Current through Register Vol. 63, No. 9, September 1, 2024
(1) Purpose. For purposes of any applicable
provision of ORS 657.176, this rule establishes
policy for adjudicating cases involving the use, sale, possession or effects of
drugs, cannabis, or alcohol in the workplace.
(2) Definitions. For the purposes of this
rule:
(a) For purposes of ORS
657.176(9),
"workplace" means the employer's premises or any place at or in which an
individual performs services for the employer or otherwise acts within the
course and scope of employment.
(b)
For purposes of ORS 657.176(9), an
individual "fails or refuses to take" a drug, cannabis, or alcohol test when
the individual does not take the test as directed by the employer in accordance
with the provisions of an employer's reasonable written policy or collective
bargaining agreement.
(c) For
purposes of ORS 657.176(9) and
657.176(13), an
individual is "under the influence" of intoxicants if, at the time of a test
administered in accordance with the provisions of an employer's reasonable
written policy or collective bargaining agreement, the individual has any
detectable level of drugs, cannabis, or alcohol present in the individual's
system, unless the employer otherwise specifies particular levels of drugs,
cannabis, or alcohol in its policy or collective bargaining
agreement.
(d) "Performing services
for the employer" as used in ORS
657.176(9) and
"during work" as used in ORS
657.176(9) mean
that an employee is on duty and is, or is expected to be, actively engaged in
tasks as directed or expected by the employer for which the employee will or
expects to be compensated with remuneration.
(e) For purposes of ORS
657.176(9), an
individual "tests positive" for alcohol, cannabis, or an unlawful drug when the
test is administered in accordance with the provisions of an employer's
reasonable written policy or collective bargaining agreement, and at the time
of the test:
(A) The amount of drugs,
cannabis, or alcohol determined to be present in the individual's system equals
or exceeds the amount prescribed by such policy or agreement; or
(B) The individual has any detectable level
of drugs, cannabis, or alcohol present in the individual's system if the policy
or agreement does not specify a cut off level.
(f) An individual fails a test for alcohol,
cannabis, or unlawful drugs when the individual tests positive as described in
subsection (e) of this section.
(g)
For purposes of ORS 657.176(9) and
657.176(13),
"unlawful drug" means a drug which is unlawful for the individual to use,
possess, or distribute under Oregon law. This term does not include a drug
prescribed and taken by the individual under the supervision of a licensed
health care professional and used in accordance with the prescribed directions
for consumption, or other uses authorized by law.
(h) "Connection with employment" as used in
ORS 657.176(9)
means where such positive test affects or has a reasonable likelihood of
affecting the employee's work, the employer's interest, or workplace.
(i) For purposes of ORS
657.176(9):
(A) "Recognized drug, cannabis, or alcohol
rehabilitation program" means a program authorized and licensed by the State of
Oregon, or another state.
(B)
"Documentation of participation in the program" means a signed statement by an
authorized representative of the recognized program that the individual is or
was participating in a treatment program.
(C) "Participation" means to be engaged in a
course of treatment through a recognized drug, cannabis, or alcohol
rehabilitation program.
(3) For purposes of ORS
657.176(9),
(10), and
657.176(13), a
written employer policy is reasonable if:
(a)
The policy prohibits the use, sale, possession, or effects of drugs, cannabis,
or alcohol in the workplace; and
(b) The policy does not require the employee
to pay for any portion of the test; and
(c) The policy has been published and
communicated to the individual or provided to the individual in writing;
and
(d) When the policy provides
for drug, cannabis, or alcohol testing, the employer has:
(A) Probable cause for requiring the
individual to submit to the test; or
(B) The policy provides for random, blanket
or periodic testing.
(4) Probable Cause for Testing. For purposes
of ORS 657.176(9), an
employer has probable cause to require an employee to submit to a test for
drugs, cannabis, alcohol, or a combination thereof if:
(a) The employer has, prior to the time of
the test, observable, objective evidence that gives the employer a reasonable
basis to suspect that the employee may be impaired or affected by drugs,
cannabis, or alcohol in the workplace. Such evidence may include, but is not
limited to, abnormal behavior in the workplace, a change in productivity,
repeated tardiness or absences, or behavior which causes an on-the-job injury
or causes substantial damage to property; or
(b) The employer has received reliable
information that a worker uses or may be affected by drugs, cannabis, or
alcohol in the workplace; or
(c)
Such test is required by applicable state or federal law, or an applicable
collective bargaining agreement that has not been declared invalid in final
arbitration; or
(d) Such test is
required or allowed pursuant to a reasonable agreement.
(5) Random, blanket and periodic testing. For
purposes of ORS 657.176(9) and
(10):
(a) A
"random test for drugs, cannabis, or alcohol, or a combination thereof" means a
test for drugs, cannabis, or alcohol, or a combination thereof given to a
sample drawn from a population in which each member of the population has an
equal chance to be selected for testing.
(b) A "periodic test for drugs, cannabis, or
alcohol, or a combination thereof" means a drug, cannabis, or alcohol test or a
combination thereof administered at prescribed intervals.
(c) A "blanket test for drugs, cannabis, or
alcohol, or a combination thereof" means a test for drugs, cannabis, or
alcohol, or a combination thereof applied uniformly to a specified group or
class of employees.
(6)
For purposes of ORS 657.176(9), (10), and
(13), no employer policy is reasonable if the
employer does not follow their own policy.
(7) For purposes of ORS
657.176(13), a
reasonable agreement is a document signed by the employee as a condition of
continued employment and:
(a) The agreement
may require the employee to submit to drug, cannabis, or alcohol
testing;
(b) The agreement may not
require the employee to pay for the test; and
(c) The agreement may not require them to
attend a rehabilitation program that causes a hardship to the
individual.
(8) Failure
to Apply or Failure to Accept:
(a) A
requirement that job candidates submit to a pre-employment drug, cannabis, or
alcohol test does not make the work unsuitable for purposes of ORS
657.176(2) and
657.190.
(b) If, after being referred by the
Employment Department, an individual does not apply for otherwise suitable work
because the employer requires a pre-employment drug, cannabis, or alcohol test,
the individual has committed a disqualifying act, unless the individual is
required to pay for costs associated with the drug, cannabis, or alcohol
test.
(c) If an individual does not
accept an offer of otherwise suitable work because the employer requires
pre-employment drug, cannabis, or alcohol testing, the individual has committed
a disqualifying act, unless the individual is required to pay for the costs
associated with the drug, cannabis, or alcohol test.
(9) The employee is discharged or suspended
for committing a disqualifying act if:
(a)
The employee violates or admits a violation of a reasonable written employer
policy governing the use, sale, possession or effects of drugs, cannabis, or
alcohol in the workplace; unless in the case of drugs the employee can show
that the violation did not result from unlawful drug use.
(b) In the absence of a test, there is clear
observable evidence that the employee is under the influence of alcohol in the
workplace.
(10) For the
purposes of ORS 657.176(9) and
(10):
(a)
Testing for drugs, cannabis, or alcohol must be conducted in accordance with
ORS 438.435.
(b) Breathalyzer tests for alcohol must be
conducted in accordance with ORS
659A.300 and ORS
659.840.
(11) If the employer discharges or suspends
an employee because of use, sale, or possession of drugs, cannabis, or alcohol
in the workplace and the employer has no written policy regarding the use,
sale, or possession of drugs, cannabis, or alcohol in the workplace, the
provisions of OAR 471-030-0038 apply.
Statutory/Other Authority: ORS
657.610
Statutes/Other Implemented: ORS
657.176 & Ch. 792 & OL
2003 (SB 916)