Rules & Regulations of the State of Tennessee
Title 0080 - Department of Agriculture
Subtitle 0080-05 - Markets
Chapter 0080-05-12 - Kerosene and Motor Fuels Quality Inspection Regulations
Section 0080-05-12-.01 - DEFINITIONS

(1) "ASTM" (Formerly The American Society for Testing and Materials) means ASTM International, the international voluntary consensus standards organization formed for the development of standards on characteristics and performance of materials, products, systems, and services and the promotion of related knowledge.

(2) "Antiknock Index (AKI)" means the arithmetic average of the Research Octane Number (RON) and Motor octane number (MON): AKI = (RON+MON)/2. This value is called by a variety of names, in addition to antiknock index, including: Octane rating, Posted octane, (R+M)/2 octane.

(3) "Automotive Fuel Rating" or "fuel rating" means the automotive fuel rating required under the amended Octane Certification and Posting Rule (or as amended, the Fuel Rating Rule), 16 CFR Part 306. Under this Rule, sellers of liquid automotive fuels, including alternative fuels, must determine, certify, and post an appropriate automotive fuel rating. The automotive fuel rating for gasoline and gasoline blending stock is the antiknock index (octane rating). The automotive fuel rating for alternative liquid fuels consists of the common name of the fuel along with a disclosure of the amount, expressed as a minimum percentage by volume, of the principal component of the fuel. For alternative liquid automotive fuels, a disclosure of other components, expressed as a minimum percentage by volume, may be included, if desired. For non-liquid alternative fuels not covered under 16 CFR Part 306, those covered under 16 CFR Part 309 shall be covered under this fuel rating definition.

(4) "Automotive Gasoline, Automotive Gasoline-Oxygenate Blend" means a type of fuel suitable for use in spark-ignition automobile engines generally containing small amounts of fuel additives and also commonly used in marine and nonautomotive applications.

(5) "Aviation Gasoline" means a type of gasoline suitable for use as a fuel in an aviation spark-ignition internal combustion engine.

(6) "Aviation Turbine Fuel" means a refined middle distillate suitable for use as a fuel in an aviation gas turbine internal combustion engine.

(7) "Biodiesel" (Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock) means a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats.

(8) "Biodiesel Blend" means a fuel comprised of a blend of more than five percent by volume or more biodiesel with petroleum-based diesel fuel, that may contain fuel additives.

(9) "Butanol" means butyl alcohol, the chemical compound C4H9OH, a colorless substance existing in four isomeric forms.

(10) "CBOB" means Conventional Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending, gasoline blendstock which could become a conventional gasoline-oxygenate blend solely upon the addition of an oxygenate.

(11) "Cetane Number" means a numerical measure of the ignition performance of a diesel fuel obtained by comparing it to reference fuels in a standardized engine test.

(12) "Commissioner" means the Commissioner of the Tennessee Department of Agriculture or a departmental employee designated by the Commissioner to act as his representative for purposes of these rules.

(13) "Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)" means natural gas which has been compressed and dispensed into fuel storage containers and is suitable for use as an engine fuel.

(14) "Conventional-Fuel Vehicle" means a vehicle designed to operate on spark-ignition engine fuel that complies with ASTM D4814 standards.

Note: This definition is for the purpose of these regulations. Diesel vehicles may operate on conventional compression-ignition engine fuel. Diesel fuel and diesel engines are outside the scope of this definition.

(15) "Denatured Fuel Ethanol", means an ethanol blend component for use in gasoline-ethanol blends, Mid-Level Ethanol Blends and Ethanol Flex Fuel for use in spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The ethanol is rendered unfit for beverage use by the addition of denaturants under formulas approved by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. ASTM D4806 describes the acceptable denaturants for denatured fuel ethanol to be blended into engine fuels.

(16) "Department" means the Tennessee Department of Agriculture.

(17) "Diesel Fuel" means a refined middle distillate suitable for use as a fuel in a compression-ignition (diesel) internal combustion engine that may contain fuel additives.

(18) "Ethanol Flex Fuels" means a blend of ethanol and hydrocarbons restricted for use as fuel in ground vehicles equipped with ethanol flexible-fuel spark-ignition engines.

(19) "Engine Fuel" means any liquid or gaseous matter used for the generation of power in an internal combustion engine that meets the applicable product specification.

(20) "EPA" means the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

(21) "Ethanol" also known as denatured fuel ethanol and ethyl alcohol, means an ethanol blend component for use in gasoline-ethanol blends, Mid-Level Ethanol Blends and Ethanol Flex Fuel for use in spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The ethanol is rendered unfit for beverage use by the addition of denaturants under formulas approved by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau. ASTM D4806 describes the acceptable denaturants for denatured fuel ethanol to be blended into engine fuels.

(22) "Flexible-Fuel Vehicle" means a vehicle designed to operate on either unleaded gasoline or ethanol flex fuel blends or mixtures or both. Flexible-Fuel Vehicles may also be designed to run on M85 Fuel Methanol.

(23) "Fuel Additive" means a material added to a fuel in small amounts not to exceed 1.0 percent by volume to impart or enhance desirable properties or to suppress undesirable properties.

(24) "Fuel Oil" means refined oil middle distillates, heavy distillates, or residues of refining, or blends of these, suitable for use as a fuel for heating or power generation that may contain fuel additives.

(25) "Gasoline" means a volatile mixture of liquid hydrocarbons generally containing small amounts of fuel additives suitable for use as a fuel in a spark-ignition internal combustion engine.

(26) "Gasoline-Oxygenate Blend" means a fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along with a substantial amount (more than 0.35 mass percent oxygen, or more than 0.15 mass percent oxygen if methanol is the oxygenate) of one or more oxygenates not to exceed the total oxygen content permitted by applicable laws and regulations.

(27) "Hydrogen Fuel" means a fuel composed of the molecular hydrogen intended for consumption in a surface vehicle or electricity production device with an internal combustion engine or fuel cell.

(28) "Internal Combustion Engine" means a device used to generate power by converting chemical energy bound in the fuel via spark-ignition or compression ignition engine combustion into mechanical work to power a vehicle or other device.

(29) "Kerosene (or Kerosine)" means refined oil intended for heating or illuminating use .

(30) "Lead Substitute" means an EPA-registered gasoline additive suitable, when added in small amounts to fuel, to reduce or prevent exhaust valve recession (or seat wear) in automotive spark-ignition internal combustion engines designed to operate on leaded fuel.

(31) "Lead Substitute Engine Fuel" means, for labeling purposes, a gasoline or gasoline-oxygenate blend that contains a "lead substitute."

(32) "Leaded" means, for labeling purposes, any gasoline or gasoline-oxygenate blend which contains more than 0.013 gram lead per liter (0.05 g lead per U.S. gal).

NOTE: EPA defines leaded fuel as one which contains more than 0.0013 gram phosphorus per liter (0.005 g per U.S. gal), or any fuel to which lead or phosphorus is intentionally added.

(33) "Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)" means natural gas that has been liquefied at -162 ºC (-260°F) and stored in insulated cryogenic tanks for use as an engine fuel.

(34) "Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)" means a mixture of normally gaseous hydrocarbons, predominantly propane, that has been liquefied by compression or cooling, or both to facilitate storage, transport, and handling for use as a motor fuel.

(35) "Low Temperature Operability" means a condition which allows the uninterrupted operation of a diesel engine through the continuous flow of fuel throughout its fuel delivery system at low temperatures. Fuels with adequate low temperature operability characteristics have the ability to avoid wax precipitation and clogging in fuel filters.

(36) "Lubricity" means a qualitative term describing the ability of a fluid to affect friction between, and wear to, surfaces in relative motion under load.

(37) "M85 Fuel Methanol" means automotive spark-ignition engine fuel blends of methanol and hydrocarbons, for use in ground vehicles equipped with M85 flexible-fuel spark-ignition engines.

(38) "Motor Octane Number" means a numerical indication of a spark-ignition engine fuel's resistance to knock obtained by comparison with reference fuels in a standardized ASTM D2700 Motor Method engine test.

(39) "Oxygen Content of Gasoline" means the percentage of oxygen by mass contained in a gasoline.

(40) "Oxygenate" means an oxygen-containing, ashless, organic compound, such as an alcohol or ether, which can be used as a fuel or fuel supplement.

(41) "Person" means an individual, partnership, corporation, company, firm, association, or other business entity.

(42) "Racing Gasoline" means a specialty product similar in nature to automotive gasoline except that it is typically of lower volatility, has a narrower boiling range and a higher antiknock index, and is generally free of significant amounts of oxygenates. It is designed for use in vehicles with high compression engines, generally for racing purposes.

(43) "Refinery" means any facility, including but not limited to, a plant, tanker truck, or vessel where gasoline or diesel fuel is produced, including any facility at which blendstocks are combined to produce gasoline or diesel fuel, or at which blendstock is added to gasoline or diesel fuel.

(44) "Research Octane Number" means a numerical indication of a spark-ignition engine fuel's resistance to knock obtained by comparison with reference fuels in a standardized ASTM D2699 Research Method engine test

(45) "Thermal Stability" means the ability of a fuel to resist the thermal stress which is experienced by the fuel when exposed to high temperatures in a fuel delivery system. Such stress can lead to formation of insoluble gums or organic particulates. Insolubles (gums or organic particulates) can clog fuel filters and contribute to injector deposits.

(46) "Total Oxygenate" means the aggregate total in volume percent of all oxygenates contained in any fuel defined in this Chapter.

(47) "Unleaded" in conjunction with "engine fuel" or "gasoline" means any gasoline or gasoline-oxygenate blend to which no lead or phosphorus compounds have been intentionally added and which contains not more than 0.013 gram lead per liter (0.05 g lead per U.S. gal) and not more than 0.0013 gram phosphorus per liter phosphorus per U.S. gal.