Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 9, March 1, 2024
RELATES TO:
KRS
224.20-100,
224.20-110(1),
224.20-120,
42 U.S.C.
7408,
7410
NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY:
KRS
224.10-100 requires the Environmental and
Public Protection Cabinet to promulgate administrative regulations for the
prevention, abatement, and control of air pollution.
42
U.S.C. 7410 likewise requires the state to
implement standards for national primary and secondary ambient air quality.
This administrative regulation provides for the control of volatile organic
compound emissions from new solvent metal cleaning equipment.
Section 1. Definitions.
(1) "Affected facility" means cold cleaners,
open top vapor degreasers, and conveyorized degreasers that utilize volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) to remove soluble impurities from metal
surfaces.
(2) "Classification date"
means June 29, 1979.
(3) "Cold
cleaner" means a batch-loaded degreaser whose solvent is kept below its boiling
point.
(4) "Conveyorized degreaser"
means a degreaser that is continuously loaded by means of a conveyor system.
Its solvent may be boiling or nonboiling.
(5) "Freeboard height" means:
(a) For a cold cleaner, the distance from the
liquid solvent level in the degreaser tank to the lip of the tank; or
(b) For a vapor degreaser, the distance from
the solvent vapor level in the tank to the lip of the tank.
(6) "Freeboard ratio" means the
freeboard height divided by the width of the degreaser.
(7) "Open top vapor degreaser" means a
batch-loaded degreaser whose solvent is heated to its boiling point creating a
solvent vapor zone.
(8)
"Refrigerated chiller" means a second set of freeboard condenser coils located
slightly above the primary condenser coils that create a cold air blanket above
the vapor zone.
(9) "Solvent"
means, in this administrative regulation, VOCs.
Section 2. Applicability.
(1) This administrative regulation, except
for Section 4(3) and (4) shall apply to:
(a)
Each affected facility commenced on or after the classification date defined in
Section 1 of this administrative regulation and located in a county or portion
of a county designated as nonat-tainment for ozone in
401 KAR
51:010, for any classification except marginal;
and
(b) Each affected facility
commenced on or after the effective date of this administrative regulation that
is part of a major source located in a county or portion of a county designated
attainment or marginal nonattainment for ozone in
401 KAR
51:010.
(2) Each affected facility commenced on or
after the classification date defined in Section 1 of this administrative
regulation but prior to the effective date of this administrative regulation
that is part of a major source located in a county or portion of a county
designated attainment or marginally nonattainment for ozone in
401 KAR
51:010 shall be exempt from this administrative
regulation except that control devices and procedures required at the time it
commenced shall continue to be operated and maintained.
(3) This administrative regulation, including
Section 4(3) and (4), shall apply to each affected facility commenced on or
after the classification date defined in Section 1 of this administrative
regulation and located in Boone, Campbell, or Kenton
counties.
Section 3.
Standard for VOCs. The owner or operator of an affected facility to which this
administrative regulation applies shall install, maintain and operate the
control equipment and observe at all times the operating requirements that
apply to this type of degreaser as specified in Sections 4, 5, and 6 of this
administrative regulation.
Section
4. Cold Cleaners.
(1) Control
equipment.
(a) The cleaner shall be equipped
with a cover. If the solvent volatility is greater than fifteen (15) mm Hg
measured at 100°F or if the solvent is agitated or heated, then the cover
shall be designed so that it can be easily operated with one (1)
hand.
(b) The cleaner shall be
equipped with a drainage facility so that solvent that drains off parts removed
from the cleaner will return to the cleaner. If the solvent volatility is
greater than thirty-two (32) mm Hg measured at 100°F then the drainage
facility shall be internal so that parts are enclosed under the cover while
draining. The drainage facility may be external if the cabinet determines that
an internal type cannot fit into the cleaning system.
(c) A permanent, conspicuous label,
summarizing the operating requirements specified in subsection (2) of this
section shall be installed on or near the cleaner.
(d) If used, the solvent spray shall be a
fluid stream, not a fine, atomized or shower type spray, and at a pressure that
does not cause excessive splashing.
(e) If the solvent volatility is greater than
thirty-two (32) mm Hg measured at 100°F or if the solvent is heated above
120°F, then one (1) of the following control devices shall be used:
1. Freeboard height that gives a freeboard
ratio greater than or equal to seven-tenths (0.7);
2. Water cover, solvent shall be insoluble in
and heavier than water; or
3. Other
systems of equivalent control, such as a refrigerated chiller or carbon
adsorption.
(2)
Operating requirements:
(a) Waste solvent
shall not be disposed of or transferred to another party so that greater than
twenty (20) percent by weight of the waste solvent can evaporate into the
atmosphere. Waste solvent shall be stored only in covered containers.
(b) The degreaser cover shall be closed if
not handling parts in the cleaner.
(c) Cleaned parts shall be drained for a
minimum of fifteen (15) seconds, or until dripping ceases, whichever is
longer.
(d) The flushing of parts
with a flexible hose or other flushing device shall be performed only within
the freeboard area of the cold cleaner. The solvent flow shall be directed
downward to avoid turbulence at the air-solvent interface so as to prevent the
solvent from splashing outside of the cold cleaner.
(e) Work area fans shall be positioned so
that air is not directed across the opening of the cold cleaner.
(f) The use of an air-agitated solvent bath
is prohibited. A pump-agitated solvent bath shall be operated so as to produce
no observable splashing of the solvent against either the tank wall or the
parts that are being cleaned.
(g)
The cold cleaner shall be free of all liquid leaks. Auxiliary cleaning
equipment such as pumps, water separators, steam traps, or distillation units
shall not have any visible leaks, tears, or cracks.
(h) Spills that occur during solvent transfer
shall be cleaned immediately. Wipe rags, or other absorbent equipment and
materials, used to clean the spill shall be stored in a covered container for
disposal unless storage of these items is prohibited by fire protection
authorities.
(3)
Restrictions regarding sale and use of solvents. Sixty (60) days after January
1, 2005, the following activities are prohibited:
(a) The sale of any solvent with a vapor
pressure that exceeds one (1.0) mm Hg (0.019 psi) measured at 20° C
(68° F) in units greater than five (5) gallons for use in cold
cleaners.
(b) The operation of a
cold cleaner using a solvent with a vapor pressure that exceeds one (1.0) mm Hg
(0.019 psi) measured at 20° C (68° F).
(4) Recordkeeping requirements.
(a) Any individual or entity subject to the
provisions of Section 4(3)(a) of this administrative regulation shall maintain
records for a minimum of five (5) years that include the following information
for each solvent sale:
1. The name and address
of the solvent purchaser;
2. The
date of the sale;
3. The type of
solvent;
4. The unit volume of the
solvent;
5. The total volume of the
solvent; and
6. The vapor pressure
of the solvent measured in mm Hg at 20° C (68° F).
(b) Any individual or entity subject to the
provisions of Section 4(3)(b) of this administrative regulation shall maintain
records for a minimum of five (5) years that include the following information
for each solvent purchase:
1. The name and
address of the solvent supplier;
2.
The date of the purchase;
3. The
type of solvent; and
4. The vapor
pressure of the solvent measured in mm Hg at 20° C (68° F).
Section 5.
Open Top Vapor Degreasers.
(1) Control
equipment:
(a) The degreaser shall be equipped
with a cover that can be opened and closed easily without disturbing the vapor
zone.
(b) The degreaser shall be
equipped with the following safety switches:
1
.
a. Condenser flow switch and
thermostat to shut off sump heat if condenser coolant either is not circulating
or is too warm;
b. Spray safety
switch to shut off spray pump if the vapor level drops more than four (4)
inches below the bottom condenser coil in order to prevent spraying above the
vapor level; and c. Vapor level control thermostat that shuts off sump heat if
the vapor zone rises above the design level; or
2. Equivalent safety systems as approved on a
case-by-case basis by the cabinet.
(c) The degreaser shall be equipped with at
least one (1) of the following major control devices:
1. If the freeboard ratio is greater than or
equal to 0.75, and if the degreaser opening is greater than ten (10) square
feet, the cover shall be powered or mechanically assisted.
2. Refrigerated chiller.
3. Enclosed design so that the cover or door
opens only if the dry part is actually entering or exiting the
degreaser.
4. Carbon adsorption
system, with ventilation greater than or equal to fifty (50) cfm/square foot of
air-vapor interface area, if cover is open and exhausting less than twenty-five
(25) ppm by volume solvent averaged over one (1) complete adsorption
cycle.
5. Control system
demonstrated to have control efficiency equivalent to or better than any of the
above.
(d) A permanent,
conspicuous label, summarizing the operating procedures specified in subsection
(2) of this section shall be installed on or near the degreaser.
(2) Operating requirements:
(a) The cover shall be closed at all times
unless processing work loads through the degreaser.
(b) Solvent carryout shall be minimized by
the following measures:
1. Parts shall be
racked so that entrainment of solvent is avoided and full drainage is
accomplished.
2. Parts shall be
moved in and out of the degreaser at a vertical speed less than eleven (11)
ft./min.
3. Work load in the vapor
zone shall be degreased until condensation ceases.
4. Any pools of solvent shall be tipped out
on the cleaned parts before removal.
5. Parts shall be allowed to dry within the
degreaser above the vapor zone until visually dry (fifteen.
(c) Porous or absorbent materials
such as cloth, leather, wood, or rope shall not be degreased.
(d) Work loads shall not occupy more than
half of the degreaser's open top area.
(e) Spray above the vapor level shall not be
allowed.
(f) Solvent leaks shall be
repaired immediately or the degreaser shall be shut down.
(g) Waste solvent shall not be disposed of or
transferred to another party so that greater than twenty (20) percent by weight
of the waste solvent can evaporate into the atmosphere. Waste solvent shall be
stored only in closed containers.
(h) Exhaust ventilation shall not exceed
sixty-five (65) cfm per square foot of degreaser area unless necessary to meet
OSHA requirements or control device requirements. Ventilation fans shall not be
used near the degreaser opening.
(i) Water shall not be visually detectable in
the solvent exiting the water separator.
Section 6. Conveyorized Degreasers.
(1) Control equipment:
(a) A conveyorized degreaser shall be
enclosed except for work load entrances and exits.
(b) The degreaser shall be equipped with a
drying tunnel or another means such as rotating baskets sufficient to prevent
cleaned parts from carrying out solvent liquid or vapor.
(c) Minimized openings: entrances and exits
shall silhouette work loads so that the average clearance between the largest
parts and the edge of the degreaser opening is either less than four (4) inches
or less than ten (10) percent of the width of the opening.
(d) Downtime covers: the degreaser shall be
equipped with covers for closing off the entrance and exit during shutdown
hours.
(e) If the degreaser has an
air-solvent interface area or an air-vapor interface area equal to or greater
than twenty (20) square feet, it shall be equipped with at least one (1) of the
following major control devices:
1.
Refrigerated chiller;
2. Carbon
adsorption system with ventilation greater than or equal to fifty (50)
cfm/square foot of air-vapor interface area, if downtime covers are open, and
exhausting less than twenty-five (25) ppm of solvent by volume averaged over a
complete adsorption cycle; or
3. A
system demonstrated to have a control efficiency equivalent to or better than
either of the above.
(f)
If the degreaser is a vapor type, it shall be equipped with the following
safety switches:
1.
a. A condenser flow switch and thermostat
that will shut off the sump heat if coolant is either not circulating or is too
warm;
b. A spray safety switch that
will shut off the spray pump or conveyor if the vapor level drops more than
four (4) inches below the bottom condenser coil in order to prevent spraying
above the vapor level; and
c. Vapor
level control thermostat that will shut off sump heat if the vapor level rises
above the design level; or
2. Equivalent safety systems as approved on a
case-by-case basis by the cabinet.
(g) A permanent, conspicuous label,
summarizing the operating procedures specified in subsection (2) of this
section shall be installed on or near the degreaser.
(2) Operating requirements:
(a) Exhaust ventilation shall not exceed
sixty-five (65) cfm per square foot of degreaser opening unless necessary to
meet OSHA requirements or control device requirements. Work place fans shall
not be used near the degreaser opening.
(b) Solvent carryout shall be minimized by
the following measures:
1. Parts shall be
racked so that entrainment of solvent is avoided and full drainage is
accomplished.
2. Vertical conveyor
speed shall be maintained at less than eleven (11) ft/min.
(c) Waste solvent shall not be disposed of or
transferred to another party so that greater than twenty (20) percent by weight
of the waste solvent can evaporate into the atmosphere. Waste solvent shall be
stored only in closed containers.
(d) Solvent leaks shall be repaired
immediately or the degreaser shut down.
(e) Water shall not be visually detectable in
the solvent exiting the water separator.
(f) Downtime covers shall be placed over
entrances and exits of the degreaser immediately after the conveyor and exhaust
are shut down and removed just before they are started up.
Section 7. Compliance Timetable.
(1) Affected facilities that were subject to
this administrative regulation as in effect on June 29, 1979, shall have
achieved final compliance upon start-up.
(2) The owner or operator of an affected
facility that, on or after the effective date of this administrative
regulation, becomes subject to this administrative regulation for any reason
other than construction, modification, or reconstruction shall be required to
complete the following:
(a) A final control
plan for achieving compliance with this administrative regulation shall be
submitted no later than three (3) months after the date the affected facility
becomes subject to this administrative regulation.
(b) The control system contract shall be
awarded no later than five (5) months after the date the affected facility
becomes subject to this administrative regulation.
(c) On-site construction or installation of
emission control equipment shall be initiated no later than seven (7) months
after the date the affected facility becomes subject to this administrative
regulation.
(d) On-site
construction or installation of emission control equipment shall be completed
no later than eleven (11) months after the date the affected facility becomes
subject to this administrative regulation.
(e) Final compliance shall be achieved no
later than twelve (12) months after the date the affected facility becomes
subject to this administrative regulation.
(f) If an affected facility becomes subject
to this administrative regulation because it is located in a county previously
designated nonattainment or redesignated in
401 KAR
51:010 after June 15, 2004, final compliance may be
extended to December 15, 2007, and the schedule in paragraphs (a) through (d)
of this subsection adjusted by the cabinet.
Section 8. Exemptions. Any cold cleaners,
other than cold cleaners subject to Section 4(3) or (4) of this administrative
regulation, shall be exempt from Section 4 of this administrative regulation if
the following criteria are met:
(1) The cold
cleaner shall have a remote solvent reservoir;
(2) The solvent used in the cold cleaner
shall not have a vapor pressure that exceeds thirty-three (33) mm Hg measured
at 100°F or be heated above 120°F;
(3) The sink-like work area shall have an
open drain area less than 100 sq. cm.; and
(4) Evidence shall be provided that waste
solvent shall be stored or properly disposed of with minimal loss due to
evaporation.
STATUTORY AUTHORITY:
KRS
224.10-100