Current through Register Vol. 43, No. 39, September 26, 2024
(a) The owner or
operator of a stationary source which is authorized to operate pursuant to a
class I operating permit shall assure that the stationary source operates in
compliance with the terms and conditions of the class I operating permit, which
shall include, but are not limited to:
(1)
emission limitations and standards, including those operational requirements
and limitations that assure compliance with all applicable requirements at the
time of permit issuance;
(2) all
applicable requirements for all relevant emissions units for a major source;
(3) all applicable requirements
applicable to emissions units that cause a non-major source to require a class
I operating permit;
(4) a
description of fugitive emissions in the same manner as stack emissions,
regardless of whether the source is a federally designated fugitive emissions
source;
(5) specification and
reference to the origin of and authority for each term or condition,
identifying any difference in form as compared to the applicable requirement
upon which the term or condition is based;
(6) where an applicable requirement of any
other title of the federal clean air act is more stringent than an applicable
requirement of regulations promulgated under title IV, acid deposition control,
of the federal clean air act, both provisions;
(7) where a permit contains an emission
limitation which is authorized by the state implementation plan and is an
alternative to an emission limitation contained in the state implementation
plan, provisions to ensure that any resulting emissions limitation has been
demonstrated to be quantifiable, enforceable, and based on replicable
procedures;
(8) specification of a
fixed term of the class I operating permit determined pursuant to K.A.R.
28-19-514;
(9) emissions
monitoring and related recordkeeping and reporting requirements, including;
(A) all emissions monitoring and analysis
procedures or test methods required under the applicable requirements,
including any procedures and methods adopted to comply with the requirements of
section 504(b), permit requirements and conditions, or section 114(a)(3),
enhanced monitoring and compliance certifications, of the federal clean air
act;
(B) periodic monitoring
sufficient to yield reliable data from the relevant time period that are
representative of the source's compliance with the permit, as reported pursuant
to paragraph (a)(8) of this regulation where the applicable requirement does
not require periodic testing or instrumental or non-instrumental monitoring,
which may consist of recordkeeping designed to serve as monitoring. The
monitoring requirements shall assure use of terms, test methods, units,
averaging periods, and other statistical conventions consistent with the
applicable requirement; and
(C) as
necessary, requirements concerning the use, maintenance, and, where
appropriate, installation of monitoring equipment or methods;
(10) applicable recordkeeping
requirements and required monitoring information, including:
(A) the date, place as defined in the permit,
and time of sampling or measurements of required monitoring information;
(B) the date or dates analyses
were performed;
(C) the company or
entity that performed the analyses;
(D) the analytical techniques or methods
used;
(E) the results of such
analyses;
(F) the operating
conditions as existing at the time of sampling or measurement; and
(G) the retention of records of all required
monitoring data and support information for a period of at least 5 years from
the date of the monitoring sample, measurement, report, or application. Support
information shall include all calibration and maintenance records and all
original strip-chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, and
copies of all reports required by the permit;
(11) applicable reporting requirements,
including:
(A) submittal of reports of any
required monitoring at least every 6 months. All instances of deviations from
permit requirements shall be clearly identified in such reports. All required
reports shall be certified by a responsible official consistent with K.A.R.
28-19-511(e); and
(B) as specified
in the permit, prompt reporting of deviations from permit requirements,
including those attributable to upset conditions as defined in the permit, the
probable cause of such deviations, and any corrective actions or preventive
measures taken;
(12)
conditions prohibiting emissions exceeding any allowances that the emissions
unit or stationary source lawfully holds under title IV, acid deposition
control, of the federal clean air act or the regulations promulgated
thereunder.
(A) A permit revision shall not
be required for increases in emissions that are authorized by allowances
acquired pursuant to title IV, acid deposition control, of the federal clean
air act, provided that such increases do not require a permit revision under
any other applicable requirement.
(B) A limit shall not be placed on the number
of allowances held by the emissions unit or stationary source. The emissions
unit or stationary source shall not, however, use allowances as a defense to
noncompliance with any other applicable requirement.
(C) Any allowance shall be accounted for
according to the procedures established in regulations promulgated under title
IV, acid deposition control, of the federal clean air act;
(13) a severability clause to
ensure the continued validity of the various permit requirements in the event
of a challenge to any portion of the permit;
(14) provisions stating that:
(A) the permittee must comply with all
conditions of the permit. Any permit noncompliance shall constitute a violation
of the Kansas air quality act and shall be grounds for enforcement action, for
permit revocation or amendment, or for denial of a permit renewal application;
(B) it shall not be a defense for
a permittee in an enforcement action that it would have been necessary to halt
or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the
conditions of the permit;
(C) the
permit may be modified, revoked, reopened and reissued, or terminated for
cause. An action for a permit modification or amendment, or of a notification
of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance shall not stay any permit
condition;
(D) the permit shall
not convey any property rights of any sort, or any exclusive privilege; and
(E) the permittee shall furnish to
the department, within a reasonable time, any information that the department
may request in writing to determine whether cause exists for amending or
revoking the permit or to determine compliance with the permit. Upon request,
the permittee shall also furnish to the department copies of records required
to be kept by the permit;
(15) a provision to ensure that the owner or
operator of a permitted emissions unit or stationary source pays fees to the
permitting authority consistent with the fee schedule set out in these
regulations;
(16) a provision
stating that no permit revision shall be required under any approved economic
incentives, pollution prevention incentives, marketable permits, emissions
trading and other similar programs or processes for changes that are provided
for in the permit;
(17) terms and
conditions for reasonably anticipated operating scenarios identified by the
owner or operator of the emissions unit or stationary source in its application
as approved by the department. The terms and conditions:
(A) shall require the source,
contemporaneously with making a change from one operating scenario to another,
to record in a log at the permitted facility a record of the scenario under
which it is operating;
(B) may
extend the permit shield described in paragraph (b) of this regulation to all
terms and conditions under each such operating scenario; and
(C) shall ensure that the terms and
conditions of each such alternative scenario meet all applicable requirements
and the requirements of this part;
(18) terms and conditions, if the permit
applicant requests them, for the trading of emissions increases and decreases
in the permitted facility, to the extent that the applicable requirements
provide for such trading without a case-by-case approval of each emissions
trade. The source shall provide the department and the USEPA with written
notice at least seven days in advance of any proposed change within the source
stating when the change will occur, the changes in emissions that will result,
and how the emissions decreases or increases will comply with the terms and
conditions of the permit. The terms and conditions:
(A) shall include all terms required under
subsection (a) of this regulation to determine compliance;
(B) may extend the permit shield described in
paragraph (b) of this regulation to all terms and conditions that allow such
increases and decreases in emissions; and
(C) shall meet all applicable requirements
and requirements of the Kansas air quality regulations;
(19) provisions that designate as not being
federally enforceable under the federal clean air act any terms and conditions
included in the permit that are not required under the federal clean air act or
under any of its applicable requirements;
(20) a statement of all federally enforceable
permit restrictions;
(21)
consistent with other relevant subsections of this regulation, certification,
testing, monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements sufficient to
assure compliance with the terms and conditions of the permit. Any document,
including reports, required by the permit shall contain a certification by a
responsible official that meets the requirements of K.A.R. 28-19-511(e);
(22) inspection and entry
requirements that require that, upon presentation of credentials and other
documents as may be required by law, the permittee shall allow the department
or an authorized representative to:
(A) enter
upon the permittee's premises where the emissions unit or stationary source is
located or emissions-related activity is conducted, or where records shall be
kept under the conditions of the permit;
(B) have access to and copy, at reasonable
times, any records that shall be kept under the conditions of the permit;
(C) inspect at reasonable times
any facilities, equipment including monitoring and air pollution control
equipment, practices, or operations regulated or required under the permit; and
(D) as authorized by the Kansas
air quality act, sample or monitor at reasonable times substances or parameters
for the purpose of assuring compliance with the permit or applicable
requirements;
(23) a
schedule of compliance consistent with the requirements of K.A.R.
28-19-511(b)(16)(C);
(24) progress
reports consistent with any applicable schedule of compliance established
pursuant to K.A.R. 28-19-511(b)(16)(D) to be submitted at least semiannually,
or at a more frequent period if specified in the applicable requirement or by
the permitting authority. The progress reports shall contain the following:
(A) dates for achieving the activities,
milestones, or compliance required in the schedule of compliance, and dates
when such activities, milestones or compliance were achieved; and
(B) an explanation of why any dates in the
schedule of compliance were not or will not be met, and any preventive or
corrective measures adopted;
(25) requirements for compliance
certification with the terms and conditions contained in the permit, including:
(A) emission limitations, standards or work
practices, and risk management plan implementation; and
(B) a means of monitoring the compliance of
the emissions unit or stationary source with its emissions limitations,
standards, and work practices in accordance with the relevant provisions of
this regulation;
(26)
requirements to submit compliance certifications annually or more frequently as
specified in the applicable requirement or by the department, which shall
include the following:
(A) the identification
of each term or condition of the permit that is the basis of the certification;
(B) the compliance status;
(C) whether compliance was
continuous or intermittent;
(D)
the method or methods used for determining the compliance status of the
emissions unit or stationary source, currently and over the reporting period,
consistent with relevant provisions of this regulation; and
(E) other facts as the department may require
to determine the compliance status of the source;
(27) a requirement that all compliance
certifications be submitted to the USEPA as well as to the department;
(28) a requirement for additional
monitoring as may be required by the federal clean air act; and
(29) other provisions as the department deems
necessary to accomplish the purposes of the Kansas air quality act.
(b) Permit shield.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in the air
quality regulations, the department may expressly include in a class I
operating permit a permit shield stating that compliance with the conditions of
the permit shall be deemed compliance with any applicable requirements as of
the date of permit issuance, provided that:
(A) the applicable requirements are included
and are specifically identified in the permit; or
(B) the department, in acting on the permit
application or revision, determines in writing that other requirements
specifically identified are not applicable to the emissions unit or stationary
source, and the permit includes the determination or a concise summary thereof.
(2) A permit that does
not expressly state that a permit shield exists shall be presumed not to
provide a shield.
(3) Nothing in
this regulation or in any permit shall alter or affect the following:
(A) the provisions of section 303, emergency
orders, of the federal clean air act, including the authority of the
administrator of the USEPA under that section or the air pollution emergency
provisions of the Kansas air quality regulations, K.A.R. 28-19-55 through
28-19-58;
(B) the liability of an
owner or operator of an emissions unit or stationary source for any violation
of applicable requirements prior to or at the time of permit issuance;
(C) the applicable requirements of
title IV, acid deposition control, of the federal clean air act, consistent
with section 408(a) of the federal clean air act; or
(D) the ability of the USEPA to obtain
information from a source pursuant to section 114, inspections, monitoring and
entry, of the federal clean air act.
(d)
Emergencies.
(1) An "emergency" means any
situation arising from sudden and reasonably unforeseeable events beyond the
control of the source, including acts of God, which situation requires
immediate corrective action to restore normal operation, and that causes the
source to exceed a technology-based emission limitation under the permit, due
to unavoidable increases in emissions attributable to the emergency. An
emergency shall not include noncompliance to the extent caused by improperly
designed equipment, lack of preventative maintenance, careless or improper
operation, or operator error.
(2)
An emergency shall constitute an affirmative defense to an action brought for
noncompliance with such technology-based emission limitations if the conditions
of paragraph (d)(3) of this regulation are met.
(3) The affirmative defense of emergency
shall be demonstrated through properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs,
or other relevant evidence that:
(A) an
emergency occurred and that the permittee can identify the cause or causes of
the emergency;
(B) the permitted
facility was at the time being properly operated;
(C) during the period of the emergency the
permittee took all reasonable steps to minimize levels of emissions that
exceeded the emission standards or other requirements in the permit; and
(D) the permittee submitted notice
of the emergency to the department within two working days of the time when
emission limitations were exceeded due to the emergency. This notice shall
fulfill the requirement of paragraph (a)(11)(B) of this regulation. This notice
must contain a description of the emergency, any steps taken to mitigate
emissions, and corrective actions taken.
(4) In any enforcement proceeding, the
permittee seeking to establish the occurrence of an emergency shall have the
burden of proof.
(5) This
provision shall be in addition to any emergency or upset provision contained in
any applicable requirement. Whenever the provisions of this regulation
regarding emergencies conflict with the provisions of K.A.R. 28-19-11, the
provisions of this regulation shall control.