Current through Register Vol. 43, No. 39, September 26, 2024
(a) Whenever
required to be determined by the Kansas air quality regulations, the quantity
of actual emissions from any emissions unit or stationary source shall be
calculated by the owner or operator of an emissions unit or stationary source
using:
(1) Data generated from continuous
monitoring systems as specified in subsection (c) of this regulation;
(2) approved emission factors as
specified in subsection (d) of this regulation;
(3) material balances as specified in
subsection (e) of this regulation;
(4) any other method specifically approved by
the department in writing, specified in a permit issued to the owner or
operator by the department for the particular emission unit or stationary
source using such method, or specified in the Kansas air quality regulations
for the particular emissions unit or stationary source;
(5) the potential to emit if the emission
unit or stationary source fails to qualify for any other method; or
(6) any combination of the above which most
accurately demonstrates actual emissions from each emissions unit.
(c) Data generated by continuous monitoring
systems may be used to calculate actual emissions for any emissions unit if the
requirements of this subsection are met.
(1)
For sources subject to 40 CFR part 75, actual emissions shall be calculated as
required by 40 CFR part 75.
(2)
For sources not subject to 40 CFR part 75, the owner or operator shall:
(A) Obtain approval from the department prior
to using data generated by a continuous monitoring system for the purpose of
calculating actual emissions;
(B)
develop and follow a written quality assurance procedure for the continuous
monitoring system which is appropriate for purposes of this regulation as
determined by the department; and
(C) submit the data to the department in a
format approved by the department.
(3) For sources not subject to 40 CFR part
75, actual emissions during periods of missing data shall be calculated as
follows.
(A) For periods of missing data of
one hour or less, data for the hour immediately preceding the missing data and
data for the hour immediately following the missing data shall be averaged and
submitted to the department as actual emissions for the missing data. For
purposes of this subsection, periods of operation of less than one hour between
periods of missing data shall be included as part of the period of missing
data.
(B) For periods of missing
data of more than one hour but equal to or less than 24 consecutive hours,
actual emissions reported to the department shall be the greater of:
(i) the data determined by the method
specified in subsection (c)(3)(A) of this regulation; or
(ii) the average of the actual emission data
for the applicable reporting time period during which the continuous monitoring
system was properly operating.
(C) For periods of missing data of more than
24 consecutive hours, actual emissions shall be determined using other
appropriate calculation methods specified by this regulation.
(D) For periods during upsets, start-up,
shut-down, control equipment malfunctions, and other abnormal operating
conditions, actual emissions shall be determined using other appropriate
calculation methods specified in this regulation.
(d) Actual emissions determined
using emission factors shall be calculated using the following formula:
Actual emissions= OR * EF * (1-(CE * CDE))*
Where:
OR = the operating rate as documented through records kept at
the emissions unit or stationary source. If insufficient records are kept to
determine the actual operating rate of the emissions unit or stationary source
during the reporting period, the operating rate shall be determined using the
maximum operating capacity during the known hours of operation. If the known
hours of operation cannot be determined, the hours of operation shall be the
maximum number of hours the facility is permitted to operate during the
reporting period.
EF = an appropriate emission factor obtained from an approved
publication listed in subsection (g) unless the permittee demonstrates to the
satisfaction of the department that an alternative emission factor is
applicable to the relevant emissions unit or stationary source.
CE = capture efficiency of the control device emissions
collection system determined according to subsection (f) of this regulation or
through performance testing.
CDE = control device efficiency determined according to
subsection (f) of this regulation or through performance testing.
* = This formula assumes a single overall control efficiency
has been developed for situations where emissions are controlled by a series of
air emissions control devices. If a single overall control efficiency has not
been developed, actual emissions shall be calculated as follows: Actual
emissions = OR * EF * (1-(CE * CDE))D1 * (1-(CE * CDE))D2 * . . . (1-(CE *
CDE))Dn where D is an emissions control device (or devices) for which an
overall control efficiency is available.
Prior approval by the department shall be obtained before the
development of an alternative emission factor or control device efficiency
based upon performance testing of an emissions unit or stationary source.
(e) Actual emissions
determined using material balances shall be calculated using one of the
following formulas:
(1) For volatile organic
compound emissions;
Actual emissions = (Qadded -Qrecovered) * (1 -(CE * CDE))*
(2) for sulfur dioxide
emissions;
Actual emissions = (Fburned * (%S/100) * CF) * (1 -(CE * CDE))*
(3) for all other emissions
for which a material balance procedure is appropriate;
Actual emissions = (Qadded -Qconsumed -Qrecovered) *
(1 -(CE * CDE))*
Where:
Qadded = the total quantity of the regulated substance which
enters the process or operation;
Qrecovered = the total quantity of the regulated substance
recovered for reuse which is not accounted for by the emission control device
calcuations;
Qconsumed = the total quantity of the regulated substance which
becomes an integral part of the product;
Fburned = the quantity of sulfur containing fuel by weight;
%S = percent sulfur, by weight, in the sulfur containing fuel;
CE = capture efficiency of the control device emissions
collection system determined according to subsection (f) of this regulation or
through performance testing;
CDE = control device efficiency determined according to
subsection (f) of this regulation or through performance testing; and
CF = a conversion factor of 1.95 for coal and 2.00 for natural
gas, oil and other fuels.
* = See footnote * at subsection (d) of this regulation.
(f) Calculation
of credits for actual emissions reductions due to air emission control
equipment capture efficiencies and control device efficiencies may be taken in
accordance with this subsection.
(1) All
emissions during startup, shut down, control equipment malfunctions or
by-passes, or other periods of greater than normal emissions, shall be
calculated as if the emissions unit or stationary source was being operated
without air emission control equipment unless a more accurate manner of
calculating actual emissions is demonstrated by the owner or operator and
approved by the department.
(2)
Unless otherwise specifically approved in writing by the department or stated
in an air quality permit issued by the department for the emissions unit or
stationary source, the following air emission control equipment control device
efficiencies shall be used when calculating actual emissions:
(A) Particulate matter, in the absence of
information to the contrary, all particulate matter emissions from any control
equipment shall be assumed to be PM10.
(i)
electrostatic precipitator or baghouse 0.90
(ii) high energy wet scrubber 0.80
(iii) low energy wet scrubber 0.70
(iv) cyclonic separator 0.50
(B) Acid gases:
(i) wet scrubber 0.90
(ii) dry scrubber 0.70
(C) Volatile organic compounds:
(i) incinerator (operating at a temperature
1400° Fahrenheit or greater) 0.98
(ii) carbon absorber 0.95.
(3) Unless otherwise
specifically approved in writing by the department or stated in an air quality
permit issued by the department for the emissions unit or stationary source,
the following air emission control equipment control device capture
efficiencies shall be used when calculating actual emissions:
(A) The capture efficiency for a totally
enclosed emissions source operating under negative pressure shall be 1.00.
(B) The capture efficiency for an
emissions source which is not totally enclosed or which is not operated under
negative pressure shall be 0.50.
(4) Capture efficiencies and control device
efficiencies for other types of air emission control equipment not listed in
paragraphs (f)(2) and (f)(3) shall be determined by the department on a case by
case basis based upon an appropriate demonstration by the owner or operator of
the capture efficiency and control device efficiency of the air emission
control equipment.
(5) Capture
efficiencies and control device efficiencies alternative to those specified in
paragraphs (f)(2) and (f)(3) may be approved by the department upon an
appropriate demonstration by the owner or operator of capture efficiency and
control device efficiency of the air emission control equipment.
(6) Each owner or operator which uses an air
emission control equipment capture efficiency or control device efficiency, or
both, when calculating actual emissions shall maintain the air emission control
equipment in accordance with any applicable Kansas air quality regulation,
permit requirement or manufacturer's recommendation. Beginning January 1, 1994,
the owner or operator shall also keep a written log recording the date and type
of action taken when performing preventive or other maintenance on the air
emission control equipment. Failure of the owner or operator to maintain the
air emission control equipment or to keep a written record as required by this
subsection shall be considered a control equipment malfunction for purposes of
subsection (f)(1).
(g)
Appropriate emission factors obtained from the following publications or data
bases are approved for determining emissions from emission units or stationary
sources:
(1) AP-42 compilation of air
pollution emission factors 4th edition September, 1985. United states
environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and standards,
research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(2) AIRS facility subsystem source
classification codes (SCCs) and emission factor listing for criteria pollutants
(EPA-450/4-90-003). United states environmental protection agency, office of
air quality planning and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina
27711.
(3) Locating and estimating
air emissions from sources of acrylonitrile. EPA #450/4-84-007A, March, 1984.
United states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning
and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(4) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of carbon tetrachloride. EPA #450/4-84-007B, March, 1984. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(5) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of chloroform. EPA #450/4-84-007C, March, 1984. United states
environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and standards,
research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(6) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of ethylene dichloride. EPA #450/4-84-007D, March, 1984. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(7) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of nickel. EPA #450/4-84-007F, March, 1984. United states
environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and standards,
research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(8) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of chromium. EPA #450/4-84-007G, March, 1984. United states
environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and standards,
research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(9) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of epichlorohydrin. EPA #450/4-84-007J, September, 1985. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(10) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of vinylidene chloride. EPA #450/4-84-007K, September, 1985.
United states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning
and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(11) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of manganese. EPA #450/4-84-007H, September, 1985. United states
environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and standards,
research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(12) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of phosgene. EPA #450/4-84-007I, September, 1985. United states
environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and standards,
research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(13) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of ethylene oxide. EPA #450/4-84-007L, September, 1986. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(14) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of chlorobenzenes. EPA #450/4-84-007M, September, 1986. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(15) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's). EPA #450/4-84-007N, May,
1987. United states environmental protection agency, office of air quality
planning and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(16) Locating and estimating air
emissions from sources of polycyclic organic matter (POM). EPA #450/4-84-007P,
September, 1987. United states environmental protection agency, office of air
quality planning and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(17) Locating and estimating air
emissions from sources of benzene. EPA #450/4-84-007Q, March, 1988. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(18) Estimating air toxics emissions from
organic liquid storage tanks. EPA #450/4-88-004, October, 1988. United states
environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and standards,
research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(19) Locating and estimating air toxics
emissions from municipal waste combustors. EPA #450/2-89-006, April, 1989.
United states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning
and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(20) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of chromium (supplement). EPA #450/2-89-002, August, 1989. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(21) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene. EPA #450/2-89-013,
August, 1989. United states environmental protection agency, office of air
quality planning and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(22) Locating and estimating air
emissions from sources of 1, 3-butadiene. EPA #450/2-89-021, December, 1989.
United states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning
and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(23) Locating and estimating air toxics
emissions from sewage sludge incinerators. EPA #450/2-90-009, May, 1990. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(24) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of formaldehyde (revised). EPA #450/4-91-012, March, 1991. United
states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning and
standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
(25) Locating and estimating air emissions
from sources of styrene, interim report. EPA #450/4-91-029, October, 1991.
United states environmental protection agency, office of air quality planning
and standards, research triangle park, North Carolina 27711.
