Indiana Administrative Code
Title 327 - WATER POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION
Article 8 - PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY
Rule 2 - Drinking Water Standards
Section 2-1 - Definitions

(1) "Act" means the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.).

(2) "Action level" means the concentration of lead or copper in water specified in section 36(c) of this rule that determines, in some cases, the treatment requirements contained in sections 36 through 47 of this rule that a water system is required to complete.

(3) "Adjustment program" means the addition of fluoride to drinking water by a PWS for the prevention of dental cavities.

(4) "Administrator" means the administrator of the U.S. EPA.

(5) "Bag filters" means pressure-driven separation devices that remove particulate matter larger than one (1) micrometer (µm) using an engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed of a nonrigid, fabric filtration media housed in a pressure vessel in which the direction of flow is from the inside of the bag to the outside.

(6) "Bank filtration" means a water treatment process that uses a well to recover surface water that has naturally infiltrated into ground water through a river bed or bank. Infiltration is typically enhanced by the hydraulic gradient imposed by a nearby pumping water supply or other well.

(7) "Best available technology" or "BAT" means best technology, treatment techniques, or other means that the commissioner finds are available, after examination for efficacy under field conditions, and not solely under laboratory conditions, and after taking cost into consideration. For the purpose of setting MCLs for synthetic organic chemicals, any BAT must be at least as effective as granular activated carbon.

(8) "Cartridge filters" means pressure-driven separation devices that remove particulate matter larger than one (1) micrometer (µm) using an engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed as rigid or semirigid, self-supporting filter elements housed in pressure vessels in which the flow is from the outside of the cartridge to the inside.

(9) "Coagulation" means a process using coagulant chemicals and mixing by which colloidal and suspended materials are destabilized and agglomerated into flocs.

(10) "Combined distribution system" means the interconnected distribution system consisting of the distribution system of wholesale systems and of the consecutive systems that receive finished water.

(11) "Commissioner" means the commissioner of the Indiana department of environmental management or the designated agent of the commissioner.

(12) "Community water system", "CWS", "community public water supply system", or "CPWSS" means a PWS that:

(13) "Compliance cycle" means the nine (9) year calendar year cycle during which PWSs must monitor. Each compliance cycle consists of three (3) three-year compliance periods that continue in perpetuity. The first compliance cycle is established according to the following:

(14) "Compliance period" means a three (3) year calendar year period within a compliance cycle. Each compliance cycle has three (3) three-year compliance periods. The following shows the compliance periods within the compliance cycles shown as an example in subdivision (13):

(15) "Comprehensive performance evaluation" or "CPE" means a thorough review and analysis of a treatment plant's performance-based capabilities and associated administrative, operation, and maintenance practices. It is conducted to identify factors that may be adversely impacting a plant's capability to achieve compliance and emphasizes approaches that can be implemented without significant capital improvements. For purposes of compliance with 327 IAC 8-2.6-1, the CPE must consist of at least the following components:

(16) "Confluent growth" means a continuous bacterial growth covering the entire filtration area of a membrane filter, or a portion thereof, in which bacterial colonies are not discrete.

(17) "Consecutive system" means a PWS that receives some or all of its finished water from one (1) or more wholesale systems. Delivery can be through a direct connection or through the distribution system of one (1) or more consecutive systems. (18) "Contaminant" means any:

(19) "Conventional filtration treatment" means a series of processes, including:

(20) "Corrosion inhibitor" means a substance capable of reducing the corrosivity of water toward metal plumbing materials, especially lead and copper, by forming a protective film on the interior surface of those materials.

(21) "CT" or "CTcalc" means the product of residual disinfectant concentration (C) in milligrams per liter determined before or at the first customer and the corresponding disinfectant contact time (T) in minutes, such as C × T. If a PWS applies disinfectants at more than one (1) point prior to the first customer, the PWS must determine the CT of each disinfectant sequence before or at the first customer to determine the total percent inactivation or total inactivation ratio. In determining the total inactivation ratio, the PWS must determine the residual disinfectant concentration of each disinfection sequence and corresponding contact time before any subsequent disinfection application point. CT99.9 is the CT value required for ninety-nine and nine-tenths percent (99.9%) (3-log) inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts. CT99.9 for a variety of disinfectants and conditions appears in Tables 1.1 through 1.6, 2.1, and 3.1 of 40 CFR 141.74(b)(3) *.

Click here to view image.

is the inactivation ratio. The sum of the inactivation ratios or total inactivation ratio shown as:

Click here to view image.

is calculated by adding together the inactivation ratio for each disinfection sequence. A total inactivation ratio equal to or greater than one (1.0) is assumed to provide a 3-log inactivation of Giardia lamblia cysts.

(22) "Diatomaceous earth filtration" means a process resulting in substantial particulate removal in which:

(23) "Direct filtration" means a series of processes, including coagulation and filtration but excluding sedimentation, resulting in substantial particulate removal.

(24) "Disinfectant" means any oxidant, including, but not limited to:

(25) "Disinfectant contact time" or "T in CT calculations" means the time in minutes that it takes for water to move from the point of disinfectant application or the previous point of disinfectant residual measurement to a point before or at the point where residual disinfectant concentration (C) is measured. Where only one (1) C is measured, T is the time in minutes that it takes for water to move from the point of disinfectant application to a point before or at where C is measured. Where more than one (1) C is measured, T is:

(26) "Disinfection" means a process that inactivates pathogenic organisms in water by chemical oxidants or equivalent agents. (27) "Disinfection profile" means a summary of daily Giardia lamblia inactivation through a treatment plant. The procedure for developing a disinfection profile is contained in:

(28) "Domestic or other nondistribution system plumbing problem" means a coliform contamination problem in a PWS with more than one (1) service connection that is limited to the specific service connection from which the coliform-positive sample was taken.

(29) "Dose equivalent" means the product of the absorbed dose from ionizing radiation and factors that account for differences in biological effectiveness due to the type of radiation and its distribution in the body as specified by the International Commission on Radiological Units and Measurements (ICRUM).

(30) "Drinking water violation" means violations of the:

(32) "Effective corrosion inhibitor residual" means a concentration sufficient to form a passivating film on the interior walls of a pipe for the purpose of sections 36 through 47 of this rule only.

(33) "Enhanced coagulation" means the addition of sufficient coagulant for improved removal of disinfection byproduct precursors by conventional filtration treatment.

(34) "Enhanced softening" means the improved removal of disinfection byproduct precursors by precipitative softening.

(35) "Filter profile" means a graphical representation of individual filter performance, based on continuous turbidity measurements or total particle counts versus time for an entire filter run, from startup to backwash inclusively, that includes an assessment of filter performance while another filter is being backwashed.

(36) "Filtration" means a process for removing particulate matter from water by passage through porous media.

(37) "Finished water" means water that is:

(38) "First draw sample" means a one (1) liter sample of tap water collected in accordance with section 37 of this rule that:

(39) "Flocculation" means a process to enhance agglomeration or collection of smaller floc particles into larger, more easily settleable particles through gentle stirring by hydraulic or mechanical means.

(40) "Flowing stream" means a course of running water flowing in a definite channel.

(41) "GAC10" means granular activated carbon filter beds with an empty-bed contact time of ten (10) minutes based on average daily flow and a carbon reactivation frequency of every:

(42) "GAC20" means granular activated carbon filter beds with an empty-bed contact time of twenty (20) minutes based on average daily flow and a carbon reactivation frequency of every two hundred forty (240) days.

(43) "Gross alpha particle activity" means the total radioactivity due to alpha particle emission as inferred from measurements on a dry sample.

(44) "Gross beta particle activity" means the total radioactivity due to beta particle emission as inferred from measurements on a dry sample.

(45) "Ground water under the direct influence of surface water" means any water beneath the surface of the ground with:

(46) "Haloacetic acids (five)" or "HAA5" means the sum of the concentrations in milligrams per liter of the haloacetic acid compounds:

(47) "Halogen" means one (1) of the following chemical elements:

(48) "Initial compliance period" means January 1993 to December 1995 for the contaminants listed in the following:

(49) "Lake" or "reservoir" means a natural or manmade basin or hollow on the earth's surface in which water collects or is stored that can or cannot have a current or single direction of flow.

(50) "Large water system" means a water system that serves more than fifty thousand (50,000) people for the purpose of sections 36 through 47 of this rule only.

(51) "Lead service line" means a service line made of lead that connects the water main to the building inlet and any:

(52) "Legionella" means a genus of bacteria, some species of which have caused a type of pneumonia called Legionnaires Disease.

(53) "Locational running annual average" or "LRAA" means the average of sample analytical results for samples taken at a particular monitoring location during the previous four (4) calendar quarters.

(54) "Manmade beta particle and photon emitters" means all radionuclides emitting:

(55) "Maximum contaminant level" or "MCL" means the maximum permissible level of a contaminant in water that is delivered to the free flowing outlet of the ultimate user of a PWS, except in the case of turbidity where the maximum permissible level is measured at the point of entry to the distribution system. The term does not include contaminants added to the water under circumstances controlled by the user, except those resulting from corrosion of piping and plumbing caused by water quality.

(56) "Maximum contaminant level goal" or "MCLG" means the maximum level of a contaminant in drinking water:

(57) "Maximum residual disinfectant level" or "MRDL" means a level of a disinfectant added for water treatment that may not be exceeded at the consumer's tap without an unacceptable possibility of adverse health effects.

(58) "Maximum residual disinfectant level goal" or "MRDLG" means the maximum level of a disinfectant added for water treatment:

(59) "Maximum total trihalomethane potential" or "MTP" means the maximum concentration of TTHM produced in a given water containing a disinfectant residual after seven (7) days at a temperature of twenty-five (25) degrees Celsius or above.

(60) "Medium size water system" means a water system that serves greater than three thousand three hundred (3,300) and less than or equal to fifty thousand (50,000) persons for the purpose of sections 36 through 47 of this rule only.

(61) "Membrane filtration" means the following:

(62) "Near the first service connection" means at one (1) of the twenty percent (20%) of all service connections in the entire system that are nearest the water supply treatment facility, as measured by water transport time within the distribution system.

(63) "Noncommunity water system", "NCWS", "noncommunity public water supply system", "NCPWSS", or "noncommunity public water system" has the meaning set forth at IC 13-11-2-140.8.

(64) "Nontransient noncommunity water system" or "NTNCWS" means a PWS that is not a CWS that regularly serves the same twenty-five (25) or more persons at least six (6) months per year.

(65) "Optimal corrosion control treatment" means the corrosion control treatment that minimizes the lead and copper concentrations at users' taps while ensuring that the treatment does not cause the water system to violate this article for the purpose of sections 36 through 47 of this rule only.

(66) "Performance evaluation sample" or "PE sample" means a reference sample provided to a laboratory for the purpose of demonstrating that the laboratory can successfully analyze the sample within limits of performance specified by the administrator. The true value of the concentration of the reference material is unknown to the laboratory at the time of the analysis.

(67) "Picocuri" or "pCi" means the quantity of radioactive material producing two and twenty-two hundredths (2.22) nuclear transformations per minute.

(68) "Plant intake" means the works or structures at the head of a conduit through which water is diverted from a source, for example, a river or lake, into a treatment plant.

(69) "Point of disinfectant application" means the point where:

(70) "Point-of-entry treatment device" or "POE" means a treatment device applied to the drinking water entering a house or building for the purpose of reducing contaminants in drinking water distributed throughout the house or building.

(71) "Point-of-use treatment device" or "POU" means a treatment device to a single tap used for the purpose of reducing contaminants in drinking water at that one (1) tap.

(72) "Presedimentation" means a preliminary treatment process used to remove:

(73) "Primacy agency" means the department of environmental management where the department exercises primary enforcement responsibility as granted by the EPA.

(74) "Public water system", "public water supply", "public water supply system", "PWS", or "PWSS":

(75) "Rem" means the unit of dose equivalent from ionizing radiation to the total body or any internal organ or organ system. A millirem (mrem) is one-thousandth (1/1,000) of a rem.

(76) "Repeat compliance period" means any subsequent compliance period after the initial compliance period.

(77) "Residual disinfectant concentration" or "C in CT calculations" means the concentration of disinfectant measured in milligrams per liter in a representative sample of water.

(78) "Sanitary survey" means an on-site review of the:

(79) "Sedimentation" means a process for removal of solids before filtration by gravity or separation.

(80) "Service interruption" means a disturbance in the provision of water to a customer affecting quality or quantity.

(81) "Service line sample" means a one (1) liter sample of water collected in accordance with section 37(b)(3) of this rule that has been standing at least six (6) hours in a service line.

(82) "Single family structure" means a building constructed as a single family residence that is currently being used as a:

(83) "Slow sand filtration" means a process:

(84) "Small water system" means a water system that serves three thousand three hundred (3,300) persons or fewer for the purpose of sections 36 through 47 of this rule only.

(85) "Standard sample" means the aliquot of finished drinking water that is examined for the presence of coliform bacteria.

(86) "Subpart H system" means a PWS using:

(87) "Supplier of water" means any person who:

(88) "Surface water" means all water occurring on the surface of the ground, including water in the following:

(89) "SUVA" means specific ultraviolet absorption at two hundred fifty-four (254) nanometers, an indicator of the humic content of water. SUVA is a calculated parameter obtained by dividing a sample's ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength of two hundred fifty-four (254) nanometers (UV254) (in m-1) by its concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (in milligrams per liter).

(90) "System with a single service connection" means a PWS that supplies drinking water to consumers via a single service line.

(91) "Too numerous to count" means that the total number of bacterial colonies exceeds two hundred (200) on a forty-seven (47) millimeter diameter membrane filter used for coliform detection.

(92) "Total organic carbon" or "TOC" means total organic carbon in milligrams per liter, measured using:

(93) "Total trihalomethanes" or "TTHM" means the sum of the concentration in milligrams per liter of the THM compounds:

(94) "Transient noncommunity water system" or "TWS" means an NCWS that does not regularly serve at least twenty-five (25) of the same persons over six (6) months per year.

(95) "Trihalomethane" or "THM" means one (1) of the family of organic compounds, named as derivatives of methane, wherein three (3) of the four (4) hydrogen atoms in methane are each substituted by a halogen atom in the molecular structure. (96) "Two-stage lime softening" means a process in which chemical addition and hardness precipitation occur in each of two (2) distinct unit clarification processes in series prior to filtration.

(97) "Uncovered finished water storage facility" means a facility:

(98) "Undetectable disinfectant residual" means a disinfectant residual level that is less than:

(99) "U.S. EPA" or "EPA" means the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

(100) "Virus" means a virus of fecal origin that is infectious to humans by waterborne transmission.

(101) "Waterborne disease outbreak" means the significant occurrence of acute infectious illness epidemiologically associated with the ingestion of water from a PWS that is deficient in treatment as determined by the commissioner.

(102) "Water loss" means the following:

(103) "Wholesale system" means a PWS that: