Utah Administrative Code
Topic - Environmental Quality
Title R309 - Drinking Water
Rule R309-205 - Monitoring and Water Quality: Source Monitoring Requirements
Section R309-205-6 - Organic Contaminants
Universal Citation: UT Admin Code R 309-205-6
Current through Bulletin 2024-18, September 15, 2024
For the purposes of R309-100 through R309-605, organic chemicals are divided into three categories: Pesticides/PCBs/SOCs, volatile organic contaminants (VOCs) and total trihalomethanes.
(1) Pesticides/PCBs/SOCs monitoring requirements.
Analysis of the contaminants listed in R309-200-5(2)(a) for the purposes of determining compliance with the maximum contaminant level shall be conducted as follows:
(a)
Groundwater systems shall take a minimum of one sample at every entry point to
the distribution system which is representative of each well after treatment
(hereafter called a sampling point). Each sample shall be taken at the same
sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more
representative of each source or treatment plant.
(b) Surface water systems shall take a
minimum of one sample at points in the distribution system that are
representative of each source or at each entry point to the distribution system
after treatment (hereafter called a sampling point). Each sample shall be taken
at the same sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more
representative of each source or treatment plant. (Note: For purposes of this
paragraph, surface water systems include systems with a combination of surface
and ground sources.)
(c) If the
system draws water from more than one source and the sources are combined
before distribution, the system shall sample at an entry point to the
distribution system during periods of normal operating conditions (i.e., when
water representative of all sources is being used).
(d) Monitoring frequency:
(i) Each community and non-transient
non-community water system shall take four consecutive quarterly samples for
each contaminant listed in
R309-200-5(2)(a)
during each compliance period beginning with the compliance period starting
January 1, 1993. For systems serving less than 3,300, this requirement may be
reduced to one sample if the sample is taken prior to October 1,
1993.
(ii) Systems serving more
than 3,300 persons which do not detect a contaminant in the initial compliance
period, may reduce the sampling frequency to a minimum of two quarterly samples
in one year during each repeat compliance period.
(iii) Systems serving less than or equal to
3,300 persons which do not detect a contaminant in the initial compliance
period may reduce the sampling frequency to a minimum of one sample during each
repeat compliance period.
(e) Each community and non-transient
non-community water system may apply to the Director for a waiver from the
requirement of paragraph (d) of this section. A system shall reapply for a
waiver for each compliance period.
(f) The Director may grant: a use waiver, a
susceptibility waiver or a reliably and consistently waiver. The use and
susceptibility waivers shall be granted in accordance with
R309-600-16.
The reliably and consistently waiver shall be based on a minimum of three
rounds of monitoring where the results of analysis for all constituents show
that no contaminant is detected, or that the detected amount of a contaminant
is less than half the MCL.
(i) If a use
waiver is granted no monitoring for pesticides/PCBs/SOCs will be required,
provided documentation consistent with
R309-600-16 and justifying the continuance of a use waiver is submitted to the Director at
least every six years.
(ii) If a
susceptibility waiver or a reliably and consistently waiver is granted,
monitoring for pesticides/PCBs/SOCs shall be preformed as listed below,
provided documentation consistent with
R309-600-16 and justifying the continuance of a susceptibility waiver is submitted to the
Director at least every six years or in the case of a reliably and consistently
waiver that the analytical results justify the continuance of the reliably and
consistently waiver.
(A) For community and
non-transient non community systems serving populations greater than 3,300
people, samples for pesticides/PCBs/SOCs shall be taken in two consecutive
quarters every three years.
(B) For
community and non-transient non community systems serving populations less than
3,301 people, samples for pesticides/PCBs/SOCs shall be taken every three
years.
(g) If
an organic contaminant listed in
R309-200-5(2)(a)
is detected in any sample, then:
(i) Each
system shall monitor quarterly at each sampling point which resulted in a
detection.
(ii) The Director may
decrease the quarterly monitoring requirement specified in paragraph (g)(i) of
this section provided it has determined that the system is reliably and
consistently below the maximum contaminant level. In no case shall the Director
make this determination unless a groundwater system takes a minimum of two
quarterly samples and a surface water system takes a minimum of four quarterly
samples.
(iii) After the Director
determines the system is reliably and consistently below the maximum
contaminant level the Director may allow the system to monitor annually.
Systems which monitor annually shall monitor during the quarter that previously
yielded the highest analytical result.
(iv) Systems which have 3 consecutive annual
samples with no detection of a contaminant may apply to the Director for a
waiver as specified in paragraph (f) of this section.
(v) If monitoring results in detection of one
or more of certain related contaminants (aldicarb, aldicarb sulfone, aldicarb
sulfoxide and heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide), then subsequent monitoring shall
analyze for all related contaminants.
(h) Systems which violate the maximum
contaminant levels of
R309-200-5(2)(a)
as determined by paragraph (j) of this section shall monitor quarterly. After a
minimum of four quarterly samples show the system is in compliance and the
Director determines the system is reliably and consistently below the MCL, as
specified in paragraph (j) of this section, the system shall monitor at the
frequency specified in paragraph (g)(iii) of this section.
(i) The Director may require a confirmation
sample for positive or negative results. If a confirmation sample is required
by the Director, the result shall be averaged with the first sampling result
and the average used for the compliance determination as specified by paragraph
(j) of this section. The Director has the discretion to delete results of
obvious sampling errors from this calculation.
(j) Compliance with the maximum contaminant
levels in
R309-200-5(2)(a)
shall be determined based on the analytical results obtained at each sampling
point. If one sampling point is in violation of the MCL, the system is in
violation of the MCL.
(i) For systems
monitoring more than once per year, compliance with the MCL is determined by a
running annual average at each sampling point.
(ii) Systems monitoring annually or less
frequently whose sample result exceeds the method detection level as defined in
R309-200-4(3)
must begin quarterly sampling. The system shall not be considered in violation
of the MCL until it has completed one year of quarterly sampling.
(iii) If any sample result will cause the
running annual average to exceed the MCL at any sampling point, the system is
out of compliance with the MCL immediately.
(iv) If a system fails to collect the
required number of samples, compliance shall be based on the total number of
samples collected.
(v) If a sample
result is less than the method detection limit, zero shall be used to calculate
the annual average.
(vi) If a
public water system has a distribution system separable from other parts of the
distribution system with no interconnections, the Director may allow the system
to give public notice to only that portion of the system which is out of
compliance.
(k) If
monitoring data collected after January 1, 1990, are generally consistent with
the other requirements of this section, then the Director may allow systems to
use that data to satisfy the monitoring requirement for the initial compliance
period beginning January 1, 1993.
(l) The Director may increase the required
monitoring frequency, where necessary, to detect variations within the system
(e.g., fluctuations in concentration due to seasonal use, changes in water
source).
(m) The Director has the
authority to determine compliance or initiate enforcement action based upon
analytical results and other information compiled by their sanctioned
representatives and agencies.
(n)
Each public water system shall monitor at the time designated by the Director
within each compliance period.
(2) Volatile organic contaminants monitoring requirements.
Analysis of the contaminants listed in R309-200-5(2)(b) for the purpose of determining compliance with the maximum contaminant level shall be conducted as follows:
(a)
Groundwater systems shall take a minimum of one sample at every entry point to
the distribution system which is representative of each well after treatment
(hereafter called a sampling point). Each sample shall be taken at the same
sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more
representative of each source, treatment plant or within the distribution
system.
(b) Surface water systems
(or combined surface/ground) shall take a minimum of one sample at points in
the distribution system that are representative of each source or at each entry
point to the distribution system after treatment (hereafter called a sampling
point). Each sample shall be taken at the same sampling point unless conditions
make another sampling point more representative of each source, treatment
plant, or within the distribution system.
(c) If the system draws water from more than
one source and the sources are combined before distribution, the system shall
sample at an entry point to the distribution system during periods of normal
operating conditions (i.e., when water representative of all sources is being
used).
(d) Each community and
non-transient non-community water system shall initially take four consecutive
quarterly samples for each contaminant listed in
R309-200-5(2)(b),
Table 200-3, numbers 2 through 21 during each compliance period beginning in
the initial compliance period. For systems serving a population of less than
3,300, this requirement may be reduced to one sample if the sample is taken
prior to October 1, 1993.
(e) If
the initial monitoring for contaminants listed in
R309-200-5(2)(b),
Table 200-3, numbers 2 through 21 as allowed in paragraph (n) has been
completed by December 31, 1992, and the system did not detect any contaminant
listed in
R309-200-5(2)(b),
then each ground and surface water system shall take one sample annually
beginning with the initial compliance period.
(f) After a minimum of three years of annual
sampling, the Director may allow groundwater systems with no previous detection
of any contaminant listed in
R309-200-5(2)(b)
to take one sample during each compliance period.
(g) Each community and non-transient
non-community water system which does not detect a contaminant listed in
R309-200-5(2)(b)
may apply to the Director for a waiver from the requirements of paragraph (d)
and (e) of this section after completing the initial monitoring. (For the
purposes of this section, detection is defined as greater than or equal to
0.0005 mg/L.) A waiver shall be effective for no more than six years (two
compliance periods). The Director may also issue waivers for the initial round
of monitoring for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene.
(h) The Director may grant: a use waiver, a
susceptibility waiver or a reliably and consistently waiver. The use and
susceptibility waivers shall be granted in accordance with
R309-600-16.
The reliably and consistently waiver shall be based on a minimum of three
rounds of monitoring where the results of analysis for all constituents show
that no contaminant is detected, or that the detected amount of a contaminant
is less than half the MCL. To maintain a use waiver or a susceptibility waiver
a system shall submit documentation consistent with
R309-600-16 which justifies the continuance of a use or a susceptibility waiver at least
every six years. For a reliably and consistently waiver, the analytical results
for all constituents of all samples shall justify its continuance. If a waiver
is granted, monitoring for VOCs will be required at least every six
years.
(i) As a condition of the
waiver a groundwater system shall take one sample at each sampling point during
the time the waiver is effective (i.e., one sample during two compliance
periods or six years) and update its source protection plan in accordance with
R309-600.
(j) If a contaminant
listed in
R309-200-5(2)(b),
Table 200-3, numbers 2 through 21 is detected at a level exceeding 0.0005 mg/L
in any sample, then:
(i) The system shall
monitor quarterly at each sampling point which resulted in a
detection.
(ii) The Director may
decrease the quarterly monitoring requirement specified in paragraph (j)(i) of
this section provided it has determined that the system is reliably and
consistently below the maximum contaminant level. In no case shall the Director
make this determination unless a groundwater system takes a minimum of two
quarterly samples and a surface water system takes a minimum of four quarterly
samples.
(iii) If the Director
determines that the system is reliably and consistently below the MCL, the
Director may allow the system to monitor annually. Systems which monitor
annually shall monitor during the quarter(s) which previously yielded the
highest analytical result.
(iv)
Systems which have three consecutive annual samples with no detection of a
contaminant may apply to the Director for a waiver as specified in paragraph
(f) of this section.
(v)
Groundwater systems which have detected one or more of the following two-carbon
organic compounds: trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane,
1,1,1-trichloroethane, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, or
1,1-dichloroethylene shall monitor quarterly for vinyl chloride. A vinyl
chloride sample shall be taken at each sampling point at which one or more of
the two-carbon organic compounds were detected. If the results of the first
analysis do not detect vinyl chloride, the Director may reduce the quarterly
monitoring frequency of vinyl chloride monitoring to one sample during each
compliance period. Surface water systems are required to monitor for vinyl
chloride as specified by the Director.
(k) Systems which violate the maximum
contaminant levels as required in
R309-200-5(2)(b)
as determined by paragraph (m) of this section shall monitor quarterly. After a
minimum of four consecutive quarterly samples shows the system is in compliance
as specified in paragraph (m) of this section, and the Director determines that
the system is reliably and consistently below the maximum contaminant level,
the system may monitor at the frequency and time specified in paragraph
(j)(iii) of this section.
(l) The
Director may require a confirmation sample for positive or negative results. If
a confirmation sample is required by the Director, the result shall be averaged
with the first sampling result and the average is used for the compliance
determination as specified by paragraph (m) of this section. The Director has
the discretion to delete results of obvious sampling errors from this
calculation.
(m) Compliance with
R309-200-5(2)(b)
shall be determined based on the analytical results obtained at each sampling
point. If one sampling point is in violation of a MCL, the system is in
violation of the MCL.
(i) For systems
monitoring more than once per year, compliance with the MCL is determined by a
running annual average at each sampling point.
(ii) Systems monitoring annually or less
frequently whose sample result exceeds the MCL must begin quarterly sampling.
The system will not be considered in violation of the MCL until it has
completed one year of quarterly sampling.
(iii) If any sample result will cause the
running annual average to exceed the MCL at any sampling point, the system is
out of compliance with the MCL immediately.
(iv) If a system fails to collect the
required number of samples, compliance shall be based on the total number of
samples collected.
(v) If a sample
result is less than the method detection limit, zero shall be used to calculate
the annual average.
(vi) If a
public water system has a distribution system separable from other parts of the
distribution system with no interconnections, the Director may allow the system
to give public notice to only that area served by that portion of the system
which is out of compliance.
(n) The Director may allow the use of
monitoring data collected after January 1, 1988 for purposes of monitoring
compliance providing that the data is generally consistent with the other
requirements in this section, the Director may use that data (i.e., a single
sample rather than four quarterly samples) to satisfy the initial monitoring
requirement of paragraph (d) of this section. Systems which use grandfathered
samples and did not detect any contaminant listed in
R309-200-5(2)(b)
shall begin monitoring annually in accordance with (e) of this
section.
(o) The Director may
increase required monitoring where necessary to detect variations within the
system.
(p) Each public water
system shall monitor at the time designated by the Director within each
compliance period.
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