Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 9, March 1, 2024
RELATES TO: KRS Chapter 224
NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY:
KRS
224.10-100 requires the Environmental and
Public Protection Cabinet to prescribe administrative regulations for the
prevention, abatement, and control of air pollution. This administrative
regulation provides for control of emissions from steel plants or foundries
using existing electric arc furnaces.
Section
1. Applicability. The provisions of this administrative regulation
apply to the following affected facilities in steel plants and foundries
commenced before the classification date defined below: electric arc furnaces
and/or associated metallurgical equipment located in the same shop as well as
associated dust-handling equipment.
Section
2. Definitions. As used in this administrative regulation, all
terms not defined herein shall have the meaning given them in
401 KAR
50:010.
(1) "Electric
arc furnace (EAF)" means any furnace that produces molten steel and heats the
charge materials with electric arcs from carbon electrodes. Furnaces from which
the molten steel is cast into the shape of finished products, such as in a
foundry, are affected facilities included within the scope of this definition.
Furnaces which, as the primary source of iron, continuously feed prereduced ore
pellets are not affected facilities within the scope of this
definition.
(2) "Dust-handling
equipment" means any equipment used to handle particulate matter collected by
the control device and located at or near the control device for an EAF subject
to this administrative regulation.
(3) "Control device" means the air pollution
control equipment used to remove particulate matter generated by an EAF(s) from
the effluent gas stream.
(4)
"Capture system" means the equipment (including ducts, hoods, fans, dampers,
etc.) used to capture or transport particulate matter generated by an EAF and
associated metallurgical equipment to the air pollution control
device.
(5) "Associated
metallurgical equipment" in the shop includes but is not limited to scrap
preheaters and degreasers, and equipment for hot metal transfer, charging,
lancing, boiling, slagging and deslagging, tapping, inoculating, teeming,
hot-topping, vacuum degassing, continuous casting, etc.
(6) "Charge" means the addition of iron and
steel scrap or other materials into the top of an electric arc
furnace.
(7) "Charging period"
means the time period commencing at the moment an EAF starts to open and ending
three (3) minutes after the EAF roof is returned to its closed
position.
(8) "Tap" means the
pouring of molten steel from an EAF.
(9) "Tapping period" means the time period
commencing at the moment an EAF begins to tilt to pour and ending three (3)
minutes after an EAF returns to an upright position.
(10) "Meltdown and refining" means that phase
of the steel production cycle when charge material is melted and undesirable
elements are removed from the metal.
(11) "Meltdown and refining period" means the
time period commencing at the termination of the initial charging period and
ending at the initiation of the tapping period, excluding any intermediate
charging periods.
(12) "Heat time"
means the period commencing when scrap is charged to an empty EAF and
terminating when the EAF tap is completed.
(13) "Shop" means the building which houses
one (1) or more EAF.
(14) "Direct
shell evacuation system" means any system that maintains a negative pressure
within the EAF above the slag or metal and ducts the emissions to the control
device.
(15) "Concentrated
discharge" means that the outlet from a control device consists of either
stacks (one (1) or more) or openings on the device's top or side which has
(have) a total area less than five (5) percent of the corresponding top or side
and which has (have) a length of not more than twice the width.
(16) "Dispersed discharge" means that the
outlet from a control device consists of opening(s) on the device's top or side
which has (have) a total area exceeding five (5) percent of the corresponding
top or side or which have a length more than twice the width.
(17) "Classification date" means October 21,
1974.
Section 3. Standard
for Particulate Matter.
(1) On and after the
date on which the performance test required to be conducted by
401 KAR 61:005
is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
administrative regulation shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from
an electric arc furnace and associated metallurgical equipment any gases which:
(a) Exit from a control device and contain
particulate matter in excess of 0.010 grains/dscf (twenty-three (23)
mg/dscm);
(b) Exit from a control
device and exhibit opacity in excess of:
1.
Ten (10) percent for a control device with a concentrated discharge.
2. Three (3) percent for a control device
with a dispersed discharge.
(c) Exit directly from a shop and exhibit an
opacity greater than twenty (20) percent for more than eleven (11) times as
observed at fifteen (15) second intervals over a period of any sixty (60)
consecutive minutes. Reference Method 9 of Appendix A to 40 CFR 60, filed by
reference in
401 KAR
50:015, shall be used in determining opacity in this
paragraph, except for averaging time and number of observations.
(2) On and after the date on which
the performance test required to be conducted by
401 KAR 61:005
is completed, no owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
administrative regulation shall cause to be discharged into the atmosphere from
dust-handling equipment any gases which exhibit ten (10) percent opacity or
greater.
Section 4.
Monitoring of Operations.
(1) The owner or
operator subject to the provisions of this administrative regulation shall
maintain records daily of the following information:
(a) Time and duration of each
charge;
(b) Time and duration of
each tap;
(c) All flow rate data
obtained under subsection (2) of this section or equivalent obtained under
subsection (4) of this section; and
(d) All pressure data obtained under
subsection (5) of this section.
(2) Except as provided under subsection (4)
of this section, the owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
administrative regulation shall install, calibrate, and maintain a monitoring
device that continuously records the volumetric flow rate through each
separately ducted hood. The monitoring device(s) may be installed in any
appropriate location in the exhaust duct such that reproducible flow rate
monitoring will result. The flow rate monitoring device(s) shall have an
accuracy of plus or minus ten (10) percent over its normal operating range and
shall be calibrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. The cabinet
may require the owner or operator to demonstrate the accuracy of the monitoring
device(s) relative to Methods 1 and 2 of Appendix A of 40 CFR 60.
(3) When the owner or operator of an EAF is
required to demonstrate compliance with the standard under Section 3(1)(c) of
this administrative regulation, and at any other time the cabinet may require,
the volumetric flow rate through each separately ducted hood shall be
determined during all periods in which the hood is operated for the purpose of
capturing emissions from the EAF using the monitoring device under subsection
(2) of this section. The owner or operator may petition the cabinet for
reestablishment of these flow rates whenever the owner or operator can
demonstrate to the cabinet's satisfaction that the EAF operating conditions
upon which the flow rates were previously established are no longer applicable.
The flow rates determined during the most recent demonstration of compliance
shall be maintained (or may be exceeded) at the appropriate level for each
applicable period. Operation at lower flow rates may be considered by the
cabinet to be unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected
facility.
(4) The owner or operator
may petition the cabinet to approve any alternative method that will provide a
continuous record of operation of each emission capture system.
(5) Where emissions during any phase of the
heat time are controlled by use of a direct shell evacuation system, the owner
or operator shall install, calibrate and maintain a monitoring device that
continuously records the pressure in the free space inside the EAF. The
pressure shall be recorded as fifteen (15) minute integrated averages. The
monitoring device may be installed in any appropriate location in the EAF such
that reproducible results will be obtained. The pressure monitoring device
shall have an accuracy of plus or minus five (5) mm of water gauge over its
normal operating range and shall be calibrated according to the manufacturer's
instructions.
(6) When the owner or
operator of an EAF is required to demonstrate compliance with the standard
under Section 3(1)(c) of this administrative regulation and at any other time
the cabinet may require, the pressure in the free space inside the furnace
shall be determined during the meltdown and refining period(s) using the
monitoring device under subsection (5) of this section. The owner or operator
may petition the cabinet for reestablishment of the fifteen (15) minute
integrated average pressure whenever the owner or operator can demonstrate to
the cabinet's satisfaction that the EAF operating conditions upon which the
pressures were previously established are no longer applicable. The pressure
determined during the most recent demonstration of compliance shall be
maintained at all times the EAF is operating in a meltdown and refining period.
Operation at higher pressures may be considered by the cabinet to be
unacceptable operation and maintenance of the affected facility.
(7) Where the capture system is designed and
operated such that all emissions are captured and ducted to a control device,
the owner or operator shall not be subject to the requirements of this
section.
(8) Where each EAF in a
shop has an actual tapping capacity of less than ten (10) tons, the owner or
operator shall not be subject to the requirements of this section.
Section 5. Test Methods and
Procedures.
(1) Reference methods in Appendix
A of 40 CFR 60, except as provided under
401 KAR 50:045,
shall be used to determine compliance with this administrative regulation as
follows:
(a) Reference Method 5 for
concentration of particulate matter and associated moisture content;
(b) Reference Method 1 for sample and
velocity traverses;
(c) Reference
Method 2 for velocity and volumetric flow rate;
(d) Reference Method 3 for gas analysis;
and
(e) Reference Method 9 for
opacity determination of gases discharged through a control device and from
dust-handling equipment.
(2) For Reference Method 5, the sampling time
for each run shall be at least four (4) hours. When a single EAF is sampled,
the sampling time for each run shall also include an integral number of heats.
Shorter sampling times, when necessitated by process variables or other
factors, may be approved by the cabinet. The minimum sample volume shall be
four and five-tenths (4.5) dscm (160 dscf).
(3) For the purpose of this section, the
owner or operator shall conduct the demonstration of compliance with Section
3(1)(c) of this administrative regulation and furnish the cabinet a written
report of the results of the test.
(4) During any performance test required
under
401 KAR 61:005
no gaseous diluents may be added to the effluent gas stream after the fabric in
any pressurized fabric filter collector, unless the amount of dilution is
separately determined and considered in the determination of
emissions.
(5) When more than one
(1) control device serves the EAF(s) being tested, the concentration of
particulate matter shall be determined using the equation in Appendix A to this
administrative regulation.
(6) Any
control device subject to the provisions of this administrative regulation
shall be designed and constructed to allow measurement of volumetric flow rate
and emissions using applicable test methods and procedures.
(7) Where emissions from any EAF(s) are
combined with emissions from other affected facilities in the same shop and
controlled by a common capture system and control device, the owner or operator
may use any of the following procedures during a performance test:
(a) Base compliance on control of the
combined emissions;
(b) Utilize a
method acceptable to the cabinet which compensates for the emissions from the
other affected facilities; and
(c)
Any combination of the criteria of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this
subsection.
Section
6. Compliance Timetable. The owner or operator of an affected
facility shall demonstrate compliance with Section 3(1)(c) of this
administrative regulation on or before October 15, 1982. Compliance with all
other provisions of the administrative regulation shall have been demonstrated
on or before June 6, 1979.
Section
7. Appendix A . Equation for Concentration of Particulate Matter
for More Than One Control Device.
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STATUTORY AUTHORITY:
KRS
224.10-100