Code of Massachusetts Regulations
940 CMR - OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
Title 940 CMR 14.00 - Compensation Of Victims Of Violent Crimes
Section 14.07 - Limitations on Compensation
Universal Citation: 940 MA Code of Regs 940.14
Current through Register 1531, September 27, 2024
(1) Contribution. To the extent the victim's acts or conduct provoked or contributed to the victim's injuries, the Division shall reduce or deny the award to the claimant or claimants.
(a)
Definition of Contributory
Conduct. Contributory conduct is intentional conduct, willingly
and knowingly engaged in by the victim, that is both a direct cause, and a
proximate cause, of the victim's injuries.
(b) Circumstances that, in general, do not
warrant the denial or reduction of an award based on contributory conduct
include:
1. acts of negligence or poor
judgment such as entering a motor vehicle operated by an intoxicated
person;
2. crimes in which the
victim is a victim of sexual assault;
3. acts of self defense or defense of
others;
4. acts attributable to
reasonable efforts by the victim to aid a crime victim, to prevent a crime from
occurring in his presence, or to apprehend a person who has committed a crime
in his or her presence.
(c) Circumstances that may warrant a
reduction or denial of an award based on contributory conduct include:
1. crimes in which the victim deliberately
provoked the offender by means of fighting words, racial or other
bias-motivated taunting, or by threats coupled with overt actions indicating
the victim's intent to carry out the threat;
2. crimes in which the victim initiated or
significantly escalated a physical altercation with the offender;
3. crimes constituting acts of retaliation or
retribution for a crime or crimes previously committed by the victim;
4. crimes in which the victim acted as an
accomplice to the offender;
5.
crimes committed during the course of an illegal drug transaction in which the
victim was a knowing and willing participant;
6. crimes in which the victim's felony
criminal record, coupled with the circumstances of the crime, lead to the
reasonable inference that the crime for which the claimant seeks compensation
was directly caused or provoked by the victim's criminal history.
(d) If the Division finds that a
victim knowingly and willingly engaged in intentional conduct that was a direct
cause of his or her injuries, the Division shall determine the proximate cause
of the victim's injuries and may deny, reduce or allow the award as follows:
1. if it was reasonably foreseeable that the
victim's contributory actions would result in injuries of the type and nature
he or she sustained, the claim shall be denied (e.g. an
implicit or explicit agreement to fight, in which a physical altercation ensued
resulting in mutual injuries).
2.
if it was reasonably foreseeable that the victim's contributory conduct would
result in injuries to the victim, but it was not reasonably foreseeable that
his or she actions would result in injuries of the nature and type sustained by
the victim, the award may be reduced by 50% (e.g. victim was
stabbed or shot in response to punching the offender).
3. if the victim's injuries were not
reasonably foreseeable, the award shall not be reduced or denied even though
the victim's actions were an actual and direct cause of his or her injuries
(e.g. victim was stabbed or shot in response to verbal
provocation of the offender).
(2) Unjust Enrichment.
(a) A claimant shall
not be eligible for compensation if such compensation would unjustly benefit
the offender.
(b) In no event shall
a claimant be denied compensation solely because of the claimant's or the
victim's familial relationship with the offender or because of the sharing of a
residence by the victim or claimant and the offender.
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