Current through all regulations passed and filed through September 16, 2024
(A)
All private water
systems using continuous disinfection and continuous filtration shall conform
to the requirements of this rule.
(B)
All water
treatment components shall be protected from weather, freezing, and
contamination, and located so as to be easily inspected, cleaned, and serviced.
With the exception of basement or accessible crawlspace installation, all water
treatment components of the system shall be stored above ground and housed in
an enclosed area.
(C)
All filter and disinfection systems shall be designed
so as to meet the calculated peak demand flow requirements of a household, but
be capable of providing no less than a ten gallon per minute
flow.
(D)
All disinfection tanks and components, filter tanks and
other treatment components required in this rule shall have a legible label
placed on the tank or component describing the specific function of the device.
It shall be the responsibility of the installing private water system
contractor to ensure that the tanks and components are properly
labeled.
(E)
The following private water systems shall be provided
with continuous disinfection, as provided in this rule:
(1)
Ponds;
(2)
Springs;
(3)
Cisterns;
(4)
Wells constructed
with less than fifteen feet of casing constructed in compliance with this
chapter;
(5)
Wells constructed with less than twenty-five feet, but
no less than fifteen feet, of casing constructed in compliance with this
chapter; and
(6)
Wells with fifteen or more feet of casing that have
been determined to be contaminated with bacteria that exceed the maximum
contaminant level in paragraph (N) of rule
3701-28-04 of the Administrative
Code shall be required to be provided with continuous disinfection if the
construction of the well is determined to be in satisfactory compliance with
this chapter and the aquifer is known or suspected of being contaminated with
bacteria that cause the well water to exceed the maximum contaminant level in
paragraph (N) of rule
3701-28-04 of the Administrative
Code.
(F)
Except private water systems utilizing ultraviolet
light for continuous disinfection and pond filtration systems, which shall
comply with the continuous filtration requirements of paragraph (J) of this
rule, the following private water systems shall be provided with additional
cyst reduction filtration that meets NSF 53-2016 or an equivalent standard as
provided in this rule. For private water systems that utilize ultraviolet light
for continuous disinfection an absolute five micron filter shall be provided
for the following systems in accordance with paragraph (H) of this rule:
(1)
Springs;
(2)
Cisterns;
(3)
Wells constructed
with fifteen feet or less of casing in compliance with this
chapter.
(G)
A sampling faucet shall be installed after each
disinfection and filtration step of a treatment train in accordance with
paragraph (E)(2) of rule
3701-28-08 of the Administrative
Code.
(H)
Private water systems utilizing cyst reduction
filtration shall meet the following requirements in addition to the
requirements in paragraph (F) of this rule:
(1)
The cyst
reduction filters shall be installed to ensure a minimum flow rate that is
adequate for the system owner's needs. Multiple cyst reduction filters used in
order to ensure the minimum or greater flow rate shall be installed in
parallel; and
(2)
Each cyst reduction filter housing shall be clearly
labeled with the size in absolute microns of the required cyst reduction
replacement filter.
(I)
All pond water
systems shall have a point-of-entry granular activated carbon filter installed
as the last step of the filtration portion of the treatment
train.
(J)
All pond water systems shall be continuously filtered
by one of the following methods:
(1)
A slow sand filter which meets the requirements of
paragraph (R) of this rule;
(2)
A pressurized
rapid sand filter system that meets the requirements of paragraph (S) of this
rule; or
(3)
A pre-coat filter that meets the requirements of
paragraph (T) of this rule.
(K)
Where continuous
disinfection is required pursuant to this chapter the means of disinfection
shall be measurable and it shall conform to the following requirements:
(1)
All chemical
disinfectants shall be readily available;
(2)
The residual of
the chemical disinfectant shall be measurable by the user;
(3)
Ultraviolet light
disinfection system dosage shall be measured as microwatts per second per
centimeter squared or equivalent millijoule. One millijoule equals one thousand
microwatt seconds per centimeter squared; and
(4)
Disinfection and
filter systems shall be designed to meet the peak water use demands of the
users or meet the maximum flow capability of the pump used.
(L)
Disinfectants shall be applied prior to the water storage tank or retention
tank to obtain the contact time required for the specific disinfectant
used.
(1)
Disinfectant solution reservoir tanks that use chlorine or iodine shall have a
label applied by the contractor installing the system that states in bold one
half inch lettering the warning "Failure to maintain the solution in the tank
at concentrations sufficient to ensure continuous disinfection of the household
water supply increases the possible health risk to the users."
(2)
A disinfection
system contact tank shall conform to the following:
(a)
The contractor
installing the system shall apply a label that identifies the component as the
"retention tank for the disinfection system."
(b)
For one-, two-,
or three-family dwellings the disinfection system contact tank shall be a
minimum of one hundred twenty gallons per household being served and be
designed to reduce short-circuiting of the disinfection solution through the
contact tank. A contact tank less than one hundred twenty gallons can be used
if the tank design ensures adequate contact time and is approved by the
department.
(c)
In the case of buildings with private water systems
serving up to twenty-four people or having more than three service connections,
the system contact tank shall be of adequate size to ensure at least eight
minutes of contact when used at peak demand and be designed to reduce
short-circuiting of the disinfection solution through the contact
tank.
(d)
A contact tank is not required to be installed when
chlorination or iodination is being used to maintain a chemical residual in the
distribution lines immediately following continuous disinfection by ultraviolet
light or ozone that are installed in accordance with this rule.
(M)
If chlorination is the means of disinfection, it shall
conform to the following requirements:
(1)
Sufficient
chlorine shall be added to satisfy the demand;
(2)
The CT value
(contact time multiplied by the free chlorine residual in milligrams per liter)
for disinfection shall be four or greater; and
(3)
The free chlorine
residual in the water piping system shall be a minimum of 0.4 milligrams per
liter after eight minutes of contact.
(N)
If an ultraviolet
light (UV) system is used as the primary means of disinfection or is otherwise
installed as an additional treatment device it shall meet all of the
requirements of NSF 55-2017 for class A ultraviolet light treatment systems and
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements.
Ultraviolet light systems that meet only NSF 55-2017 class B shall not be used
for continuous disinfection or otherwise installed on a private water systems.
An ultraviolet light system used as the primary means of disinfection shall
also meet the following criteria:
(1)
It shall be installed with an automatic shut-off device
or warning device for instances where the ultraviolet light device is not
functioning to insure proper disinfection of the household water
supply;
(2)
The influent water shall be pre-treated to meet all
water quality parameters required by the manufacturer of the ultraviolet light
unit or as required under NSF 55-2017 class A, including, but not limited to,
hardness, iron, manganese, TDS, and turbidity in order to ensure optimal
disinfection. The ultraviolet light unit shall be installed after any equipment
used to soften the water or to remove iron or manganese or to improve
clarity;
(3)
An absolute filter size of no larger than five microns
shall be installed in accordance with NSF 55-2017 class A prior to treatment of
the water by the ultraviolet equipment;
(4)
Where a private
water system provides water to more than one dwelling or service connection,
including all multi-family buildings, and ultraviolet light is used as the
primary means of disinfection then either;
(a)
Continuous
disinfection shall be installed to maintain a chlorine residual of at least 0.2
milligrams per liter in the water distribution lines; or
(b)
An NSF 55-2017
class A ultraviolet light device shall be installed in each dwelling after each
service connection.
(5)
If ultraviolet
light is used for continuous disinfection of a private water system pond,
additional oxidation using chlorine, iodine, or ozone shall be included as part
of the disinfection and filtration treatment train.
(O)
If iodination is
the means of disinfection, it shall conform to the following
requirements:
(1)
Sufficient iodine shall be added to satisfy the
demand;
(2)
The CT value (contact time multiplied by the free
iodine residual) for disinfection shall be ten; and
(3)
The free iodine
residual in the water piping system shall be between 0.5 and one milligram per
liter.
(P)
If ozonation is the means of disinfection it shall be
generated on site by corona arc discharge and conform to the following
requirements:
(1)
Sufficient ozone shall be added to satisfy the demand
and the CT value shall be no less than 0.6 at pH seven and five degrees Celsius
(CT equals residual ozone concentration multiplied by the contact
time);
(2)
The water contact shall be achieved by the means of a
combination of a venturi nozzle and cyclonic bubble diffuser;
(3)
Ozone must have a
minimum detectable residual of 0.1 milligram per unit after six minutes of
contact;
(4)
Ozone generators shall have air drawn through the
system under a vacuum in order to prevent ozone gas leakage into the
house;
(5)
Ozone generators shall have air flow meters installed
before the ozone generation chamber to insure proper air flow and to help
detect down stream injection tubing cracks or breaks;
(6)
All ozone
generation chambers shall be constructed of stainless steel or of a material of
equivalent resistance to destruction from ozone;
(7)
Ozone generators
shall have corona arc indicating lights.
(Q)
All filter
systems shall be installed so that a backflow prevention device or air gap
protects the water system from the filter system backwashing discharge in
accordance with rule
3701-28-08 of the Administrative
Code.
(R)
For the purpose of this rule "slow sand filtration"
means a process of passing raw water through a porous granular medium by
gravity, at a rate of less than seventy-five gallons per day per square foot of
sand area, with substantial removal of particles by physical and biological
mechanisms. Slow sand filters shall meet the following criteria:
(1)
The filter tank
shall be watertight and durable with a reasonably smooth, clean interior
surface and shall be made of materials described in paragraph (A) of rule
3701-28-12 of the Administrative
Code;
(2)
All joints, connections, and other seems between
component parts shall be sealed with non-toxic waterproof material that meets
NSF 61-2016 to prevent the loss of stored water and the infiltration of surface
water;
(3)
The lower distribution system shall be non-clogging and
resistant to corrosion, physical deformation and wear, provide adequate flow
and distribution to uniformly collect filtered water during the filter cycle,
and except for filters having dome or similar type under drains, have openings
three-sixteenths of an inch ( 4.8 millimeter) or larger;
(4)
All components
shall be replaceable through a manhole in the filter tank;
(5)
Only washed sand
and gravel shall be used. Filter sand shall be hard angular silicon material
free of carbonates or other foreign material. Beach sand shall not be used. The
effective sand size shall be between .30 and .45 millimeters. Sand uniformity
coefficient shall not be greater than two and one-half. Gravel used to support
filter sand shall be rounded material, free of limestone and clay, and consist
of at least three layers graded to prevent intermixing;
(6)
One inch gravel
shall be placed six inches thick below the one-half inch gravel. One-half inch
gravel shall be placed three inches thick below the three-eighths inch gravel.
Three-eighths inch gravel shall be placed three inches thick below the sand.
Sand shall be placed from the surface to a minimum depth of thirty inches. A
fabric pre-filter may be used on the surface of the sand;
(7)
Water shall be
applied to the filter at rate of no more than 0.052 gallons per minute per
square foot of filter area;
(8)
The minimum
filter size dimensions shall be based on water usage of one hundred twenty
gallons per bedroom per day from the following chart:
|
Water needed Gallons per
day
|
Bedrooms
|
Filter surface area (square
feet)
|
Square or rectangular
(feet)
|
Round diameter
(feet)
|
|
360
|
3
|
5.7
|
2 x 3
|
3
|
|
480
|
4
|
7.1
|
2 x 4
|
3
|
|
600
|
5
|
8.6
|
3 x 3
|
4
|
(9)
Include a water storage tank with a capacity of no less
than two hundred gallons or sixty gallons per bedroom per day, whichever is
larger.
(S)
For the purposes of this rule "rapid sand filter" means
a filter system for treating water passing through a granular medium of
approximately twelve to twenty micron filtration capability that includes
additional components for filtration and/or coagulation of smaller material
while maintaining pressure throughout the system and distribution line. A rapid
sand filter alone shall not be used for cyst reduction. In addition to the
requirements of paragraph (J) of this rule, pressurized rapid sand filter
systems shall meet the following criteria:
(1)
A pressurized
rapid sand filter system shall include:
(a)
Chemical
coagulation meeting NSF 60-2016 followed by a retention tank specifically for
coagulation, followed by the rapid sand filter, and if ultraviolet light is not
being utilized for continuous disinfection, followed by a cyst reduction
cartridge filter(s) meeting NSF 53-2016 or equivalent. Chemical coagulation
shall be adjusted as pond water condition change;
(b)
A pressurized
rapid sand filter, followed by a nominal ten micron cartridge filter followed
by an absolute five micron cartridge filter, and if ultraviolet light is not
being utilized for continuous disinfection, followed by a cyst reduction
cartridge filter(s) meeting NSF 53-2016 or equivalent for cyst reduction;
or
(c)
Alternative coagulation or filtration techniques as
approved by the department.
(2)
All cartridge
filter housings shall be clearly labeled for the specific required replacement
filter size in absolute and/or nominal microns.
(3)
Any chemical used
for coagulation shall be listed on NSF 60-2016.
(4)
The rapid sand
filter component shall contain bed depth of no less than twenty-four inches and
a volume of no less than 1.5 cubic feet of sand or the equivalent filter
material listed on NSF 61-2016. The effective sand size shall be between .30
and .45 millimeters. The sand uniformity coefficient shall not be greater than
2.5.
(a)
Granular activated carbon or other treatment media that meets NSF 61-2016 may
be used in the filter tank in addition to the required filtering
media.
(b)
The filter media tank shall be labeled describing all
filter material enclosed, including type(s), size, and uniformity
coefficient.
(5)
Service flow rates of the rapid sand filter shall not
exceed filter media manufacturer's specifications and shall provide adequate
flow or storage capacity to meet the private water system
demand.
(T)
Pre-coat filters shall meet the following
criteria:
(1)
The pre-coat material shall be diatomaceous earth or processed perlite and be
United States environmental protection agency graded material suitable for use
with potable water;
(2)
The pre-coat layer shall be one-eighth to one-fifth
inches thick or equivalent to 0.2 pound per square foot;
(3)
The designed
filtration rate shall not exceed two gallons per minute per square foot of
septum area; and
(4)
The size of the filter shall be sufficient to meet the
intended household usage per person per day.
(U)
Mechanical
in-line cartridge filters shall not be used in lieu of the filter designs
required under this rule. However, mechanical in-line cartridge filter systems
tested against NSF 53-2016, may be used in addition to the filter designs
required under this rule.
Replaces: 3701-28-15
