Texas Administrative Code
Title 26 - HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Part 1 - HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES COMMISSION
Chapter 554 - NURSING FACILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR LICENSURE AND MEDICAID CERTIFICATION
Subchapter E - RESIDENT RIGHTS
Section 554.405 - Additional Requirements for Trust Funds in Medicaid-certified Facilities

Universal Citation: 26 TX Admin Code § 554.405

Current through Reg. 50, No. 13; March 28, 2025

(a) Deposit of funds. The facility must keep funds received from a resident for holding, safeguarding, and accounting, separate from the facility's funds.

(1) This separate account must be identified "(Name of Facility), Resident's Trust Fund Account," or by a similar designation that shows a fiduciary relationship exists between a resident and the facility.

(2) A facility may commingle the trust funds of Medicaid residents and private-pay residents.

(3) If the funds are commingled, the facility must provide, upon request, the following records to HHSC, the Texas Office of the Attorney General Medicaid Fraud Control Unit, and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services:

(A) copies of release forms signed and dated by each private-pay resident or resident representative whose funds are commingled; and

(B) legible copies of the trust fund records of private-pay residents whose funds are commingled.

(4) The facility must maintain the forms and records described in paragraph (3) of this subsection in the same manner as the financial records of Medicaid residents as specified in this section.

(5) A facility must ensure that a release form described in paragraph (3)(A) of this subsection:

(A) includes permission for the facility to maintain trust fund records of private-pay residents in the same manner as those of Medicaid residents;

(B) is obtained from a private-pay resident upon admission or at the time of request for trust fund services; and

(C) includes a provision allowing inspection of the private-pay resident's trust fund records by the agencies described in paragraph (3) of this subsection.

(b) Funds in excess of $50. The facility must deposit any residents' personal funds in excess of $50 in an interest-bearing account (or accounts) that is separate from any of the facility's operating accounts and that credits all interest earned on the residents' funds to that account. In pooled accounts, there must be a separate accounting for each resident's share.

(c) Funds less than $50. The facility may maintain a resident's personal funds that do not exceed $50 in a noninterest-bearing account, interest-bearing account, or petty cash fund.

(d) Accounting and records.

(1) The facility must:

(A) establish and maintain current, written, individual records of all financial transactions involving a resident's personal funds that the facility is holding, safeguarding, and accounting;

(B) keep these records in accordance with:

(i) the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' Generally Accepted Accounting Principles; and

(ii) the requirements of law for a fiduciary relationship; and

(i) resident's name;

(ii) identification of the resident's representative payee and resident representative, and payor source;

(iii) valid letter of guardianship, if any;

(iv) valid power of attorney, if any;

(v) resident's admission and discharge dates;

(vi) resident's trust fund ledger containing the following:

(I) description of each transaction;

(II) the date and amount of each deposit and withdrawal;

(III) the name of the person who accepted any withdrawn funds;

(IV) the balance after each transaction; and

(V) amount of interest earned, posted at least quarterly;

(vii) receipts for purchases and payments, including cash-register tapes or sales statements from a seller;

(viii) written requests for personal funds from the trust fund account; and

(ix) written requests for specific brands, items, or services.

(2) The facility must maintain the following as general trust fund records:

(A) valid trust fund trial balance;

(B) petty cash logs;

(D) trust fund checkbook and register;

(E) trust fund account monthly reconciliations;

(F) trust fund bank account agreement form;

(G) applied income ledgers;

(H) applied income payment plans from HHSC;

(I) proof of surety bond;

(J) written agreements (e.g., bed hold, private room); and

(K) facility census, admission, discharge, and leave records.

(3) A resident must approve a withdrawal from the resident's personal funds by signing a document that shows the resident's approval and the date of the approval.

(4) Except as provided in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, a facility must obtain a receipt for the purchase of an item or service.

(A) The receipt must contain:

(i) the resident's name;

(ii) the date the receipt was written or created;

(iii) the amount of funds spent;

(iv) the specific item or service purchased;

(v) the name of the business from which the purchase was made; and

(vi) the signature of the resident.

(B) A receipt is not required if:

(i) a purchase is made with funds withdrawn in accordance with paragraph (3) of this subsection;

(ii) a purchase is made by the resident, a resident representative, or an individual, other than facility personnel, authorized in writing by the resident; or

(iii) the item purchased costs one dollar or less.

(5) If a facility cannot obtain the signature of a resident as required by paragraph (3) or (4)(A)(vi) of this subsection, the facility must obtain the signature of a witness. The witness may not be the person responsible for accounting for the resident's trust funds, that person's supervisor, or the person who accepts the withdrawn funds or who sells the item being purchased. The facility and HHSC staff must be able to identify the witness's name, address, and relationship to the resident or facility.

(e) Notice of certain balances. The facility must notify each resident that receives Medicaid benefits:

(1) if the amount in the resident's account reaches $200 less than Supplemental Security Income (SSI) resource limit for one person, specified in §1611(a)(3)(B) of the Social Security Act; and

(2) that, if the amount in the account, in addition to the value of the resident's other nonexempt resources, reaches the SSI resource limit for one person, the resident may lose eligibility for Medicaid or SSI.

(f) Conveyance upon death.

(1) Upon the death of a resident with a personal fund deposited with the facility, the facility must convey, within 30 days after the date of the death, the resident's funds and a final accounting of those funds to the individual or probate jurisdiction administering the resident's estate, or make a bona fide effort to locate the resident representative or heir to the estate.

(2) If a facility is not able to convey funds in accordance with paragraph (1) of this subsection, the facility must, within 30 days after the resident's death;

(A) hold the funds by depositing them in a separate account or maintaining them in an existing account, designating on the account records that the resident is deceased; or

(B) submit funds to HHSC in accordance with paragraph (4) of this subsection.

(3) If the facility holds funds in accordance with paragraph (2)(A) of this subsection:

(A) the facility must provide HHSC with a notarized affidavit that contains:

(i) the resident's name;

(ii) the amount of funds being held;

(iii) a description of the facility's efforts to locate a resident representative or heir;

(iv) a statement acknowledging that the funds are not the property of the facility, but the property of the deceased resident's estate; and

(v) a statement that the facility will hold the funds until they are conveyed to a resident representative or heir or submitted to HHSC in accordance with paragraph (4) of this subsection;

(B) the facility must submit the funds to HHSC in accordance with paragraph (4) of this subsection within 180 days after the resident's death; and

(C) funds held by a facility in accordance with this paragraph may be monitored or reviewed by HHSC or the Office of Inspector General.

(4) A facility must submit unclaimed funds to HHSC, Accounts Receivable.

(A) The funds must be identified as money that will escheat to the state.

(B) If the facility held the funds in accordance with paragraph (3) of this subsection, the facility must include the notarized affidavit described in paragraph (3)(A) of this subsection.

(g) Assurance of financial security. The facility must purchase a surety bond, or otherwise provide assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of Health and Human Services to ensure the security of all personal funds of residents deposited with the facility.

(1) The amount of a surety bond must equal the average monthly balance of all the facility's resident trust fund accounts for the 12-month period preceding the bond issuance or renewal date.

(2) Resident trust fund accounts are specific only to the single facility purchasing a resident trust fund surety bond.

(3) If a facility employee is responsible for the loss of funds in a resident's trust fund account, the resident, the resident's family, and the resident representative are not obligated to make any payments to the facility that would have been made out of the trust fund had the loss not occurred.

(h) Items and services that may not be charged to a resident's personal funds.

(1) The facility may not impose a charge against the personal funds of a resident for any item or service for which payment is made under Medicaid or Medicare.

(2) Items or services included in Medicare or Medicaid payment that may not be billed to the resident's personal funds by the facility include:

(A) nursing services as required in § 554.1001 of this chapter (relating to Nursing Services);

(B) dietary services as required in § 554.1101 of this chapter (relating to Food and Nutrition Services);

(D) room and bed maintenance services;

(E) routine personal hygiene items and services as required to meet the needs of the resident, including:

(i) hair hygiene supplies, including shampoo, comb, and brush;

(ii) bath soaps, disinfecting soaps, or specialized cleansing agents when indicated to treat special skin problems or to fight infection;

(iii) razor and shaving cream;

(iv) toothbrush, toothpaste, and dental floss;

(v) denture adhesive and denture cleanser;

(vi) moisturizing lotion;

(vii) tissues, cotton balls, and cotton swabs;

(viii) deodorant;

(ix) incontinent care and supplies, to include cloth or disposable incontinent briefs;

(x) sanitary napkins and related supplies;

(xi) towels and washcloths;

(xii) hospital gowns;

(xiii) over-the-counter drugs;

(xiv) hair and nail hygiene services; and

(xv) personal laundry; and

(F) medically-related social services as required in § 554.703 of this chapter (relating to Social Services General Requirements).

(3) A facility must base necessity for, and type of incontinent brief described in paragraph (2)(E)(ix) of this subsection on an assessment of the resident's medical and psychosocial condition and resulting determination.

(i) Items and services that may be charged to a resident's personal funds. The facility may charge a resident for requested services that are more expensive than or in excess of covered services in accordance with § 554.2601 of this chapter (relating to Vendor Payment (Items and Services Included)). The following list contains general categories and examples of items and services that the facility may charge to a resident's personal funds if they are requested by a resident, if the facility informs the resident that there will be a charge, and if payment is not made by Medicare or Medicaid:

(1) telephone;

(2) television or radio for personal use;

(3) personal comfort items, including smoking materials, notions and novelties, and confections;

(4) cosmetics and grooming items and services in excess of those for which payment is made under Medicare or Medicaid;

(5) personal clothing;

(6) personal reading material;

(7) gifts purchased on behalf of a resident;

(8) flowers and plants;

(9) social events and entertainment offered outside the scope of the activities program, provided under § 554.702 of this chapter;

(10) noncovered special care services, such as privately hired nurses and aides;

(11) private room, except when therapeutically required, such as isolation for infection control;

(12) specially-prepared or alternative food requested instead of the food generally prepared by the facility, as required in § 554.1101 of this chapter; and

(13) incontinent briefs if the resident representative submits a written request to the facility and the attending physician and director of nurses (DON) determine and document in the clinical record that there is no medical or psychosocial need for supplies.

(j) Request for items or services that may be charged to a resident's personal funds.

(1) The facility can only charge a resident for an item or service not included under § 554.2601 of this chapter if the resident or the resident representative specifically requests the item or service.

(2) The facility must not require a resident or resident representative to request any item or service as a condition of admission or continued stay.

(3) The facility must inform, orally and in writing, the resident or resident representative, when the resident or resident representative requests an item or service for which a charge will be made, that there will be a charge for the item or service and the amount of the charge.

(k) Access to financial record. The individual financial record must be available on request to the resident, resident representative, and representative.

(l) Quarterly statement.

(1) The individual financial record must be available, through quarterly statements and on request, to the resident, representative payee, and resident representative.

(2) The statement must reflect any resident's funds that the facility has deposited in an account as well as any resident's funds held by the facility in a petty cash account.

(3) The statement must include at least the following:

(A) balance at the beginning of the statement period;

(B) total deposits and withdrawals;

(D) bank name and location of any account in which the resident's personal funds have been deposited; and

(E) ending balance.

(m) Banking charges.

(1) Charges for checks, deposit slips, and services for pooled checking accounts are the responsibility of the facility and may not be charged to the resident or resident representative.

(2) Bank service charges and charges for checks and deposit slips may be deducted from the individual checking accounts if it is the resident's written, individual choice to have this type of account.

(3) Bank fees on individual accounts established solely for the convenience of the facility are the responsibility of the facility and may not be charged to the resident or resident representative.

(4) The facility may not charge the resident or resident for the administrative handling of either type of account.

(5) If the facility places any part of the resident's funds in savings accounts, certificates of deposit, or any other plan whereby interest or other benefits are accrued, the facility must distribute the interest or benefit to participating residents on an equitable basis. If pooled accounts are used, interest must be prorated on the basis of actual earnings or end-of-quarter balances.

(n) Access to funds.

(1) Disbursements from the trust fund.

(A) A request for funds from the trust fund or trust fund petty cash box may be made, either orally or in writing, by the resident, or resident representative to cover a resident's expenses.

(B) The facility must respond to a request received during normal business hours at the time of the request.

(C) The facility must respond to a request received during hours other than normal business hours immediately at the beginning of the next normal business hours.

(2) Discontinuing trust fund participation.

(A) If a resident or resident representative requests that the facility discontinue managing the resident's personal funds, the facility must return to the resident or resident representative all the resident's personal funds held by the facility, including any interest accrued.

(B) If the request is made during normal business hours, the facility must immediately return the funds.

(C) If the request is made during hours other than normal business hours, the facility must return the funds immediately during the next normal business hours.

(3) Transfer or discharge. If a resident is transferred or discharged from a facility, the facility must, within five working days after the transfer or discharge, return to the resident or resident representative all the resident's personal funds held by the facility, including any interest accrued.

(4) For purposes of this subsection, normal business hours are 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding national holidays.

(o) Handling of monthly benefits. If the Social Security Administration has determined that a Title II and Title XVI SSI benefit to which the resident is entitled should be paid through a representative payee, the provisions in 20 CFR §§ 404.2001- 404.2065, for Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance benefits and 20 CFR §§ 416.601 - 416.665, for SSI benefits apply.

(p) Change of ownership. If the ownership of a facility changes, the former owner must transfer the bank balances or trust funds to the new owner with a list of the residents and their balances. The former owner must get a receipt from the new owner for the transfer of these funds. The former owner must keep this receipt for monitoring or audit purposes.

(q) Alternate forms of documentation. Without HHSC's prior written approval, a facility may not submit alternate forms of documentation, including affidavits, to verify a resident's personal fund expenditures or as proof of compliance with any requirements specified in these requirements for the resident's personal funds.

(r) Limitation on certain charges. A nursing facility may not impose charges for certain Medicaid-eligible individuals, for nursing facility services that exceed the per diem amount established by HHSC for such services. "Certain Medicaid-eligible individuals" means an individual who is entitled to medical assistance for nursing facility services, but for whom such benefits are not being paid because, in determining the individual's income to be applied monthly to the payment for the costs of nursing facility services, the amount of such income exceeds the payment amounts established by HHSC.

(s) Trust fund monitoring and audits.

(1) HHSC may periodically monitor all trust fund accounts to ensure compliance with this section. HHSC notifies a facility of monitoring plans and gives a report of the findings to the facility.

(2) HHSC may, as a result of monitoring, refer a facility to the Office of Inspector General (OIG) for an audit.

(3) The facility must provide all records and other documents required by subsection (d) of this section to HHSC upon request.

(4) HHSC provides the facility with a report of the findings, which may include corrective actions that the facility must take and internal control recommendations that the facility may follow.

(5) The facility may request an informal review in accordance with subsection (t) of this section or a formal hearing in accordance with subsection (u) of this section to dispute the report of findings.

(6) If the facility does not request an informal review or a formal hearing and the report of findings requires corrective actions, the facility must complete corrective actions within 60 days after receiving the report of findings.

(7) If the facility does not complete corrective actions required by HHSC within 60 days after receiving the report of findings, HHSC may impose a vendor hold on payments due to the facility under the provider agreement until the facility completes corrective actions.

(8) If HHSC imposes a vendor hold in accordance with paragraph (7) of this subsection, the facility may request a formal hearing in accordance with subsection (u)(5) of this section. If the failure to correct is upheld, HHSC continues the vendor hold until the facility completes the corrective actions.

(t) Informal review.

(1) A facility that disputes the report of findings described in subsection (s)(4) of this section may request an informal review under this section. The purpose of an informal review is to provide for the informal and efficient resolution of the matters in dispute and is conducted according to the following procedures.

(A) HHSC must receive a written request for an informal review by United States mail, hand delivery, special mail delivery, or fax no later than 15 days after the date on the written notification of the report of findings described in subsection (s)(4) of this section. If the 15th day is a Saturday, Sunday, national holiday, or state holiday, then the first day following the 15th day is the final day the written request will be accepted. A request for an informal review that is not received by the stated deadline is not granted.

(B) A facility must submit a written request for an informal review to the HHSC Trust Fund Monitoring Unit.

(i) submit a concise statement of the specific findings it disputes;

(ii) specify the procedures or rules that were not followed;

(iii) identify the affected cases;

(iv) describe the reason the findings are being disputed; and

(v) include supporting information and documentation that directly demonstrates that each disputed finding is not correct.

(D) HHSC does not grant a request for an informal review that does not meet the requirements of this subsection.

(2) Informal review process. Upon receipt of a request for an informal review, the Trust Fund Monitoring Unit Manager coordinates the review of the information submitted.

(A) Additional information may be requested by HHSC and must be received in writing no later than 15 days after the date the facility receives the written request for additional information. If the 15th day is a Saturday, Sunday, national holiday, or state holiday, then the first day following the 15th day is the final day the additional information will be accepted.

(B) HHSC sends its written decision to the facility by certified mail, return receipt requested.

(i) If the original findings are upheld, HHSC continues the schedule of deficiencies and requirement for corrective action.

(ii) If the original findings are reversed, HHSC issues a corrected schedule of deficiencies with the written decision.

(iii) If the original findings are revised, HHSC issues a revised schedule of deficiencies including any revised corrective action.

(iv) If the original findings are upheld or revised, the facility may request a formal hearing in accordance with subsection (u) of this section.

(v) If the original findings are upheld or revised and the facility does not request a formal hearing, the facility has 60 days from the date of receipt of the written decision to complete the corrective actions. If the facility does not complete the corrective actions by that date, HHSC may impose a vendor hold. If HHSC imposes a vendor hold, the facility may request a formal hearing in accordance with subsection (u)(5) of this section. If the failure to correct is upheld, HHSC continues the vendor hold until the facility completes the corrective action.

(u) Formal hearing.

(1) The facility must submit a written request for a formal hearing under this section to the HHSC Appeals Division.

(2) The written request for a formal hearing must be received within 15 days after:

(A) the date on the written notification of the report of findings described in subsection (s)(4) of this section; or

(B) the facility receives the written decision sent as described in subsection (t)(2)(B) of this section.

(3) A formal hearing is conducted in accordance with Texas Administrative Code, Title 1, Chapter 357, Subchapter I (relating to Hearings Under the Administrative Procedure Act).

(4) No later than 60 days after a final determination is issued as a result of a formal hearing requested by a facility under subsection (s)(8) or (t)(2)(B)(iv) of this section, the facility must complete any corrective action required by HHSC or be subject to a vendor hold on payments due to the facility under the provider agreement until the facility completes corrective action. If HHSC imposes a vendor hold, the facility may request a formal hearing in accordance with paragraph (5) of this subsection. If the failure to correct is upheld, HHSC continues the vendor hold until the facility completes the corrective action.

(5) If HHSC imposes a vendor hold under subsections (s)(7), (t)(2)(B)(v), or (u)(4) of this section, the facility may request a formal hearing within 15 days after receiving notice of the correction failure and the vendor hold. The formal hearing is limited to the issue of whether the facility completed the corrective action.

Disclaimer: These regulations may not be the most recent version. Texas may have more current or accurate information. We make no warranties or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained on this site or the information linked to on the state site. Please check official sources.

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