Utah Administrative Code
Topic - Environmental Quality
Title R309 - Drinking Water
Rule R309-225 - Monitoring and Water Quality: Consumer Confidence Reports
Section R309-225-8 - Major Sources of Contaminants in Drinking Water

(1) Total Coliform Bacteria - Naturally present in the environment.

(2) E. coli - Human and animal fecal waste.

(3) Fecal Indicators (enterococci or coliphage) - Human and animal fecal waste.

(4) Turbidity- Soil runoff.

(5) Total organic carbon - Naturally present in the environment.

Radioactive Contaminants

(6) Alpha emitters (pCi/l) - Erosion of natural deposits.

(7) Beta/photon emitters (mrem/yr) - Decay of natural and man-made deposits.

(8) Combined radium (pCi/l) - Erosion of natural deposits.

(9) Uranium (ug/l) - Erosion of natural deposits.

Inorganic Contaminants

(10) Antimony (ppb) - Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder.

(11) Arsenic (ppb) - Erosion of natural deposits; Runoff from orchards; Runoff from glass and electronics production wastes.

(12) Asbestos (MFL) - Decay of asbestos cement water mains; Erosion of natural deposits.

(13) Barium (ppm) - Discharge of drilling wastes; Discharge from metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits.

(14) Beryllium (ppb) - Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; Discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries.

(15) Cadmium (ppb) - Corrosion of galvanized pipes; Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from metal refineries; runoff from waste batteries and paints.

(16) Chromium (ppb) - Discharge from steel and pulp mills; Erosion of natural deposits.

(17) Copper (ppm) - Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits; Leaching from wood preservatives.

(18) Cyanide (ppb) - Discharge from steel/metal factories; Discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories.

(19) Fluoride (ppm) - Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories.

(20) Lead (ppb) - Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits.

(21) Mercury (inorganic) (ppb) - Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from refineries and factories; Runoff from landfills; Runoff from cropland.

(22) Nitrate (as Nitrogen) (ppm) - Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits.

(23) Nitrite (as Nitrogen) (ppm) - Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sewage; Erosion of natural deposits.

(24) Selenium (ppb) - Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from mines.

(25) Thallium (ppb) - Leaching from ore-processing sites; Discharge from electronics, glass, and drug factories. Synthetic Organic Contaminants including Pesticides and Herbicides

(26) 2,4-D (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide used on row crops.

(27) 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)(ppb) - Residue of banned herbicide.

(28) Acrylamide - Added to water during sewage/wastewater treatment.

(29) Alachlor (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide used on row crops.

(30) Atrazine (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide used on row crops.

(31) Benzo(a)pyrene (PAH) (nanograms/l) -Leaching from linings of water storage tanks and distribution lines.

(32) Carbofuran (ppb) - Leaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa.

(33) Chlordane (ppb) - Residue of banned termiticide.

(34) Dalapon (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide used on rights of way.

(35) Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (ppb) - Discharge from chemical factories.

(36) Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ppb) - Discharge from rubber and chemical factories.

(37) Dibromochloropropane (ppt) - Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on soybeans, cotton, pineapples, and orchards.

(38) Dinoseb (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide used on soybeans and vegetables.

(39) Diquat (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide use.

(40) Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) (ppq) - Emissions from waste incineration and other combustion; Discharge from chemical factories.

(41) Endothall (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide use.

(42) Endrin (ppb) - Residue of banned insecticide.

(43) Epichlorohydrin - Discharge from industrial chemical factories; An impurity of some water treatment chemicals.

(44) Ethylene dibromide (ppt) - Discharge from petroleum refineries.

(45) Glyphosate (ppb) - Runoff from herbicide use.

(46) Heptachlor (ppt) - Residue of banned pesticide.

(47) Heptachlor epoxide (ppt) - Breakdown of heptachlor.

(48) Hexachlorobenzene (ppb) - Discharge from metal refineries and agricultural chemical factories.

(49) Hexachlorocyclopentadiene (ppb) - Discharge from chemical factories.

(50) Lindane (ppt) - Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle, lumber, gardens.

(51) Methoxychlor (ppb) - Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock.

(52) Oxamyl (Vydate)(ppb) - Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples, potatoes and tomatoes.

(53) PCBs (Polychlorinated biphenyls) (ppt) - Runoff from landfills; Discharge of waste chemicals.

(54) Pentachlorophenol (ppb) - Discharge from wood preserving factories.

(55) Picloram (ppb) - Herbicide runoff.

(56) Simazine (ppb) - Herbicide runoff.

(57) Toxaphene (ppb) - Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and cattle. Volatile Organic Contaminants

(58) Benzene (ppb) - Discharge from factories; Leaching from gas storage tanks and landfills.

(59) Bromate (ppb) - By-product of drinking water chlorination.

(60) Carbon tetrachloride (ppb) - Discharge from chemical plants and other industrial activities.

(61) Chloramines (ppm) - Water additive used to control microbes.

(62) Chlorine (ppm) - Water additive used to control microbes.

(63) Chlorite (ppm) - By-product of drinking water chlorination.

(64) Chlorine dioxide (ppb) - Water additive used to control microbes.

(65) Chlorobenzene (ppb) - Discharge from chemical and agricultural chemical factories.

(66) o-Dichlorobenzene (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(67) p-Dichlorobenzene (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(68) 1,2-Dichloroethane (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(69) 1,1-Dichloroethylene (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(70) cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(71) trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(72) Dichloromethane (ppb) - Discharge from pharmaceutical and chemical factories.

(73) 1,2-Dichloropropane (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(74) Ethylbenzene (ppb) - Discharge from petroleum refineries.

(75) Haloacetic Acids (HAA) (ppb) - By-product of drinking water disinfection.

(76) Styrene (ppb)- Discharge from rubber and plastic factories; Leaching from landfills.

(77) Tetrachloroethylene (ppb) - Discharge from factories and dry cleaners.

(78) 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene (ppb) - Discharge from textile-finishing factories.

(79) 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (ppb) - Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories.

(80) 1,1,2-Trichloroethane (ppb) - Discharge from industrial chemical factories.

(81) Trichloroethylene (ppb) - Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories.

(82) TTHMs (Total trihalomethanes)(ppb) - By-product of drinking water chlorination.

(83) Toluene (ppm) - Discharge from petroleum factories.

(84) Vinyl Chloride (ppb) - Leaching from PVC piping; Discharge from plastics factories.

(85) Xylenes (ppm) - Discharge from petroleum factories; Discharge from chemical factories.