Code of Maine Rules
06 - DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
096 - DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION - GENERAL
Chapter 167 - TRACKING AND REPORTING GROSS AND NET ANNUAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Section 096-167-4 - Gross greenhouse gas emissions estimates

(A) The agriculture module shall be used to calculate CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions from enteric fermentation; manure management, agriculture soils, plant residues, legumes, and fertilizers; rice cultivation; liming of soils; urea fertilization; and agricultural burning.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (i)(A) above include the EPA U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory; EPA Air Emissions Inventory Improvement Program; United States Geological Survey (USGS) Liming Materials Yearbook; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Quick Stats; and the Association of American Plant Food Control Officials and the Fertilizer Institute.

(A) The CO2FFC module shall be used to calculate CO2 emissions from fuel types by end-use sector. Fuel types include coal, natural gas, petroleum, and other. Emissions shall be calculated for the industrial, electric power, commercial, residential, and transportation sectors.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (ii)(A) above include the Energy Information Administration (EIA) State Energy Data System (SEDS); EIA Natural Gas Report; and EPA U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory.

(A) The coal module shall be used to calculate CH4 emissions from coal mining and abandoned coal mine activities.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (iii)(A) above include the EPA U.S. Greenhouse Gas Inventory.

(A) The electricity consumption module shall be used to calculate CO2e emissions from electricity consumption by end-use equipment types and end-use sector.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (iv)(A) above include the EIA SEDS; National Transit Database; EIA Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey; EIA Residential Energy Consumption Survey; EIA Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey; and EPA Emissions and Generation Resource Integrated Database.

(A) The industrial processes module shall be used to calculate CO2, N2O, HFC, PFC, NF3, and SF6 emissions from the following industrial process sectors: cement production; lime manufacture; limestone and dolomite use; soda ash manufacture and consumption; iron and steel production; ammonia manufacture; nitric acid production; adipic acid production; aluminum production; HCFC-22 production; consumption of substitutes for ozone depleting substances; electric power transmission and distribution; and magnesium production and processing.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (v)(A) above include the USGS Minerals Yearbook; U.S Census; and USGS Cement Statistics and Information.

(A) The LULUCF module may be used to calculate CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions from fertilization of settlement soils and forest fires, as well as carbon flux from forest management, urban trees, landfilled yard trimmings and food scraps, and agricultural soils. Alternatively, carbon sequestered and emitted from these sources and sinks may be estimated using methods outlined in the net greenhouse gas emissions estimates section of this Chapter.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (vi)(A) above include the U.S. Forest Service; EPA Advancing Sustainable Materials Management Fact Sheet; U.S Greenhouse Gas Inventory; and Association of American Plant Food Control Officials and the Fertilizer Institute.

(A) The mobile combustion module shall be used to calculate CH4 and N2O emissions from highway vehicles, aviation, boats and vessels, locomotives, other non-highway sources, and alternative fuel vehicles.

NOTE: CO2 emissions from mobile combustion are calculated in the CO2FFC module.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (vii)(A) above include the EIA SEDS; FHWA Highway Statistics; EIA Adjusted Sales of Distillate Fuel Oil by End Use; and U.S Greenhouse Gas Inventory.

(A) The natural gas and oil module shall be used to calculate CH4 and CO2 emissions from all phases of natural gas systems (including production, transmission, venting and flaring, and distribution) and petroleum systems (including production, refining, transport, and storage).

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (viii)(A) above include the EIA Petroleum Supply; EIA Crude Oil Production; EIA Number of Producing Gas Wells; EIA Number of Gas Producing Oil Wells; EIA Monthly Energy Review; and EIA Natural Gas Gross Withdraws and Production.

(A) The municipal solid waste module shall be used to calculate CH4 emissions from landfilling of municipal solid waste (MSW) and CO2 and N2O emissions from the combustion of MSW.

NOTE: All facilities that combust MSW and many facilities that landfill MSW are required by Department rule Chapter 137 to submit facility reports of GHG emissions that are included in Section 4. A.(1) (Direct facility reporting) of this Chapter.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (ix)(A) above include the U.S Census; EPA Advancing Sustainable Materials Management Fact Sheet; and Landfill Methane Outreach Program Landfill and Landfill Gas Energy Project Database.

(A) The stationary combustion module shall be used to calculate CH4 and N2O emissions for combustion of coal, natural gas, petroleum, wood, and other fuel types by end-use sector.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (x)(A) above include the EIA SEDS; EIA Annual Natural Gas Report; and U.S Greenhouse Gas Inventory.

(A) The wastewater module shall be used to calculate CH4 and N2O emissions from the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater.

(B) In accordance with the SIT, acceptable data sources for estimates of emissions from the activities in subsection (xi)(A) above include the USDA Quick Stats; U.S Census; and U.S Greenhouse Gas Inventory.

(A) Vehicle miles traveled on Maine roads

(B) Industrial process-specific data

(C) Solid waste data

(A) SIT estimates of GHG emissions from biogenic sources may be included in calculations of gross and net GHG emissions if the Department determines that the SIT estimates are sufficiently representative of activities in Maine.

(B) Biogenic emissions of CH4 and N2O from wood and wood waste shall not be calculated using the stationary combustion module of the SIT. Estimates of biogenic emissions of CH4 and N2O shall be calculated with CO2 estimates in accordance with subsection 3 (Biogenic Emissions) below.

(A) Activity data (in Btu) for wood and wood waste consumed in Maine industrial and electric power sectors shall be collected from the EIA SEDS database by sector for years 1990 through 2009. Emission factors from 40 CFR Part 98 must be used to calculate CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions based on energy (Btu) values for each year.

(B) Data reported by licensed stationary sources for wood, bark, biomass, and wood waste (black liquor solids and sludge) combusted shall be used for the industrial and electric power sector data starting with the 2010 data year.

(A) Gross GHG emissions estimates from residential combustion of biomass shall be calculated based on household surveys of primary and supplementary heating sources and fuel use. The Department will contract with an independent third party to conduct household surveys.

(B) Survey results given in cords shall be converted to short tons using a conversion factor of 1.8 short tons/cord.

(C) Residential wood shall be assumed to have an average moisture content of 36%, consistent with the EIA SEDS methodology.

(D) Survey results shall be extrapolated to non-participating households in Maine using the most recent census data to provide an estimate of the total short tons of residential wood combusted in Maine.

(E) Survey results shall be assumed to be the same for the two years included in the heating season survey period (October 1 - April 30 each year).

(F) For years when a survey is not conducted, data shall beestimated using a linear fit between survey years.

(G) Btu values and emissions of CO2, CH4, and N2O shall be calculated based on 40 CFR Part 98 factors.