Texas Administrative Code
Title 19 - EDUCATION
Part 2 - TEXAS EDUCATION AGENCY
Chapter 116 - TEXAS ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS FOR PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Subchapter B - MIDDLE SCHOOL
Section 116.26 - Physical Education, Grade 6, Adopted 2020
Universal Citation: 19 TX Admin Code ยง 116.26
Current through Reg. 49, No. 38; September 20, 2024
(a) Introduction.
(1) Physical education is the foundation of a
well-balanced curriculum. It is an academic subject with a planned and
sequential K-12 curriculum based on the national standards for physical
education. Physical education provides cognitive content and instruction
designed to develop motor skills, knowledge, and behaviors for physical
activity and physical fitness. Supporting schools to establish daily physical
education can provide students with the ability and confidence to be physically
active for a lifetime (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), CDC
Healthy Schools, May 2019).
(A) Physical
education is designed to develop motor skills, knowledge, and behaviors for
active living, physical fitness, sportsmanship, self-efficacy, and emotional
intelligence. Physical education addresses the three domains of learning:
cognitive skills related to the knowledge of movement, affective skills related
to feelings and attitudes about movement, and psychomotor skills related to the
manual or physical skills in movement literacy (SHAPE America, 2014, p.
4).
(B) Physically literate
students have the ability to develop a lifetime of wellness. Physical literacy
can be described as the ability to move with competence and confidence, to
acquire knowledge and understanding, and to value and take responsibility for
engagement in a wide variety of physical activities in multiple environments
that benefit the healthy development of the whole person (Mandigo, Francis,
Lodewyk & Lopez, 2012, and Whitehead, 2016).
(C) Research shows physical education is
important to the development of the whole child and increases a lifetime of
wellness. The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development and the
National Academy of Medicine support the belief that physical education, taught
at a developmentally appropriate level, improves physical fitness and skill
development, supports and improves academic achievement, reinforces
self-discipline and teacher goal setting, reduces stress and increases blood
flow to the brain, strengthens peer relationships, and improves self-confidence
and self-esteem.
(2) The
physical education standards are categorized into five strands that are of
equal importance and value. The movement patterns and movement skills strand
guides the physically literate student in the development of fundamental
movement patterns, spatial and body awareness, and rhythmic activities. The
performance strategies strand guides the physically literate student in
utilizing strategies in fundamental components of games, activities, and
outdoor and recreational pursuits. The health, physical activity, and fitness
strand encompasses health-related fitness, environmental awareness, and safety
practices that guide students to a health-enhancing, physically active
lifestyle. The physically literate student demonstrates skills and mechanics
used during physical activity and analyzes data used during fitness
performance. The physically literate student recognizes the correlation between
nutrition, hydration, and physical activity. The social and emotional health
strand incorporates working with others, responding to class expectations, and
applying self-management skills. The lifetime wellness strand engages students
in physical activity for the purposes of self-expression, enjoyment, and
challenge.
(3) Quality physical
education programs include a comprehensive curriculum, physical activity,
safety policies, safe environments, qualified physical education specialists
instructing the class, and student assessment and do not use physical activity
as a form of punishment. Texas state law outlines state requirements that
support these essential components. In accordance with state law, physical
education curriculum and instruction must be sequential, developmentally
appropriate, and designed to meet the needs of all students, including students
with disabilities and of all physical ability levels. At least 50% of the
physical education class must be used for actual student physical activity at a
moderate or vigorous intensity level, which aligns with additional state
requirements for a minimum number of minutes for moderate or vigorous physical
activity in Kindergarten-Grade 8. Required student-to-teacher ratios of 45-to-1
ensure the proper supervision and safety of students in physical education
classes, and school districts must identify how student safety will be
maintained if that ratio is exceeded. State law also requires that school
districts and charter schools annually assess the physical fitness of students
in Grade 3 or higher who are enrolled in a physical education course.
(4) Access to age-appropriate physical
education equipment is essential to quality instruction. Basic, age-appropriate
equipment for all students is imperative for the development of motor skills,
manipulative skills, and eventually becoming a physically literate, lifelong
learner. Without basic, age-appropriate equipment, students will not have the
necessary experiences to become physically literate, lifelong learners. All
equipment should be age appropriate for the grade levels to be taught. The term
age appropriate means that the equipment must include a variety of sizes,
weights, and textures to provide differentiated experiences for students of
various ages and ability levels. Basic equipment for quality instruction
includes, but is not limited to, the following: sports balls, including fleece
balls, foam balls, tennis balls, beach balls, volleyballs, basketballs, soccer
balls, footballs, baseballs, softballs, and unity balls; striking implements,
including golf clubs, hockey sticks, baseball bats, pool noodles, tennis
rackets, racquetball rackets, pickleball paddles, lollipop paddles, and ping
pong paddles; goals for various sports, including soccer goals and basketball
goals; nets and standards for a variety of sports, including volleyball,
pickleball, badminton, and tennis; fitness-related equipment; other basic
equipment, including scarves, bean bags, hula hoops, jump ropes, and scooters;
classroom management equipment, including cones, mats, pinnies, poly spots, and
ball inflators; and technology, including microphones, projectors, speakers,
heart rate monitors, timers, and other technology appropriate for
instruction.
(5) In Grades 6-8
physical education, students apply sport concepts; recognize key elements for
success; develop plans for health-related fitness, skill-related fitness, and
skill improvement; apply knowledge of safety practices and self-management; and
understand in greater detail the function of the body. Students learn to use
technology to assist in measuring and monitoring personal performance. An
emphasis is placed on opportunities for participation, activity choices,
enjoyment, and challenge, both in and out of school.
(6) Statements that contain the word
including reference content that must be mastered, while those containing the
phrase such as are intended as possible illustrative examples.
(b) Knowledge and skills.
(1) Movement patterns and movement
skills--locomotor skills. The physically literate student demonstrates
competency in fundamental movement patterns and developmentally appropriate
locomotor skills. The student is expected to:
(A) perform a variety of locomotor skills and
combinations during dynamic activities and games; and
(B) demonstrate correct jumping and landing
technique during dynamic activities, game situations, and sports.
(2) Movement patterns and movement
skills--non-locomotor skills. The physically literate student demonstrates
competency in fundamental movement patterns and developmentally appropriate
non-locomotor skills. The student is expected to:
(A) demonstrate balance with control during
dynamic activities and games; and
(B) demonstrate proper body positioning,
proficiency, footwork, and offensive and defensive skills during dynamic
activities and games.
(3) Movement patterns and movement
skills--manipulative skills. The physically literate student demonstrates
competency in developmentally appropriate manipulative skills. The student is
expected to:
(A) demonstrate correct
technique when throwing to a moving target;
(B) demonstrate correct catching technique
from different levels and trajectories with a variety of objects;
(C) demonstrate correct hand dribbling
technique when changing both speed and direction while maintaining ball
control;
(D) demonstrate correct
foot dribbling technique with control while changing both speed and direction
during dynamic activities and game situations;
(E) demonstrate correct technique in kicking
and punting with accuracy during dynamic activities and lead-up
games;
(F) demonstrate correct
technique in volleying to a target with control and accuracy;
(G) demonstrate correct technique when
striking an object with speed, accuracy, force, and distance using a hand or
handled implement during dynamic activities and lead-up games; and
(H) create and perform a jump rope routine
using a variety of advanced skills.
(4) Movement patterns and movement
skills--spatial and body awareness. The physically literate student
demonstrates competency in spatial and body awareness including pathways,
shapes, levels, speed, direction, and force. The student is expected to:
(A) demonstrate the appropriate use of open
space and closing space during dynamic activities, games, and sports;
and
(B) apply speed, direction, and
force with a long-handled implement during dynamic activities, games, and
sports.
(5) Movement
patterns and movement skills--rhythmic activities. The physically literate
student demonstrates competency in rhythmic activities and rhythmic
combinations. The student is expected to perform rhythmic routines with
intermediate steps and movement patterns.
(6) Performance strategies--games and
activities. The physically literate student demonstrates competency in
performance strategies in invasion, target, net or wall, fielding, striking,
and cooperative games. The student is expected to:
(A) demonstrate offensive and defensive
strategies used in net or wall, invasion, target, striking, and fielding
games;
(B) demonstrate combinations
of locomotor, manipulative, and game skills in dynamic activities to achieve
individual or team goals; and
(C)
demonstrate appropriate sporting behavior with teammates, opponents, and
officials.
(7)
Performance strategies--outdoor and recreational pursuits. The physically
literate student demonstrates competency in outdoor and recreational pursuits.
The student is expected to participate in self-selected, organized outdoor
recreational skills, activities, and games.
(8) Health, physical activity, and
fitness--fitness principles. The physically literate student demonstrates and
recognizes a health-enhancing, physically active lifestyle. The student is
expected to:
(A) describe the long-term
benefits of moderate to vigorous physical activity on overall health and
wellness;
(B) describe the
frequency, intensity, time, and type (FITT) principle and how it improves
fitness in relation to aerobic and anaerobic activities; and
(C) describe health-related and skill-related
fitness components and their impact on personal fitness.
(9) Health, physical activity, and
fitness--analyze data. The physically literate student demonstrates competency
in the ability to analyze data used during fitness performance. The student is
expected to:
(A) develop an individual
fitness plan using personal fitness goals; and
(B) analyze results of fitness assessments to
identify strategies for self-improvement.
(10) Health, physical activity, and
fitness--nutrition and hydration. The physically literate student recognizes
the correlation between nutrition, hydration, and physical activity. The
student is expected to:
(A) identify
macronutrients, including carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and examine their
relationship to optimal physical performance; and
(B) identify how environmental temperature
and humidity each contribute to dehydration and heat illness.
(11) Health, physical activity,
and fitness--environmental awareness and safety practices. The physically
literate student demonstrates competency in environmental awareness and
understands safety practices. The student is expected to:
(A) perform, without cue, the selection and
use of proper attire and safety equipment that promote safe participation and
prevent injury in dynamic activities, games, and sports; and
(B) perform, without cue, the correct safety
precautions, including water, sun, cycling, skating, and scooter
safety.
(12) Social and
emotional health--personal responsibility and self-management. The physically
literate student demonstrates competency in personal responsibility. The
student is expected to:
(A) explain the
importance of and accept responsibility for personal actions that affect self
and others during game situations and sports;
(B) explain the importance of and demonstrate
respect for differences and similarities in abilities of self and others during
dynamic activities and lead-up games; and
(C) apply self-management skills to
demonstrate self-control of impulses and emotions, without cue, during games,
situations, and sports.
(13) Social and emotional health--resolving
conflict and social interaction. The physically literate student demonstrates
competency in resolving conflict and social interaction. The student is
expected to:
(A) discuss the importance of and
resolve conflict, without cue, in socially acceptable ways, and respond to
winning and losing with dignity and understanding;
(B) explain and demonstrate effective
communication to enhance healthy interactions while settling disagreements;
and
(C) demonstrate empathy and
mutual respect for the feelings of others.
(14) Social and emotional
health--perseverance. The physically literate student perseveres while
addressing challenges. The student is expected to discuss the importance of
accepting individual challenges and demonstrate self-management skills to
persevere in a positive manner during game situations and sports.
(15) Social and emotional health--accepting
and providing constructive feedback. The physically literate student accepts
and provides constructive feedback. The student is expected to analyze feedback
to make appropriate changes to improve performance.
(16) Lifetime wellness--application of
lifetime wellness. The physically literate student identifies the value of
lifetime wellness. The student is expected to:
(A) develop a plan using available technology
to participate in moderate to vigorous physical activity for a sustained period
of time on a regular basis; and
(B)
describe how participation in a variety of physical activities builds
confidence and increases personal enjoyment.
Disclaimer: These regulations may not be the most recent version. Texas may have more current or accurate information. We make no warranties or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained on this site or the information linked to on the state site. Please check official sources.
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