(a) Material
determination procedure to determine average volatile organic (VO)
concentration of a hazardous secondary material at the point of material
origination.
(1) Determining average VO
concentration at the point of material origination. A remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall determine
the average VO concentration at the point of material origination for each
hazardous secondary material placed in a hazardous secondary material
management unit exempted under the provisions of Subsection
R315-261-1082(c)(1)
from using air emission controls in accordance with standards specified in
Sections
R315-261-1084
through 1087, as applicable to the hazardous secondary material management
unit.
(i) An initial determination of the
average VO concentration of the material stream shall be made before the first
time any portion of the material in the hazardous secondary material stream is
placed in a hazardous secondary material management unit exempted under the
provisions of Subsection
R315-261-1082(c)(1)
from using air emission controls, and thereafter an initial determination of
the average VO concentration of the material stream shall be made for each
averaging period that a hazardous secondary material is managed in the unit;
and
(ii) Perform a new material
determination whenever changes to the source generating the material stream are
reasonably likely to cause the average VO concentration of the hazardous
secondary material to increase to a level that is equal to or greater than the
applicable VO concentration limits specified in Section
R315-261-1082.
(2) Determination of
average VO concentration using direct measurement or knowledge. For a material
determination that is required by Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(1), the average
VO concentration of a hazardous secondary material at the point of material
origination shall be determined using either direct measurement as specified in
Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(3) or by knowledge as specified in Subsection
R315-261-1083(a)(4).
(3) Direct
measurement to determine average VO concentration of a hazardous secondary
material at the point of material origination.
(i) Identification. The remanufacturer or
other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall
identify and record in a log that is kept at the facility the point of material
origination for the hazardous secondary material.
(ii) Sampling. Samples of the hazardous
secondary material stream shall be collected at the point of material
origination in a manner such that volatilization of organics contained in the
material and in the subsequent sample is minimized and an adequately
representative sample is collected and maintained for analysis by the selected
method.
(A) The averaging period to be used
for determining the average VO concentration for the hazardous secondary
material stream on a mass-weighted average basis shall be designated and
recorded. The averaging period can represent any time interval that the
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material determines is appropriate for the hazardous secondary material stream
but shall not exceed 1 year.
(B) A
sufficient number of samples, but no less than four samples, shall be collected
and analyzed for a hazardous secondary material determination. All of the
samples for a given material determination shall be collected within a one-hour
period. The average of the four or more sample results constitutes a material
determination for the material stream. One or more material determinations may
be required to represent the complete range of material compositions and
quantities that occur during the entire averaging period due to normal
variations in the operating conditions for the source or process generating the
hazardous secondary material stream. Examples of such normal variations are
seasonal variations in material quantity or fluctuations in ambient
temperature.
(C) All samples shall
be collected and handled in accordance with written procedures prepared by the
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material and documented in a site sampling plan. This plan shall describe the
procedure by which representative samples of the hazardous secondary material
stream are collected such that a minimum loss of organics occurs throughout the
sample collection and handling process, and by which sample integrity is
maintained. A copy of the written sampling plan shall be maintained at the
facility. An example of acceptable sample collection and handling procedures
for a total volatile organic constituent concentration may be found in Method
25D in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(D) Sufficient information, as specified in
the "site sampling plan" required under Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(3)(ii)(C),
shall be prepared and recorded to document the material quantity represented by
the samples and, as applicable, the operating conditions for the source or
process generating the hazardous secondary material represented by the samples.
(iii) Analysis. Each
collected sample shall be prepared and analyzed in accordance with Method 25D
in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A for the total concentration of volatile organic
constituents, or using one or more methods when the individual organic compound
concentrations are identified and summed and the summed material concentration
accounts for and reflects all organic compounds in the material with Henry's
law constant values at least 0.1
mole-fraction-in-the-gas-phase/mole-fraction-in-the-liquid-phase (0.1 Y/X),
which can also be expressed as 1.8 × 10
-6atmospheres/gram-mole/m
3, at 25 deg. Celsius. At the discretion of the
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material, the test data obtained may be adjusted by any appropriate method to
discount any contribution to the total volatile organic concentration that is a
result of including a compound with a Henry's law constant value of less than
0.1 Y/X at 25 deg. Celsius. To adjust these data, the measured concentration of
each individual chemical constituent contained in the material is multiplied by
the appropriate constituent-specific adjustment factor (f
m25D). If the remanufacturer or other person that stores
or treats the hazardous secondary material elects to adjust the test data, the
adjustment shall be made to all individual chemical constituents with a Henry's
law constant value greater than or equal to 0.1 Y/X at 25 degrees Celsius
contained in the material. Constituent-specific adjustment factors (f
m25D) can be obtained by contacting the Waste and
Chemical Processes Group, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards,
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Other test methods may be used if they meet
the requirements in Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(3)(iii)(A) or (B) and provided
the requirement to reflect all organic compounds in the material with Henry's
law constant values greater than or equal to 0.1 Y/X, which can also be
expressed as 1.8 × 10
-6atmospheres/gram-mole/m
3, at 25 deg. Celsius, is met.
(A) Any EPA standard method that has been
validated in accordance with "Alternative Validation Procedure for EPA Waste
and Wastewater Methods," 40 CFR part 63, appendix D.
(B) Any other analysis method that has been
validated in accordance with the procedures specified in Section 5.1 or Section
5.3, and the corresponding calculations in Section 6.1 or Section 6.3, of
Method 301 in 40 CFR part 63, appendix A. The data are acceptable if they meet
the criteria specified in Section 6.1.5 or Section 6.3.3 of Method 301. If
correction is required under section 6.3.3 of Method 301, the data are
acceptable if the correction factor is within the range 0.7 to 1.30. Other
sections of Method 301 are not required.
(iv) Calculations.
(A) The average VO concentration (C) on a
mass-weighted basis shall be calculated by using the results for all material
determinations conducted in accordance with Subsections R315-261-1083(a)(3)(ii)
and (iii) and the following equation:
The equation found in
40 CFR
261.1083(a)(3)(iv)(A), 2015
ed. is adopted and incorporated by reference.
Where:
C = Average VO concentration of the hazardous secondary
material at the point of material origination on a mass-weighted basis, ppmw.
i = Individual material determination "i" of the hazardous
secondary material.
n = Total number of material determinations of the hazardous
secondary material conducted for the averaging period (not to exceed 1 year).
Q i = Mass quantity of hazardous
secondary material stream represented by C i, kg/hr.
Q T = Total mass quantity of hazardous
secondary material during the averaging period, kg/hr.
C i = Measured VO concentration of
material determination "i" as determined in accordance with the requirements of
Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(3)(iii), i.e., the average of the four or more
samples specified in Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(3)(ii)(B), ppmw.
(B) For the purpose of determining
C i, for individual material samples analyzed in
accordance with Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(3)(iii), the remanufacturer or
other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall
account for VO concentrations determined to be below the limit of detection of
the analytical method by using the following VO concentration:
(I) If Method 25D in 40 CFR part 60, appendix
A is used for the analysis, one-half the blank value determined in the method
at section 4.4 of Method 25D in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(II) If any other analytical method is used,
one-half the sum of the limits of detection established for each organic
constituent in the material that has a Henry's law constant values at least 0.1
mole-fraction-in-the-gas-phase/mole-fraction-in-the-liquid-phase (0.1 Y/X),
which can also be expressed as 1.8 × 10
-6atmospheres/gram-mole/m
3, at 25 degrees Celsius.
(4) Use of knowledge by
the remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous
secondary material to determine average VO concentration of a hazardous
secondary material at the point of material origination.
(i) Documentation shall be prepared that
presents the information used as the basis for the knowledge by the
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material of the hazardous secondary material stream's average VO concentration.
Examples of information that may be used as the basis for knowledge include:
Material balances for the source or process generating the hazardous secondary
material stream; constituent-specific chemical test data for the hazardous
secondary material stream from previous testing that are still applicable to
the current material stream; previous test data for other locations managing
the same type of material stream; or other knowledge based on information
included in shipping papers or material certification notices.
(ii) If test data are used as the basis for
knowledge, then the remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the
hazardous secondary material shall document the test method, sampling protocol,
and the means by which sampling variability and analytical variability are
accounted for in the determination of the average VO concentration. For
example, a remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous
secondary material may use organic concentration test data for the hazardous
secondary material stream that are validated in accordance with Method 301 in
40 CFR part 63, appendix A as the basis for knowledge of the material.
(iii) A remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material using chemical
constituent-specific concentration test data as the basis for knowledge of the
hazardous secondary material may adjust the test data to the corresponding
average VO concentration value which would have been obtained had the material
samples been analyzed using Method 25D in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. To adjust
these data, the measured concentration for each individual chemical constituent
contained in the material is multiplied by the appropriate constituent-specific
adjustment factor (f m25D).
(iv) In the event that the Director and the
remanufacture or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material disagree on a determination of the average VO concentration for a
hazardous secondary material stream using knowledge, then the results from a
determination of average VO concentration using direct measurement as specified
in Subsection R315-261-1083(a)(3) shall be used to establish compliance with
the applicable requirements of Sections
R315-261-1080
through 1089. The Director may perform or request that the remanufacturer or
other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material perform
this determination using direct measurement. The remanufacturer or other person
that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material may choose one or more
appropriate methods to analyze each collected sample in accordance with the
requirements of Subsection
R315-261-1083(a)(3)(iii).
(c) Procedure to determine the maximum
organic vapor pressure of a hazardous secondary material in a tank.
(1) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall determine the maximum
organic vapor pressure for each hazardous secondary material placed in a tank
using Tank Level 1 controls in accordance with standards specified in
Subsection
R315-261-1084(c).
(2) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material shall use either direct
measurement as specified in Subsection R315-261-1083(c)(3) or knowledge of the
waste as specified by Subsection R315-261-1083(c)(4) to determine the maximum
organic vapor pressure which is representative of the hazardous secondary
material composition stored or treated in the tank.
(3) Direct measurement to determine the
maximum organic vapor pressure of a hazardous secondary material.
(i) Sampling. A sufficient number of samples
shall be collected to be representative of the hazardous secondary material
contained in the tank. All samples shall be collected and handled in accordance
with written procedures prepared by the remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material and documented in a site
sampling plan. This plan shall describe the procedure by which representative
samples of the hazardous secondary material are collected such that a minimum
loss of organics occurs throughout the sample collection and handling process
and by which sample integrity is maintained. A copy of the written sampling
plan shall be maintained at the facility. An example of acceptable sample
collection and handling procedures may be found in Method 25D in 40 CFR part
60, appendix A.
(ii) Analysis. Any
appropriate one of the following methods may be used to analyze the samples and
compute the maximum organic vapor pressure of the hazardous secondary material:
(A) Method 25E in 40 CFR part 60 appendix A;
(B) Methods described in American
Petroleum Institute Publication 2517, Third Edition, February 1989,
"Evaporative Loss from External Floating-Roof Tanks," incorporated by reference
- refer to Section
R315-260-11;
(C) Methods obtained from standard reference
texts;
(D) ASTM Method 2879-92,
incorporated by reference - refer to Section
R315-260-11;
and
(E) Any other method approved
by the Director.
(4) Use of knowledge to determine the maximum
organic vapor pressure of the hazardous secondary material. Documentation shall
be prepared and recorded that presents the information used as the basis for
the knowledge by the remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the
hazardous secondary material that the maximum organic vapor pressure of the
hazardous secondary material is less than the maximum vapor pressure limit
listed in Subsection R315-261-1085(b)(1)(i) for the applicable tank design
capacity category. An example of information that may be used is documentation
that the hazardous secondary material is generated by a process for which at
other locations it previously has been determined by direct measurement that
the hazardous secondary material's waste maximum organic vapor pressure is less
than the maximum vapor pressure limit for the appropriate tank design capacity
category.
(d) Procedure
for determining no detectable organic emissions for the purpose of complying
with Sections
R315-261-1080
through 1089:
(1) The test shall be conducted
in accordance with the procedures specified in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60,
appendix A. Each potential leak interface, i.e., a location where organic vapor
leakage could occur, on the cover and associated closure devices shall be
checked. Potential leak interfaces that are associated with covers and closure
devices include, but are not limited to: The interface of the cover and its
foundation mounting; the periphery of any opening on the cover and its
associated closure device; and the sealing seat interface on a spring-loaded
pressure relief valve.
(2) The test
shall be performed when the unit contains a hazardous secondary material having
an organic concentration representative of the range of concentrations for the
hazardous secondary material expected to be managed in the unit. During the
test, the cover and closure devices shall be secured in the closed
position.
(3) The detection
instrument shall meet the performance criteria of Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60,
appendix A, except the instrument response factor criteria in section 3.1.2(a)
of Method 21 shall be for the average composition of the organic constituents
in the hazardous secondary material placed in the hazardous secondary
management unit, not for each individual organic constituent.
(4) The detection instrument shall be
calibrated before use on each day of its use by the procedures specified in
Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(5) Calibration gases shall be as follows:
(i) Zero air, less than 10 ppmv hydrocarbon
in air, and
(ii) A mixture of
methane or n-hexane and air at a concentration of approximately, but less than,
10,000 ppmv methane or n-hexane.
(6) The background level shall be determined
according to the procedures in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(7) Each potential leak interface
shall be checked by traversing the instrument probe around the potential leak
interface as close to the interface as possible, as described in Method 21 of
40 CFR part 60, appendix A. In the case when the configuration of the cover or
closure device prevents a complete traverse of the interface, all accessible
portions of the interface shall be sampled. In the case when the configuration
of the closure device prevents any sampling at the interface and the device is
equipped with an enclosed extension or horn, e.g., some pressure relief
devices, the instrument probe inlet shall be placed at approximately the center
of the exhaust area to the atmosphere.
(8) The arithmetic difference between the
maximum organic concentration indicated by the instrument and the background
level shall be compared with the value of 500 ppmv except when monitoring a
seal around a rotating shaft that passes through a cover opening, in which case
the comparison shall be as specified in Subsection R315-261-1083(d)(9). If the
difference is less than 500 ppmv, then the potential leak interface is
determined to operate with no detectable organic emissions.
(9) For the seals around a rotating shaft
that passes through a cover opening, the arithmetic difference between the
maximum organic concentration indicated by the instrument and the background
level shall be compared with the value of 10,000 ppmw. If the difference is
less than 10,000 ppmw, then the potential leak interface is determined to
operate with no detectable organic emissions.