Code of Massachusetts Regulations
780 CMR - STATE BOARD OF BUILDING REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
Chapter 23 - Wood
Section 2308 - CONVENTIONAL LIGHT-FRAME CONSTRUCTION
Subsection 2308.9 - Wall framing
Current through Register 1531, September 27, 2024
2308.9.1 Size, height and spacing. The size, height and spacing of studs shall be in accordance with Table 2308.9.1 except that utility-grade studs shall not be spaced more than 16 inches (406 mm) o.c., or support more than a roof and ceiling, or exceed 8 feet (2438 mm) in height for exterior walls and load-bearing walls or 10 feet (3048 mm) for interior nonload-bearing walls. Studs shall be continuous from a support at the sole plate to a support at the top plate to resist loads perpendicular to the wall. The support shall be a foundation or floor, ceiling or roof diaphragm or shall be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practice.
Exception: Jack studs, trimmer studs and cripple studs at openings in walls that comply with Table 2308.9.5.
TABLE 2308.9.1 SIZE, HEIGHT AND SPACING OF WOOD STUDS
| STUD SIZE (inches) | BEARING WALLS | NONBEARING WALLS | ||||
| Laterally unsupported stud heighta (feet) | Supporting roof and ceiling only | Supporting one floor, roof and ceiling | Supporting two floors, roof and ceiling | Laterally unsupported stud heighta(feet) | Spacing (inches) | |
| Spacing (inches) | ||||||
| 2 × 3b | - | - | - | - | 10 | 16 |
| 2 × 4 | 10 | 24 | 16 | - | 14 | 24 |
| 3 × 4 | 10 | 24 | 24 | 16 | 14 | 24 |
| 2 × 5 | 10 | 24 | 24 | - | 16 | 24 |
| 2 × 6 | 10 | 24 | 24 | 16 | 20 | 24 |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
a. Listed heights are distances between points of lateral support placed perpendicular to the plane of the wall. Increases in unsupported height are permitted where justified by an analysis. b. Shall not be used in exterior walls. |
2308.9.2 Framing details. Studs shall be placed with their wide dimension perpendicular to the wall. Not less than three studs shall be installed at each corner of an exterior wall.
Exception: At corners, two studs are permitted, provided wood spacers or backup cleats of 3/8-inch-thick (9.5 mm) wood structural panel, 3/8-inch (9.5 mm) Type M "Exterior Glue" particleboard, 1-inch-thick (25 mm) lumber or other approved devices that will serve as an adequate backing for the attachment of facing materials are used. Where fire-resistance ratings or shear values are involved, wood spacers, backup cleats or other devices shall not be used unless specifically approved for such use.
Exception: A single top plate is permitted, provided the plate is adequately tied at joints, corners and intersecting walls by at least the equivalent of 3-inch by 6-inch (76 mm by 152 mm) by 0.036-inch-thick (0.914 mm) galvanized steel that is nailed to each wall or segment of wall by six 8d nails or equivalent, provided the rafters, joists or trusses are centered over the studs with a tolerance of no more than 1 inch (25 mm).
2308.9.3 Bracing. Braced wall lines shall consist of braced wall panels that meet the requirements for location, type and amount of bracing as shown in Figure 2308.9.3, specified in Table 2308.9.3(1) and are in line or offset from each other by not more than 4 feet (1219 mm). Braced wall panels shall start not more than 121/2 feet (3810 mm) from each end of a braced wall line. Braced wall panels shall be clearly indicated on the plans. Construction of braced wall panels shall be by one of the following methods:
For cripple wall bracing, see Section 2308.9.4.1. For Methods 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8, each panel must be at least 48 inches (1219 mm) in length, covering three stud spaces where studs are spaced 16 inches (406 mm) apart and covering two stud spaces where studs are spaced 24 inches (610 mm) apart.
For Method 5, each panel must be at least 96 inches (2438 mm) in length where applied to one face of a panel and 48 inches (1219 mm) where applied to both faces. All vertical joints of panel sheathing shall occur over studs and adjacent panel joints shall be nailed to common framing members. Horizontal joints shall occur over blocking or other framing equal in size to the studding except where waived by the installation requirements for the specific sheathing materials. Sole plates shall be nailed to the floor framing and top plates shall be connected to the framing above in accordance with Section 2308.3.2. Where joists are perpendicular to braced wall lines above, blocking shall be provided under and in line with the braced wall panels.
TABLE 2308.9.3(1) BRACED WALL PANELSa
| SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY | CONDITION | CONSTRUCTION METHODSb, c | BRACED PANEL LOCATION AND LENGTHd | |||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |||
| A and B | One story, top of two or three story | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Located in accordance with Section 2308.9.3 and not more than 25 feet on center. |
| First story of two story or second story of three story | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ||
| First story of three story | - | X | X | X | Xe | X | X | X | ||
| C | One story or top of two story | - | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | Located in accordance with Section 2308.9.3 and not more than 25 feet on center. |
| First story of two story | - | X | X | X | Xe | X | X | X | Located in accordance with Section 2308.9.3 and not more than 25 feet on center, but total length shall not be less than 25% of building lengthf. | |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
a. This table specifies minimum requirements for braced panels that form interior or exterior braced wall lines. b. See Section 2308.9.3 for full description. c. See Sections 2308.9.3.1 and 2308.9.3.2 for alternative braced panel requirements. d. Building length is the dimension parallel to the braced wall length. e. Gypsum wallboard applied to framing supports that are spaced at 16 inches on center. f. The required lengths shall be doubled for gypsum board applied to only one face of a braced wall panel. |
TABLE 2308.9.3(2) EXPOSED PLYWOOD PANEL SIDING
| MINIMUM THICKNESSa (inch) | MINIMUM NUMBER OF PLIES | STUD SPACING (inches) Plywood siding applied directly to studs or over sheathing |
| 3/8 | 3 | 16b |
| 1/2 | 4 | 24 |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. a. Thickness of grooved panels is measured at bottom of grooves. b. Spans are permitted to be 24 inches if plywood siding applied with face grain perpendicular to studs or over one of the following: (1) 1-inch board sheathing, (2) 7/16 -inch wood structural panel sheathing or (3) 3/8-inch wood structural panel sheathing with strength axis (which is the long direction of the panel unless otherwise marked) of sheathing perpendicular to studs. |
TABLE 2308.9.3(3) WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL WALL SHEATHINGb (Not Exposed to the Weather, Strength Axis Parallel or Perpendicular to Studs Except as Indicated Below)
| MINIMUM THICKNESS (inch) | PANEL SPAN RATING | STUD SPACING (inches) | ||
| Siding nailed to studs | Nailable sheathing | |||
| Sheathing parallel to studs | Sheathing perpendicular to studs | |||
| 3/8,15/32,1/2 | 16/0, 20/0, 24/0, 32/16 Wall-24"o.c. | 24 | 16 | 24 |
| 7/16,15/32,1/2 | 24/0, 24/16, 32/16 Wall-24"o.c. | 24 | 24a | 24 |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. a. Plywood shall consist of four or more plies. b. Blocking of horizontal joints shall not be required except as specified in Sections 2306.3 and 2308.12.4. |
TABLE 2308.9.3(4) ALLOWABLE SPANS FOR PARTICLEBOARD WALL SHEATHING (Not Exposed to the Weather, Long Dimension of the Panel Parallel or Perpendicular to Studs)
| GRADE | THICKNESS (inch) | STUD SPACING (inches) | |
| Siding nailed to studs | Sheathing under coverings specified in Section 2308.9.3 parallel or perpendicular to studs | ||
| M-S "Exterior Glue" and M-2"Exterior Glue" | 3/8 | 16 | - |
| 1/2 | 16 | 16 | |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. |
TABLE 2308.9.3(5) HARDBOARD SIDING
| SIDING | MINIMUM NOMINAL THICKNESS (inch) | 2 * 4 FRAMING MAXIMUM SPACING | NAIL SIZEa, b, d | NAIL SPACING | |
| General | Bracing panelsc | ||||
| 1. Lap siding | |||||
| Direct to studs | 3/8 | 16"o.c. | 8d | 16"o.c. | Not applicable |
| Over sheathing | 3/8 | 16"o.c. | 10d | 16"o.c. | Not applicable |
| 2. Square edge panel siding | |||||
| Direct to studs | 3/8 | 24"o.c. | 6d |
6"o.c. edges; |
4"o.c. edges; |
| Over sheathing | 3/8 | 24"o.c. | 8d |
6"o.c. edges; |
4"o.c. edges; |
| 3. Shiplap edge panel siding | |||||
| Direct to studs | 3/8 | 16"o.c. | 6d |
6"o.c. edges; |
4"o.c. edges; |
| Over sheathing | 3/8 | 16"o.c. | 8d | 6"o.c. edges; 12"o.c. at intermediate supports |
4"o.c. edges; |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm. a. Nails shall be corrosion resistant. b. Minimum acceptable nail dimensions:
c. Where used to comply with Section 2308.9.3. d. Nail length must accommodate the sheathing and penetrate framing 11/2 inches. |
| SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY | MAXIMUM WALL SPACING (feet) | REQUIRED BRACING LENGTH, b |
| A, B and C | 35'-0" | Table 2308.9.3(1) and Section 2308.9.3 |
| D and E | 25'-0" | Table 2308.12.4 |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm. |
FIGURE 2308.9.3 BASIC COMPONENTS OF THE LATERAL BRACING SYSTEM
Where the continuous foundation is required to have a depth greater than 12 inches (305 mm), a minimum 12-inch by 12-inch (305 mm by 305 mm) continuous footing or turned down slab edge is permitted at door openings in the braced wall line. This continuous footing or turned down slab edge shall be reinforced with not less than one No. 4 bar top and bottom. This reinforcement shall be lapped 15 inches (381 mm) with the reinforcement required in the continuous foundation located directly under the braced wall line.
Where a panel is located on one side of the opening, the header shall extend between the inside face of the first full-length stud of the panel and the bearing studs at the other end of the opening. A strap with an uplift capacity of not less than 1,000 pounds (4400 N) shall fasten the header to the bearing studs. The bearing studs shall also have a tie-down device fastened to the foundation with an uplift capacity of not less than 1,000 pounds (4400 N).
The tie-down devices shall be an embedded strap type, installed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The panels shall be supported directly on a foundation that is continuous across the entire length of the braced wall line. This foundation shall be reinforced with not less than one No. 4 bar top and bottom.
Where the continuous foundation is required to have a depth greater than 12 inches (305 mm), a minimum 12-inch by 12-inch (305 mm by 305 mm) continuous footing or turned down slab edge is permitted at door openings in the braced wall line. This continuous footing or turned down slab edge shall be reinforced with not less than one No. 4 bar top and bottom. This reinforcement shall be lapped not less than 15 inches (381 mm) with the reinforcement required in the continuous foundation located directly under the braced wall line.
| For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 pound = 4.448 N. |
FIGURE 2308.9.3.2 ALTERNATE BRACED WALL PANEL ADJACENT TO A DOOR OR WINDOW OPENING
2308.9.4 Cripple walls. Foundation cripple walls shall be framed of studs not less in size than the studding above with a minimum length of 14 inches (356 mm), or shall be framed of solid blocking. Where exceeding 4 feet (1219 mm) in height, such walls shall be framed of studs having the size required for an additional story.
2308.9.5 Openings in exterior walls.
TABLE 2308.9.5 HEADER AND GIRDER SPANSa FOR EXTERIOR BEARING WALLS (Maximum Spans for Douglas Fir-Larch, Hem-Fir, Southern Pine and Spruce-Pine-Firb and Required Number of Jack Studs)
| HEADERS SUPPORTING | SIZE | GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)e | |||||||||||
| 30 | 50 | ||||||||||||
| Building widthc (feet) | |||||||||||||
| 20 | 28 | 36 | 20 | 28 | 36 | ||||||||
| Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | ||
| Roof & Ceiling | 2-2 ×4 | 3-6 | 1 | 3-2 | 1 | 2-10 | 1 | 3-2 | 1 | 2-9 | 1 | 2-6 | 1 |
| 2-2 ×6 | 5-5 | 1 | 4-8 | 1 | 4-2 | 1 | 4-8 | 1 | 4-1 | 1 | 3-8 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×8 | 6-10 | 1 | 5-11 | 2 | 5-4 | 2 | 5-11 | 2 | 5-2 | 2 | 4-7 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×10 | 8-5 | 2 | 7-3 | 2 | 6-6 | 2 | 7-3 | 2 | 6-3 | 2 | 5-7 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×12 | 9-9 | 2 | 8-5 | 2 | 7-6 | 2 | 8-5 | 2 | 7-3 | 2 | 6-6 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×8 | 8-4 | 1 | 7-5 | 1 | 6-8 | 1 | 7-5 | 1 | 6-5 | 2 | 5-9 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×10 | 10-6 | 1 | 9-1 | 2 | 8-2 | 2 | 9-1 | 2 | 7-10 | 2 | 7-0 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×12 | 12-2 | 2 | 10-7 | 2 | 9-5 | 2 | 10-7 | 2 | 9-2 | 2 | 8-2 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×8 | 9-2 | 1 | 8-4 | 1 | 7-8 | 1 | 8-4 | 1 | 7-5 | 1 | 6-8 | 1 | |
| 4-2 ×10 | 11-8 | 1 | 10-6 | 1 | 9-5 | 2 | 10-6 | 1 | 9-1 | 2 | 8-2 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×12 | 14-1 | 1 | 12-2 | 2 | 10-11 | 2 | 12-2 | 2 | 10-7 | 2 | 9-5 | 2 | |
| Roof, Ceiling & 1 Center-Bearing Floor | 2-2 ×4 | 3-1 | 1 | 2-9 | 1 | 2-5 | 1 | 2-9 | 1 | 2-5 | 1 | 2-2 | 1 |
| 2-2 × 6 | 4-6 | 1 | 4-0 | 1 | 3-7 | 2 | 4-1 | 1 | 3-7 | 2 | 3-3 | 2 | |
| 2-2 × 8 | 5-9 | 2 | 5-0 | 2 | 4-6 | 2 | 5-2 | 2 | 4-6 | 2 | 4-1 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×10 | 7-0 | 2 | 6-2 | 2 | 5-6 | 2 | 6-4 | 2 | 5-6 | 2 | 5-0 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×12 | 8-1 | 2 | 7-1 | 2 | 6-5 | 2 | 7-4 | 2 | 6-5 | 2 | 5-9 | 3 | |
| 3-2 × 8 | 7-2 | 1 | 6-3 | 2 | 5-8 | 2 | 6-5 | 2 | 5-8 | 2 | 5-1 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×10 | 8-9 | 2 | 7-8 | 2 | 6-11 | 2 | 7-11 | 2 | 6-11 | 2 | 6-3 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×12 | 10-2 | 2 | 8-11 | 2 | 8-0 | 2 | 9-2 | 2 | 8-0 | 2 | 7-3 | 2 | |
| 4-2 × 8 | 8-1 | 1 | 7-3 | 1 | 6-7 | 1 | 7-5 | 1 | 6-6 | 1 | 5-11 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×10 | 10-1 | 1 | 8-10 | 2 | 8-0 | 2 | 9-1 | 2 | 8-0 | 2 | 7-2 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×12 | 11-9 | 2 | 10-3 | 2 | 9-3 | 2 | 10-7 | 2 | 9-3 | 2 | 8-4 | 2 | |
| Roof, Ceiling & 1 Clear Span Floor | 2-2 × 4 | 2-8 | 1 | 2-4 | 1 | 2-1 | 1 | 2-7 | 1 | 2-3 | 1 | 2-0 | 1 |
| 2-2 × 6 | 3-11 | 1 | 3-5 | 2 | 3-0 | 2 | 3-10 | 2 | 3-4 | 2 | 3-0 | 2 | |
| 2-2 × 8 | 5-0 | 2 | 4-4 | 2 | 3-10 | 2 | 4-10 | 2 | 4-2 | 2 | 3-9 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×10 | 6-1 | 2 | 5-3 | 2 | 4-8 | 2 | 5-11 | 2 | 5-1 | 2 | 4-7 | 3 | |
| 2-2 ×12 | 7-1 | 2 | 6-1 | 3 | 5-5 | 3 | 6-10 | 2 | 5-11 | 3 | 5-4 | 3 | |
| 3-2 × 8 | 6-3 | 2 | 5-5 | 2 | 4-10 | 2 | 6-1 | 2 | 5-3 | 2 | 4-8 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×10 | 7-7 | 2 | 6-7 | 2 | 5-11 | 2 | 7-5 | 2 | 6-5 | 2 | 5-9 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×12 | 8-10 | 2 | 7-8 | 2 | 6-10 | 2 | 8-7 | 2 | 7-5 | 2 | 6-8 | 2 | |
| 4-2 × 8 | 7-2 | 1 | 6-3 | 2 | 5-7 | 2 | 7-0 | 1 | 6-1 | 2 | 5-5 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×10 | 8-9 | 2 | 7-7 | 2 | 6-10 | 2 | 8-7 | 2 | 7-5 | 2 | 6-7 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×12 | 10-2 | 2 | 8-10 | 2 | 7-11 | 2 | 9-11 | 2 | 8-7 | 2 | 7-8 | 2 | |
TABLE 2308.9.5-continued HEADER AND GIRDER SPANSa FOR EXTERIOR BEARING WALLS (Maximum Spans for Douglas Fir-Larch, Hem-Fir, Southern Pine and Spruce-Pine-Firb and Required Number of Jack Studs)
| HEADERS SUPPORTING | SIZE | GROUND SNOW LOAD (psf)e | |||||||||||
| 30 | 50 | ||||||||||||
| Building widthc(feet) | |||||||||||||
| 20 | 28 | 36 | 20 | 28 | 36 | ||||||||
| Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | ||
| Roof, Ceiling & 2 Center-Bearing
Floors |
2-2 × 4 | 2-7 | 1 | 2-3 | 1 | 2-0 | 1 | 2-6 | 1 | 2-2 | 1 | 1-11 | 1 |
| 2-2 × 6 | 3-9 | 2 | 3-3 | 2 | 2-11 | 2 | 3-8 | 2 | 3-2 | 2 | 2-10 | 2 | |
| 2-2 × 8 | 4-9 | 2 | 4-2 | 2 | 3-9 | 2 | 4-7 | 2 | 4-0 | 2 | 3-8 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×10 | 5-9 | 2 | 5-1 | 2 | 4-7 | 3 | 5-8 | 2 | 4-11 | 2 | 4-5 | 3 | |
| 2-2 ×12 | 6-8 | 2 | 5-10 | 3 | 5-3 | 3 | 6-6 | 2 | 5-9 | 3 | 5-2 | 3 | |
| 3-2 × 8 | 5-11 | 2 | 5-2 | 2 | 4-8 | 2 | 5-9 | 2 | 5-1 | 2 | 4-7 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×10 | 7-3 | 2 | 6-4 | 2 | 5-8 | 2 | 7-1 | 2 | 6-2 | 2 | 5-7 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×12 | 8-5 | 2 | 7-4 | 2 | 6-7 | 2 | 8-2 | 2 | 7-2 | 2 | 6-5 | 3 | |
| 4-2 × 8 | 6-10 | 1 | 6-0 | 2 | 5-5 | 2 | 6-8 | 1 | 5-10 | 2 | 5-3 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×10 | 8-4 | 2 | 7-4 | 2 | 6-7 | 2 | 8-2 | 2 | 7-2 | 2 | 6-5 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×12 | 9-8 | 2 | 8-6 | 2 | 7-8 | 2 | 9-5 | 2 | 8-3 | 2 | 7-5 | 2 | |
| Roof, Ceiling & 2 Clear Span Floors | 2-2 × 4 | 2-1 | 1 | 1-8 | 1 | 1-6 | 2 | 2-0 | 1 | 1-8 | 1 | 1-5 | 2 |
| 2-2 × 6 | 3-1 | 2 | 2-8 | 2 | 2-4 | 2 | 3-0 | 2 | 2-7 | 2 | 2-3 | 2 | |
| 2-2 × 8 | 3-10 | 2 | 3-4 | 2 | 3-0 | 3 | 3-10 | 2 | 3-4 | 2 | 2-11 | 3 | |
| 2-2 ×10 | 4-9 | 2 | 4-1 | 3 | 3-8 | 3 | 4-8 | 2 | 4-0 | 3 | 3-7 | 3 | |
| 2-2 ×12 | 5-6 | 3 | 4-9 | 3 | 4-3 | 3 | 5-5 | 3 | 4-8 | 3 | 4-2 | 3 | |
| 3-2 × 8 | 4-10 | 2 | 4-2 | 2 | 3-9 | 2 | 4-9 | 2 | 4-1 | 2 | 3-8 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×10 | 5-11 | 2 | 5-1 | 2 | 4-7 | 3 | 5-10 | 2 | 5-0 | 2 | 4-6 | 3 | |
| 3-2 ×12 | 6-10 | 2 | 5-11 | 3 | 5-4 | 3 | 6-9 | 2 | 5-10 | 3 | 5-3 | 3 | |
| 4-2 × 8 | 5-7 | 2 | 4-10 | 2 | 4-4 | 2 | 5-6 | 2 | 4-9 | 2 | 4-3 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×10 | 6-10 | 2 | 5-11 | 2 | 5-3 | 2 | 6-9 | 2 | 5-10 | 2 | 5-2 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×12 | 7-11 | 2 | 6-10 | 2 | 6-2 | 3 | 7-9 | 2 | 6-9 | 2 | 6-0 | 3 | |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound
per square foot = 47.8 N/m2. a. Spans are given in feet and inches (ft-in). b. Tabulated values are for No. 2 grade lumber. c. Building width is measured perpendicular to the ridge. For widths between those shown, spans are permitted to be interpolated. d. NJ - Number of jack studs required to support each end. Where the number of required jack studs equals one, the header is permitted to be supported by an approved framing anchor attached to the full-height wall stud and to the header. e. Use 30 pounds per square foot ground snow load for cases in which ground snow load is less than 30 pounds per square foot and the roof live load is equal to or less than 20 pounds per square foot. |
2308.9.6 Openings in interior bearing partitions. Headers shall be provided over each opening in interior bearing partitions as required in Section 2308.9.5. The spans in Table 2308.9.6 are permitted to be used. Wall studs shall support the ends of the header in accordance with Table 2308.9.5 or 2308.9.6, as appropriate.
TABLE 2308.9.6 HEADER AND GIRDER SPANSa FOR INTERIOR BEARING WALLS (Maximum Spans for Douglas Fir-Larch, Hem-Fir, Southern Pine and Spruce-Pine-Firb and Required Number of Jack Studs)
| HEADERS AND GIRDERS SUPPORTING | SIZE | BUILDING widthc(feet) | |||||
| 20 | 28 | 36 | |||||
| Span | NJd | Span | NJd | Span | NJd | ||
| One Floor Only | 2-2 × 4 | 3-1 | 1 | 2-8 | 1 | 2-5 | 1 |
| 2-2 × 6 | 4-6 | 1 | 3-11 | 1 | 3-6 | 1 | |
| 2-2 × 8 | 5-9 | 1 | 5-0 | 2 | 4-5 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×10 | 7-0 | 2 | 6-1 | 2 | 5-5 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×12 | 8-1 | 2 | 7-0 | 2 | 6-3 | 2 | |
| 3-2 × 8 | 7-2 | 1 | 6-3 | 1 | 5-7 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×10 | 8-9 | 1 | 7-7 | 2 | 6-9 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×12 | 10-2 | 2 | 8-10 | 2 | 7-10 | 2 | |
| 4-2 × 8 | 9-0 | 1 | 7-8 | 1 | 6-9 | 1 | |
| 4-2 ×10 | 10-1 | 1 | 8-9 | 1 | 7-10 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×12 | 11-9 | 1 | 10-2 | 2 | 9-1 | 2 | |
| Two Floors | 2-2 × 4 | 2-2 | 1 | 1-10 | 1 | 1-7 | 1 |
| 2-2 × 6 | 3-2 | 2 | 2-9 | 2 | 2-5 | 2 | |
| 2-2 × 8 | 4-1 | 2 | 3-6 | 2 | 3-2 | 2 | |
| 2-2 ×10 | 4-11 | 2 | 4-3 | 2 | 3-10 | 3 | |
| 2-2 ×12 | 5-9 | 2 | 5-0 | 3 | 4-5 | 3 | |
| 3-2 × 8 | 5-1 | 2 | 4-5 | 2 | 3-11 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×10 | 6-2 | 2 | 5-4 | 2 | 4-10 | 2 | |
| 3-2 ×12 | 7-2 | 2 | 6-3 | 2 | 5-7 | 3 | |
| 4-2 × 8 | 6-1 | 1 | 5-3 | 2 | 4-8 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×10 | 7-2 | 2 | 6-2 | 2 | 5-6 | 2 | |
| 4-2 ×12 | 8-4 | 2 | 7-2 | 2 | 6-5 | 2 | |
| For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm.
a. Spans are given in feet and inches (ft-in). b. Tabulated values are for No. 2 grade lumber. c. Building width is measured perpendicular to the ridge. For widths between those shown, spans are permitted to be interpolated. d. NJ - Number of jack studs required to support each end. Where the number of required jack studs equals one, the headers are permitted to be supported by an approved framing anchor attached to the full-height wall stud and to the header. |
2308.9.7 Openings in interior nonbearing partitions. Openings in nonbearing partitions are permitted to be framed with single studs and headers. Each end of a lintel or header shall have a length of bearing of not less than 11/2 inches (38 mm) for the full width of the lintel.
2308.9.8 Pipes in walls. Stud partitions containing plumbing, heating or other pipes shall be so framed and the joists underneath so spaced as to give proper clearance for the piping. Where a partition containing such piping runs parallel to the floor joists, the joists underneath such partitions shall be doubled and spaced to permit the passage of such pipes and shall be bridged. Where plumbing, heating or other pipes are placed in or partly in a partition, necessitating the cutting of the soles or plates, a metal tie not less than 0.058 inch (1.47 mm) (16 galvanized gage) and 11/2 inches (38 mm) wide shall be fastened to each plate across and to each side of the opening with not less than six 16d nails.
2308.9.9 Bridging. Unless covered by interior or exterior wall coverings or sheathing meeting the minimum requirements of this code, stud partitions or walls with studs having a height-to-least-thickness ratio exceeding 50 shall have bridging not less than 2 inches (51 mm) in thickness and of the same width as the studs fitted snugly and nailed thereto to provide adequate lateral support. Bridging shall be placed in every stud cavity and at a frequency such that no stud so braced shall have a height-to-least-thickness ratio exceeding 50 with the height of the stud measured between horizontal framing and bridging or between bridging, whichever is greater.
2308.9.10 Cutting and notching. In exterior walls and bearing partitions, any wood stud is permitted to be cut or notched to a depth not exceeding 25 percent of its width. Cutting or notching of studs to a depth not greater than 40 percent of the width of the stud is permitted in nonbearing partitions supporting no loads other than the weight of the partition.
2308.9.11 Bored holes. A hole not greater in diameter than 40 percent of the stud width is permitted to be bored in any wood stud. Bored holes not greater than 60 percent of the width of the stud are permitted in nonbearing partitions or in any wall where each bored stud is doubled, provided not more than two such successive doubled studs are so bored.
In no case shall the edge of the bored hole be nearer than 5/8 inch (15.9 mm) to the edge of the stud.
Bored holes shall not be located at the same section of stud as a cut or notch.
