(a) Patient rights
requirements for all hospitals.
(1) A
hospital shall adopt, implement, and enforce a policy to ensure patients'
rights. The written policy shall include:
(A)
the right of the patient to the hospital's reasonable response to his or her
requests and needs for treatment or service, within the hospital's capacity,
its stated mission, and applicable law and regulation;
(B) the right of the patient to considerate
and respectful care:
(i) the care of the
patient includes consideration of the psychosocial, spiritual, and cultural
variables that influence the perceptions of illness;
(ii) the care of the dying patient optimizes
the comfort and dignity of the patient through:
(I) treating primary and secondary symptoms
that respond to treatment as desired by the patient or surrogate decision
maker;
(II) effectively managing
pain; and
(III) acknowledging the
psychosocial and spiritual concerns of the patient and the family regarding
dying and the expression of grief by the patient and family;
(C) the right of the
patient, in collaboration with his or her physician, to make decisions
involving his or her health care, to include the following:
(i) the right of the patient to accept
medical care or to refuse treatment to the extent permitted by law and to be
informed of the medical consequences of such refusal; and
(ii) the right of the patient to formulate
advance directives and to appoint a surrogate to make health care decisions on
his or her behalf to the extent permitted by law. Advance directives are
written instructions recognized under state law relating to the provision of
health care when individuals are unable to communicate their wishes regarding
medical treatment. The advance directive may be a written document authorizing
an agent or surrogate to make decisions on an individual's behalf (a medical
power of attorney for health care), a written or verbal statement (a living
will), or some other form of instruction recognized under state law
specifically addressing the provisions of health care;
(I) a hospital shall have in place a
mechanism to ascertain the existence of, and, as appropriate, assist in the
development of advance directives at the time of the patient's
admission;
(II) the provision of
care shall not be conditioned on the existence of an advance directive;
and
(III) an advance directive(s)
shall be in the patient's medical record and shall be reviewed periodically
with the patient or surrogate decision maker if the patient has executed an
advance directive;
(D) the right of the patient to the
information necessary to enable him or her to make treatment decisions that
reflect his or her wishes; a policy on informed decision making shall be
adopted, implemented and enforced by the medical staff and governing body and
shall be consistent with any legal requirements;
(E) the right of the patient to receive, at
the time of admission, information about the hospital's patient rights
policy(ies) and the mechanism for the initiation, review, and when possible,
resolution of patient complaints concerning the quality of care;
(F) the right of the patient or the patient's
designated representative to participate in the consideration of ethical issues
that arise in the care of the patient. The hospital shall have a mechanism for
the consideration of ethical issues arising in the care of patients and to
provide education to care givers and patients on ethical issues in health
care;
(G) the right of the patient
to be informed of any human experimentation or other research or educational
projects affecting his or her care or treatment;
(H) the right of the patient, within the
limits of law, to personal privacy and confidentiality of
information;
(I) the right of the
patient or the patient's legally designated representative access to the
information contained in the patient's medical record, within the limits of the
law; and
(J) the right of the
patient's guardian, next of kin, or legally authorized responsible person to
exercise, to the extent permitted by law, the rights delineated on behalf of
the patient if the patient:
(i) has been
adjudicated incompetent in accordance with the law;
(ii) is found by his or her physician to be
medically incapable of understanding the proposed treatment or
procedure;
(iii) is unable to
communicate his or her wishes regarding treatment; or
(iv) is a minor.
(2) The hospital patient's bill of
rights shall be prominently and conspicuously posted for display in a public
area of the facility that is readily available to patients, residents,
employees, and visitors.