Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 9, March 1, 2024
RELATES TO:
KRS
224.20-100,
224.20-110,
224.20-120,
40 C.F.R. 60 Appendix A (Method 24),
42 U.S.C.
7401 et seq., 7407, 7408, 7410
NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY:
KRS
224.10-100 requires the Environmental and
Public Protection Cabinet to prescribe administrative regulations for the
prevention, abatement, and control of air pollution.
42
USC 7410 likewise requires the state to
implement standards for national primary and secondary ambient air quality.
This administrative regulation provides for the control of volatile organic
compound emissions from new fabric, vinyl or paper surface coating
operations.
Section 1. Definitions. As
used in this administrative regulation, all terms not defined in this section
shall have the meaning given to them in
401 KAR
59:001.
(1) "Affected
facility" means a coating line for fabric, vinyl, or paper.
(2) "Applicator" means the mechanism or
device used to apply the coating including, but not limited to, roll, knife, or
rotogravure coater.
(3) "Flash-off
area" means the space between the applicator and the oven.
(4) "Coating line" means a series of
equipment or operations used to apply, dry, or cure any coatings containing
volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This shall include, but is not limited to:
(a) Mixing operations;
(b) Process storage;
(c) Applicators;
(d) Drying operations including, but not
limited to, flash-off area evaporation, oven drying, baking, curing, and
polymerization;
(e) Clean up
operations;
(f) Leaks, spills, and
disposal of VOCs;
(g) Processing
and handling of recovered VOCs;
(h)
To determine compliance with this administrative regulation, if any equipment
or operation is considered to be a part of more than one (1) coating line, its
VOC emissions shall be assigned to each coating line of which it is a part
proportionally to the throughput of VOCs it receives from or distributes to
each coating line;
(i) If any
portion of the series of equipment or operations qualifies for an exemption
according to Section 6 of this administrative regulation, then that portion
shall be considered to be a separate coating line.
(j) An affected facility which is capable of
performing both paper coating and paper printing shall be considered as
performing a paper printing operation subject to
401
KAR 59:212.
(5) "Process storage" means mixing tanks,
holding tanks, and other tanks, drums, or other containers which contain
surface coatings, VOCs, or recovered VOCs, but does not mean storage tanks of
petroleum liquids which are subject to
401 KAR
59:050, 401 KAR 59:052, or
401 KAR
61:050.
(6) "Fabric coating" means the coating or
saturation of a textile substrate to impart properties that are not initially
present, such as strength, stability, water or acid repellency, functionality,
or appearance.
(7) "Vinyl coating"
means the coating of vinyl coated fabric or vinyl sheets, which includes
decorative, functional, or protective topcoats or printing.
(8) "Paper coating" means saturation or the
application of a uniform layer of material across the entire width of a web of
paper, pressure sensitive tapes regardless of substrate, related web coating
processes on plastic film such as typewriter ribbons, photographic film,
magnetic tape, functional films, and decorative coatings on metal foil such as
gift wrap and packaging, but does not include the printing of paper.
(9) "Knife coating" means the application of
a coating material to a substrate by means of drawing the substrate beneath a
knife that spreads the coating evenly over the full width of the
substrate.
(10) "Roll coating"
means the application of a coating material to a substrate by means of hard
rubber or steel rolls.
(11)
"Rotogravure coating" means the application of a uniform layer of material
across a substrate by means of a roll coating technique in which the entire
coating roll is uniformly etched with recessed cells and no pattern or design
is present. The coating material is picked up in these recessed cells and is
transferred to the substrate.
(12)
"Classification date" means June 29, 1979.
(13) "VOCs net input" means the total amount
of VOCs input to the affected facility minus the amount of VOCs that are not
emitted into the atmosphere. VOCs that are prevented from being emitted to the
atmosphere by the use of control devices shall not be subtracted from the total
for the purposes of determining VOCs net input. If the nature of any operation
or design of equipment permits more than one (1) interpretation of this
definition, the interpretation that results in the minimum value for allowable
emission shall apply.
(14)
"Printing" means the formation of words, designs, and pictures, usually by a
series of application rolls, each with only partial coverage. It shall apply to
flexographic and rotogravure processes as applied to publication, specialty,
and packaging printing as defined in
401
KAR 59:212.
Section 2. Applicability.
(1) This administrative regulation shall
apply to:
(a) Each affected facility commenced
on or after the classification date defined in Section 1 of this administrative
regulation and located in a county or portion of a county designated as
nonattainment for ozone in
401 KAR
51:010, for any classification except marginal;
and
(b) Each affected facility
commenced on or after June 24, 1992 which is a part of a major source located
in a county or portion of a county designated attainment or marginal
nonattainment for ozone in
401 KAR
51:010.
(2) Each affected facility commenced on or
after the classification date defined in Section 1 of this administrative
regulation but prior to June 24, 1992 which is a part of a major source located
in a county or portion of a county designated attainment or marginally
nonattainment for ozone in
401 KAR
51:010 shall be exempt from this administrative
regulation except that control devices and procedures required at the time it
commenced shall continue to be operated and maintained.
Section 3. Standard for VOCs. No person shall
cause, allow, or permit an affected facility to discharge into the atmosphere
more than fifteen (15) percent by weight of the VOCs net input into the
affected facility.
Section 4.
Compliance.
(1) In all cases the design of
any control system shall be subject to approval by the cabinet.
(2) Compliance with the standard in Section 3
of this administrative regulation shall be demonstrated by a material balance
unless the cabinet determines that a material balance is not possible. If a
material balance is not possible, compliance shall be determined based upon an
engineering analysis by the cabinet of the control system design, control
device efficiency, control system capture efficiency, and any other factors
that may influence the performance of the system. If requested by the cabinet,
performance tests specified by the cabinet shall be conducted to determine the
efficiency of the control device. Capture efficiency shall be determined by
procedures specified in
401 KAR
50:047 in all ozone nonattainment areas except
marginal.
(3) With the prior
approval of the cabinet, the owner or operator may elect to effect all changes
necessary to qualify for an exemption under Section 6 of this administrative
regulation.
(4) If deemed necessary
by the cabinet, the cabinet shall obtain samples of the coatings used at an
affected facility to verify that the coatings meet the requirements in Section
6 of this administrative regulation. Appendix A to 40 C.F.R. 60, Method 24,
which has been incorporated by reference in
401 KAR
50:015, shall be used as applicable to determine
compliance of the coatings unless the cabinet determines that other methods
would be more appropriate. Case-by-case alternatives approved by the cabinet,
but not previously authorized by the U.S. EPA, shall be submitted to the U.S.
EPA as a SIP revision.
(5)
Compliance on one (1) coating line with VOC emission limits shall be based on
an averaging period not to exceed twenty-four (24) hours. If it is not
economically or technically feasible to determine emission on a daily basis,
alternatives expressing emission limits for longer averaging times may be
accepted if approved by the cabinet. Case-by-case alternatives approved by the
cabinet, but not previously authorized by the U.S. EPA, shall be submitted to
the U.S. EPA as a SIP revision.
(6)
The amount of exempt solvents shall be subtracted from the amount of coatings,
just like water, with the ultimate value of interest being the mass of VOC per
unit volume of coating less exempt solvent or water or both.
(7) Calculations to determine equivalency on
one (1) coating line shall be based on mass of VOC per volume of solids. Vinyl
plastisols and organisols shall not be included in VOC equivalency calculations
that are required to be included in applications for VOC bubbles.
(8) Daily records shall be maintained by the
source for the most recent two (2) year period. These records shall be made
available to the cabinet or the U.S. EPA upon request. The records shall
include, but not be limited to, the following:
(a) Applicable administrative regulation
number;
(b) Application method and
substrate type;
(c) Amount and type
of adhesive, coating (including catalyst and reducer for multicomponent
coatings), or solvent used at each point of application, including exempt
compounds;
(d) The VOC content as
applied in each adhesive, coating, or solvent;
(e) The date for each application for
adhesive, coating, or solvent;
(f)
The amount of surface preparation, cleanup, or washup solvent (including exempt
compounds) used and the VOC content of each; and
(g) Oven temperature, if
applicable.
Section
5. Compliance Timetable.
(1)
Affected facilities which were subject to this administrative regulation as in
effect on June 29, 1979, shall have achieved final compliance upon
start-up.
(2) The owner or operator
of an affected facility that, on or after June 24, 1992, becomes subject to
this administrative regulation for any reason other than construction,
modification, or reconstruction shall be required to complete the following:
(a) A final control plan for achieving
compliance with this administrative regulation shall be submitted no later than
nine (9) months after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this
administrative regulation.
(b) The
control system contract or the exempt coatings and any accompanying process
change contracts shall be awarded no later than eleven (11) months after the
date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative
regulation.
(c) On-site
construction or installation of emission control equipment or process changes
for exempt coatings shall be initiated no later than thirteen (13) months after
the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative
regulation.
(d) On-site
construction or installation of emission control equipment or process changes
for exempt coatings shall be completed no later than seventeen (17) months
after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative
regulation.
(e) Final compliance
shall be achieved no later than eighteen (18) months after the date the
affected facility becomes subject to this administrative regulation.
(f) If an affected facility becomes subject
to this administrative regulation because it is located in a county previously
designated nonurban nonattainment or redesignated in
401 KAR
51:010 after November 15, 1990, final compliance may
be extended to May 31, 1995, and the schedule in paragraphs (a) through (d) of
this subsection adjusted by the cabinet.
Section 6. Exemptions.
(1) Any affected facility coating fabric or
paper shall be exempt from Section 3 of this administrative regulation if the
VOC content of the coating is less than 0.35 kg/l of coating (two and
nine-tenths (2.9) lb/gal), excluding water or exempt solvent or both, delivered
to the applicators associated with the coating line.
(2) Any affected facility coating vinyl shall
be exempt from Section 3 of this administrative regulation if the VOC content
of the coating is less than 0.45 kg/l of coating (three and eight-tenths (3.8)
lb/gal) excluding water or exempt solvent or both, delivered to the applicators
associated with the coating line.
(3) An affected facility shall be exempt from
this administrative regulation if the total VOC emissions from all affected
facilities subject to this administrative regulation are less than or equal to:
(a) Three (3) lb/hr actual emissions before
add-on control;
(b) Fifteen (15)
lb/day actual emissions before add-on control; or
(c) Ten (10) tons per year theoretical
potential emissions based on design capacity for maximum production) and 8760
hr/yr before add-on control.
(4) Low-use coatings shall be exempt from
Section 3 of this administrative regulation if the plant-wide consumption of
these coatings in the aggregate is less than or equal to fifty-five (55)
gallons during the previous twelve (12) months.
STATUTORY AUTHORITY:
KRS
224.10-100