Indiana Administrative Code
Title 327 - WATER POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION
Article 8 - PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY
Rule 2 - Drinking Water Standards
Section 2-10.1 - Analytical methods for radioactivity
Universal Citation: 327 IN Admin Code 2-10.1
Current through September 18, 2024
Authority: IC 13-13-5; IC 13-14-8-7; IC 13-14-9; IC 13-18-3; IC 13-18-16
Affected: IC 13-18
Sec. 10.1.
(a) The following methods or with the alternative methods listed in Appendix A to Subpart C of 40 CFR 141, or their equivalent determined by the U.S. EPA in accordance with 40 CFR 141.27, shall be used to determine compliance with sections 9 through 10 of this rule, except in cases where alternative methods have been approved in accordance with section 32 of this rule:
(1) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for gross alpha and beta1:
(A) Method 900.0*.
(B) Page 1 of "Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(C) Method 00-01*.
(D) Page 1 of "Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples*".
(E) Method 302*.
(F) Method 7110 B*.
(G) Method R-1120-76*.
(2) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for gross alpha1:
(A) Method 00-02*.
(B) Method 7110 C*.
(3) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for radium 226:
(A) Method
903.1*.
(B) Method
903.0*.
(C) Page 16 of "Interim
Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(D) Page 13 of "Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(E) Method Ra-04*.
(F) Method Ra-03*.
(G) Page 19 of "Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples*".
(H) Method 7500-Ra C*.
(I) Method 304*.
(J) Method 305*.
(K) Method 7500-Ra B*.
(L) Method D 3454-97*.
(M) Method D 2460-97*.
(N) Method R-1141-76*.
(O) Method R-1140-76*.
(P) Method Ra-04*.
(Q) New York Method*.
(4) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for radium 228:
(A) Method
904.0*.
(B) Page 24 of "Interim
Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(C) Method Ra-05*.
(D) Page 19 of "Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples*".
(E) Method 7500-Ra D*.
(F) Method R-1142-76*.
(G) New York Method*.
(H) New Jersey Method*.
(5) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for uranium2:
(A) Method 908.0*.
(B) Method 908.1*.
(C) Method 00-07*.
(D) Page 33 of "Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples*".
(E) Method 7500-U B*.
(F) Method 7500-U C*.
(G) Method D 2907-97*.
(H) Method D 3972-97*.
(I) Method D 5174-97*.
(J) Method R-1180-76*.
(K) Method R-1181-76*.
(L) Method R-1182-76*.
(M) Method U-04*.
(N) Method U-02*.
(O) Method 200.8*.
(P) Method D 5673-03*.
(Q) Method 3125*.
(6) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for radioactive cesium:
(A)
Method 901.0*.
(B) Method
901.1*.
(C) Page 92 of
"Radiochemical Analytical Procedures for Analysis of Environmental
Samples*".
(D) Method 7500-Cs
B*.
(E) Method 7120*.
(F) Method D 2459-72*.
(G) Method D 3649-91*.
(H) Method R-1111-76*.
(I) Method R-1110-76*.
(J) Method 4.5.2.3*.
(K) Page 4 of "Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(7) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for radioactive iodine:
(A)
Method 902.0*.
(B) Method
901.1*.
(C) Page 6 of "Interim
Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(D) Page 9 of "Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(E) Page 92 of "Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples*".
(F) Method 7500-I B*.
(G) Method 7500-I C*.
(H) Method 7500-I D*.
(I) Method 7120*.
(J) Method 4.5.2.3*.
(K) Method D 3649-91*.
(8) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for radioactive strontium 89 and 90:
(A) Method 905.0*.
(B) Page 29 of "Interim Radiochemical
Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(C) Method Sr-04*.
(D) Page 65 of "Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples*".
(E) Method 303*.
(F) Method 7500-Sr B*.
(G) Method R-1160-76*.
(H) Method Sr-01*.
(I) Method Sr-02*.
(9) One (1) of the following methods shall be
used to test for tritium:
(A) Method
906.0*.
(B) Page 34 of "Interim
Radiochemical Methodology for Drinking Water*".
(C) Method H-02*.
(D) Page 87 of "Radiochemical Analytical
Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples*".
(E) Method 306*.
(F) Method 7500-3H B*.
(G) Method D 4107-91*.
(H) Method R-1171-76*.
(10) One (1) of the following methods shall
be used to test for gamma emitters:
(A)
Method 901.1*.
(B) Method
902.0*.
(C) Method
901.0*.
(D) Page 92 of
"Radiochemical Analytical Procedures for Analysis of Environmental
Samples*".
(E) Method
7120*.
(F) Method 7500-Cs
B*.
(G) Method 7500-I B*.
(H) Method D 3649-91*.
(I) Method D 4785-93*.
(J) Method R-1110-76*.
(K) Method Ga-01-R*.
1 Natural uranium and thorium-230 are
approved as gross alpha calibration standards for gross alpha with
coprecipitation and evaporation methods; americum-241 is approved with
coprecipitation methods.
2 If
uranium (U) is determined by mass, a 0.67 pCi/µg of uranium conversion
factor must be used. This conversion factor is based on the 1:1 activity ratio
of U-235 and U-238 that is characteristic of naturally occurring
uranium.
(b) When the identification and measurement of radionuclides other than those listed in subsection (a) is required, the following references are to be used, except in cases where alternative methods have been approved in accordance with section 32 of this rule:
(1) Procedures for Radiochemical Analysis of
Nuclear Reactor Aqueous Solutions, H.L. Krieger and S. Gold, EPA-R 4-73-014,
U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio, May 1973.
(2) HASL Procedure Manual, edited by John H.
Harley. HASL 300, ERDA Health and Safety Laboratory, New York, New York
1973.
(c) For the purpose of monitoring radioactivity concentrations in drinking water, the required sensitivity of the radioanalysis is defined in terms of a detection limit. The detection limit shall be that concentration that can be counted with a precision of plus or minus one hundred percent (100%) at the ninety-five percent (95%) confidence level (one and ninety-six hundredths (1.96) [SIGMA] where [SIGMA] is the standard deviation of the net counting rate of the sample). Compliance requirements are as follows:
(1) To determine compliance with section 9(1)
of this rule, the detection limit shall not exceed one (1) picocuri per
liter.
(2) To determine compliance
with section 9(2) of this rule, the detection limit shall not exceed three (3)
picocuri per liter.
(3) To
determine compliance with section 9(3) of this rule, the detection limit shall
not exceed one (1) microgram per liter.
(4) To determine compliance with section 10
of this rule, the detection limits shall not exceed the concentrations listed
in the following table:
| Detection limits for manmade beta particle and photon emitters: | |
| Radionuclide | Detection limit |
| Tritium | 1,000 pCi/l |
| Strontium-89 | 10 pCi/l |
| Strontium-90 | 2 pCi/l |
| Iodine-131 | 1 pCi/l |
| Cesium-134 | 10 pCi/l |
| Gross beta | 4 pCi/l |
| Other radionuclides | 1/10 of the applicable limit |
(d) To determine compliance with the MCL listed in sections 9 through 10 of this rule, averages of data shall be used and shall be rounded to the same number of significant figures as the MCL for the contaminant in question.
*The methods referenced in this section may be obtained as follows:
(1) Methods 900.0, 903.1,
903.0, 904.0, 908.0, 908.1, 901.0, 901.1, 902.0, 905.0, and 906.0 may be found
in "Prescribed Procedures for Measurement of Radioactivity in Drinking Water",
EPA 600/ 4-80-032, August 1980, PB 80-224744. Available from U.S. Department of
Commerce, National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, Virginia 22161, 800-553-6847.
(2) "Interim Radiochemical Methodology for
Drinking Water", EPA 600/ 4-75-008 (revised), March 1976, PB 253258. Available
from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service
(NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161,
800-553-6847.
(3) Methods 00-01,
00-02, Ra-04, Ra-03, Ra-05, 00-07, Sr-04, and H-02 may be found in
"Radiochemistry Procedures Manual", EPA 520/ 5-84-006, December 1987, PB
84-215581. Available from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical
Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161,
800-553-6847.
(4) "Radiochemical
Analytical Procedures for Analysis of Environmental Samples", March 1979, EMSL
LV 053917. Available from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical
Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161,
800-553-6847.
(5) Methods 302, 303,
304, 305, 306, 3125, 7110 B, 7110 C, 7120, 7500-Ra C, 7500-Ra B, 7500-Ra D,
7500-U B, 7500-Cs B, 7500-I B, 7500-I C, 7500-I D, 7500-Sr B, 7500-U C, and
7500-3H B may be found in "Standard Methods for the Analysis of Water and
Wastewater", 13th, 17th, 18th, 19th, or 20th Editions, 1971, 1989, 1992, 1995,
and 1998. Available from American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth
Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005. Methods 302, 303, 304, 305, and 306 are only
in the 13th Edition. Methods 7110B, 7500-Ra B, 7500-Ra C, 7500-Ra D, 7500-U B,
7500-Cs B, 7500-I B, 7500-I C, 7500-I D, 7500-Sr B, and 7500-3H C are in the
17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th Editions. Method 7110 C is in the 18th, 19th, and
20th Editions. Method 7500-U C (Fluorometric Uranium) is only in the 17th
Edition, and Method 7500-U C (Alpha Spectrometry) is only in the 18th, 19th,
and 20th Editions. Method 7120 is only in the 19th and 20th Editions. Method
3125 is only in the 20th Edition.
(6) Methods D 2459-72, D 3649-91, and D
4107-91 may be found in Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02, 1994.
Available from American Society of Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor
Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428. Any Annual Book containing the
cited version of the method may be used.
(7) Methods D 3454-97, D 2460-97, D 2907-97,
D 3972-97, and D 5174-97 may be found in Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol.
11.01 and 11.02, 1999. Available from American Society of Testing and
Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428. Any
Annual Book containing the cites version of the method may be used.
(8) Method D 5673-03 may be found in Annual
Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 11.02, May 2004. Available from American Society
of Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania 19428. Any Annual Book containing the cited version of the method
may be used.
(9) Methods R-1120-76,
R-1141-76, R-1140-76, R-1142-76, R-1180-76, R-1181-76, R-1182-76, R-1111-76,
R-1110-76, R-1160-76, and R-1171-76 may be found in "Methods for Determination
of Radioactive Substances in Water and Fluvial Sediments", Chapter A5 in Book 5
of Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the United States Geological
Survey, 1977. Available from U.S. Geologic Survey (USGS) Information Services,
Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225-0425.
(10) Methods U-04, U-2, Ra-04, Ra-05,
4.5.2.3, Sr-01, Sr-02, and Ga-01-R may be found in "EML Procedures Manual",
27th Edition, Volume 1, 1990 or 28th Edition, Volumes 1 and 2, 1997. Either
edition may be used. In the 27th Edition, Method Ra-04 is listed as Ra-05 and
Method Ga-01-R is listed as Sect. 4.5.2.3. Available from Environmental
Measurements Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), 376 Hudson Street,
New York, New York 10014-3621.
(11)
New York Methods may be found in "Determination of Ra-226 and Ra-228 (Ra-02)",
January 1980, Revised June 1982. Available from Radiological Sciences Institute
Center for Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health,
Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York 12201.
(12) New Jersey Method may be found in
"Determination of Radium 228 in Drinking Water", August 1980. Available from
State of New Jersey, Department of Environmental Protection, Division of
Environmental Quality, Bureau of Radiation and Inorganic Analytical Services, 9
Ewing Street, Trenton, New Jersey 08625.
(13) For uranium ICP-MS Method 200.8, refer
to "Determination of Trace Elements in Waters and Wastes by Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Mass Spectrometry", Revision 5.4, published in "Methods for the
Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples- Supplement I", EPA
600-R-94-111, May 1994. Available at NTIS PB 95-125472.
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