Utah Administrative Code
Topic - Agriculture and Food
Title R70 - Regulatory Services
Rule R70-320 - Minimum Standards for Milk for Manufacturing Purposes, its Production and Processing
Section R70-320-5 - Minimum Quality Standards for Milk for Manufacturing Purposes
Universal Citation: UT Admin Code R 70-320-5
Current through Bulletin 2024-06, March 15, 2024
(1) Basis. The classification of milk for manufacturing purposes shall be based on:
(a) sight;
(b) odor; and
(c) quality control tests for sediment
content, bacterial estimate, and somatic cell.
(2) Sight and odor.
(a) The odor of acceptable milk shall be
fresh and sweet.
(b) The milk shall
be free from objectionable off-odors that would adversely affect the finished
product, and it shall not show any abnormal condition including curdled, ropy,
bloody, or mastitis condition as determined by an approved milk
grader.
(3) Sediment content classification. Milk in farm bulk tanks shall be classified for sediment content as follows:
|
TABLE 1 Sediment Content |
|
|
Sediment Content Classification |
Milk in farm bulk tanks Mixed sample, 0.40 in. diameter disc or equivalent |
|
No. 1-acceptable |
Not to exceed 0.50 mg equivalent |
|
No. 2-acceptable |
Not to exceed 1.50 mg equivalent |
|
No. 3-Probational |
Not to exceed 2.50 mg equivalent |
|
No. 4-Reject |
Over 2.5 mg equivalent |
|
Sediment content based on comparison with applicable charts of Sediment Standards prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) |
|
(a) Method of
Testing. Methods for determining sediment content of milk shall be those
described in the current standard methods .
(b) Frequency of tests. At least once each
month a sample shall be taken from each farm bulk tank and at irregular
intervals.
(c) Acceptance or
rejection of milk.
(i) If the sediment disc is
classified as No. 1, No. 2, or No. 3, the producer's milk may be
accepted.
(ii) If the sediment disc
is classified as No. 4, the milk shall be rejected.
(iii) If the shipment of milk is co-mingled
with other milk in a transport tank, the next shipment shall not be accepted
until its quality has been determined at the farm before being picked up;
however, if the person making the test cannot get to the farm before the next
shipment, it may be accepted but no further shipments shall be accepted unless
the milk meets the requirements of No. 3 or better.
(iv) For milk classified as No. 3 or No. 4,
the producer shall be notified immediately and the next shipment shall be
tested.
(d) Retests.
(i) On tests of the next shipment, milk
classified as No. 1, No. 2, or No. 3 shall be accepted, but No. 4 milk shall be
rejected.
(ii) Retests of bulk milk
classified as No. 4 shall be made at the farm before pickup.
(iii) The producers of No. 3 or No. 4 milk
shall be notified immediately and the next shipment tested.
(iv) This procedure of retesting successive
and accepting No. 3 milk and rejecting No. 4 milk may be continued for a
period, not to exceed ten calendar days. If at the end of this period, the
producer's milk does not meet the acceptable sediment content classification of
No. 1 or No. 2 it shall be suspended from the market.
(4) Bacterial estimated classification. Milk shall be classified for bacterial estimate by one of the listed tests of the Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products.
|
TABLE 2 |
|
|
Bactenal estimtate Direct microscopic clump classification count standard plate count, or loop method |
Not over 500,000 per ml |
|
Acceptable |
Over 500,000 per ml |
|
Unacceptable |
|
|
(probation 4 weeks) |
|
(a) Method of
testing. Methods for determining the bacterial estimate of milk shall be those
described in the 'Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products,"
"Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical
Chemists," or other methods approved by the department.
(b) Frequency of tests. Tests shall be done
at least once a month at irregular intervals, a mixed sample of each producer's
milk shall be tested.
(c) Acceptance
of milk.
(i) If the sample of milk is
classified as No. 1, the producer's milk may be accepted without
qualification.
(ii) If the sample is
classified as undergrade, the producer's milk may be accepted for a temporary
period of four weeks. The producer of undergrade milk shall be notified
immediately.
(d) Retests.
(i) Additional samples shall be tested and
classified at least weekly, and the producer shall be notified immediately of
the results.
(ii) This procedure of
testing at least weekly and accepting undergrade milk may be continued for a
period not exceeding four weeks.
(iii) If at the end of this period, the
producer's milk does not meet the acceptable bacterial estimate requirements of
No. 1 or No. 2 it shall be suspended from market.
(5) Abnormal Milk.
(a) The Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT) may be
used as a screening test.
(b) A test
of 18 mm or higher is considered abnormal milk and shall need confirmation by
the Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count Method (DMSCC) or an equivalent
method according to the Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy Products.
(i) Somatic Cell Count: Samples exceeding 18
mm WMT shall be confirmed by DMSCC or other acceptable tests. Count shall not
exceed 750,000 per ml.
(c) Frequency of tests. At least four times
in each six-month period, at irregular intervals, a sample of each producer's
milk shall be tested.
(d)
Notification to the department, written notice to the producer, and a farm
inspection are required when two of the last four somatic cell counts exceed
the standard.
(e) Within 21 days
after the farm inspection, another sample shall be tested for somatic cell
count. If the result exceeds the allowable limit for somatic cell count, the
producer's permit shall be suspended until corrections are made and the somatic
cell count is reduced to 750,000 or less.
(6) Drug Residue Level.
(a) Each licensed dairy plants shall not
accept for processing any milk testing positive for drug residue.
(i) Any milk received at a licensed dairy
plant shall be sampled and tested, before processing, for beta lactam drug
residue.
(ii) When directed by the
department additional testing for other drug residues shall be
performed.
(iii) Samples shall be
analyzed for beta lactams and other drug residues by methods evaluated by the
Association of Official Analytical Chemists and accepted by the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) as effective in determining compliance with "safe levels"
or established tolerances.
(iv)
"Safe levels" and tolerances for particular drugs are established by the FDA
and can be obtained from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Food
Safety and Applied Nutrition.
(b) Individual producer milk samples for beta
lactam drug residue testing shall be obtained from each milk shipment, and
shall be representative of any milk received from the producer
(c) A load sample shall be taken from the
bulk milk shipment after its arrival at the plant and before further
commingling. A sample shall be obtained at the plant using a procedure that
includes any milk produced and received.
(d) Follow-up to positive-testing.
(i) When a load sample tests positive for
drug residue, industry personnel shall notify the department of the positive
test result and of the intended disposition of the shipment of milk containing
the drug residue.
(ii) Any milk
testing positive for drug residue shall be disposed of in a manner that removes
it from the human or animal food chain, except when acceptably reconditioned
under FDA compliance policy guidelines.
(e) Identification of producer
(i) Each individual producer sample
represented in the positive-testing load sample shall be singly tested as
directed by the department to determine the producer of the milk sample testing
positive for drug residue.
(ii)
Identification of the producer responsible for producing the milk testing
positive for drug residue, and details of the final disposition of the shipment
of milk containing the drug residue, shall be reported immediately to the
department.
(f) Milk
shipment from the producer identified as the source of milk testing positive
for drug residue shall stop immediately and may resume only after a sample from
a subsequent milking does not test positive for drug residue.
(g) Enforcement. A penalty sanctioned by the
department shall be imposed on the producer for each occurrence of shipping
milk testing positive for drug residue.
(h) The producer shall review the "Milk and
Dairy Beef Quality Assurance Program" with a licensed veterinarian within 30
days after each occurrence of shipping milk testing positive for drug residue.
A signed copy of a certificate confirming that the "Milk and Dairy Quality
Assurance Program" has been reviewed shall be signed by the responsible
producer and a licensed veterinarian and forwarded to the department.
(i) If a producer ships milk testing positive
for drug residue three times within a 12-month period, the department shall
initiate administrative procedures to suspend the producer's milk shipping
privileges .
(j) Record of tests.
(i) Accurate records listing the results of
drug residue tests for each load and individual producer shall be kept on file
at the plant.
(ii) Drug residue
test results are to be kept for 12- months.
(iii) Notifications to the department of
positive drug residue tests and intended and final dispositions of milk testing
positive for drug residue are to be kept for 12 months.
(7) Pesticides.
(a) Composite milk samples shall be sampled
and tested for pesticides at a frequency that the department determines is
adequate to protect the consumer.
(b) The test results from the samples shall
not exceed established FDA limits.
(c) If a pesticide test is positive, an
investigation shall be made to determine the cause and the cause shall be
corrected.
(d) Milk and milk
products containing residues in excess of actionable levels shall not be
offered for sale.
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