Michigan Administrative Code
Department - Labor and Economic Opportunity
MIOSHA
General Industry and Construction Safety and Occupational Health Standards
Construction Safety and Health Standard
Part 29 - COMMUNICATION TOWERS
Section R. 408.42925 - Hoists
Universal Citation: MI Admin Code R. 408.42925
Current through Vol. 24-16, September 15, 2024
Rule 2925.
(1) Prior to the use of hoists during construction, alteration, repair, maintenance, or demolition of communication towers, the employer shall ensure that they meet the following requirements:
(a)
All hoists and operations shall meet the requirements of construction safety
standard part 10. lifting and digging,
R
408.41001a to
R
408.41099a, where applicable.
(b) All applicable requirements for design,
construction, installation, testing, inspection, maintenance, and operation of
hoists as prescribed by the manufacturer or a licensed professional engineer
are met.
(c) The operating manual
developed by the manufacturer, or licensed professional engineer, for the
specific make and model hoist being used, as well as documentation for any
inspection, testing, and operator training certification required by these
rules shall be maintained at the work site.
(d) Documentation shall be maintained that
the hoist operator has practical training on the hoist being
operated.
(2) The employer shall ensure that when mounting the hoists and winches, all of the following provisions shall apply:
(a)
Attachment of the winch assembly to the structure shall be sized to resist at
least 2.0 times the reactions induced at the maximum attainable line
pull.
(b) The alignment of winch
assembly components will be maintained within limits that shall prevent
premature deterioration of gear teeth, bearings, splines, bushings, and any
other parts of the hoist mechanism.
(c) The hoist mechanism may be designed to
lift materials and also personnel with the same drum or drums.
(d) Winch assemblies shall comply with all of
the following:
(i) The winch drum shall have a
positive means of attaching the wire rope to the drum.
(ii) The winch drum and load blocks shall
have a diameter or enough layers on the drum to maintain a minimum of an 18:1
pitch diameter ratio to the wire rope.
(iii) If the winch drum cannot maintain an
18:1 pitch diameter ratio on the bare drum, then at least 3 wraps shall be
maintained.
(iv) During operations
the drum flange will be a minimum of 1/2 inch higher than the top layer of the
wire rope.
(e) Hoist
brakes shall comply with all of the following:
(i) Brakes shall be capable of controlling
the descent of a load.
(ii) Brakes
shall be capable of stopping the load in such a way as that it does not induce
shock loading.
(iii) If the hoist
mechanism has the ability to free spool, then it shall have a means of a
positive locking system to prevent free spooling during personnel
hoisting.
(f) Winch
assemblies shall be provided with a primary brake and at least 1 independent
secondary brake, each capable of holding 125% of the lifting capacity of the
hoist.
(i) The primary and secondary brake
shall be directly connected to the drive train of the winch assembly and shall
not be connected through belts, chains, etc.
(ii) The primary and secondary brake, when
actuated, shall decelerate, stop, and hold the load in a controlled manner that
will not induce shock loading.
(g) Brakes shall be provided with
adjustments, where necessary, to compensate for wear and to maintain adequate
force on springs where used.
(h)
Brakes shall be provided to prevent the drum from rotating in the lowering
direction and shall be capable of holding the load indefinitely without
attention from the operator.
(i) An
automatic means to set brakes in the event the loss of brake actuating power
shall be provided on winch assemblies that have no continuous mechanical
linkage between the brake actuator and the brake.
(j) Static brakes shall be provided to hold
the drum from rotating in the lowering direction and shall be capable of
holding the load indefinitely without attention from the operator. Brakes shall
be automatically applied upon return of the control lever to its center
(neutral) position. Brakes, which are applied on stopped hoist drums, shall
have sufficient impact capacity to hold 1.5 times the rated torque of the
hoist.
(k) Hoist controls shall
comply with all of the following:
(i) The
hoist mechanism shall have at the operating station a means to start and stop
the prime mover under emergency conditions.
(ii) All controls used during the normal
operation of the hoist mechanism shall be located within easy reach of the
operator while at the operator's station.
(iii) All control levers must spring return
to neutral when released or have a comparable system that allows the braking
mechanism to set automatically.
(iv) All control levers shall be clearly
marked and easily visible from the operator's station.
(v) Foot-operated pedals, where provided,
shall be constructed so the operator's feet will not readily slip off and the
force necessary to move the pedals shall be easily accomplished.
(vi) Foot-operated brakes shall be equipped
with a locking device to maintain the brake in a loaded position.
(l) The manufacturer's guidelines
for repair and modification shall be used; however, when these are not
available, the following minimum guidelines shall be used:
(i) Repaired hoists shall be line pull tested
to the maximum rated load and the winch assembly shall be rotated several times
in both hoisting and lowering directions under maximum rated load while
checking for smooth operation.
(ii)
Prior to initial use, all new, altered, or modified hoist mechanisms shall be
inspected by a qualified person.
(iii) Documentation of all modifications and
repairs shall be maintained and available for review for a minimum of 2
years.
(iv) A qualified person
shall monitor all repairs or modifications. If modifications alter the line
pull or performance of the unit, then a revised load chart must be installed to
reflect the change.
(m)
Hoist/winch guarding shall comply with all of the following:
(i) Belts, pulleys, gears, shafts, sprockets,
spindles, drums, fly wheels, chains, or other rotating parts shall be fully
guarded to prevent employee contact.
(ii) All exhaust pipes shall be guarded where
exposed to employee contact.
(n) For inspections, testing, and
maintenance, the manufacturer's guidelines and recommendations shall be used.
However, when not available, the following minimum guidelines shall be used:
(i) A competent person, knowledgeable of
hoists, shall complete inspections.
(ii) All repair and inspection records shall
be available and accessible for a minimum of 2 years.
(iii) A tear down inspection record shall be
available until the next teardown inspection is completed.
(iv) Any hoist that has been idle for a
period of over 6 months shall be given an annual inspection.
(v) Any hoist that has an unknown history of
repair or maintenance shall have a tear down inspection.
Disclaimer: These regulations may not be the most recent version. Michigan may have more current or accurate information. We make no warranties or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the information contained on this site or the information linked to on the state site. Please check official sources.
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