Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 9, March 1, 2024
RELATES TO: KRS 224.10, 40 C.F.R. Part 60 , Subparts D, Da, Db,
Dc, Appendices A, B, Part 63, Subparts DDDDD, UUUUU, JJJJJJ
NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY:
KRS
224.10-100(5) requires the
cabinet to promulgate administrative regulations for the prevention, abatement,
and control of air pollution. This administrative regulation establishes
requirements for the control of emissions from new indirect heat
exchangers.
Section 1. Definitions.
(1) "Affected facility" means an indirect
heat exchanger having a heat input capacity greater than one (1) million BTU
per hour (MMBTU/hr).
(2)
"Classification date" means:
(a) August 17,
1971, for an affected facility with a capacity greater than 250 MMBTU/hr heat
input; and
(b) April 9, 1972, for
an affected facility with a capacity of 250 MMBTU/hr heat input or
less.
(3) "Fuel" means
any material combusted for the purpose of creating useful heat.
(4) "GCV" means gross calorific
value.
(5) "Indirect heat
exchanger" means a piece of equipment, apparatus, or contrivance used for the
combustion of fuel in which the energy produced is transferred to its point of
usage through a medium that does not come in contact with or add to the
products of combustion.
(6)
"Shutdown period" means:
(a) For a source
subject to 40 C.F.R. Part 63 , Subpart DDDDD, UUUUU, or JJJJJJ, the period
defined as "shutdown" in:
1.
40 C.F.R.
63.7575;
2.
40 C.F.R.
63.10042; or
3.
40 C.F.R.
63.11237; or
(b) For a source not subject to 40 C.F.R.
Part 63 , Subpart DDDDD, UUUUU, or JJJJJJ, the period:
1. Beginning when whichever occurs first:
a. The affected facility no longer supplies
useful thermal energy for heating, cooling, process purposes, or generation of
electricity; or
b. Fuel is not being
combusted in the affected facility; and
2. Ending when:
a. The affected facility no longer supplies
useful thermal energy for heating, cooling, process purposes, or generation of
electricity; and
b. Fuel is not
being combusted in the affected facility.
(7) "Startup period" means:
(a) For a source subject to 40 C.F.R. Part
63, Subpart DDDDD, UUUUU, or JJJJJJ, the period defined as "startup" in:
1.
40 C.F.R.
63.7575;
2.
40 C.F.R.
63.10042; or
3.
40 C.F.R.
63.11237; or
(b) For a source not subject to 40 C.F.R.
Part 63 , Subpart DDDDD, UUUUU, or JJJJJJ, the period:
1. Beginning with either:
a. The combustion of any fuel in an affected
facility for the purpose of supplying useful thermal energy for heating,
cooling, process purposes, or generation of electricity; or
b. The combustion of fuel in an affected
facility for any purpose after a shutdown event; and
2. Ending after the longest
manufacturer-recommended time required to engage all control devices utilized
by the affected facility applicable to the pollutant, not to exceed four (4)
hours after any of the useful thermal energy from the affected facility is
supplied for any purpose.
(8) "Useful thermal energy" means energy that
meets the minimum operating temperature, flow, or pressure required by an
energy use system that uses energy provided by the affected facility.
Section 2. Applicability.
(1) This administrative regulation shall
apply to an affected facility commenced on or after the applicable
classification date.
(2) An
affected facility subject to
40 C.F.R.
60.40 through
60.46
(Subpart D), 60.40Da through 60.52Da (Subpart Da), 60.40b through 60.49b
(Subpart Db), or 60.40c through 60.48c (Subpart Dc) shall be exempt from
Sections 3 through 6 of this administrative regulation for each pollutant
covered under this administrative regulation with a specific emission standard
in the applicable New Source Performance Standard (NSPS) codified at 40 C.F.R.
Part 60 .
Section 3.
Method for Determining Allowable Emission Rates.
(1) Except as established in subsection (3)
of this section, the total rated heat input capacity of all affected facilities
at a source, including those for which an application to construct, modify, or
reconstruct has been submitted to the cabinet, shall be used as established in
Sections 4 and 5 of this administrative regulation to determine the allowable
emission rate in terms of lb/MMBTU heat input.
(2) The permitted allowable emissions rate of
an affected facility shall not be changed due to inclusion or shutdown of
another affected facility at the source.
(3) A source may submit a request to the
cabinet for approval of an allowable emission rate apportioned independently
from individual heat input pursuant to this subsection, as established in
paragraphs (a) through (f) of this subsection.
(a) The following equation shall be used to
determine the allowable emissions rate: F = (AB + DE)/C, in which
1. A = allowable emission rate (in lb/MMBTU
heat input) determined pursuant to subsection (1) of this section;
2. B = total rated heat input (in MMBTU/hr)
of all affected facilities at the source commenced on or after the applicable
classification date, including those for which an application to construct,
modify, or reconstruct has been submitted to the cabinet;
3. C = total rated heat input (in MMBTU/hr)
of all affected facilities at the source, including those for which an
application to construct, modify, or reconstruct has been submitted to the
cabinet;
4. D = allowable emission
rate (in lb/MMBTU heat input) determined pursuant to
401 KAR
61:015, Section 3(1);
5. E = total rated heat input (in MMBTU/hr)
of all affected facilities at the source commenced before the applicable
classification date; and
6. F =
alternate allowable emission rate in lbs per actual MMBTU heat
input.
(b) In determining
an alternative allowable emission rate for sulfur dioxide, the formula
established in paragraph (a) of this subsection shall utilize values for
allowable emissions rates for an affected facility stated in terms of total
rated heat input capacity based on the use of the same fuel category (solid,
liquid, or gaseous fuel), which shall be determined by utilizing the formulas
established in Section 5 of this administrative regulation.
(c) The total emissions in (lb/hr) from all
affected facilities at the source subject to this administrative regulation
divided by the total actual heat input (in MMBTU/hr) of the affected facilities
shall not exceed the alternate allowable emission rate as determined in
paragraph (a) of this subsection.
(d) A source operating an affected facility
that is not subject to a federal NSPS codified at 40 C.F.R. Part 60 only
because the affected facility commenced construction prior to the NSPS
classification date, shall not allow emissions of the affected facility to
exceed the allowable emission rate determined pursuant to Sections 4 and 5 of
this administrative regulation.
(e)
The source shall demonstrate compliance with this subsection by conducting a
performance test pursuant to
401 KAR 50:045
for each affected facility subject to this administrative regulation.
(f) The source shall demonstrate that
compliance with this subsection shall be maintained on a continuous
basis.
Section
4. Standard for Particulate Matter. Except as established in
Sections 3(3) and 7 of this administrative regulation, an affected facility
subject to this administrative regulation shall not cause emissions of
particulate matter in excess of:
(1)
(a) 0.56 lb/MMBTU actual heat input for
sources with total heat input capacity totaling ten (10) MMBTU/hr or less for
all affected facilities at the source;
(b) 0.10 lb/MMBTU actual heat input for
sources with total heat input capacity totaling 250 MMBTU/hr or more for all
affected facilities at the source; and
(c) 0.9634 multiplied by the quantity
obtained by raising the total heat input capacity (in MMBTU/hr) to the -0.2356
power for sources with heat input values totaling greater than ten (10)
MMBTU/hr and less than 250 MMBTU/hr for all affected facilities at the source;
and
(2) Twenty (20)
percent opacity, except:
(a) For a source with
heat input capacity totaling 250 MMBTU/hr or more for all affected facilities
at the source, a maximum of twenty-seven (27) percent opacity shall be allowed
for one (1) six (6) minute period in any sixty (60) consecutive
minutes;
(b) For a source with
total heat input capacity of less than 250 MMBTU/hr for all affected facilities
at the source, a maximum of forty (40) percent opacity shall be allowed for a
maximum of six (6) consecutive minutes in any sixty (60) consecutive minutes
during fire box cleaning or soot blowing; and
(c) For emissions from an affected facility
caused by building a new fire, emissions during the period required to bring
the boiler up to operating conditions shall be allowed, if the method used is
recommended by the manufacturer and the time does not exceed the manufacturer's
recommendations.
Section
5. Standard for Sulfur Dioxide.
(1) Except as established in Sections 3(3)
and 7 of this administrative regulation, an affected facility subject to this
administrative regulation shall not cause emissions of gases that contain
sulfur dioxide in excess of:
(a) For a source
with heat input capacity totaling ten (10) MMBTU/hr or less for all affected
facilities at the source:
1. Three and
zero-tenths (3.0) lb/MMBTU actual heat input for combustion of liquid and
gaseous fuels; and
2. Five and
zero-tenths (5.0) lb/MMBTU actual heat input for combustion of solid
fuels;
(b) For sources
with heat input capacity totaling 250 MMBTU/hr or more for all affected
facilities at the source:
1. Eight-tenths
(0.8) lb/MMBTU actual heat input for combustion of liquid and gaseous fuels;
and
2. One and two-tenths (1.2)
lb/MMBTU actual heat input for combustion of solid fuels; and
(c) For a source with total heat
input values greater than ten (10) MMBTU/hr and less than 250 MMBTU/hr for all
affected facilities at the source, the standard, in lb/MMBTU actual heat input,
shall be equal to:
1. For an affected facility
combusting liquid fuels, the lesser of:
a.
Three and zero-tenths (3.0) lb/MMBTU; or
b. The value of 7.7223 multiplied by the
quantity obtained by raising to the -0.4106 power the total heat input capacity
(in MMBTU/hr) of the affected facilities combusting liquid fuels;
2. For an affected facility
combusting gaseous fuels, the lesser of:
a.
Three and zero-tenths (3.0) lb/MMBTU; or
b. The value of 7.7223 multiplied by the
quantity obtained by raising to the -0.4106 power the total heat input capacity
(in MMBTU/hr) of the affected facilities combusting gaseous fuels;
and
3. For an affected
facility combusting solid fuels, the lesser of:
a. Five and zero-tenths (5.0) lb/MMBTU; or
b. The value of 13.8781 multiplied
by the quantity obtained by raising to the -0.4434 power the total heat input
capacity (in MMBTU/hr) of the affected facility combusting solid
fuels.
(2) For simultaneously combusting different
fuels in combination, the applicable standard shall be determined by prorating
BTUs pursuant to the following equation: Allowable sulfur dioxide emission in
lb/MMBTU =
Click here to
view imagein which:
(a) x = percent
total heat input derived from liquid fuel;
(b) y = percent total heat input derived from
gaseous fuel;
(c) z = percent total
heat input derived from solid fuel;
(d) a = allowable sulfur dioxide emission in
lb/MMBTU derived from liquid fuel;
(e) b = allowable sulfur dioxide emission in
lb/MMBTU derived from gaseous fuel; and
(f) c = allowable sulfur dioxide emission in
lb/MMBTU derived from solid fuel.
(3) Compliance shall be based on the total
heat input from all fuels combusted.
Section 6. Test Methods and Procedures.
(1) Except as established in
401 KAR 50:045,
the reference methods established in 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A, shall be
used to determine compliance with Sections 4 and 5 of this administrative
regulation as established in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this subsection.
(a) Reference Method 1 shall be used for the
selection of sampling site and sample traverses.
(b) Reference Method 3 shall be used for gas
analysis in applying Reference Methods 5 and 6.
(c) Reference Method 5 shall be used for
concentration of particulate matter and the associated moisture
content.
(d) Reference Method 6
shall be used for the concentration of sulfur dioxide. and
(e) Reference Method 9 shall be used for
visible emissions.
(2)
For Reference Method 5:
(a) Reference Method 1
shall be used to select the sampling site and the number of traverse sampling
points;
(b) The sampling time for
each run shall be at least sixty (60) minutes, and the minimum sampling volume
shall be 0.85 dscm (thirty (30) dscf), except smaller sampling times or
volumes, if necessitated by process variables or other factors, may be
requested by the source; and
(c)
The probe and filter holder heating systems in the sampling train shall be set
to provide a gas temperature not greater than 160 degrees Centigrade (320
degrees Fahrenheit).
(3)
For Reference Method 6:
(a) The sampling site
shall be the same as the site selected for Reference Method 5;
(b) The sampling point in the duct shall be
at the centroid of the cross section or at a point no closer to the walls than
one (1) meter (3.28 ft);
(c) The
sample shall be extracted at a rate proportional to the gas velocity at the
sampling point;
(d) The minimum
sampling time shall be twenty (20) minutes, and the minimum sampling volume
shall be 0.02 dscm (0.71 dscf) for each sample;
(e) The arithmetic mean of two (2) samples
shall constitute one (1) run; and
(f) Samples shall be taken at approximately
thirty (30) minute intervals.
(4) For each run using the methods
established by subsection (1) of this section, the emissions expressed in
g/MMcal (lb/MMBTU) shall be determined by the following procedure:
Click here
to view image, in which:
(a) E = pollutant emission, g/MMcal
(lb/MMBTU);
(b) C = pollutant
concentration, g/dscm (lb/dscf), as determined by Reference Methods 5 or
6;
(c) Percent oxygen:
1. Shall equal oxygen content by volume
(expressed as a percent), dry basis; and
2. Shall be determined using the integrated
or grab sampling and analysis procedures of Reference Method 3.
a. For determination of sulfur dioxide
emissions, the oxygen sample shall be obtained simultaneously at the same point
in the duct as used to obtain the samples for Reference Method 6.
determinations
b. For determination
of particulate emissions, the oxygen sample shall be obtained simultaneously by
traversing the duct at the same sampling location used for each run of
Reference Method 5 pursuant to subsection (2) of this section, using Reference
Method 1 for selection of the number of traverse points, except that not more
than twelve (12) points shall be required; and
(d) F = a factor as determined in
40 C.F.R.
60.45(f).
(5) If an affected facility fires a
combination of fuels, the heat input, expressed in cal/hr (BTU/hr), shall be
determined during each testing period by multiplying the GCV of each fuel fired
by the rate of each fuel combusted, in which:
(a) GCV shall be determined in accordance
with the applicable ASTM methods D2015-66(72) (solid fuels), D240-76 (liquid
fuels), or D1826-64(75) (gaseous fuels), incorporated by reference in
401 KAR
50:015; and
(b) The rate of fuels combusted during each
testing period shall be determined by the applicable method and shall be
confirmed by a material balance over the steam generation
system.
Section
7. Standards During a Startup Period or a Shutdown Period. During
a startup period or a shutdown period, an owner or operator shall comply with
the work practice standards established in this section.
(1)
(a) The
owner or operator shall comply with
401 KAR
50:055, Section 2(5);
(b) The frequency and duration of startup
periods or shutdown periods shall be minimized by the affected
facility;
(c) All reasonable steps
shall be taken by the owner or operator to minimize the impact of emissions on
ambient air quality from the affected facility during startup periods and
shutdown periods;
(d) The actions,
including duration of the startup period, of the owner or operator of each
affected facility during startup periods and shutdown periods, shall be
documented by signed, contemporaneous logs or other relevant evidence;
and
(e) Startups and shutdowns
shall be conducted according to either:
1.
The manufacturer's recommended procedures; or
2. Recommended procedures for a unit of
similar design, for which manufacturer's recommended procedures are available,
as approved by the cabinet based on documentation provided by the owner or
operator of the affected facility; or
(2)
(a) An
affected facility subject to
40
C.F.R. 63.7500 shall meet the work practice
standards established in 40 C.F.R. Part 63 , Table 3 to Subpart DDDDD, as
established in
401
KAR 63:002, Section 2(4)(iiii);
(b) An affected facility subject to
40
C.F.R. 63.9991 shall meet the work practice
standards established in 40 C.F.R. Part 63, Table 3 to Subpart UUUUU, as
established in
401
KAR 63:002, Section 2(4)(yyyy); or
(c) An affected facility subject to
40 C.F.R.
63.11201 shall meet the work practice
standards established in 40 C.F.R. Part 63 , Table 2 to Subpart JJJJJJ, as
established in
401
KAR 63:002, Section
2(4)(jjjjj).
STATUTORY AUTHORITY:
KRS
224.10-100(5)