Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 9, September 27, 2024
B.
Sanitation Requirements for SC Grade "A" Raw Milk and Raw Milk Products for
Human Consumption.
1. Milk with Abnormalities
a. Lactating animals which show evidence of
the secretion of milk with abnormalities in one (1) or more quarters, based
upon bacteriological, chemical, or physical examination, shall be milked last
or with separate equipment and the milk shall be discarded as the Department
may direct.
b. Lactating animals
that have been treated with, or have consumed, chemical, medicinal, or
radioactive agents, which are capable of being secreted in the milk and which,
in the judgment of the Department, may be deleterious to human health, shall be
milked last or with separate equipment and the milk disposed of as the
Department may direct.
c. Raw milk
or raw milk products from lactating animals being treated with medicinal
agents, which are capable of being secreted in the milk, shall not be offered
for sale for such period as is recommended by the attending veterinarian or as
indicated on the package label of the medicinal agent.
d. Raw milk or raw milk products from
lactating animals treated with or exposed to insecticides not approved for use
on dairy animals by the United States Environmental Protection Agency shall not
be offered for sale.
e. The
Department may require additional tests for the detection of milk with
abnormalities as it deems necessary.
f. Bloody, stringy, off-colored milk, or milk
that is abnormal to sight or odor, shall be handled and disposed of as to
preclude the infection of other lactating animals and the contamination of milk
utensils.
g. Lactating animals
secreting milk with abnormalities shall be milked last or in separate equipment
which effectively prevents the contamination of the wholesome supply. Milking
equipment used on animals with abnormalities in their milk shall be maintained
clean to reduce the possibility of re-infecting or cross infection of the dairy
animals.
h. Equipment, utensils,
and containers used for the handling of milk with abnormalities shall not be
used for the handling of raw milk or raw milk products to be offered for sale,
unless they are first cleaned and effectively sanitized.
i. Processed animal waste derivatives used as
a feed ingredient for any portion of the total ration of the lactating dairy
animal shall:
(1) Be properly processed in
accordance with at least those requirements contained in the Model Regulations
for Processed Animal Wastes developed by the Association of American Feed
Control Officials; and
(2) Not
contain levels of deleterious substances, harmful pathogenic organisms, or
other toxic substances which are secreted in the milk at any level that may be
harmful to human health.
j. Unprocessed poultry litter and unprocessed
recycled animal body discharges shall not be fed to lactating dairy
animals.
2. Milking Barn,
or Parlor Construction
A milking barn or parlor shall be provided on all dairy farms
in which the milking herd shall be housed during milking time
operations.
a. All floors must be
constructed of concrete or equally impervious material. Floors shall be easily
cleaned and shall be graded to drain and maintained in good repair and free of
excessive breaks or worn areas that may create pools.
b. Walls and ceilings shall be smooth,
painted, or finished in an approved manner, and be in good repair. Ceilings
shall be dust-tight; approved materials include wood, tile, smooth-surfaced
concrete, cement plaster, brick, or other equivalent materials with light
colored surfaces. Walls, partitions, doors, shelves, windows, and ceilings
shall be kept in good repair; and surfaces shall be refinished whenever wear or
discoloration is evident. Whenever feed is stored overhead, ceilings shall be
constructed to prevent the sifting of chaff and dust into the milking barn,
stable, or parlor. If a hay opening is provided from the loft into the milking
portion of the barn, such opening shall be provided with a dust-tight door
which shall be kept closed during milking operations.
c. Separate stalls or pens for horses,
calves, and bulls shall be provided. Such portions of the barn that are not
separated by tight partitions shall comply with all requirements of this
item.
d. Natural and/or artificial
light well distributed for day and/or night milking must be provided to ensure
that all surfaces and particularly the working areas will be plainly visible.
The equivalent of at least ten (10) foot-candles (110 lux) of light in all
working areas shall be provided.
e.
Sufficient air space and air circulation to prevent condensation and excessive
odors must be provided.
f. There
must be no overcrowding by the presence of calves, cows, or other barnyard
animals in walk or feed alleys. Inadequate ventilation and excessive odors may
also be evidence of an overcrowded barn.
g. There must be dust-tight covered boxes or
bins, or separate storage facilities for ground, chopped, or concentrated feed.
A dust-tight partition, provided with doors that are kept closed except when in
actual use, shall separate the milking portion of the barn from any feed room
or silo in which feed is ground or mixed, or in which sweet feed is stored.
When conditions warrant, the Department may approve a barn without four (4)
walls extending from floor to roof, or a shed-type barn provided the
requirement of Section VII.B.3, which prohibits animals and fowl from entering
the barn, is satisfied. Lactating animal-housing areas (stables without
stanchions, such as loose housing stables, pen stables, resting barns, free
stall barns, holding barns, loafing sheds, and wandering sheds) may be of
shed-type construction, provided no milking is conducted therein. (These
structures are classified as part of the cowyard under Section
VII.B.4.)
h. The Department may
grant a variance or waiver from one or more of the requirements of paragraphs
VII.B.2.a through VII.B.2.g when, in the opinion of the Department, a health
hazard or nuisance will not result from the variance or waiver.
3. Milking Barn, Stable, or Parlor
Cleanliness
a. The interior of the milking
barn, stable, or parlor shall be kept clean. Floors, walls, ceilings, windows,
pipelines, and equipment shall be free of filth and/or litter and shall be
clean. Outside surfaces of pipeline systems located in the milking barn,
stable, or parlor must be kept reasonably clean.
b. Gutter cleaners must be kept reasonably
clean.
c. Swine and fowl shall be
kept out of the milking barn.
d.
Feed shall be stored in a manner that will not increase the dust content of the
air or interfere with the cleaning of the floor (as in covered, dust-tight
boxes or bins). Open feed dollies or carts may be used for distributing the
feed, but not storing food, in the milking area.
e. Food mangers shall be kept clean so as not
to attract flies; leftover feed in feed mangers must appear fresh and not be
wet or soggy.
4. Cowyard
a. The cowyard, which is interpreted to be
the enclosed or unenclosed area approximately adjacent to the milking barn in
which the lactating animals may congregate, including animal-housing areas and
feed lots, shall be graded and drained and shall have no standing pools of
water or accumulations of organic wastes.
b. Wastes from the barn, milkroom, or
processing room shall not be allowed to pool in the cowyard. Depressions and
soggy areas shall be filled, and lactating animal lanes kept reasonably dry.
Cowyards which are muddy due to recent rains should not be considered as
violating this item.
c. Manure,
soiled bedding, and waste feed shall not be stored or permitted to accumulate
in such a manner as to permit the soiling of lactating animals' udders and
flanks. Animal-housing areas (stables without stanchions, such as loose-housing
stables, pen stables, resting barns, holding barns, loafing sheds, wandering
sheds, free-stall housing) shall be considered part of the cowyard. Manure
packs shall be solid to the footing of the animal.
d. In loafing or lactating animal housing
areas, lactating animal droppings and soiled bedding shall be removed, or clean
bedding added, at sufficiently frequent intervals to prevent the soiling of the
lactating animal's udder and flanks.
e. Waste feed shall not be allowed to
accumulate.
f. Swine shall be kept
out of the cowyard.
g. Cowyards
shall be kept reasonably free of animal droppings. Animal droppings shall not
be allowed to accumulate in piles that are accessible to the
animals.
5. Milkroom or
Processing Room-Construction and Facilities
a.
A separate milkroom and/or processing room of sufficient size shall be
provided, in which the cooling, handling, further processing, and storing of
milk and the washing, sanitizing, and storing of milk containers and utensils
shall be conducted, except as provided for in Section VII.B.12 of this
Regulation.
b. Every milkroom and
processing room shall be provided with a smooth floor constructed of concrete
or equally impervious material graded to drain and maintained in good repair.
Floors shall be sloped to drains so that there are no pools of standing water.
Liquid waste shall be disposed of in a sanitary manner; all floor drains shall
be accessible and shall be trapped if connected to a sanitary sewer
system.
c. The joints between
floors and walls shall be watertight.
d. The walls and ceilings shall be
constructed of smooth material, in good repair, well painted, or finished in an
equally suitable manner. Surfaces and joints shall be tight and smooth.
Acceptable materials include sheet metal, tile, cement block, brick, concrete,
cement plaster, or similar materials of light color. Surfaces up to splash
height shall be non-absorbent and easily cleanable.
e. Every milkroom and processing room shall
have adequate natural and/or artificial light and be well ventilated. A minimum
of twenty (20) foot-candles (220 lux) of light shall be provided at all working
areas from natural and/or artificial light for milkroom and processing room
operations.
f. The milkroom and
processing room shall be used for no other purpose than milkroom and processing
room operations; there shall be no direct opening into any barn, stable, parlor
or into a room used for domestic purposes. A direct opening between the
milkroom or processing room and milking barn, stable or parlor is permitted
when a tight-fitting self-closing solid door(s) hinged to be single or double
acting is provided and opens outward from the milk room. A vestibule, if used,
must comply with the applicable milkroom and processing room construction
requirements. Screened vents in the wall between the milkroom or processing
room and a breezeway, which separates the milkroom or processing room from the
milking parlor, are permitted, provided animals are not housed within the
milking facility.
g. Water under
pressure shall be piped into the milkroom and/or processing room.
h. Every milkroom and processing room shall
be adequately ventilated to minimize odors and condensation on floors, walls,
ceilings, and clean utensils.
i.
Vents, if installed, and lighting fixtures shall be located to preclude the
contamination of bulk milk tanks or clean utensil storage area.
j. The milkroom and/or processing room shall
be equipped with a wash-and-rinse vat having at least two (2) compartments.
Each compartment must be of sufficient size to accommodate the largest utensil
or container used. The cleaning-in-place vat for milk pipelines and milk
machines may be accepted as one (1) part of the two (2)-compartment vat;
provided that the cleaning-in-place station rack in or on the vat and milking
machine inflations and appurtenances are completely removed from the vat during
the washing, rinsing, and/or sanitizing of other utensils and equipment. Where
mechanical cleaning/recirculated systems eliminate the need for handwashing of
equipment, the presence of the second wash vat compartment may be optional if
so determined by the Department on an individual farm basis.
k. Each milkroom and/or processing room shall
be provided with facilities for heating water in sufficient quantity and to
such temperatures for the effective cleaning of all equipment and
utensils.
6. Milkroom and
Processing Room - Cleanliness
a. The floors,
walls, ceilings, windows, tables, shelves, cabinets, wash vats, non-product
contact surfaces of milk containers, utensils, and equipment, and other
milkroom or processing room equipment shall be kept clean. Vestibules, if
provided, shall be kept clean.
b.
Only articles directly related to milkroom or processing room activities shall
be permitted in the milkroom or processing room.
c. The milkroom and processing room shall be
kept free of trash, animals, and fowl.
d. Incidental articles such as desks,
refrigerators, and storage cabinets may be in the milkroom or processing room
provided they are kept clean, ample space is available to conduct the normal
operations in the milkroom or processing room, and they will not cause
contamination of the milk.
7. Toilet
a. Every dairy farm shall be provided with
one (1) or more toilets, conveniently located and properly constructed,
operated, maintained and utilized in a sanitary manner. There shall be at least
one (1) flush toilet connected to a public sewer system or to an individual
sewage-disposal system, or if occupied for less than two (2) hours per day, a
portable chemical toilet may be used. Such sewage systems shall be constructed
and operated in accordance with applicable Department regulations and statutes.
b. The waste shall be inaccessible
to flies and shall not pollute the soil surface or contaminate any water
supply.
c. The toilet room,
including all fixtures and facilities, shall be kept clean and free of insects
and odors.
d. Where flush toilets
are used, doors to toilet rooms shall be tight and self-closing. All outer
openings in toilet rooms shall be screened or otherwise protected against the
entrance of insects.
8.
Water Supply
a. Water for milkroom or
processing room and milking operations shall be from an approved supply
properly located, protected, and operated, and shall be easily accessible,
adequate, and of a safe, sanitary quality.
b. No cross-connection shall exist between a
safe water supply and any unsafe or questionable water supply, or any other
source of pollution.
c. There shall
be no submerged inlets through which a safe water supply may be
contaminated.
d. The well or other
source of water shall be located and constructed in such a manner that neither
underground nor surface contamination from any sewerage systems, privy, or
other source of pollution can reach such water supply.
e. New individual water supplies and water
supply systems that have been repaired or otherwise become contaminated shall
be thoroughly disinfected before being placed in use. The supply shall be made
free of the disinfectant by pumping to waste before any sample for
bacteriological testing shall be collected.
f. All containers and tanks used in the
transportation of water shall be sealed and protected from possible
contamination. These containers and tanks shall be subjected to a thorough
cleaning and a bacteriological treatment prior to filling with potable water to
be used at the dairy farm. To minimize the possibility of contamination of the
water during its transfer from the potable tanks to the elevated or groundwater
storage at the dairy farm, a suitable pump, hose, and fittings shall be
provided. When the pump, hose, and fittings are not being used, the outlets
shall be capped and stored in a suitable dust-proof enclosure to prevent their
contamination. The storage tank at the dairy farm shall be constructed of
impervious material provided with a dust and rainproof cover, as well as with
an approved-type vent and roof hatch. All new reservoirs, or reservoirs which
have been cleaned, shall be disinfected prior to placing them into
service.
g. Samples for
bacteriological examination shall be taken upon the initial approval of the
physical structure based upon the requirements of this Regulation, when any
repair or alteration of the water supply system has been made, and at least
every year.
h. Bacteriological
examinations shall be conducted in a laboratory acceptable to the
Department.
i. Current records of
water test results shall be retained on file with the Department or as the
Department directs.
9.
Utensils and Equipment - Construction
a. All
multiuse containers, equipment, and utensils that are exposed to raw milk or
raw milk products, or from which liquids may drip, drain or be drawn into raw
milk or raw milk products, and used in the handling, storage, or transportation
of milk shall be made of smooth, non-absorbent, corrosion-resistant, nontoxic
materials, and shall be constructed to be easily cleaned. Acceptable materials
include:
(1) Stainless steel of the AISI
(American Iron and Steel Institute) 300 series, or equally corrosion-resistant,
nontoxic metal;
(2) Heat-resistant
glass; or
(3) Plastic or rubber and
rubber-like materials which are relatively inert, resistant to scratching,
scoring, decomposition, crazing, chipping, and distortion under normal use
conditions; are nontoxic, fat resistant, relatively nonabsorbent, and
relatively insoluble; do not release component chemicals or impart flavor or
odor to the product; and which maintain their original properties under
repeated use conditions.
b. All containers, utensils, and equipment
shall be in good repair and shall be free of breaks, corrosion, pits, cracks,
or inclusions.
c. All milk pails
used for hand milking and stripping shall be seamless and of the hooded type.
Seamless hooded pails having an opening not exceeding one-third the area of
that of an open pail of the same size shall be used for hand milking and hand
stripping.
d. Strainers, if used,
shall be constructed of perforated metal design, or single-service strainer
media should be utilized. Multiple-use woven material shall not be used for
straining milk.
e. All
single-service articles shall be manufactured, packaged, transported, stored,
and handled in a sanitary manner and shall comply with the applicable
requirements of Section IX. Articles intended for single-service use shall not
be reused.
f. Farm holding/cooling
tanks, welded sanitary piping, and transportation tanks shall comply with the
applicable requirements of Section VII.B.9.a, g, and h.
g. Mechanically cleaned milk pipelines and
return-solution lines shall be self-draining. If gaskets are used, they shall
be self-positioning and of material meeting specifications described in Section
VII.B.9.a.(3), and shall be of such design, finish, and application as to form
a smooth, flush interior surface. If gaskets are not used, all fittings shall
have self-positioning faces designed to form a smooth, flush interior surface.
All interior surfaces of welded joints in pipelines shall be smooth and free of
pits, cracks, and inclusions.
h.
Mechanically cleaned milk pipelines and return solution lines installed after
the effective date of this Regulation shall have welded ferrule/flange
fittings; rolled fittings shall not be used.
i. Detailed plans for cleaned-in-place
pipeline systems shall be submitted to the Department for written approval
prior to installation. No alteration or addition shall be made to any milk
pipeline system without prior written approval of the Department.
j. All milking machines, including heads,
milk claws, milk tubing, and other milk-contact surfaces shall be constructed
to be easily cleaned and inspected. Pipelines, milking equipment, and
appurtenances that require a screwdriver or special tool shall be considered
easily accessible for inspection, provided the necessary tools are available at
the milkroom or processing room. Milking systems shall not have components
incorporated in the return solution lines that by design do not comply with the
criteria for product-contact surfaces, such as:
(1) Ball type plastic valves;
(2) Plastic tees with barbed ridges to better
grip the plastic or rubber hoses; and
(3) PVC water type piping.
k. Milk cans shall have
umbrella-type lids.
l. Farm
holding/cooling tanks, welded sanitary piping, and transportation tanks shall
comply with the applicable requirements of this Regulation.
m. During filling, flexible plastic/rubber
hoses may be used between the fill valves of bottom fill and top fill bulk milk
storage tanks, when needed for functional purposes. Such hoses shall be
drainable, be as short as practical, have sanitary fittings, and be supported
to maintain uniform slope and alignment. The end fittings of such hoses shall
be permanently attached in such a manner that will assure a crevice-free joint
between the hose and the fitting and can be cleaned by mechanical means. The
hoses shall be included as part of a mechanical cleaning system.
n. Transparent flexible plastic tubing (up to
150 feet in length) used in connection with milk transfer stations shall be
considered acceptable if it meets the "3-A Sanitary Standards for Multiple-Use
Plastic Materials Used as Product Contact Surfaces for Dairy Equipment, Number
20" and if it remains sufficiently clear that the interior surfaces can be
properly inspected. Short lengths of flexible plastic tubing (eight feet or
less) may be inspected for cleanliness by sight or by use of a "rod." The
transparency or opacity of such tubing under this condition is not a factor in
determining cleanliness.
o.
Whenever air under pressure is used for the agitation or movement of milk, or
is directed at a milk-contact surface, it shall be free of oil, dust, rust,
excessive moisture, extraneous materials, and odor.
10. Utensils and Equipment-Cleaning
a. The product-contact surfaces of all
multiuse containers, equipment, and utensils used in the handling, storage, or
transportation of raw milk and raw milk products shall be cleaned after each
milking or once every twenty-four (24) hours for continuous operations.
b. There shall be a separate wash
manifold for all mechanically cleaned milk pipelines in all new or extensively
remodeled facilities.
11.
Utensils and Equipment - Sanitization
a. The
product-contact surfaces of all multiuse containers, equipment, and utensils
used in the handling, storage, or transportation of raw milk and raw milk
products shall be sanitized before each usage.
b. Sanitization shall be achieved by use of
the following methods:
(1) Complete immersion
in hot water at a temperature of at least 77°C (170°F), for at least
five (5) minutes, or exposure to a flow of hot water at a temperature of at
least 77°C (170°F), as determined by the use of a suitable accurate
thermometer (at the outlet) for at least five (5) minutes;
(2) Complete immersion for at least one (1)
minute in or exposure for at least one (1) minute to a flow of a chemical
sanitizer of acceptable strength. All product-contact surfaces must be wetted
by the sanitizing solution, and piping so treated must be filled. Sanitizing
sprays may be used. Chemical solutions, once used, shall not be reused for
sanitizing but may be reused for other purposes; or
(3) By any method which has been demonstrated
to be equally effective and approved by the FDA, EPA, or the
Department.
12. Utensils and Equipment - Storage
a. All containers, utensils, and equipment
used in the handling, storage, or transportation of raw milk and raw milk
products, unless stored in sanitizing solutions, shall be stored to assure
complete drainage and shall be protected from contamination prior to use,
except that pipeline milking equipment such as milker claws, inflations, weigh
jars, meters, milk hoses, milk receivers, tubular coolers, plate coolers, milk
pumps, and AMI milking equipment which are designed for mechanical cleaning and
other equipment, as accepted by FDA, which meets these criteria, may be stored
in the milking barn or parlor, provided this equipment is designed, installed,
and operated to protect the product and solution-contact surfaces from
contamination at all times.
b.
Strainer pads, parchment papers, gaskets, and similar single-service articles
shall be stored in a suitable container or cabinet and protected against
contamination.
13.
Utensils and Equipment-Handling After sanitization, all containers, utensils,
and equipment shall be handled in a manner that prevents contamination of any
product-contact surface.
a. Sanitized
product-contact surfaces, including farm cooling holding tank openings and
outlets, shall be protected against contact with unsanitized equipment and
utensils, hands, clothing, splash, condensation, and other sources of
contamination.
b. Any sanitized
product-contact surface which has been otherwise exposed to contamination shall
be cleaned and sanitized before being used.
14. Milking-Flanks, Udders, and Teats
a. Milking shall be done in the milking barn
or parlor.
b. The flanks, udders,
bellies, and tails of all milking cows shall be free from visible dirt. All
brushing shall be completed prior to milking.
c. The udders and teats shall be cleaned and
treated with a sanitizing solution just prior to the time of milking, and shall
be relatively dry before milking. Sanitizing solutions shall be used in
accordance with manufacturer specifications and recommendations.
d. Wet hand milking is prohibited.
e. Flanks, bellies, tails, and udders shall
be clipped as often as necessary to facilitate cleaning of these
areas.
15. Drug and
Chemical Control
a. Cleaners and Sanitizers
(1) Cleaners and sanitizers shall be stored
in dedicated end-use containers which properly identify the contents.
(2) Bulk cleaners and sanitizers that are
transferred from the manufacturer's or distributor's container shall be stored
only in an end-use container that is properly labeled with the container's
contents.
(3) The manufacturer's or
distributor's label for each cleaner and sanitizer, including the product name,
chemical description, use directions, precautionary and warning statement,
first aid instructions, container storage and maintenance instructions and the
name and address of the manufacturer or distributor, shall be maintained on the
premises and be readily accessible for reference or inspection.
b. Drugs
(1) Drugs shall be properly labeled to
include the name and address of the manufacturer or distributor for
over-the-counter (OTC) drugs or veterinary practitioner dispensing the product
for prescription and extra label use drugs. Drug labels shall also include:
(a) Directions for use and prescribed
withholding times;
(b) Cautionary
statements, if needed; and
(c)
Active ingredient(s) in the drug product.
(2) Drugs dispensed by a pharmacy on the
order of a veterinarian shall have labeling that includes the name of the
prescribing veterinarian and the name and address of the dispensing pharmacy;
the address of the prescribing veterinarian may be included on the
labeling.
(3) Drugs intended for
treatment of non-lactating dairy animals shall be segregated from those drugs
used for lactating animals in separate shelves in cabinets, refrigerators, or
other storage facilities.
(4)
Unapproved drugs shall not be used and shall not be stored in the milkroom,
processing room, milking barn, stable, or parlor.
(5) Animal drugs and drug administration
equipment shall be stored in such a way that milk, milking equipment, wash
vats, and hand sinks are not subject to contamination by the drugs.
(6) Equipment used to administer drugs shall
not be cleaned in the wash vats.
(7) Topical antiseptics and wound dressings,
unless intended for direct injection into the teat, vaccines and other
biologics, and dosage form vitamins and/or mineral products are exempt from
labeling and storage requirements, except when it is determined that they are
stored in such a manner that they may contaminate the raw milk or raw milk
product-contact surfaces of containers, utensils, or equipment.
16. Milking-Transfer and
Protection of Milk
a. Each pail or container
of milk shall be taken immediately from the milking barn or parlor to the
milkroom or processing room. No milk shall be strained, poured, transferred, or
stored outside the milkroom or processing room.
b. The milk receiving receptacle shall be
raised above the floor.
17. Personnel
a. Adequate handwashing facilities shall be
provided, including a lavatory fixture with hot and cold, or warm running
water, soap or detergent, and individual sanitary towels, or other approved
hand drying devices, convenient to the milkroom, processing room, milking barn,
stable, parlor and flush toilet, and shall be used for no other purpose.
Utensil wash and rinse vats shall not be considered as handwashing facilities.
b. Hands shall be washed clean and
dried with an individual sanitary towel or other approved hand drying device
immediately before milking, before performing any milkroom or processing room
function, and immediately after the interruption of any of these activities.
Milkers shall wear clean outer garments while milking or handling raw milk, raw
milk products, milk containers, utensils, or equipment.
c. No person who by medical examination or
supervisory observation is shown to have or appears to have an illness, open
lesion (including boils, sores, or infected wounds) or any other abnormal
source of microbial contamination shall work at any dairy farm in any capacity
that brings them into contact with the production, handling, storage, or
transportation of raw milk, raw milk products, containers, equipment, and/or
utensils.
d. When reasonable cause
exists to suspect the possibility of transmission of infection or disease from
any person associated with the handling of raw milk or raw milk products, the
Department may:
(1) Order the immediate
exclusion of that person from raw milk handling or handling of raw milk
products;
(2) Order the immediate
exclusion of the raw milk or raw milk products concerned from distribution and
consumption;
(3) Order adequate
medical and bacteriological examination of the person to determine if an
infection or disease is present; or
(4) Order any combination of the previous
measures.
18.
Cooling
a. Raw milk shall be cooled to
10°C (50°F) or less within four (4) hours or less of the commencement
of the first milking, and to 7°C (45° F) or less within two (2) hours
after the completion of milking, and shall be maintained at that temperature,
including during packaging and transportation; except that, the blend
temperature after the first milking and subsequent milking shall not exceed
10°C (50°F).
b. All
finished, processed, and packaged raw milk and raw milk products shall be
maintained at 7°C (45° F) or less after processing, during storage, and
during transportation.
c.
Recirculated cold water that is used in plate or tubular coolers or heat
exchangers shall be from a safe source and protected from contamination. Such
water shall be tested semiannually and shall comply with the bacteriological
standards set by the Department.
19. Vehicles.
Vehicles used to transport raw milk and raw milk products shall
be constructed and operated to protect their contents from sun, freezing, and
contamination. Such vehicles shall be kept clean, inside and out; no substance
capable of contaminating raw milk or raw milk products shall be transported
with raw milk or raw milk products.
20. Insect and Rodent Control.
a. Effective measures shall be taken to
prevent the contamination of milk, containers, equipment, and utensils by
insects and rodents, and by chemicals used to control such vermin.
b. Milkrooms and processing rooms shall be
free of insects and rodents.
c.
Surroundings shall be kept neat, clean, and free of conditions which might
harbor or be conducive to the breeding of insects and rodents.
d. Feed shall be stored in such a manner that
it will not attract birds, rodents, or insects.
e. Manure packs in loafing areas, stables
without stanchions, pen stables, resting barns, wandering sheds, and free-stall
housing shall be properly bedded and managed to prevent fly breeding.
f. Milkrooms and processing rooms shall be
effectively screened or otherwise protected against the entrance of vermin,
including hose ports and floor drains through walls.
g. Outer milkroom and processing rooms doors
shall be tight and self-closing. Screen doors shall open outward.
h. Only pesticides approved for use by the
Department and/or registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
shall be used for insect and rodent control.
i. Pesticides shall be used only in
accordance with manufacturer's directions.