Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 9, March 1, 2024
RELATES TO:
KRS
224.20-100,
224.20-110,
224.20-120
NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY:
KRS
224.10-100 requires the Environmental and
Public Protection Cabinet to prescribe administrative regulations for the
prevention, abatement and control of air pollution. This administrative
regulation provides for the control of emissions from existing by-product coke
manufacturing plants.
Section 1.
Applicability. The provisions of this administrative regulation are applicable
to each affected facility commenced before the classification date defined
below.
Section 2. Definitions. As
used in this administrative regulation all terms not defined herein shall have
the meaning given them in
401 KAR
50:010 and
401 KAR
61:005.
(1)
"Affected facility" means a by-product coke oven battery.
(2) "Classification date" means April 9,
1972.
(3) "Coke oven battery" means
a number of slot-type coking chambers arranged side by side.
(4) "Charging" means the process of conveying
coal and dropping it into a coke oven through the charging holes or ports
located on top of the oven.
(5)
"Coking" means the destructive distillation of coal in the absence of
oxygen.
(6) "Coke" means a solid
form of carbon resulting from the destructive distillation of coal.
(7) "Coke oven" means a refractory lined,
heated, slot-type chamber in which coke is produced.
(8) "Chuck door" means the port for the
leveling bar.
(9) "Leveling bar"
means a structured steel bar pushed back and forth horizontally through the
chuck door and used to eliminate the peaks in the coal charged in the
oven.
(10) "Collecting main" means
the horizontal manifold connected to the standpipes used to conduct the
volatile materials to the by-products plant.
(11) "Larry car" means the apparatus used to
charge coal into an empty oven. It is also known as a charging car.
(12) "Pusher machine" means a large apparatus
which travels on rails alongside the battery and used to remove doors and push
coke from the ovens.
(13)
"Gooseneck" means a short curved cast iron refractory lined pipe that conveys
the volatiles from the standpipe to the collector main.
(14) "Standpipe" means a short vertical
refractory lined pipe which conducts volatiles from an oven through the
gooseneck to the collector main.
(15) "Quench" means the process whereby water
is used to cool the hot coke.
(16)
"Quenching car" means an apparatus used to convey hot coke to the quenching
tower. It is also known as a wharf car.
(17) "Charging period" means for larry car
charging systems, the period of time commencing when the first hopper gate is
opened and ending when the last topside port lid is replaced. The charging
period includes the period of time during which the port lid is reopened in
order to sweep spilled coal into the oven.
(18) "Total coke oven doors" means push and
coke side doors with the chuck doors considered to be part of the push side
doors.
Section 3.
Standards for Particulate Matter. No person subject to the provisions of this
administrative regulation shall cause, suffer or allow particulate matter to be
discharged to the atmosphere from each affected facility or operation of a
by-product coke oven battery except as follows:
(1) Coke oven charging. No visible emissions
during the charging cycle from the control equipment, the charging ports, the
larry cars or the open chuck door, except for an average of twenty-five (25)
seconds of any visible emissions (excluding water vapor) per charge, averaged
over five (5) consecutive charges.
(2) Battery topside leaks. No more than five
(5) percent of the charging ports and ten (10) percent of the standpipes on
operating ovens shall be leaking (exhibiting visible emissions except for steam
or nonsmoking flame) at any time.
(3) Doors. No visible emission, except
nonsmoking flame, from more than ten (10) percent of the total coke oven doors
on a battery.
(4) Combustion stack.
No visible emission (other than water mist or vapor) shall exceed twenty (20)
percent opacity from any coke oven combustion stack.
(5) Pushing. Emissions shall be controlled
such that:
(a) No visible emissions, as
observed at fifteen (15) second intervals, shall exceed twenty (20) percent
opacity from the time the oven door removal has been completed until the hot
car is inside the quench tower except for ten (10) percent of the total number
of observations recorded.
(b) The
emission rate from the control device shall not exceed 0.030 pounds of
filterable particulate per ton of coke pushed, averaged over a number of
pushes.
(6) Quenching.
(a) No visible emissions, except water vapor
or mist shall exceed an opacity of twenty (20) percent during the quenching
operations.
(b) No process water
shall be used for quenching and the make-up water shall not contain total
dissolved solids concentration in excess of 750 mg/liter.
(c) The quench tower draft shall be adequate
to ensure that all visible quenching gases exit through the quench tower
baffles.
Section
4. Standard for Sulfur Dioxide. Coke oven gas shall not be burned
or discharged unless it contains a concentration of sulfur compounds (expressed
as sulfur dioxide) as determined by Appendix A of this administrative
regulation that will result in emissions of no more than ninety-five (95)
pounds of equivalent sulfur dioxide per million cubic feet of coke oven gas
produced. Included in this are all sulfur compounds, expressed as sulfur
dioxide, emitted from sulfur recovery equipment used to process the sulfur
compounds removed from coke oven gas.
Section
5. Test Methods and Procedures.
(1) Except as provided in
401 KAR 50:045,
and subsections (2) and (3) of this section, performance tests used to
demonstrate compliance with Sections 3 and 4 of this administrative regulation
shall be conducted according to the following methods (filed by reference in
401 KAR
50:015) :
(a)
Reference Method 9 for combustion stack opacity and pushing operation, except
for time averaging and number of observations.
(b) Method 209C from the Standard Methods for
the Evaluation of Water and Wastewater, 15th Edition, 1980, for determining
total dissolved solids in make-up water.
(2) Determination of sulfur in coke oven gas.
Cleaned coke oven gas and any Claus plant tail gas shall be sampled for
hydrogen sulfide, carbonylsulfide, and carbon disulfide by gas chromatograph
separation and flame photometric or thermal conductivity detection. Alternate
methods may be approved by the cabinet. Clean gas and tail gas flow shall be
measured by in-line continuous orifice, venturi or elbow tap flow meters.
Compliance testing shall consist of simultaneous measurement of sweet (clean)
coke oven gas and sulfur recovery tail gas concentrations and flows. Four (4)
samples per hour shall be acquired for concentration and flows during a four
(4) hour test period. Compliance shall be determined from the arithmetic
average of the sixteen (16) values calculated by using the formula in Appendix
A of this administrative regulation.
(3) Determination of visible emission during
the oven charging period.
(a) Principle. The
visible emissions emitted from charging systems and oven ports are to be
determined visually by an observer who is familiar with coke oven battery
operations. Observations for five (5) consecutive charges are to be recorded
unless the standard is exceeded before the five (5) charges are
completed.
(b) Procedure. The
observer is to stand such that he has a good view of the oven being charged.
Upon observing any visible emission an accumulative stopwatch is started. The
watch is stopped when the visible emission stops and is restarted when the
visible emission reappears. The observer is to continue this procedure for the
entire charging period. Visible emissions may occur simultaneously from several
points during a charge; e.g., from around all drop sleeves at the same time. In
this case, the visible emissions are timed collectively, not independently.
Also, visible emissions may start from one (1) source immediately after another
source stops. This will be timed as one (1) continuous visible emission. The
following visible emissions are not to be timed:
1. Visible emissions from burning coal
spilled on top of the oven or oven lid during charging;
2. Visible emissions that drift from the top
of a larry car hopper, but have already been timed as a visible emission from
the drop sleeve below the hopper.
(c) Recording charging emissions. The time
recorded on the stop watch is the total time that visible emissions were
observed during the charge.
(4) Determination of visible emissions from
coke oven topside leaks.
(a) Principle. The
visible emissions produced from leaking off-take systems, and topside lids are
determined visually by an observer who is familiar with coke oven battery
operations.
(b) Procedure. The
observer shall inspect the coke oven battery by traveling the length of the
battery topside at a steady pace, pausing only to make appropriate entries on
the inspection report. Travel at a normal walking pace one (1) length of the
coke oven battery shall constitute a run taking approximately four (4) minutes
(for a seventy (70) oven battery) to complete. In performing a run to determine
oven lid leaks, the observer shall walk the centerline of the battery looking
far enough ahead (two (2) or four (4) ovens) of his travel to easily see the
oven lids. During one (1) run, the observer shall record the number of total
visible emissions from oven lids, and during another run the observer shall
determine visible emissions from off-take systems, and collection mains, from
the battery centerline or an alternative location (e.g., a catwalk). The total
number of leaks from the topside shall be recorded on the inspection report
sheet. The following emissions shall not be recorded:
1. Visible emissions from lids and standpipe
caps that are opened during a decarbonization period (not to exceed three (3)
ovens at any one (1) time) or charging period.
2. Steam emissions; this includes steam
caused by the vaporization of wet luting material.
(c) Determination of percent topside leaks.
The total number of leaks shall be observed during a run and then the percent
of charge port and standpipe leaks shall be determined by using the formulas
given in Appendix B to this administrative regulation.
(5) Door inspection procedure.
(a) Observation. The inspector shall make his
observations of door emissions from a location as close to the battery as
safety and visibility conditions permit, but generally outside of the pusher
machine or hot car tracks. The inspector may move to a closer observation point
to determine the source of an emission. The inspector shall start the
inspection procedure with an oven at either end of the battery and on either
the push side or the coke side of the battery. The inspector shall observe and
record any visible emission from the door. Visible emissions from the sealing
edge around the perimeter of a door, or, in the case of the pusher side, from
the door and the chuck door will be considered as door emissions. Visible
emissions from structural leaks, such as buckstay or lintel leaks, will not be
considered as door emissions. The inspector will then move to the adjacent door
and check for door emissions in a like manner. The inspector will continue this
procedure down the entire length of the battery. If a temporary machine
obstruction occurs blocking his view of a series of ovens, he may bypass those
ovens and continue down the remainder of the battery, returning to check the
bypassed ovens when he has completed that side of the battery. After the
inspector has observed the doors on one (1) side of a battery, he shall then
proceed directly to the opposite side of the battery and again start at one (1)
end of the battery repeating the same procedure as for the previous
side.
(b) Determination of percent
leaking doors. The total number of leaking doors shall be observed on both
sides of the coke oven battery and then the percent of leaking doors shall be
determined using the formula given in Appendix C to this administrative
regulation.
(6)
Determination of quenching visible emissions. The inspector shall make his
observations of quenching emissions from a position where he can observe the
quench plume. The inspector observes all emissions from the time the wharf car
enters the quench tower until the time it leaves the tower after the quench.
The maximum opacity of the plume observed against a contrasting background is
recorded. If water vapor or mist is present, the opacity is determined after
the water vapor or mist is no longer visible in the plume.
(7) Determination of pushing visible
emissions. The inspector shall make his observation from a position where he
can observe emissions from the coke oven door and from the hot car as the
emissions rise above the collector main. Emissions shall be observed from the
time the door removal has been completed until the hot car has entered the
quench tower.
Section 6.
Compliance Timetable. The owner or operator shall have demonstrated compliance
with the standard in Section 3(5)(b) of this administrative regulation on or
before December 31, 1980. Compliance with the standard in Section 3(2) of this
administrative regulation shall be demonstrated on or before December 31, 1982.
Compliance with all other provisions of this administrative regulation shall
have been demonstrated on or before June 6, 1979.
Section 7. Appendix A - Formula for
Determining Sulfur Compounds Expressed as SO2) Contained
in Coke Oven Gas.
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Section
8. Appendix B - Formula for Determining Percent Charge Port Leaks.
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Formula for determining percent standpipe leaks.
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Section
9. Appendix C - Formula for Determining the Percent Door Leaks.
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STATUTORY AUTHORITY:
KRS
224.10-100