SECTION
2101
HYDRONIC PIPING SYSTEMS
INSTALLATION
2101.1
General.
Hydronic piping shall conform to Table 2101.1. Approved
piping, valves, fittings and connections shall be installed in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions. Pipe and fittings shall be rated for use at
the operating temperature and pressure of the hydronic system. Used pipe,
fittings, valves or other materials shall be free of foreign materials.
TABLE 2101.1
HYDRONIC PIPING AND FITTING
MATERIALS
|
MATERIAL
|
USE
CODEa
|
STANDARDb
|
JOINTS
|
NOTES
|
|
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
(ABS) plastic pipe
|
1, 5
|
ASTM D1527
ASTM F2806
ASTM F2969
|
Solvent cement
joints
|
-
|
|
Chlorinated poly (vinyl
chloride) (CPVC) pipe and tubing
|
1, 2, 3
|
ASTM D2846
|
Solvent cement joints,
compression joints and threaded
|
-
|
|
Copper and copper-alloy
pipe
|
1
|
ASTM B42, B43,
B302
|
Brazed, soldered and mechanical
fi threaded, welded and flanged
|
-
|
|
Copper and copper-alloy tubing
(Type K, L or M)
|
1, 2
|
ASME B 16.51, ASTM B75, B88,
B135, B251, B306
|
Brazed, soldered,
press-connected and flared mechanical fittings
|
Joints embedded in concrete
shall be brazed.
|
|
Cross-linked polyethylene
(PEX)
|
1, 2, 3
|
ASTM F876
|
(See PEX fitting
|
Install in accordance
manufacturer's instructions
|
|
Cross-linked polyethylene/
aluminum/ cross-linked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) pressure pipe
|
1, 2
|
ASTM F1281 or CAN/ CSA B
137.10
|
Mechanical,
crimp/insert
|
Install in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions
|
|
PEX fittings
|
|
ASTM F877
ASTM F1807
ASTM F1960
ASTM F2098
ASTM F2159
ASTM F2735
|
Copper crimp/insert fittings,
cold expansion fittings, stainless steel clamp, insert fittings
|
Install in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions
|
|
Polybutylene (PB) pipe and
tubing
|
1, 2, 3
|
ASTM D3309
|
Heat-fusion, crimp/insert and
compression
|
Joints in concrete shall be
heat-fused
|
|
Polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) pressure
pipe
|
1, 2, 3
|
ASTM F1282
CSA B 137.9
|
Mechanical,
crimp/insert
|
-
|
|
Polypropylene (PP)
|
1, 2, 3
|
ISO 15874
ASTM F2389
|
Heat- fusion joints, mechanical
fittings, threaded adapters, compression joints
|
-
|
|
Raised temperature polyethylene
(PERT)
|
1, 2, 3
|
ASTM F2623,
ASTM F2769,
CSA B 137.18
|
Copper crimp/insert fitting,
stainless steel clamp, insert fittings
|
-
|
|
Raised temperature Polyethylene
(PERT) fittings
|
1, 2, 3
|
ASTM D3261
ASTM F1807
ASTM F2098
ASTM F2159
ASTM F2735
ASTM F2769
CSA B 137.18
|
Copper crimp/insert fitting,
stainless steel clamp, insert fittings
|
-
|
|
Steel pipe
|
1, 2
|
ASTM A53
ASTM A106
|
Brazed, welded, threaded,
flanged and mechanical fittings
|
Joints in concrete shall be
welded. Galvanized pipe shall not be welded or brazed.
|
|
Steel tubing
|
1
|
ASTM A254
|
Mechanical fittings,
welded
|
-
|
For SI: °C = [(°F)-32]/
1.8.
a.
Use code:
1.
Above ground.
2.
Embedded in
radiant systems.
3.
Temperatures below 180°F only.
4.
Low temperature
(below 130°F) applications only.
5.
Temperatures below
160°F only.
b.
Standards as listed in Chapter 44.
2101.2
System drain down.
Hydronic piping systems shall be installed to permit
draining of the system. Where the system drains to the plumbing drainage
system, the installation shall conform to the requirements of
the
plumbing code as modified by Chapter 25.
Exception:
The buried portions of systems embedded underground or
under floors.
2101.3
Protection of potable water.
The potable water system shall be protected from
backflow in accordance with the plumbing code as modified by Chapter
25.
2101.4
Pipe penetrations.
Openings through concrete or masonry building elements
shall be sleeved.
2101.5
Contact with building material.
A hydronic piping system shall not be in direct contact
with any building material that causes the piping material to degrade or
corrode.
2101.6
Drilling and notching.
Wood-framed structural members shall be drilled, notched or
altered in accordance with the provisions of Sections 502.8, 602.6, 602.6.1 and
802.7. Holes in load-bearing members of cold-formed steel light-frame
construction shall be permitted only in accordance with Sections 505.2.6,
603.2.6 and 804.2.6. In accordance with the provisions of Sections 505.3.5,
603.3.4 and 804.3.3, cutting and notching of flanges and lips of load-bearing
members of cold-formed steel light-frame construction shall not be permitted.
Structural insulated panels (SIPs) shall be drilled and notched or altered in
accordance with the provisions of Section 610.7.
2101.7
Prohibited tee applications.
Fluid in the supply side of a hydronic system shall not
enter a tee fitting through the branch opening.
2101.8
Expansion, contraction and settlement.
Piping shall be installed so that piping, connections
and equipment shall not be subjected to excessive strains or stresses.
Provisions shall be made to compensate for expansion, contraction, shrinkage
and structural settlement.
2101.9
Piping
support.
Hangers and supports shall be of
material of sufficient strength to support the piping, and shall be fabricated
from materials compatible with the piping material. Piping shall be supported
at intervals not exceeding the spacing specified in Table 2101.9.
TABLE 2101.9
HANGER SPACING
INTERVALS
|
PIPING
MATERIAL
|
MAXIMUM HORIZONTAL
SPACING (feet)
|
MAXIMUM VERTICAL SPACING
(feet)
|
|
ABS
|
4
|
10a
|
|
CPVC
< 1-inch pipe or tubing
|
3
|
5a
|
|
CPVC
> 11/4 inches
|
4
|
10a
|
|
Copper or copper-alloy
pipe
|
12
|
10
|
|
Copper or copper-alloy
tubing
|
6
|
10
|
|
PB pipe or tubing
|
2.67
|
4
|
|
PE pipe or tubing
|
2.67
|
4
|
|
PE-RT
< 1 inch
|
2.67
|
10a
|
|
PE-RT
> 11/4 inches
|
4
|
10a
|
|
PEX tubing
< 1 inch
|
2.67
|
4
|
|
PEX tubing
> 11/4 inches
|
4
|
10a
|
|
PP < 1-inch pipe or
tubing
|
2.67
|
4
|
|
PP > 11/4
inches
|
4
|
10a
|
|
PVC
|
4
|
10a
|
|
Steel pipe
|
12
|
15
|
|
Steel tubing
|
8
|
10
|
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot =
304.8 mm.
a.
For sizes 2 inches and smaller, a guide shall be
installed midway between required vertical supports. Such guides shall prevent
pipe movement in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the
pipe.
2101.10
Tests.
Hydronic piping systems shall be tested hydrostatically at a
pressure of one and one-half times the maximum system design pressure, but not
less than 100 pounds per square inch (689 kPa). The duration of each test shall
be not less than 15 minutes.
Exception:
For PEX piping systems, testing with a compressed gas
shall be an alternative to hydrostatic testing where compressed air or other
gas pressure testing is specifically authorized by all of the manufacturers'
instructions for the PEX pipe and fittings products installed at the time the
system is being tested, and compressed air or other gas testing is not
otherwise prohibited by applicable codes, laws, or regulations outside of this
code.
SECTION
2103
FLOOR HEATING
SYSTEMS
2103.1
Piping materials.
Piping for embedment in concrete or gypsum materials shall
be standard-weight steel pipe, copper and copper-alloy pipe and tubing,
cross-linked polyethylene/aluminum/cross-linked polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX)
pressure pipe, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC), polybutylene,
cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing, polyethylene of raised temperature
(PE-RT) or polypropylene (PP) with a rating of not less than 100 psi at
180°F (690 kPa at 82°C).
2103.2
Thermal
barrier required.
Radiant floor heating
systems shall have a thermal barrier in accordance with Sections 2103.2.1 and
2103.2.2. Insulation Rvalues for slab-on-grade and suspended floor
installations shall be in accordance with Chapter 11.
Exception:
Insulation shall not be required in engineered systems
where it can be demonstrated that the insulation will decrease the efficiency
or have a negative effect on the installation.
2103.2.1
Thermal break required.
A thermal break consisting of asphalt expansion joint
materials or similar insulating materials shall be provided at a point where a
heated slab meets a foundation wall or other conductive slab.
2103.2.2
Thermal barrier material marking.
Insulating materials used in thermal barriers shall be
installed so that the manufacturer's R-value mark is readily observable upon
inspection.
2103.3
Piping joints.
Copper and copper-alloy systems shall be soldered,
brazed, or press connected. Soldering shall be in accordance with ASTM B828.
Fluxes for soldering shall be in accordance with ASTM B813. Brazing fluxes
shall be in accordance with AWS A 5.31. Press-connect joints shall be in
accordance with ASME B 16.51. Piping joints that are embedded shall be
installed in accordance with the following requirements:
1.
Steel pipe joints
shall be welded.
2.
Copper tubing shall be joined by brazing complying with
the plumbing code as modified by Chapter 25.
3.
Polybutylene pipe
and tubing joints shall be installed with socket-type heat-fused polybutylene
fittings.
4.
CPVC tubing shall be joined using solvent cement
joints.
5.
Polypropylene pipe and tubing joints shall be installed
with socket-type heat-fused polypropylene fittings.
6.
Cross-linked
polyethylene (PEX) tubing shall be joined using cold expansion, insert or
compression fittings.
7.
Raised temperature polyethylene (PE-RT) tubing shall be
joined using insert or compression fittings.
2103.4
Testing.
Piping or
tubing to be embedded shall be tested by applying a hydrostatic pressure of not
less than 100 psi (690 kPa). The pressure shall be maintained for 30 minutes,
during which the joints shall be visually inspected for
leaks.
SECTION 2104
LOW TEMPERATURE
PIPING
2104.1
Piping materials.
Low
temperature piping for embedment in concrete or gypsum materials shall be as
indicated in Table 2101.1.
2104.2
Piping
joints.
Piping joints that are embedded,
other than those in Section M 2103.3, shall comply with the following
requirements:
1.
Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
2.
Polyethylene
tubing shall be installed with heat-fusion joints.
3.
Polypropylene (PP)
tubing shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions.
4.
Raised temperature polyethylene (PE-RT) shall be
installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
2104.3
Raised temperature polyethylene (PE-RT) plastic
tubing.
Joints between raised temperature
polyethylene tubing and fittings shall conform to Sections 2104.3.1 through
2104.3.3. Mechanical joints shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
2104.3.1
Compression-type fittings.
Where compression-type fittings include inserts and
ferrules or O-rings, the fittings shall be installed without omitting such
inserts and ferrules or O-rings.
2104.3.2
PE-RT-to-metal connections.
Solder joints in a metal pipe shall not occur within 18
inches (457 mm) of a transition from such metal pipe to PE-RT
pipe.
2104.3.3
PE-RT insert fittings.
PE-RT insert fittings shall be installed in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions.
2104.4
Polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) pressure
pipe.
Joints between
polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene pressure pipe and fittings shall conform to
Sections 2104.4.1 and 2104.4.2. Mechanical joints shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
2104.4.1
Compression-type fittings.
Where compression-type fittings include inserts and
ferrules or O-rings, the fittings shall be installed without omitting such
inserts and ferrules or O-rings.
2104.4.2
PE-AL-PE-to-metal connections.
Solder joints in a metal pipe shall not occur within 18
inches (457 mm) of a transition from such metal pipe to PE-AL-PE
pipe.
SECTION
2105
GROUND-SOURCE HEAT-PUMP SYSTEM
LOOP PIPING
2105.1
Plastic ground-source heat-pump loop
piping.
Plastic piping and tubing material
used in water-based ground-source heat-pump ground-loop systems shall conform
to the standards specified in this section.
2105.2
Used
materials.
Reused pipe, fittings, valves,
and other materials shall not be used in ground-source heat-pump loop
systems.
2105.3
Material rating.
Pipe
and tubing shall be rated for the operating temperature and pressure of the
ground-source heat-pump loop system. Fittings shall be suitable for the
pressure applications and recommended by the manufacturer for installation with
the pipe and tubing material installed. Where used underground, materials shall
be suitable for burial.
2105.4
Piping
and tubing materials standards.
Ground-source heat-pump ground-loop pipe and tubing shall
conform to the standards listed in Table 2105.4.
TABLE 2105.4
GROUND-SOURCE LOOP
PIPE
|
MATERIAL
|
STANDARD
|
|
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride
(CPVC)
|
ASTM D2846; ASTM F437; ASTM
F438; ASTM F439; ASTM F441; ASTM F442; CSA B 137.6
|
|
Cross-linked polyethylene
(PEX)
|
ASTM F876;
CSA B 137.5
|
|
High-density polyethylene
(HDPE)
|
ASTM D2737; ASTM D3035; ASTM
F714; AWWA C901; CSA B 137.1; CSA C448; NSF 358-1
|
|
Polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene pressure pipe
(PE-AL-PE)
|
ASTM F1282; AWWA C 903; CSA B
137.9
|
|
Polypropylene
(PP-R)
|
ASTM F2389; CSA B 137.11, NSF
358-2
|
|
Polyvinyl chloride
(PVC)
|
ASTM D1785; ASTM D2241; CSA
137.3
|
|
Raised temperature polyethylene
(PE-RT)
|
ASTM F2623; ASTM F2769, CSA B
137.18
|
2105.5
Fittings.
Ground-source heat-pump pipe fittings shall be approved for
installation with the piping materials to be installed, shall conform to the
standards listed in Table 2105.5 and, where installed underground, shall be
suitable for burial.
TABLE 2105.5
GROUND-SOURCE LOOP PIPE
FITTINGS
|
PIPE
MATERIAL
|
STANDARD
|
|
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride
(CPVC)
|
ASTM D2846; ASTM F437; ASTM
F438; ASTM F439; ASTM F1970; CSA B 137.6
|
|
Cross-linked polyethylene
(PEX)
|
ASTM F877; ASTM F1807; ASTM
F1960; ASTM F2080; ASTM F2159; ASTM F2434; CSA B 137.5
|
|
High-density polyethylene
(HDPE)
|
ASTM D2683; ASTM D3261; ASTM
F1055; CSA B 137.1; CSA C448; NSF 358-1
|
|
Polyethylene/aluminum/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE)
|
ASTM F1282; ASTM F2434; CSA B
137.9
|
|
Polypropylene
(PP-R)
|
ASTM F2389; CSA B 137.11; NSF
358-2
|
|
Polyvinyl chloride
(PVC)
|
ASTM D2464; ASTM D2466; ASTM
D2467; ASTM F1970, CSA B 137.2; CSA B 137.3
|
|
Raised temperature polyethylene
(PE-RT)
|
ASTM D2683; ASTM D3261; ASTM
F1055; ASTM F1807; ASTM F2098; ASTM F2159; ASTM F2735; ASTM F2769; CSA B 137.1;
CSA B 137.18
|
2105.6
Joints and connections.
Joints and connections shall be of an approved type.
Joints and connections shall be tight for the pressure of the ground-source
loop system. Joints used underground shall be approved for such
applications.
2105.6.1
Joints between different piping materials.
Joints between different piping materials shall be made
with approved transition fittings.
2105.7
Preparation of pipe ends.
Pipe shall be cut square, reamed, and shall be free of
burrs and obstructions. CPVC, PE and PVC pipe shall be chamfered. Pipe ends
shall have full-bore openings and shall not be undercut.
2105.8
Joint
preparation and installation.
Where
required by Sections 2105.9 through
2105.11, the preparation and
installation of mechanical and thermoplastic-welded joints shall comply with
Sections 2105.8.1 and 2105.8.2.
2105.8.1
Mechanical joints.
Mechanical joints shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
2105.8.2
Thermoplastic-welded joints.
Joint surfaces for thermoplastic-welded joints shall be
cleaned by an approved procedure. Joints shall be welded in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
2105.9
CPVC
plastic pipe.
Joints between CPVC plastic
pipe or fittings shall be solvent-cemented in accordance with Section
2906.9.1.2. Threaded joints between fittings and CPVC plastic pipe shall be in
accordance with Section 2105.9.1.
2105.9.1
Threaded joints.
Threads shall conform to ASME B1.20.1. The pipe shall be
Schedule 80 or heavier plastic pipe and shall be threaded with dies
specifically designed for plastic pipe. Thread lubricant, pipe-joint compound
or tape shall be applied on the male threads only and shall be approved for
application on the piping material.
2105.10
Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plastic tubing.
Joints between cross-linked polyethylene plastic tubing
and fittings shall comply with Sections 2105.10.1 and 2105.10.2. Mechanical
joints shall comply with Section 2105.8.1.
2105.10.1
Compression-type fittings.
Where compression-type fittings include inserts and
ferrules or O-rings, the fittings shall be installed without omitting the
inserts and ferrules or O-rings.
2105.10.2
Plastic-to-metal connections.
Solder joints in a metal pipe shall not occur within 18
inches (457 mm) of a transition from such metal pipe to plastic pipe or
tubing.
2105.11
Polyethylene plastic pipe and
tubing.
Joints between polyethylene
plastic pipe and tubing or fittings for ground-source heat-pump loop systems
shall be heat-fusion joints complying with Section 2105.11.1, electrofusion
joints complying with Section 2105.11.2, or stab-type insertion joints
complying with Section 2105.11.3.
2105.11.1
Heat-fusion joints.
Joints shall be of the socket-fusion, saddle-fusion or
butt-fusion type, and joined in accordance with ASTM D2657. Joint surfaces
shall be clean and free from moisture. Joint surfaces shall be heated to melt
temperatures and joined. The joint shall remain undisturbed until cool.
Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM D2683 or ASTM
D3261.
2105.11.2
Electrofusion joints.
Joints shall be of the electrofusion type. Joint surfaces
shall be clean and free from moisture, and scoured to expose virgin resin.
Joint surfaces shall be heated to melt temperatures for the period of time
specified by the manufacturer. The joint shall remain undisturbed until cool.
Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM F1055.
2105.11.3
Stab-type insert fittings.
Joint surfaces shall be clean and free from moisture.
Pipe ends shall be chamfered and inserted into the fittings to full depth.
Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM F1924.
2105.12
Polypropylene (PP) plastic.
Joints between PP plastic pipe and fittings shall
comply with Sections 2105.12.1 and 2105.12.2.
2105.12.1
Heat-fusion joints.
Heat-fusion joints for polypropylene (PP) pipe and tubing
joints shall be installed with socket-type heat-fused polypropylene fittings,
electrofusion polypropylene fittings or by butt fusion. Joint surfaces shall be
clean and free from moisture. The joint shall remain undisturbed until cool.
Joints shall be made in accordance with ASTM F2389.
2105.12.2
Mechanical and compression sleeve joints.
Mechanical and compression sleeve joints shall be
installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
2105.13
Raised temperature polyethylene (PE-RT) plastic
tubing.
Joints between raised temperature
polyethylene tubing and fittings shall comply with Sections 2105.13.1 through
2105.13.4. Mechanical joints shall comply with Section 2105.8.1.
2105.13.1
Compression-type fittings.
Where compression-type fittings include inserts and
ferrules or O-rings, the fittings shall be installed without omitting the
inserts and ferrules or O-rings.
2105.13.2
PE-RT-to-metal connections.
Solder joints in a metal pipe shall not occur within 18
inches (457 mm) of a transition from such metal pipe to PE-RT pipe or
tubing.
2105.13.3
Heat-fusion joints.
Heat-fusion joints shall be of the socket-fusion,
saddle-fusion or butt-fusion type, and shall be joined in accordance with ASTM
D2657. Joint surfaces shall be clean and free from moisture. Joint surfaces
shall be heated to melt temperatures and joined. The joint shall remain
undisturbed until cool. Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM
D2683 or ASTM D3261.
2105.13.4
Electrofusion joints.
Joints shall be of the electrofusion type. Joint surfaces
shall be clean and free from moisture and scoured to expose virgin resin. Joint
surfaces shall be heated to melt temperatures for the period of time specified
by the manufacturer and joined. The joint shall remain undisturbed until cool.
Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance with ASTM F1055.
2105.14
PVC plastic pipe.
Joints between PVC plastic pipe or fittings shall be
solvent-cemented in accordance with Section 2906.9.1.4. Threaded joints between
fittings and PVC plastic pipe shall be in accordance with Section
2105.9.1.
2105.15
Shutoff valves.
Shutoff
valves shall be installed in ground-source loop piping systems in the locations
indicated in Sections 2105.15.1 through 2105.15.6.
2105.15.1
Heat
exchangers.
Shutoff valves shall be
installed on the supply and return side of a heat exchanger.
Exception: Shutoff valves
shall not be required where heat exchangers are integral with a boiler or are a
component of a manufacturer's boiler and heat exchanger packaged unit and are
capable of being isolated from the hydronic system by the supply and return
valves required by Section 2001.3.
2105.15.2
Central systems.
Shutoff valves shall be installed on the building supply and
return of a central utility system.
2105.15.3
Pressure vessels.
Shutoff valves shall be installed on the connection to any
pressure vessel.
2105.15.4
Pressure-reducing valves.
Shutoff valves shall be installed on both sides of a
pressure-reducing valve.
2105.15.5
Equipment and appliances.
Shutoff valves shall be installed on connections to
mechanical equipment and appliances. This requirement does not apply to
components of ground-source loop systems such as pumps, air separators,
metering devices, and similar equipment.
2105.15.6
Expansion tanks.
Shutoff valves shall be installed at connections to non
diaphragm-type expansion tanks.
2105.16
Reduced
pressure.
A pressure relief valve shall be
installed on the low-pressure side of a hydronic piping system that has been
reduced in pressure. The relief valve shall be set at the maximum pressure of
the system design. The valve shall be installed in accordance with Section
2002.
2105.17
Installation.
Piping,
valves, fittings, and connections shall be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions.
2105.18
Protection of potable water.
Where ground-source heat-pump ground-loop systems have
a connection to a potable water supply, the potable water system shall be
protected from backflow in accordance with Section 2902.
2105.19
Pipe
penetrations.
Openings for pipe
penetrations in walls, floors and ceilings shall be larger than the penetrating
pipe. Openings through concrete or masonry building elements shall be sleeved.
The annular space surrounding pipe penetrations shall be protected in
accordance with Section 2606.1.
2105.20
Clearance from combustibles.
A pipe in a ground-source heat pump piping system
having an exterior surface temperature exceeding 250°F (121°C) shall
have a clearance of not less than 1 inch (25 mm) from combustible
materials.
2105.21
Contact with building material.
A ground-source heat-pump ground-loop piping system
shall not be in direct contact with building materials that cause the piping or
fitting material to degrade or corrode, or that interfere with the operation of
the system.
2105.22
Strains and stresses.
Piping shall be installed so as to prevent detrimental
strains and stresses in the pipe. Provisions shall be made to protect piping
from damage resulting from expansion, contraction and structural settlement.
Piping shall be installed so as to avoid structural stresses or strains within
building components.
2105.22.1
Flood hazard.
Piping located in a flood hazard area shall be capable
of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and stresses, including the
effects of buoyancy, during the occurrence of flooding to the design flood
elevation.
2105.23
Pipe support.
Pipe shall be supported in accordance with Section
2101.9.
2105.24
Velocities.
Ground-source heat-pump ground-loop systems shall be
designed so that the flow velocities do not exceed the maximum flow velocity
recommended by the pipe and fittings manufacturer. Flow velocities shall be
controlled to reduce the possibility of water hammer.
2105.25
Labeling and marking.
Ground-source heat-pump ground-loop system piping shall be
marked with tape, metal tags or other methods where it enters a building. The
marking shall state the following words: "GROUND-SOURCE HEAT-PUMP LOOP SYSTEM."
The marking shall indicate if antifreeze is used in the system and shall
indicate the chemicals by name and concentration.
2105.26
Chemical compatibility.
Antifreeze and other materials used in the system shall be
chemically compatible with the pipe, tubing, fittings and mechanical
systems.
2105.27
Makeup water.
The
transfer fluid shall be compatible with the makeup water supplied to the
system.
2105.28
Testing.
Before
connection header trenches are backfilled, the assembled loop system shall be
pressure tested with water at 100 psi (689 kPa) for 15 minutes without observed
leaks. Flow and pressure loss testing shall be performed and the actual flow
rates and pressure drops shall be compared to the calculated design values. If
actual flow rate or pressure drop values differ from calculated design values
by more than 10 percent, the cause shall be identified and corrective action
taken.
2105.29
Embedded piping.
Ground-source heat-pump ground-loop piping to be embedded in
concrete shall be pressure tested prior to pouring concrete. During pouring,
the pipe shall be maintained at the proposed operating pressure.
