Rules & Regulations of the State of Tennessee
Title 0240 - Board of Regents
Subtitle 0240-02 - Systemwide Student Rules
Chapter 0240-02-10 - Title IX Compliance
Section 0240-02-10-.05 - INVESTIGATIONS AND OUTCOMES
Universal Citation: TN Comp Rules and Regs 0240-02-10-.05
Current through September 24, 2024
(1) Intake and Assessment of Formal Complaints
(a) The Title
IX Coordinator will assess the nature of reports and formal complaints,
including whether one (1) or more allegations meet the criteria for the filing
of a formal complaint. Formal complaints that include some allegations that, if
proved, constitute sexual harassment and some that do not meet that definition
will be investigated pursuant to these and other applicable rules, procedures,
and processes and adjudicated in accordance with these and other applicable
rules, procedures, and processes. As appropriate, the Title IX Coordinator may
initiate proceedings under these rules, refer the matter to another department,
and/or inform the complainant about the availability of other methods to
address the allegations.
(b) As
part of the assessment, the Title IX Coordinator or designee may contact the
complainant and ask for information about the allegations. Supporting
documents, such as emails, photos, text messages, and any other evidence should
be preserved. If witnesses were present or have relevant knowledge, it is
important to identify them, state what they may know, and inform the
investigator how they can be contacted.
(c) Where formal complaints involving more
than one (1) complainant and/or more than one (1) respondent arise out of the
same facts and circumstances, the Title IX Coordinator may consolidate formal
complaints.
(d) If it appears,
based on an allegation of sexual harassment, that a student may constitute an
immediate and direct threat to the physical health or safety of another
individual, the institution will conduct an individualized inquiry and risk
analysis and may place the student on interim suspension on an emergency basis.
If the institution implements an interim suspension, the student shall be given
the opportunity at the time of the decision, or as soon thereafter as
reasonably possible, to contest the interim suspension. Institutions shall
follow the procedures set forth in TBR's Rules for Student Conduct and
Disciplinary Sanctions, Chapter 0240-02-03, related to interim
suspensions.
(e) Participation in
the formal complaint process by a complainant, respondent, institution, or
other person does not waive applicable privileges, including attorney-client
privilege, doctor-patient privilege, the peer review/quality improvement
privilege, etc. The holder of a privilege may waive it in certain
circumstances.
(f) There shall be
no separate procedure for investigating and resolving complaints of sexual
harassment involving student-athletes or any other subgroup of
students.
(2) Notice of Allegations
(a) Upon receipt of a formal
complaint, the Title IX Coordinator will provide written notice to known
parties. A notice of allegations will be provided even if the formal complaint
is dismissed at the same time or shortly after the notice of allegations issues
(e.g., the allegations if proven do not meet the definition of sexual
harassment). The notice of allegations will enable both parties to appeal the
dismissal or to proceed under another rule. The notice of allegations shall
contain:
1. An explanation of the
investigation and grievance process;
2. The availability of an informal resolution
process;
3. Explanation of the
allegations potentially constituting sexual harassment in sufficient detail and
with sufficient time to prepare a response before any initial interview. A
respondent will have at least three (3) business days after issuance of a
notice of allegations prior to an initial interview, but depending on the
nature of the allegations, additional time may be offered or
requested;
4. The identity of the
parties involved in the incident, if known, and the date and location of the
alleged incident;
5. A statement
that the respondent is presumed not responsible for the alleged conduct unless
and until a determination of responsibility has been issued;
6. A statement that the parties may have an
advisor of their choice at meetings they are permitted to attend. The advisor
may be, but is not required to be, an attorney. (Parties may hire their own
attorneys. At a live hearing only, TBR institutions will provide advisors to
parties who do not have their own advisor);
7. Any prohibitions against knowingly making
false statements or knowingly submitting false information; and
8. A statement that retaliation against a
person who makes a report or files a complaint, participates or assists in an
investigation, encourages another to file a complaint, or opposes sexual
harassment is prohibited and will result in disciplinary sanctions, up to and
including dismissal.
(b)
If, during the course of an investigation, the institution decides to
investigate allegations about the complainant or respondent that are not
included in the notice of allegations, the institution will provide additional
written notice of allegations to known parties.
(3) Dismissal of Formal Complaints
(a) If the Title IX Coordinator concludes
that the Complainant was not participating in or attempting to participate in
an institutional education program or activity at the time of the formal
complaint or that the conduct alleged in a formal complaint would not
constitute sexual harassment even if proved, did not occur in an institution's
education program or activity, or did not occur against a person while in the
United States, the Title IX Coordinator shall dismiss the formal
complaint.
(b) The Title IX
Coordinator has discretion to dismiss a formal complaint or any allegations in
it, if at any time during the investigation or hearing a complainant notifies
the Title IX Coordinator in writing that the complainant would like to withdraw
the formal complaint or any allegations in it; the respondent is no longer
enrolled by, employed by, or associated with a TBR institution; or specific
circumstances prevent the TBR institution from gathering evidence sufficient to
reach a determination as to the formal complaint or allegations
therein.
(c) The Title IX
Coordinator may decide to dismiss a formal complaint of sexual harassment and
refer the matter for disposition pursuant to a different rule when an
allegation of sexual harassment is dismissed or when a formal complaint ceases
to include an allegation of sexual harassment.
(d) Upon dismissal of a formal complaint for
any reason, the Title IX Coordinator will promptly send written notice
explaining the reasons for dismissal to the parties. The dismissal notice will
also explain whether the TBR institution will investigate or respond to the
allegations under another rule.
(4) Informal Resolutions
(a) Because a full investigation and
adjudication process may not be in the best interests of all concerned, the
Title IX Coordinator may decide to offer an informal resolution process. The
informal resolution process is designed to provide flexibility in creating a
resolution to a formal complaint that meets the needs of the parties and the
institution. Informal resolutions may include meetings facilitated by the TBR
institution or third parties, resolutions facilitated by the Title IX
Coordinator without formal meetings, mediations, and/or restorative justice
concepts. Disciplinary action may or may not be part of any informal
resolution. The parties must agree in writing to participate in any informal
resolution process that the Title IX Coordinator may offer.
(b) An informal resolution process is only
available after the filing of a formal complaint and prior to a determination
regarding responsibility. If the Title IX Coordinator believes an informal
resolution may be appropriate, the Title IX Coordinator will propose an
informal resolution process in either the initial notice of allegations or a
subsequent written document. The Title IX Coordinator may discuss with the
parties the details of how the process will work. The written notice will
contain the allegations or refer to the notice of allegations, set out the
informal resolution process, explain that at any time prior to agreeing to a
resolution, the complainant, respondent, or the institution may withdraw from
the informal resolution process and resume the investigation and adjudication
process, and identify any records that will be maintained or shared related to
the process.
(c) The Title IX
Coordinator shall not offer or facilitate an informal resolution process to
resolve allegations that an institution employee engaged in sexual harassment
against a student.
(5) Investigation of Formal Complaints
(a) The TBR
institution will investigate all formal complaints, unless dismissed or
resolved.
1. The institution will not access,
consider, disclose, or otherwise use a party's records that are made or
maintained by a physician, psychiatrist, psychologist, or other recognized
professional acting in the professional's capacity and made or maintained in
connection with the treatment to the party, unless the party voluntarily
consents in writing.
2. The
investigator will conduct an investigation that is appropriate under the
circumstances. The investigation will include a review of documents and
physical evidence, as well as interviews with the parties and other witnesses,
unless they decline to be interviewed. The investigator may request access to
premises, records, and documents deemed relevant. As the investigation
progresses, the investigator may seek clarification, including during a
subsequent interview, from any person participating in the investigation
regarding the incident or their statement. A party who learns or remembers any
additional information should notify the investigator immediately. The parties
will have an equal opportunity to provide evidence and to identify witnesses,
including fact and expert witnesses. Parties are encouraged to provide, as soon
as possible, any evidence that the party believes to be relevant and wants the
investigator to consider. If at all possible, a party should provide evidence
in time for the investigator to make that evidence available for inspection and
review in accordance with these rules.
3. Although the parties are encouraged to
provide the institution with information and evidence related to the
allegations, the institution is ultimately responsible for gathering evidence
sufficient to reach a determination regarding responsibility.
4. Neither TBR nor the institution will
restrict the parties from discussing the allegations under investigation or
from gathering and presenting relevant evidence. Any restrictions on the
ability of the parties to discuss matters related to the proceeding but which
are not under investigation will be explained in the notice of
allegations.
5. Each party will
have the opportunity to obtain and to be accompanied to a meeting or proceeding
by an advisor of their choice, who may, but is not required to be, an
attorney.
6. When a party is
invited or expected to participate in a meeting, the institution will provide
written notice of the date, time, location, participants, and purpose of the
meeting, interview, or hearing, with sufficient time for the party to prepare
to participate.
7. Both parties
will have an equal opportunity to inspect and review any evidence obtained as
part of the investigation that is directly related to the allegations raised in
a formal complaint, including evidence that is directly related to the
allegations but upon which the institution does not intend to rely in reaching
a determination regarding responsibility. The institution will include both
evidence that tends to prove and disprove the allegations, whether obtained
from a party or other source, so that each party can meaningfully respond to
the evidence prior to the conclusion of the investigation.
8. Prior to the completion of an
investigation report, the institution will send to each party the evidence
subject to inspection and review. Unless a party requests that the institution
not do so, the institution will also send the evidence to each party's advisor
who has been identified. An institution may decide to provide access to
evidence through electronic means that is not available for download. In such
case, the parties and their advisors are prohibited from, directly or
indirectly, photographing or reproducing such evidence (unless the party has
access to the evidence independent of the portal, e.g., documents submitted by
the party or publicly available information).
9. The institution will provide at least ten
(10) calendar days for the parties to respond to the evidence provided for
inspection and review. The investigator will share any written response with
the other party and will consider any written response prior to completing the
investigative report.
(6) Written Report
(a) At the conclusion of the investigation,
the investigator will prepare a written report. The report shall:
1. Identify the allegations;
2. Identify relevant rules;
3. Explain the procedural steps taken between
receipt of the formal complaint and the conclusion of the investigation,
including all notifications to the parties, interviews with the parties,
interviews with other witnesses, dates of all interviews, any site visits, and
the methods used to gather evidence; and
4. Fairly summarize the relevant
evidence.
(b) The
written report shall not make findings of fact or conclusions regarding the
application of facts to these rules.
(c) At least ten (10) calendar days prior to
a hearing, the investigator will send to each party the investigation report
for review and written response. Unless a party requests that the institution
not do so, the institution will also send the investigation report to an
advisor whom the party has been identified.
(d) The parties should provide any written
response as soon as possible. The investigator may issue an amended
investigation report if the investigator deems appropriate and if a party
provides comments in sufficient time for the investigator to do so. The
parties' written responses and any amended investigation report will be sent to
the decisionmaker.
(7) Advisors
(a) Both the complainant and the
respondent will be permitted to have an advisor of their choosing present
during meetings where their attendance is permitted or expected. Nothing in
these rules shall be read to require that an institution allow a party to
attend an interview of the other party or of a witness.
(b) The advisor may accompany and confer
privately with a party, but the advisor may not interrupt, speak on behalf of a
party, or otherwise actively participate in any meeting, except for conducting
cross-examination at a live hearing.
(c) An advisor's failure to comply may result
in the termination of the meeting or the advisor no longer being permitted to
be present.
(d) TBR and
institutional personnel employed in the offices responsible for the
disciplinary proceedings described in these rules, along with those in the
chain of command, personnel employed by the Office of General Counsel, and
others whose participation could create a conflict of interest with their
duties are not eligible to serve as advisors. The institution shall not
otherwise limit the choice of an advisor.
(e) If there is a question or concern about a
possible advisor, the Title IX Coordinator should be consulted. A party
choosing to have an attorney present as an advisor must provide advance
notice.
(8) Recordings
(a) Parties are not permitted to record any
meeting conducted pursuant to these rules.
(b) When a live hearing is conducted, the
institution will create an audio recording, audiovisual recording, or
transcript and make it available to the parties for inspection and
review.
(9) Past Relationships and Conduct
(a) Previous sexual
relationships of the complainant and respondent with third parties generally
are irrelevant.
(b) A past sexual
relationship between the complainant and respondent may or may not be relevant.
For example, past sexual encounters may provide insight on communication
patterns for purposes of determining whether consent was present.
(c) Questions and evidence about a
complainant's sexual predisposition or prior sexual behavior are not relevant
unless such questions and evidence about the complainant's prior sexual
behavior are offered to prove that someone other than the respondent committed
the conduct alleged by the complainant, or if the questions and evidence
concern specific incidents of the complainant's prior sexual behavior with
respect to respondent and are offered to prove consent.
(10) Standard of Evidence
(a) In evaluating whether sexual harassment
occurred, institutions shall use the preponderance of the evidence standard. A
"preponderance of the evidence" means the greater weight of the evidence or
that, according to the evidence, the conclusion sought by the party with the
burden of proof is the more probable conclusion.
(b) The burden of proof will remain with the
institution through the determination.
(11) Timeline
(a) Formal complaints typically will be
resolved (exclusive of any appeals) within ninety (90) calendar days of
filing.
(b) Appeals will be
resolved within fifteen (15) calendar days of the filing of an
appeal.
(c) Given the many
variables and factors that may arise in such cases, additional time may be
needed in some cases. Any departure from these time frames will be for good
cause and communicated in writing or by email to both the complainant and the
respondent simultaneously, along with a new timeline and explanation of the
reasons. Good cause to extend the deadlines includes, but is not limited to,
the absence of a party, a party's advisor, or witness; concurrent law
enforcement activity; or the need for language assistance or the accommodation
of disabilities.
(d) Incompletion
of the process within such time frames is not cause for dismissal of a formal
complaint.
(12) Parallel Investigations with Law Enforcement
(a) The
filing of a police report or the pendency of civil or criminal proceedings does
not preclude the institution from proceeding with its investigation and
determination.
(b) The
investigation and determination may be delayed until law enforcement has
finished gathering evidence and indicated that the institution may proceed with
an investigation, but the institution generally will not wait for the
conclusion of any criminal proceeding.
(c) Civil or criminal proceedings are
separate and distinct from internal institutional proceedings, and they may or
may not run parallel to each other. However, the institution may be required by
law to provide information in civil or criminal proceedings.
(13) Live Hearings
(a) The institution will conduct a live
hearing of formal complaints not dismissed in order to make a determination
whether these rules have been violated. The decision-maker appointed by the
Title IX Coordinator has the authority to maintain order at the hearing and
make all decisions necessary for the fair, orderly, and expeditious conduct of
the hearing. The decision-maker shall be the final decider concerning all
aspects of the hearing, including prehearing matters and at the hearing, how
evidence is examined and the order of witnesses.
(b) At the request of either party, the
institution will provide for the live hearing to be conducted with the parties
located in separate rooms with technology enabling the decision-maker and
parties to simultaneously see and hear the party or the witness answering
questions.
(c) In cases involving
more than one (1) respondent, any party may request separate hearings by
submitting a request at least five (5) business days before the hearing. The
Title IX Coordinator will decide whether to grant the request.
(d) Live hearings may be conducted with all
parties physically present in the same geographic location or, at the
institution's discretion, any or all parties, witnesses, and other participants
may appear at the live hearing virtually, with technology enabling participants
simultaneously to see and hear each other.
(e) At least ten (10) business days prior to
a live hearing, the institution will provide both parties with written notice
of the following:
1. The time, place, date of
the hearing, and electronic access information, if applicable;
2. The name of each witness the institution
expects to present or be present at the hearing and those the institution may
present if the need arises;
3. The
right to request a copy of the investigative file (other than portions that are
protected by law or privilege), which includes all of the evidence obtained as
part of the investigation that is directly related to the allegations raised in
the formal complaint;
4. The right
to request copies of all documents, copies of electronically stored
information, and access to tangible evidence that the institution has in its
possession, custody, or control and may use to support claims or
defenses;
5. The right to have an
advisor of the party's choice, who may be, but is not required to be an
attorney, and that if the party does not have an advisor present at the
hearing, the institution will provide an advisor of the institution's choice,
without fee or charge, to ask the other party and any witnesses all relevant
questions and follow-up questions on behalf of that party;
6. Any party in need of an
institution-provided advisor must inform the Title IX Coordinator at least five
(5) business days before the hearing;
7. Any cross-examination of any other party
or witness must be conducted by the advisor; and
8. Additional information may be included in
the notice of hearing.
(f) When notice is sent by U.S. mail or
courier service, the notice is effective on the date the notice is mailed or
delivered to the courier service. When notice is hand delivered by the
institution, notice is effective on the date that the notice is delivered to a
party. When notice is sent by email, the notice is effective on the date that
the email is sent to the parties' institution-provided email account.
(g) The decision-maker may conduct a
pre-hearing meeting or conference with the parties and their advisors to
discuss pre-hearing issues, including any technology to be used at the hearing
and the general rules governing the hearing.
(h) The decision-maker may allow a temporary
delay of the process or the limited extension of time frames for good cause
with written notice to the parties of the delay or extension and the reasons
for the action. Good cause may include, but is not limited to, considerations
such as the absence of a party, a party's advisor, or a witness; concurrent law
enforcement activity; or the need for language assistance or accommodation of
disabilities.
(i) If a party fails
to attend a hearing, the decision-maker may proceed without that party's
participation.
(j) During the
hearing, the decision-maker will make evidence subject to review and inspection
during the investigation phase available to give each party equal opportunity
to refer to that evidence, including for purposes of
cross-examination.
(k) Questions
and evidence about the complainant's sexual predisposition or prior sexual
behavior are not relevant, unless such questions and evidence about the
complainant's prior sexual behavior are offered to prove that someone other
than the respondent committed the conduct alleged by the complainant, or if the
questions and evidence concern specific incidents of the complainant's prior
sexual behavior with respect to the respondent and are offered to prove
consent.
(l) Only relevant
cross-examination and other questions may be asked of a party or witness.
Before a complainant, respondent, or witness answers a cross-examination
question or a question from someone other than the decision-maker, the
decision-maker will first determine whether the question is relevant and
explain any decision to exclude a question as not relevant.
(m) The decision-maker will not require,
allow, rely upon, or otherwise use questions or evidence that constitute, or
seek disclosure of, information protected under a legally recognized privilege,
unless the person holding the privilege has waived the privilege.
(n) The decision-maker will permit each
party's advisor to ask the other party and any witnesses all relevant questions
and follow-up questions, including those challenging credibility. Such
cross-examination at the live hearing will be conducted directly, orally, and
in real time by the party's advisor and never by a party personally. Conducting
cross-examination will be the advisor's only opportunity to speak. Advisors
will not engage in other presentation of arguments or evidence, including
opening statements, closing arguments, or direct examinations.
(o) If a party does not have an advisor at
the live hearing, the institution will provide without fee or charge to that
party an advisor. The institution will choose the advisor.
(p) If a party or witness does not submit to
cross-examination at the live hearing, the decision-maker will not rely on any
statement of that party or witness in reaching a determination regarding
responsibility; provided however, that the decision-maker cannot draw an
inference about the determination regarding responsibility based solely on a
party's or witness's absence from the live hearing or refusal to answer cross
examination or other questions.
(q)
For good cause shown, a decision-maker may permit the participation of
witnesses who were not identified by the party to the investigator, or the
inclusion of evidence not provided by the party to the investigator.
(r) The institution will create an audio or
audiovisual recording, or transcript, of a live hearing and make it available
to the parties for inspection and review.
(s) The decision-maker may dismiss the formal
complaint or any allegations therein, if at any time during the hearing a
complainant notifies the Title IX Coordinator in writing that the complainant
would like to withdraw a formal complaint or any allegations therein, the
respondent is no longer enrolled or employed by the institution, or specific
circumstances prevent the institution from gathering evidence sufficient to
reach a determination as to the formal complaint or allegations
therein.
(t) If the decision maker
dismisses the formal complaint during the grievance process, the decision-maker
will promptly notify the Title IX Coordinator, who will promptly send written
notice of the dismissal and reasons therefor simultaneously to the
parties.
(14) Written Determination
(a) Within fifteen (15) business
days of the hearing, the decision-maker will issue a written determination that
will be provided to the parties simultaneously.
(b) The determination becomes final either on
the date that the institution provides the parties with a written result of an
appeal, or if an appeal is available but not filed, the day after the deadline
to appeal.
(c) The determination
will include:
1. Identification of the
allegations potentially constituting sexual harassment, as well as
identification of any additional allegations that are being resolved but which
do not constitute sexual harassment;
2. A description of the procedural steps
taken between receipt of the formal complaint and the determination, including
all notifications to the parties, interviews with parties and witnesses, site
visits, methods used to gather other evidence, and any hearings held;
3. Findings of fact supporting the
determination;
4. Conclusions
regarding the application of these rules, as well as any other relevant rules,
procedures, or processes to the facts;
5. A statement of, and rationale for, the
result as to each allegation before the decision-maker, including a
determination regarding responsibility;
6. Any disciplinary action that the
decision-maker imposes on the respondent, including referral to another
process;
7. Any remedies that the
institution will provide designed to restore or preserve equal access to
education programs and/or activities to the complainant; and
8. The permissible bases and procedures,
including timelines, for appeals by the parties.
(15) Remedies and Disciplinary Action Following Determination of Violation
(a) The institution will provide remedies
where a determination of responsibility for sexual harassment has been made.
The institution will follow these and other applicable rules before the
imposition of any disciplinary sanctions for sexual harassment that are not
supportive/interim measures.
(b)
Remedies will be designed to restore or preserve equal access to education
programs and activities and will include one (1) or more sanctions identified
in TBR's Rules for Student Conduct and Disciplinary Sanctions, Chapter
0240-02-03.
(c) Remedies may also
consider improvements to the campus-wide environment. Institutions should
consider the impact of an incident of sexual harassment on the campus as a
whole or specific groups or areas of campus. For example, specific training may
be needed for a student group.
(d)
The Title IX Coordinator is responsible for ensuring effective implementation
of the remedies.
(16) Appeals/Post-Determination Procedures
(a)
Parties are permitted to appeal to the institution's President (or other person
appointed by the Title IX Coordinator) from a determination regarding
responsibility (or no responsibility) and from a dismissal of a formal
complaint or of any allegations in a formal complaint on the basis of:
1. Procedural irregularity that affected the
outcome of the matter;
2. New
evidence that was not reasonably available at the time the determination or
dismissal was made, but only if that new evidence could affect the outcome of
the matter; or
3. The Title IX
Coordinator, investigator(s), or decision-maker(s) had a conflict of interest
or bias for or against complainants or respondents generally or the individual
complainant or respondent that affected the outcome.
(b) A party wishing to appeal a determination
regarding responsibility or the dismissal of a formal complaint or any
allegations therein must file a written appeal with the Title IX Coordinator
within seven (7) business days of the date of the determination or the
dismissal. The written appeal must identify the reasons for the
appeal.
(c) As to all appeals, the
Title IX Coordinator will:
1. Notify the other
party in writing when an appeal is filed;
2. Implement appeal procedures equally for
both parties;
3. Ensure that the
decision-maker(s) for the appeal is not the same person as the investigator,
the decision-maker, or Title IX Coordinator; and
4. Provide each party five (5) business days
from the date of notice from the Title IX Coordinator to provide a written
statement in support of, or challenging, the determination.
(d) The decider of the appeal will
issue a written decision describing the result of the appeal and the rationale
for the result, and will provide the written decision simultaneously to the
parties.
Authority: T.C.A. §§ 4-5-101, et seq. and 49-8-203.
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