Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 38, September 21, 2024
If a judicial district implements a parenting coordination
program, the court shall maintain a roster of qualified individuals to serve as
parenting coordinators and establish the hourly rate at which parenting
coordinators shall be compensated. The parenting coordinator shall attempt to
resolve issues arising out of the custody order by facilitating an agreement
between the parties and, if unable to reach an agreement, recommend a
resolution to the court.
(a)
Appointment of a Parenting Coordinator.
(1) After a final custody order has been
entered, a judge may appoint a parenting coordinator to resolve parenting
issues in cases involving repeated or intractable conflict between the parties
affecting implementation of the final custody order. A parenting coordinator
should not be appointed in every case. The appointment may be made on the
motion of a party or the court's motion.
(2) Unless the parties consent and
appropriate safety measures are in place to protect the participants, including
the parenting coordinator and other third parties, a parenting coordinator
shall not be appointed if:
(i) the parties to
the custody action have a protection from abuse order in effect;
(ii) the court makes a finding that a party
has been the victim of domestic violence perpetrated by a party to the custody
action, either during the pendency of the custody action or within 36 months
preceding the filing of the custody action; or
(iii) the court makes a finding that a party
to the custody action has been the victim of a personal injury crime, as
defined in
23 Pa.C.S. §
3103,
which was perpetrated by a party to the custody action.
(iv) If a party objects to the appointment of
a parenting coordinator based on an allegation that the party has been the
victim of domestic violence perpetrated by a party to the custody action, the
court shall have a hearing on the issue and may consider abuse occurring beyond
the 36 months provided in subdivision (a)(2)(ii).
(3) The appointment of a parenting
coordinator shall be for a specified period, which shall not exceed 12 months.
A party may petition the court for an extension of the appointment or the court
in its discretion may extend the appointment for an additional
period.
(4) If the parenting
coordinator seeks to withdraw from service in a case, the parenting coordinator
shall petition the court and provide a copy of the petition to the parties or
the parties' attorneys.
(5) The
parenting coordinator shall set forth in a separate written agreement with the
parties:
(i) the amount of any
retainer;
(ii) the hourly rate to
be charged;
(iii) the process for
invoices and payment for services;
(iv) information on the parenting
coordination process; and
(v)
provide a signed copy of the agreement to the parties before initiating any
services.
(b)
Qualifications of the Parenting Coordinator.
(1) A parenting coordinator shall be licensed
to practice in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as either an attorney or a
mental health professional with a master's degree or higher. At a minimum, the
parenting coordinator shall have:
(i)
practiced family law for five years or have five years of professional
post-degree experience in psychiatry, psychology, counseling, family therapy,
or other comparable behavioral or social science field; and
(ii) specialized training by a provider
approved or certified by the American Psychological Association, Pennsylvania
Psychological Association, American Bar Association, Pennsylvania Bar
Association, Pennsylvania Bar Institute, or American Academy of Matrimonial
Lawyers. The training shall include:
(A) five
hours in the parenting coordination process;
(B) ten hours of family mediation;
(C) five hours of training in domestic
violence; and
(D) in each two-year
period after the initial appointment, ten continuing education credits on any
topic related to parenting coordination with a minimum of two hours on domestic
violence.
(2)
An attorney or a mental health professional seeking an appointment as a
parenting coordinator:
(i) shall sign an
affidavit attesting that he or she has met the qualifications outlined in
(b)(1);
(ii) shall submit the
affidavit to the president judge or administrative judge of the judicial
district where the parenting coordinator is seeking appointment; and
(iii) after submission of the initial
affidavit, a parenting coordinator shall submit a new affidavit every two years
attesting that he or she continues to meet the qualifications for a parenting
coordinator outlined in (b)(1).
(c)
Appointment Order. The
parenting coordinator's authority as delineated in subdivision (d) shall be
included in the order appointing the parenting coordinator, which shall be
substantially in the form set forth in Pa.R.C.P. No. 1915.22.
(d)
Scope of Authority of the
Parenting Coordinator. The parenting coordinator shall have the
authority to recommend resolutions to the court on issues related to the
custody order if the parties are unable to reach an agreement.
(1) To implement the custody order and
resolve related parenting issues about which the parties cannot agree, the
parenting coordinator is authorized to recommend resolutions to the court about
issues that include, but are not limited to:
(i) places and conditions for custodial
transitions between households;
(ii) temporary variation from the custodial
schedule for a special event or particular circumstance;
(iii) school issues, apart from school
selection;
(iv) the child(ren)'s
participation in recreation, enrichment, and extracurricular activities,
including travel;
(v) child-care
arrangements;
(vi) clothing,
equipment, toys, and personal possessions of the child(ren);
(vii) information exchanges (e.g., school,
health, social) between the parties and communication with or about the
child(ren);
(viii) coordination of
existing or court-ordered services for the child(ren) (e.g., psychological
testing, alcohol or drug monitoring/testing, psychotherapy, anger
management);
(ix) behavioral
management of the child(ren); and
(x) other related custody issues that the
parties mutually have agreed in writing to submit to the parenting coordinator,
which are not excluded in subdivision (d)(2).
(2) The following issues are excluded from
the parenting coordinator's scope of authority:
(i) a change in legal custody as set forth in
the custody order;
(ii) a change in
primary physical custody as set forth in the custody order;
(iii) except as set forth in subdivision
(d)(1)(ii), a change in the court-ordered custody schedule that reduces or
expands the child(ren)'s time with a party;
(iv) a change in the residence (relocation)
of the child(ren);
(v)
determination of financial issues, other than allocation of the parenting
coordinator's fees as set forth in subdivision (g)(1);
(vi) major decisions affecting the health,
education, or religion of the child(ren); and
(vii) other issues limited by the appointing
judge.
(3) Unless the
parties consent, the parenting coordinator shall not contact collateral sources
or speak with the child(ren) and to effectuate this provision, the parties
shall execute releases, as necessary, authorizing the parenting coordinator to
communicate with the appropriate individuals. Any communication with the
collateral sources or child-(ren) shall be limited to the issue(s) currently
before the parenting coordinator.
(e)
Communications. No
Testimony.
(1) Communication between
the parties or the parties' attorneys and the parenting coordinator is not
confidential.
(2) A party or a
party's attorney may communicate in writing with the parenting coordinator, but
shall contemporaneously send a copy of the written communication to the other
party or the other party's attorney. Documents, recordings, or other material
that one party gives to the parenting coordinator shall be promptly made
available to the other party or the other party's attorney for inspection and
copying.
(3) The parties and their
attorneys may receive, but not initiate, oral ex parte
communication with the parenting coordinator. A parenting coordinator may
initiate oral communication with a party or party's attorney, but shall
promptly advise the other party or the other party's attorney of the
communication.
(4) Communication
between the parenting coordinator and the court shall be in writing and copies
of the written communication shall be sent contemporaneously to the parties or
the parties' attorneys.
(5) A party
cannot compel the testimony of a parenting coordinator without an order of
court.
(f)
Recommendations. Objecting to the Recommendation. Judicial Review.
Record Hearing.
(1) The parenting
coordinator shall provide to the parties notice and an opportunity to be heard
on the issues.
(2) The parenting
coordinator's recommendation shall be in writing on the Summary and
Recommendation of the Parenting Coordinator form set forth in Pa.R.C.P. No.
1915.23 and sent to the court for review within two days after hearing from the
parties on the issues. The parenting coordinator shall serve a copy of the
Summary and Recommendation on the parties or the parties' attorneys.
(3) A party objecting to the recommendation
shall file a petition for a record hearing before the court within five days of
service of the Summary and Recommendation of the Parenting Coordinator form.
The petition must specifically state the issues to be reviewed and include a
demand for a record hearing. A copy of the recommendation shall be attached to
the petition. In accordance with Pa.R.C.P. No. 440, the objecting party shall
serve the petition on the other party or the other party's attorney and the
parenting coordinator.
(4) If the
parties do not file an objection within five days of service of the parenting
coordinator's recommendation, the court shall:
(i) approve the recommendation;
(ii) approve the recommendation in part and
conduct a record hearing on issues not approved;
(iii) remand the recommendation to the
parenting coordinator for more specific information; or
(iv) not approve the recommendation and
conduct a record hearing on the issues.
(5) As soon as practical, the court shall
conduct a record hearing on the issues specifically set forth in the petition.
The court shall render a decision within the time set forth in Pa.R.C.P. No.
1915.4(d).
(6) If a party makes a
timely objection, the recommendation shall become an interim order of court
pending further disposition by the court.
(g)
Fees.
(1) The appointing judge shall allocate
between the parties the fees of the parenting coordinator. The parenting
coordinator may reallocate the fees, subject to the approval of the court, if
one party has caused a disproportionate need for the services of the parenting
coordinator.
(2) To limit the
financial burden on the parties, a parenting coordinator should meet with the
parties only upon a request of a party to resolve an issue about which the
parties disagree.
(3)
Waiver of fees or reduced fees. Judicial districts
implementing a parenting coordination program shall effectuate a policy or
program by local rule so that indigent or low-income parties may participate in
the parenting coordination program at a reduced fee or no fee.