Code of Maryland Regulations
Title 31 - MARYLAND INSURANCE ADMINISTRATION
Subtitle 05 - ASSETS, LIABILITIES, RESERVES, AND INVESTMENTS OF INSURERS
Chapter 31.05.03 - Valuation of Life Insurance Policies
Section 31.05.03.10 - General Calculation Requirements for Basic Reserves and Premium Deficiency Reserves

Universal Citation: MD Code Reg 31.05.03.10

Current through Register Vol. 51, No. 19, September 20, 2024

A. Basic Reserves.

(1) At the election of the company for any one or more specified plans of life insurance, the minimum mortality standard for basic reserves may be calculated using:

(a) For policies issued before January 1, 2009, the 1980 CSO valuation table with select mortality factors or the 2001 CSO Mortality Table; and

(b) For policies issued on or after January 1, 2009, the 2001 CSO Mortality Table.

(2) If select mortality factors are elected, they may be:

(a) The 10-year select mortality factors incorporated into the 1980 amendments to the NAIC Standard Valuation Law;

(b) The select mortality factors incorporated by reference under Regulation .04 of this chapter; or

(c) Any other table of select mortality factors adopted by the NAIC after the effective date of this chapter and promulgated by regulation by the Commissioner for the purpose of calculating basic reserves.

B. Deficiency Reserves.

(1) Deficiency reserves, if any, are calculated for each policy as the excess, if greater than zero, of the quantity A over the basic reserve.

(2) The quantity A is obtained by recalculating the basic reserve for the policy using guaranteed gross premiums instead of net premiums when the guaranteed gross premiums are less than the corresponding net premiums.

(3) At the election of the company for any one or more specified plans of insurance, the quantity A and the corresponding net premiums used in the determination of quantity A may be based upon:

(a) For policies issued before January 1, 2009, the 1980 CSO valuation table with select mortality factors or the 2001 CSO Mortality Table; and

(b) For policies issued on or after January 1, 2009, the 2001 CSO Mortality Table.

C. Deficiency Reserves - Select Mortality Factors. If select mortality factors are elected, they may be:

(1) The 10-year select mortality factors incorporated into the 1980 amendments to the NAIC Standard Valuation Law;

(2) The select mortality factors incorporated by reference under Regulation .04 of this chapter;

(3) For durations in the first segment, X percent of the select mortality factors incorporated by reference under Regulation .04 of this chapter, subject to the following:

(a) X may vary by policy year, policy form, underwriting classification, issue age, or any other policy factor expected to affect mortality experience;

(b) X is such that, when using the valuation interest rate used for basic reserves, subparagraph (i) is greater than or equal to subparagraph (ii) as follows:

(i) The actuarial present value of future death benefits, calculated using the mortality rates resulting from the application of X;

(ii) The actuarial present value of future death benefits calculated using anticipated mortality experience without recognition of mortality improvement beyond the valuation date;

(c) X is such that the mortality rates resulting from the application of X are at least as great as the anticipated mortality experience, without recognition of mortality improvement beyond the valuation date, in each of the first 5 years after the valuation date;

(d) The appointed actuary shall increase X at any valuation date where it is necessary to continue to meet all the requirements of this subsection;

(e) The appointed actuary may decrease X at any valuation date as long as X continues to meet all the requirements of this subsection;

(f) The appointed actuary shall specifically take into account the adverse effect on expected mortality and lapsation of any anticipated or actual increase in gross premiums; and

(g) If X is less than 100 percent at any duration for any policy, the following requirements shall be met:

(i) Each year, the appointed actuary shall prepare an actuarial opinion and memorandum for the company in conformance with the requirements of COMAR 31.05.01;

(ii) The appointed actuary shall disclose, in the Regulatory Asset Adequacy Issues Summary, the impact of the insufficiency of assets to support the payment of benefits and expenses and the establishment of statutory reserves during one or more interim periods; and

(iii) Each year, the appointed actuary shall issue an opinion for all policies subject to this chapter stating whether the mortality rates resulting from the application of X meet the requirements of this subsection, with the opinion supported by an actuarial report, subject to appropriate Actuarial Standards of Practice promulgated by the Actuarial Standards Board of the American Academy of Actuaries, and using X factors that reflect anticipated future mortality, without recognition of mortality improvement beyond the valuation date, taking into account relevant emerging experience; or

(4) Any other table of select mortality factors adopted by the NAIC after the effective date of this chapter and promulgated by regulation by the Commissioner for the purpose of calculating deficiency reserves.

D. In demonstrating compliance with the conditions of §C(3) of this regulation, the demonstrations may not combine the results of tests that utilize the 1980 CSO Mortality Table with those tests that utilize the 2001 CSO Mortality Table, unless the combination is:

(1) Explicitly required by regulation; or

(2) Necessary to be in compliance with relevant Actuarial Standards of Practice.

E. This section applies to both basic reserves and deficiency reserves that are determined by using the 1980 CSO valuation tables. Any set of select mortality factors may be used only for the first segment. If the first segment is less than 10 years, the appropriate 10-year select mortality factors incorporated into the 1980 amendments to NAIC Standard Valuation Law may be used thereafter through the tenth policy year from the date of issue.

F. In determining basic reserves or deficiency reserves, guaranteed gross premiums without policy fees may be used when the calculation involves the guaranteed gross premium but only if the policy fee is a level dollar amount after the first policy year. In determining deficiency reserves, policy fees may be included in guaranteed gross premiums even if not included in the actual calculation of basic reserves.

G. Reserves for Policies With Certain Changes Made After Issue. Reserves for policies that have changes to guaranteed gross premiums, guaranteed benefits, guaranteed charges, or guaranteed credits that are unilaterally made by the insurer after issue and that are effective for more than 1 year after the date of the change shall be the greatest of the following:

(1) Reserves calculated ignoring the guarantee;

(2) Reserves assuming the guarantee was made at issue; and

(3) Reserves assuming that the policy was issued on the date of the guarantee.

H. Documentation of Adequacy of Reserves.

(1) The Commissioner may require that the company document the extent of the adequacy of reserves for specified blocks, including policies issued before the effective date of this chapter.

(2) The documentation may include a demonstration of the extent to which aggregation with other nonspecified blocks of business is relied on in the formation of the appointed actuary opinion pursuant to and consistent with the requirements of COMAR 31.05.01.

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