Current through all regulations passed and filed through September 16, 2024
(A) Any landfill that is not covered by
paragraph (C) of this rule or paragraph (A) of rule
3745-68-05
of the Administrative Code must have a liner system for all portions of the
landfill(except for existing portions of such landfill). The liner system must
have:
(1) A liner that is designed,
constructed, and installed to prevent any migration of wastes out of the
landfill to the adjacent subsurface soil or ground water or surface water at
any time during the active life (including the closure period) of the landfill.
The liner must be constructed of materials that prevent wastes from passing
into the liner during the active life of the facility. The liner must be:
(a) Constructed of materials that have
appropriate chemical properties and sufficient strength and thickness to
prevent failure due to pressure gradients (including static head and external
hydrogeologic forces), physical contact with the waste or leachate to which
they are exposed, climatic conditions, the stress of installation, and the
stress of daily operation; and
(b)
Placed upon a foundation or base capable of providing support to the liner and
resistance to pressure gradients above and below the liner to prevent failure
of the liner due to settlement, compression, or uplift; and
(c) Installed to cover all surrounding earth
likely to be in contact with the waste or leachate; and
(2) A leachate collection and removal system
immediately above the liner that is designed, constructed, maintained, and
operated to collect and remove leachate from the landfill. The director will
specify design and operation conditions in the permit to ensure that the
leachate depth over the liner does not exceed thirty centimeters (one foot).
The leachate collection and removal system must be:
(a) Constructed of materials that are:
(i) Chemically resistant to the waste managed
in the landfill and the leachate expected to be generated; and
(ii) Of sufficient strength and thickness to
prevent collapse under the pressures exerted by overlying wastes, waste cover
materials, and by any equipment used at the landfill; and
(b) Designed and operated to function without
clogging through the scheduled closure of the landfill.
(B) The owner or operator will be
exempted from the requirements of paragraph (A) of this rule if the director
finds, based on a demonstration by the owner or operator, that alternative
design and operating practices, together with location characteristics, will
prevent the migration of any hazardous constituents (see rule
3745-54-93
of the Administrative Code) into the ground water or surface water at any
future time. In deciding whether to grant an exemption, the director will
consider:
(1) The nature and quantity of the
wastes; and
(2) The proposed
alternate design and operation; and
(3) The hydrogeologic setting of the
facility, including the attenuative capacity and thickness of the liners and
soils present between the landfill and ground water or surface water; and
(4) All other factors which would
influence the quality and mobility of the leachate produced and the potential
for it to migrate to ground water or surface water.
(C) The owner or operator of each new
landfill unit on which construction commences after January 29, 1992, each
lateral expansion of a landfill unit on which construction commences after July
29, 1992, and each replacement of an existing landfill unit that commences
reuse after July 29, 1992 must install two or more liners and a leachate
collection and removal system above and between such liners. "Construction
commences" is as defined in rule
3745-50-10
of the Administrative Code under"existing facility".
(1)
(a) The
liner system must include:
(i) A top liner
designed and constructed of materials (e.g., a geomembrane) to prevent the
migration of hazardous constituents into such liner during the active life and
post-closure care period; and
(ii)
A composite bottom liner, consisting of at least two components. The upper
component must be designed and constructed of materials (e.g., a geomembrane)
to prevent the migration of hazardous constituents into this component during
the active life and post-closure care period. The lower component must be
designed and constructed of materials to minimize the migration of hazardous
constituents if a breach in the upper component were to occur. The lower
component must be constructed of at least three feet (ninety-one centimeters)
of compacted soil material with a hydraulic conductivity of no more than 1 x
10-7 centimeters per second.
(b) The liners must comply with paragraphs
(A)(1)(a), (A)(1)(b), and (A)(1)(c) of this rule.
(2) The leachate collection and removal
system immediately above the top liner must be designed, constructed, operated,
and maintained to collect and remove leachate from the landfill during the
active life and post-closure care period. The director will specify design and
operating conditions in the permit to ensure that the leachate depth over the
liner does not exceed thirty centimeters (one foot). The leachate collection
and removal system must comply with paragraphs (C)(3)(c) and (C)(3)(d) of this
rule.
(3) The leachate collection
and removal system between the liners, and immediately above the bottom
composite liner in the case of multiple leachate collection and removal
systems, is also a leak detection system. This leak detection system must be
capable of detecting, collecting, and removing leaks of hazardous constituents
at the earliest practicable time through all areas of the top liner likely to
be exposed to waste or leachate during the active life and post-closure care
period. The requirements for a leak detection system in paragraphs (C) to
(C)(5) of this rule are satisfied by installation of a system that is, at a
minimum:
(a) Constructed with a bottom slope
of one per
cent or more;
(b) Constructed
of granular drainage materials with a hydraulic conductivity of 1 x 10-2
centimeters per second or more and a thickness of twelve inches ( 30.5
centimeters) or more; or constructed of synthetic or geonet drainage materials
with a transmissivity of 3 x 10-5 meters squared per second or more;
(c) Constructed of materials that are
chemically resistant to the waste managed in the landfill and the leachate
expected to be generated, and of sufficient strength and thickness to prevent
collapse under the pressures exerted by overlying wastes, waste cover
materials, and equipment used at the landfill;
(d) Designed and operated to minimize
clogging during the active life and post-closure care period; and
(e) Constructed with sumps and liquid removal
methods (e.g., pumps) of sufficient size to collect and remove liquids from the
sump and prevent liquids from backing up into the drainage layer. Each unit
must have its own sump(s). The design of each sump and removal system must
provide a method for measuring and recording the volume of liquids present in
the sump and of liquids removed.
(4) The owner or operator must collect and
remove pumpable liquids in the leak detection system sumps to minimize the head
on the bottom liner.
(5) The owner
or operator of a leak detection system that is not located completely above the
seasonal high water table must demonstrate that the operation of the leak
detection system will not be adversely affected by the presence of ground
water.
(D) The director
may approve alternative design or operating practices to those specified in
paragraphs (C) to (C)(5) of this rule if the owner or operator demonstrates to
the director that such design and operating practices, together with location
characteristics:
(1) Will prevent the
migration of any hazardous constituent into the ground water or surface water
at least as effectively as the liners and leachate collection and removal
systems specified in paragraphs (C) to (C)(5) of this rule; and
(2) Will allow detection of leaks of
hazardous constituents through the top liner at least as effectively.
(E) The double liner
requirement in paragraphs (C) to (C)(5) of this rule may be waived by the
director for any monofill, if:
(1) The
monofill contains only hazardous wastes from foundry furnace emission controls
or metal casting molding sand, and such wastes do not contain constituents
which would render the wastes hazardous for reasons other than the toxicity
characteristics in rule
3745-51-24
of the Administrative Code, with EPA hazardous waste numbers DO04 to DO 17; and
(2)
(a)
(i) The
monofill has at least one liner for which there is no evidence that such liner
is leaking;
(ii) The monofill is
located more than one-quarter mile from an "underground source of drinking water"(as that term is defined in rule
3745-50-10 of the Administrative Code); and
(iii) The monofill is in compliance with
generally applicable ground water monitoring requirements for facilities with
Ohio hazardous waste permits; or
(b) The owner or operator demonstrates that
the monofill is located, designed, and operated so as to assure that there will
be no migration of any hazardous constituent into ground water or surface water
at any future time.
(F) The owner or operator of any replacement
landfill unit is exempt from paragraphs (C) to (C)(5) of this rule if:
(1) The existing unit was constructed in
compliance with the design standards of Section
3004(o)(1)(A)(i) and Section (o)(5) of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; and
(2) There is no reason to believe that the
liner is not functioning as designed.
(G) The owner or operator must design,
construct, operate, and maintain a run-on control system capable of preventing
flow onto the active portion of the landfill during peak discharge from at
least a twenty-five-year storm.
(H)
The owner or operator must design, construct, operate, and maintain a run-off
management system to collect and control at least the water volume resulting
from a twenty-four-hour, twenty-five-year storm.
(I) Collection and holding facilities (e.g.,
tanks or basins) associated with run-on and run-off control systems must be
emptied or otherwise managed expeditiously after storms to maintain design
capacity of the system.
(J) If the
landfill contains any particulate matter which may be subject to wind
dispersal, the owner or operator must cover or otherwise manage the landfill to
control wind dispersal.
(K) The
director will specify in the permit all design and operating practices that are
necessary to ensure that the requirements of this rule are satisfied.
(L) Reserved.
[Comment: For dates of non-regulatory
government publications, publications of recognized organizations and
associations, federal rules, and federal statutory provisions referenced in
this rule, see rule
3745-50-11
of the Administrative Code titled"Incorporated by reference."]
