Utah Administrative Code
Topic - Environmental Quality
Title R311 - Environmental Response and Remediation
Rule R311-205 - Petroleum Storage Tanks: Site Assessment Protocol
Section R311-205-2 - Site Assessment Protocol
Universal Citation: UT Admin Code R 311-205-2
Current through Bulletin 2024-06, March 15, 2024
(1) General Requirements.
(a) a site assessment
or site check is required:
(i) for USTs,
pursuant to
40 CFR
280.72 or Subsection
19-6-428(3).
(ii) for APSTs, when the tank or connected
piping are permanently closed or as pursuant to Subsections
19-6-420(2)(a)
and
19-6-428(3).
(b) when a site assessment or site
check is required, owners or operators shall perform the work or commission the
work to be performed according to Rule R311-205 or equivalent, as approved by
the director.
(c) additional
environmental media samples must be collected when contamination is found,
suspected, or as requested by the director.
(d) environmental media samples are to be
collected according to the Utah Petroleum Storage Tank Environmental Media
Sampling Handbook, dated June 1, 2021, which is incorporated by reference, or
as determined by the director.
(e)
owners and operators must document and report to the director the following:
(i) sample types;
(ii) sample locations and depths;
(iii) field and sampling measurement
methods;
(iv) the nature of the
stored substance;
(v) the type of
backfill and native soil;
(vi) the
depth to groundwater; and
(vii)
other factors appropriate for identifying the source area and the degree and
extent of subsurface soil and groundwater contamination.
(f) the owner or operator must report the
discovery of any reportable release or suspected release to the director within
24 hours.
(i) owners or operators must begin
release investigation and confirmation steps as outlined in 40 CFR 280, Subpart
E and Section
19-6-420
upon suspecting a release.
(ii)
owners or operators must begin release response and corrective action as
outlined in 40 CFR 280, Subpart F and Section 19-6-420 upon confirming a
release.
(g)
environmental media samples must be collected by a certified sampler who meets
the requirements of Rule R311-201.
(i) the
certified sampler shall record the depth below grade and location of each
sample collected to within one foot.
(h) environmental media samples must be
analyzed within the time frame allowed, in accordance with the Utah Petroleum
Storage Tank Environmental Media Sampling Handbook, by a certified
environmental laboratory.
(i) soil
samples must be corrected for moisture, if necessary, with percent moisture
reported to accurately represent the level of contamination.
(i) environmental media samples for PST
permanent closure or change in service must be collected according to the
protocol outlined in Subsection R311-205-2(2), after the PST system is emptied
and cleaned and after the closure plan has been approved.
(j) environmental media confirmation samples
are required following over-excavation of soils.
(i) confirmation samples shall be taken at
locations and depths sufficient to detect the presence, extent, and degree of a
release from any portion of the PST as outlined in 40 CFR 280, Subparts E, F,
and G.
(ii) additional confirmation
samples may be required as determined by the director.
(k) upon confirming a release, a site
assessment report, an updated site plat, analytical laboratory results, chain
of custody forms, and other applicable documentation referenced in 40 CFR 280,
Subparts E and F, following any abatement, investigation or assessment,
monitoring, remediation or corrective action activities, shall be submitted to
the director within the specified time frames.
(l) when conducting environmental media
sampling as referenced in 40 CFR 280, subparts E and F, soil classification
samples to determine native soil type shall be collected at locations and
depths as requested by the director.
(i)
techniques of the Unified Soil Classification such as a sieve analysis or
laboratory classification, or a field description from a qualified individual
as determined by the director, may be used to satisfy requirements of
determining native soil type.
(m) other types of environmental media or
quality assurance samples may be required as determined by the
director.
(2) Site assessment protocol for PST closure.
(a) the
appropriate number of environmental media samples, as described in Subsections
R311-205-2(2) and R311-205-2(3) shall be collected in native soils, below the
backfill material, and as close as technically feasible to the tank, piping, or
dispenser island.
(i) any other samples
required by Subsection R311-205-2(1) must also be collected.
(ii) soil samples shall be collected from a
depth of zero to two feet below the backfill and native soil interface.
(A) if groundwater is contacted in the
process of collecting the soil samples, the soil samples required by
Subsections R311-205-2(2) and R311-205-2(3) shall be collected from the
unsaturated zone immediately above the capillary fringe.
(iii) groundwater samples collected from an
excavation shall be collected using proper surface water collection techniques
according to the Utah Petroleum Storage Tank Environmental Media Sampling
Handbook, or as determined by the director.
(b) environmental media samples must be
analyzed using the appropriate analytical methods outlined in Subsections
R311-205-2(2) and R311-205-2(5).
(c) one soil classification sample to
determine native soil type shall be collected at the same depth as indicated
for environmental media samples, at each tank and product piping area.
(i) for dispenser islands, only one
representative sample to determine native soil type is required.
(ii) techniques of the Unified Soil
Classification such as a sieve analysis or laboratory classification shall be
used to satisfy requirements of determining native soil type when taking
samples for PST closure.
(3) Environmental sampling protocol for PST closures:
(a) for a tank area containing one
PST, one soil sample shall be collected at each end of the tank.
(i) if groundwater is contacted during the
process of collecting soil samples, a minimum of one groundwater and one soil
sample shall be collected from each end of the tank.
(b) for a tank area containing more than one
PST, one soil sample shall be collected from each corner of the tank area.
(i) if groundwater is contacted during the
process of collecting soil samples, a minimum of one groundwater and one soil
sample shall be collected from each end of the tank area.
(c) product piping samples shall be collected
from each product piping area, at locations where leaking is most likely to
occur, such as joints, connections, and fittings.
(i) these samples must be collected at
intervals which do not allow more than 50 linear feet of piping in a single
piping area to go unsampled.
(ii)
if groundwater is contacted during the process of collecting soil samples, a
minimum of one groundwater and one soil sample shall be collected from each
piping area where groundwater was encountered.
(d) for product dispensers, environmental
media samples shall be collected from beneath each product dispenser.
(i) if groundwater is contacted during the
process of collecting soil samples, a minimum of one groundwater and one soil
sample shall be collected from each product dispenser where groundwater was
encountered.
(e) for
PSTs with remote fill, environmental media samples shall be collected from
beneath each remote fill location and in intervals which do not allow more than
25 linear feet of the piping associated with the remote fill to go unsampled.
(i) if groundwater is contacted during the
process of collecting soil samples, a minimum of one groundwater and one soil
sample shall be collected from each sample location where groundwater was
encountered.
(4) Site check requirements for re-applying to participate in the EAP.
(a) owners or
operators wishing to re-apply for participation in the EAP following a period
of lapse or non-participation may perform a site check pursuant to Subsection
19-6-428(3).
(b) the owner or operator shall
develop or commission to have developed a site check plan outlining the
intended sampling program.
(i) the director
shall review and approve the site check plan before its
implementation.
(c) the
site check must meet the sampling requirements for PSTs, dispensers, and piping
as defined in Subsection R311-205-2(2), or as determined by the director on a
site-specific basis.
(d) additional
sampling may be required by the director based on review of the proposed site
check plan and site-specific conditions.
(5) Laboratory analyses of environmental media samples.
(a) environmental media
samples which have been collected to determine levels of contamination from
PSTs must be analyzed by a certified environmental laboratory.
(b) unless otherwise approved by the
director, the required analytes and corresponding analytical methods shall be:
(i) for gasoline contamination:
(A) total petroleum hydrocarbons, purgeable
TPH as gasoline range organics C6 - C10, by either EPA 8015 or EPA 8260;
and
(B) benzene, toluene,
ethylbenzene, xylenes, naphthalene (BTEXN), and methyl tertiary butyl ether
(MTBE) by either EPA 8021 or EPA 8260.
(ii) for diesel fuel contamination:
(A) total petroleum hydrocarbons, extractable
TPH as diesel range organics C10 - C28, by EPA 8015; and
(B) benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes
and naphthalene (BTEXN) by either EPA 8021 or EPA 8260.
(iii) for used oil contamination:
(A) oil and grease (O and G) or total
recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons (TRPH) by EPA 1664; and
(B) benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes,
naphthalene (BTEXN), methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), and halogenated
volatile organic compounds (VOX) by EPA 8021 or EPA 8260.
(iv) for new oil contamination:
(A) oil and grease (O and G) or total
recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons (TRPH) by EPA 1664.
(v) contamination from PSTs which contain
substances other than or in addition to petroleum shall be analyzed for
appropriate constituents as determined by the director.
(vi) for contamination of an unknown
petroleum product type:
(A) total petroleum
hydrocarbons, purgeable TPH as gasoline range organics
C6 - C10, by either EPA 8015 or
EPA 8260;
(B) total petroleum
hydrocarbons, extractable TPH as diesel range organics
C10 - C28, by EPA 8015;
(C) oil and grease (O and G) or total
recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons (TRPH) by EPA 1664; and
(D) benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes,
naphthalene (BTEXN), methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), and halogenated
volatile organic compounds (VOX) by either EPA 8021 or EPA 8260.
(vii) potential vapor intrusion
from petroleum product types shall be analyzed for appropriate constituents as
determined by the director.
(c) original laboratory sample results must
be returned to the certified sampler or certified PST consultant to verify
chain of custody protocols, including holding times and analytical procedures,
were properly followed.
(d)
environmental media samples must be collected and transported under chain of
custody according to EPA methods as approved by the director.
(e) reporting limits used by laboratories
analyzing environmental media samples taken under this rule shall be below
Initial Screening Levels for the contaminated media under study.
(i) environmental media samples shall be
analyzed with the least possible dilution to ensure reporting limits are below
Initial Screening Levels to the extent possible.
(ii) if more than one determinative analysis
is performed on any given environmental media sample, the final dilution factor
used and the reporting limit must be reported by the laboratory.
(A) as an alternative to diluting
environmental media samples, the laboratory shall use appropriate analytical
cleanup methods and describe which analytical cleanup methods were used to
eliminate or minimize matrix interference.
(iii) any analytical cleanup method used must
not eliminate the contaminant of concern or target analyte.
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