Current through all regulations passed and filed through September 16, 2024
(A) This rule describes how life insurance
policies are treated for purposes of determining medical assistance
eligibility.
(B) Definitions of
terms contained within life insurance policies.
(1) "Accelerated life insurance payments"
means some or all of the proceeds from the life insurance policy are paid out
to the policy owner prior to the death of the insured.
(2) "Beneficiary" means an individual or
entity named in the contract to receive the policy proceeds upon the death of
the insured.
(3) "Cash surrender
value (CSV)" means a form of equity value that the policy acquires over time.
The owner of a policy can obtain its CSV only by turning the policy in for
cancellation before it matures or the insured dies. A loan against a policy
reduces its CSV. The value usually increases with the age of the
policy.
(4) "Dividend
accumulations" are dividends which accrue in an account that the insurance
company controls for the policy owner. The policy owner can access the funds
without penalty at any time without affecting the policy's face value (FV) or
CSV. Dividend accumulations cannot be excluded from resources under the life
insurance exclusion, even if the policy that pays the accumulations is excluded
from resources. Unless they can be excluded under another provision, they are a
countable resource.
(5) "Dividend
additions" are amounts of insurance purchased with dividends and added to the
policy, increasing its death benefit and CSV. The table of CSV's that comes
with a policy does not reflect the added CSV of any dividend
additions.
(6) "Dividends", for the
purpose of this rule, means periodically (annually, as a rule), the insurer may
pay a share of any surplus company earnings to the policy owner as a dividend.
Depending on the life insurance company and type of policy involved, dividends
can be applied to premiums due, paid by check to the owner, or by an addition
or accumulation to an existing policy.
(7) "Face value" (FV) means the amount of
basic death benefit contracted for at the time the policy is purchased. It is
the amount to be paid out when the insured dies.
(8) "Insured" means the individual whose life
is covered by the life insurance policy.
(9) "Insurer" means the company or
association which contracts with the owner.
(10) "A life insurance policy" means a
contract under which the insurer agrees to pay a specified amount to a
designated beneficiary upon the death of the insured.
(11) "Owner" means the individual with the
right to change such policy. It is normally the person who pays the
premiums.
(12) "Term life
insurance" means an insurance policy that provides coverage for a specified
period at a guaranteed rate. Usually does not have a CSV. Policy
owners have the option of converting some term life policies into universal
life or whole life insurance policies.
(13) "Universal life insurance" means an
insurance policy that provides insurance over a specified period with greater
flexibility on premium payment and potential for higher internal rates of
return and builds CSV for policy owners over time.
(14) "Whole life insurance" means an
insurance policy that applies part of the premium payments to build CSV for the
policy owner.
(C) A life
insurance policy is a countable resource to the policy owner for medical
assistance purposes if it generates a CSV. Its value as a resource is the
amount of the CSV.
(1) The total CSV of all
life insurance policies for an individual is excluded if the total face value
of the policies is equal to or less than one thousand five hundred dollars for
any one individual. If the total face value of all life insurance policies for
any one individual is more than one thousand five hundred dollars, then the
total CSV of all the policies for that individual is counted toward the
applicable resource limit. Policies in which a CSV has not yet accrued are
still considered available when determining the total face value of the
individual's life insurance policies.
(2) Life insurance policies in which no CSV
will ever accrue (e.g., term life insurance), are not considered in determining
the face value of the insurance policies, and are excluded from all
computations. In addition, burial insurance policies are not considered in
computing face value. Burial insurance is insurance which by its terms can only
be used to pay the burial expense of the insured and will not accrue any
CSV.
(3) When the face value of all
countable life insurance policies on an ineligible individual exceeds one
thousand five hundred dollars and deeming is required, the cash value of the
policies is combined with the ineligible individual's other countable resources
and appropriately deemed to the eligible individual.
(D) The individual must submit all policies
that the individual and spouse own. The following information must be recorded
in the case record:
(1) Name of
insured;
(2) Name of
owner;
(3) Type of insurance (whole
life, universal life, or term life);
(4) Date the policy was purchased;
(5) Maturity date of policy, if
specified;
(6) Face
value;
(7) Cash surrender value, if
applicable;
(8) Amount of loans
outstanding against the policy, if applicable;
(9) For term insurance, amount of premium and
frequency;
(10) Contact information
for the insurance company to include address and phone number; and
(11) Policy number;
(E) Factors to consider when determining
whether a life insurance policy is a resource:
(1) If the policy does not have a CSV due to
the type of policy, further examination is not necessary. If the policy does
have a CSV, the administrative agency must distinguish between the owner of the
policy and the insured.
(2) The
owner of the policy is the only individual who can receive the proceeds under
the cash surrender provisions of the policy. Therefore, it is not material that
the individual (or spouse) is the insured individual if the individual is not
also the owner of the policy. If this is the case, there is no resource
available.
(3) A life insurance
policy is an available resource only when the policy is owned by the individual
or person whose resources are deemed to the individual. If the consent of
another person is needed to surrender a policy for its full CSV, the policy is
available as a resource after the individual has obtained the consent. The
individual must make a reasonable effort to obtain consent. If the consent
cannot be obtained, the policy is not available. Any doubt about possible
availability is resolved by contacting the insurance company. A determination
would need to be made as to whether an improper transfer had
occurred.
(4) The exclusion of a
total of one thousand five hundred dollars face value of countable insurance
policies applies to each individual separately and does not mean an average of
one thousand five hundred dollars per person. An individual and spouse are each
allowed one thousand five hundred dollars but not any combination of values for
a three thousand dollar total for both.
(5) CSV of a policy is determined by
contacting the insurance company whenever there is any question regarding the
current value.
(6) The insurance
exclusion does not apply to a matured endowment policy since the owner may
elect to receive the total face value at any time. If the individual leaves the
matured policy on deposit with the insurance company, it is no longer
classified as insurance but is considered an investment at interest (the same as money in a savings
account).
(F) Evaluating
the insurance policy.
(1) Face value. The face
value on the insurance policy may be labeled the "face amount," "sum insured,"
"amount of insurance" or "amount of this policy."
(a) The face value does not include
additional benefits payable because of special conditions such as double
indemnity riders, which apply in the event of accidental death.
(b) If the face value cannot be determined,
the insurance company or local agent must be contacted for clarification. For
example, the insurance company must be contacted to clarify the value when
there has been a lapse in the policy because of nonpayment of premiums which
results in some other insurance option becoming effective. If the information
is obtained by telephone, the name, title and telephone number of the person
contacted, and the name and address of the insurance company and the details of
the conversation are documented in the case record.
(2) Cash surrender value. To compute the cash
surrender value of a life insurance policy, it is necessary to know whether the
premiums are up-to-date or in default (have not been paid) and to read the
conditions in the policy affecting cash surrender. The anniversary date of a
policy is the same day and month as the date of issuance. Verification of the
cash surrender value must be obtained from the insurance company if the CSV, on
its own, or in conjunction with other resources is close to the applicable
resource limit.
(3) Dividends.
(a) Dividend additions.
(i) The FV of dividend additions are not
included when determining whether a life insurance policy is countable or
excluded as a resource.
(ii) If the
life insurance policy is a countable resource, include the CSV of dividend
additions when determining the resource value of the policy.
(iii) If the life insurance policy is an
excluded resource, the CSV of the dividend additions is not included when
determining the individual's countable resources.
(b) Dividend accumulations.
(i) Dividend accumulations are not excluded
under the life insurance provision, even if the life insurance policy that pays
the dividend accumulation is excluded.
(ii) Unless the dividend accumulations are
excluded under another provision, dividend accumulations are countable as a
resource, even if the life insurance policy is excluded because the policy's FV
is one thousand five hundred dollars or less.
(c) Dividends count as income if the total FV
of all the life insurance policies on any one person does not exceed one
thousand five hundred dollars. Dividends are excluded as income if the life
insurance policy is countable as a resource.
(4) An owner's failure to pay the premiums on
the life insurance policy or failure to elect an option within a certain period
of time after defaulting on the premiums generally causes an option to apply
automatically. The CSV is usually applied by the company along with any
dividends to buy extended life insurance. Under these circumstances, the face
amount of the life insurance is uncertain and there is a possibility that a
certain option or options have come into play. It is necessary for the
insurance company to compute the actual CSV before a determination of
eligibility can be made. The current face value and CSV must be obtained from
the insurance company.
(5) When an
individual has borrowed on a life insurance policy, the amount of the CSV
depends upon the outstanding loan. Under these circumstances, the
administrative agency must contact the insurance company to determine the
amount of the CSV.
(G)
Treatment of accelerated life insurance payments.
(1) Most accelerated payment plans fall into
three basic types, depending on the circumstances which cause or trigger the
payments to be accelerated. These types are the following:
(a) Long term care model, which allows the
policyholders to access their death benefits should they require extended
confinement in a care facility or, in some instances, health care services at
home;
(b) Dread disease or
catastrophic illness model, which allows policyholders to access their death
benefits if they contract or acquire one of a number of specified covered
conditions; and
(c) Terminal
illness model, which allows policyholders to access their death benefits
following a diagnosis of terminal illness where death is likely to occur within
a specified number of months.
(2) Some companies refer to these types of
payments as "living needs" or "accelerated death" payments.
(3) Depending on the type of accelerated
payment plan, receipt of accelerated payments may reduce the policy's face
value by the amount of the payments and may reduce the CSV in a manner
proportionate to the reduction in face value. In some cases, a lien may be
attached to the policy in the amount of the accelerated payments and a
proportionate reduction in CSV results.
(4) Accelerated payments are not "benefits"
for purposes of exploring potential income. It is not required that a
policyholder apply for accelerated payments as a condition of obtaining or
retaining medical assistance eligibility.
(5) Since accelerated payments can be used to
meet food or shelter needs, the payments are income in the month received and a
resource if retained into the following month and not otherwise
excludable.
(6) The receipt of an
accelerated payment is not treated as a conversion of a resource for medicaid
purposes. This is because, under an accelerated arrangement, an individual
receives proceeds from the policy, not the policy's resource value, which is
its CSV.