Current through September 18, 2024
Authority: IC 13-13-5; IC 13-14-8; IC 13-18- 3; IC
13-18-16-8; IC 13-18-16-9
Affected: IC 13-18-2; IC 13-18-16
Sec. 3.
(a) A CWS
shall provide to its customers an annual report that contains the information
specified in this section and section 4 of this rule.
(b) The report required under subsection (a)
must contain information on the source of the water delivered, including the
following:
(1) The source or sources of water
delivered by the CWS by including information on the following:
(A) The type of water, such as surface water
or ground water.
(B) The commonly
used name, if any.
(C) The location
of the body or bodies of water.
(2) If a source water assessment has been
completed, the report must notify the consumers of the:
(A) availability of this information;
and
(B) means to obtain it.
In addition, a CWS is encouraged to highlight in the report
significant sources of contamination in the source water area if they have
readily available information.
(3) If a CWS has received a source water
assessment from the commissioner, the report must include a brief summary of
the CWS's susceptibility to potential sources of contamination, using language:
(A) provided; or
(B) written by the operator and approved; by
the commissioner.
(c) The report required under subsection (a)
must include the following definitions:
(1)
"Maximum contaminant level" or "MCL" means the highest level of a contaminant
that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as
feasible using the best available treatment technology.
(2) "Maximum contaminant level goal" or
"MCLG" means the level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is
no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of
safety.
(3) For a report that
contains information regarding a level 1 or level 2 assessment required under
40 CFR 141, Subpart Y*, the report must include the following applicable
definitions:
(A) "Level 1 assessment" means a
study of the water system to identify potential problems and determine, if
possible, why total coliform bacteria have been found in our water
system.
(B) "Level 2 assessment"
means a very detailed study of the water system to identify potential problems
and determine, if possible, why either or both of the following has occurred:
(i) An E. coli MCL violation.
(ii) Total coliform bacteria have been found
in our water system on multiple occasions.
(d) The report required under
subsection (a) that contains data on contaminants that the department or U.S.
EPA regulates and uses any of the following terms must include definitions, as
applicable, of the terms used:
(1) "Action
level" means the concentration of a contaminant that, if exceeded, triggers
treatment or other requirements that a water system must follow.
(2) "Maximum residual disinfectant level" or
"MRDL" means the highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.
There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for
control of microbial contaminants.
(3) "Maximum residual disinfectant level
goal" or "MRDLG" means the level of a drinking water disinfectant below which
there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLG does not reflect the
benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial
contaminants.
(4) "Treatment
technique" means a required process intended to reduce the level of a
contaminant in drinking water.
(e) The report required under subsection (a)
must include the information specified in this subsection for the following
contaminants subject to mandatory monitoring, other than Cryptosporidium:
(1) Contaminants subject to an MCL, action
level, or treatment technique, hereafter referred to as regulated
contaminants.
(2) Disinfection
byproducts or microbial contaminants for which monitoring is required by 40 CFR
141.142 * and 40 CFR 141.143 *, except as provided in subsection (f)(1) and
that are detected in the finished water.
(3) Contaminants for which monitoring is
required by
40 CFR
141.40 * (unregulated
contaminants).
(4) The data
relating to these contaminants must be displayed in one (1) table or in several
adjacent tables. Any additional monitoring results that a CWS chooses to
include in its report must be displayed separately.
(5) The data must be derived from data
collected to comply with U.S. EPA and department monitoring and analytical
requirements during calendar year 1998 for the first report and subsequent
calendar years thereafter, except the following:
(A) Where a CWS is allowed to monitor for
regulated contaminants less often than once a year, the:
(i) table or tables must include the date and
results of the most recent sampling; and
(ii) report must include a brief statement
indicating that the data presented in the report are from the most recent
testing done in accordance with 327 IAC 8-2, 327 IAC 8-2.3, 327 IAC 8-2.5, 327
IAC 8-2.6, and 40 CFR 141. No data older than five (5) years need be
included.
(B) Results of
monitoring in compliance with 40 CFR 141.142 * and 40 CFR 141.143 * need only
be included:
(i) for five (5) years from the
date of the last sample; or
(ii)
until any of the detected contaminants becomes regulated and subject to routine
monitoring requirements; whichever comes first.
(6) For detected regulated contaminants
listed in section 6(a) of this rule, the table or tables must contain the
following information:
(A) The MCL for that
contaminant expressed as a number equal to or greater than one and zero-tenths
(1.0), as listed in section 6(a) of this rule.
(B) The MCLG for that contaminant expressed
in the same units as the MCL.
(C)
If there is no MCL for a detected contaminant, the:
(i) table must indicate that there is a
treatment technique, or specify the action level, applicable to that
contaminant; and
(ii) report must
include the definitions for the treatment technique or action level, or both,
as appropriate, specified in subsection (d).
(D) For contaminants subject to an MCL,
except turbidity, total coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli, the highest
contaminant level used to determine compliance with this rule and the range of
detected levels as follows:
(i) When
compliance with the MCL is determined annually or less frequently, the highest
detected level at any sampling point and the range of detected levels expressed
in the same units as the MCL.
(ii)
When compliance with the MCL is determined by calculating a running annual
average of all samples taken at a monitoring location, a CWS shall report the
following:
(AA) The highest average of any of
the monitoring locations and the range of all monitoring locations expressed in
the same units as the MCL.
(BB) For
the MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 in
327
IAC 8-2.5-2(b), a CWS shall include
the highest LRAA for TTHM and HAA5 and the range of individual sample results
for all monitoring locations expressed in the same units as the MCL. If more
than one (1) location exceeds the TTHM or HAA5 MCL, the CWS shall include the
LRAAs for all locations that exceed the MCL.
(iii) When compliance with the MCL is
determined on a system-wide basis by calculating a running annual average of
all samples at all monitoring locations, a CWS shall report the following:
(AA) The average and range of detection
expressed in the same units as the MCL.
(BB) Individual sample results for the
initial distribution system evaluation (IDSE) conducted under
327 IAC
8-2.5-10 when determining the range of TTHM and HAA5
results to be reported in the annual consumer confidence report for the
calendar year that the IDSE samples were taken.
(E) When turbidity is reported under
327 IAC
8-2-8.5 or
327 IAC
8-2.6-3, the highest single measurement and the lowest
monthly percentage of samples meeting the turbidity limits specified in
327 IAC
8-2-8.5 or
327 IAC
8-2.6-3 for the filtration technology being used. The
report must include an explanation of the reasons for measuring
turbidity.
(F) For lead and copper,
the:
(i) ninetieth percentile value of the
most recent round of sampling; and
(ii) number of sampling sites exceeding the
action level.
(G) For
total coliform analytical results until March 31, 2016, the highest monthly:
(i) number of positive samples for a CWS
collecting fewer than forty (40) samples per month; or
(ii) percentage of positive samples for a CWS
collecting at least forty (40) samples per month.
(H) For fecal coliform and E. coli until
March 31, 2016, the total number of positive samples.
(I) For E. coli analytical results under 40
CFR 141, Subpart Y*, the total number of positive samples.
(J) The likely source or sources of detected
contaminants to the best of the operator's knowledge. Specific information
regarding contaminants:
(i) may be available
in sanitary surveys and source water assessments; and
(ii) must be used when available to the
operator.
If the operator lacks specific information on the likely
source, the report must include one (1) or more of the typical sources for that
contaminant listed in section 6(b) of this rule that are most applicable to the
CWS.
(7) If a CWS distributes water to its
customers from multiple hydraulically independent distribution systems that are
fed by different raw water sources:
(A) the
table must contain a separate column for each service area, and the report must
identify each separate distribution system; or
(B) the CWS may produce separate reports
tailored to include data for each service area.
(8) The table must clearly identify any data
indicating violations of MCLs or treatment techniques, and the report must
contain a clear and readily understandable explanation of the violation,
including the following:
(A) The length of
the violation.
(B) The potential
adverse health effects.
(C) Actions
taken by the CWS to address the violation.
To describe the potential health effects, the CWS shall use
the relevant language of section 6(c) of this rule.
(9) For detected unregulated
contaminants for which monitoring is required (except Cryptosporidium), the
table must contain the average and range at which the contaminant was detected.
The report may include a brief explanation of the reasons for monitoring for
unregulated contaminants.
(f) Each report required under subsection (a)
must contain the following information on Cryptosporidium, radon, and other
contaminants:
(1) If the CWS has performed
any monitoring for Cryptosporidium, including monitoring performed to satisfy
the requirements of 40 CFR 141.143 *, that indicates Cryptosporidium may be
present in the source water or the finished water, the report must include the
following:
(A) A summary of the results of
the monitoring.
(B) An explanation
of the significance of the results.
(2) If the CWS has performed any monitoring
for radon that indicates radon may be present in the finished water, the report
must include the following:
(A) The results
of the monitoring.
(B) An
explanation of the significance of the results.
(3) If the CWS has performed additional
monitoring that indicates the presence of other contaminants in the finished
water, the commissioner strongly encourages the CWS to report any results that
may indicate a health concern. To determine if results may indicate a health
concern, the commissioner recommends that the CWS finds out if U.S. EPA has
proposed a national primary drinking water regulation (NPDWR) or issued a
health advisory for that contaminant by calling the Safe Drinking Water Hotline
at (800) 426-4791. The commissioner and U.S. EPA consider levels detected above
a proposed federal or state MCL or health advisory level to indicate possible
health concerns. For contaminants found through additional monitoring, the
commissioner recommends that the report includes the following:
(A) The results of the monitoring.
(B) An explanation of the significance of the
results noting the existence of a health advisory or a proposed
regulation.
(g) In addition to the requirements of
subsection (e)(6), the report required under subsection (a) must note any
violation of a requirement listed in this subsection that occurred during the
year covered by the report and include a clear and readily understandable
explanation of the violation, any potential adverse health effects, and the
steps the CWS has taken to correct the violation. Violations of the following
requirements must be included:
(1) Monitoring
and reporting of compliance data.
(2) Filtration and disinfection prescribed by
327 IAC
8-2-8.5 and
327 IAC
8-2-8.6. For a CWS that has:
(A) failed to install adequate filtration or
disinfection equipment or processes; or
(B) had a failure of filtration or
disinfection equipment or processes that constitutes a violation; the report
must include the following language as part of the explanation of potential
health effects, "inadequately treated water may contain disease-causing
organisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can
cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and associated
headaches.".
(3) Lead
and copper control requirements prescribed by
327 IAC
8-2-36 through
327 IAC
8-2-47. For a CWS that fails to take one (1) or more
actions prescribed by
327 IAC
8-2-36(d) or
327
IAC 8-2-40 through
327 IAC
8-2-43, the report must include the applicable
language from section 6(c) of this rule for lead or copper, or both.
(4) Treatment techniques for acrylamide and
epichlorohydrin prescribed by
327 IAC
8-2-35. For a CWS that violates
327 IAC
8-2-35, the report must include the relevant language
from section 6(c) of this rule.
(5)
Record keeping of compliance data.
(6) Special monitoring requirements
prescribed by
327 IAC
8-2-21.
(7) Violation of the terms of an
administrative or judicial order.
(h) The report required under subsection (a)
must contain the following additional information:
(1) A brief explanation regarding
contaminants that may reasonably be expected to be found in drinking water,
including bottled water. This explanation may include the language in clauses
(A) through (C), or a CWS may use its own comparable language. The report
required under subsection (a) must also include the language of clause (D). The
language is as follows:
(A) The sources of
drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers, lakes,
streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the
surface of the land or through the ground, it:
(i) dissolves naturally-occurring minerals
and, in some cases, radioactive material; and
(ii) can pick up substances resulting from
the presence of animals or from human activity.
(B) Contaminants that may be present in
source water include the following:
(i)
Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, that may come from the
following:
(AA) Sewage treatment
plants.
(BB) Septic
systems.
(CC) Agricultural
livestock operations.
(DD)
Wildlife.
(ii) Inorganic
contaminants, such as salts and metals, that can be naturally-occurring or
result from any of the following:
(AA) Urban
stormwater runoff.
(BB) Industrial
or domestic wastewater discharges.
(CC) Oil and gas production.
(DD) Mining.
(EE) Farming.
(iii) Pesticides and herbicides that may come
from a variety of sources, such as the following:
(AA) Agriculture.
(BB) Urban storm water runoff.
(CC) Residential uses.
(iv) Organic chemical contaminants, including
synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, that:
(AA) are byproducts of industrial processes
and petroleum production; and
(BB)
can also come from gas stations, urban storm water run-off, and septic
systems.
(v) Radioactive
contaminants that can be:
(AA)
naturally-occurring; or
(BB) the
result of oil and gas production and mining activities.
(C) In order to ensure that tap water is safe
to drink, the department and U.S. EPA prescribe regulations that limit the
amount of certain contaminants in water provided by PWS. Federal Drug
Administration (FDA) regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled
water that must provide the same protection for public health.
(D) Drinking water, including bottled water,
may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some
contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that
the water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and
potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental
Protection Agency's Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
(2) The
telephone number of the owner, operator, or designee of the CWS as a source of
additional information concerning the report.
(3) In communities with a large proportion of
non-English speaking residents, in which twenty percent (20%) or more of the
residents speak the same language other than English, the report must contain:
(A) information in the appropriate language
or languages regarding the importance of the report; or
(B) a telephone number or address where the
residents may contact the CWS to obtain:
(i)
a translated copy of the report; or
(ii) assistance in the appropriate
language.
(4)
The report required under subsection (a) must include information about
opportunities for public participation in decisions that may affect the quality
of water. This information may include, but is not limited to, the time and
place of regularly scheduled board meetings.
(5) The CWS may include any additional
information as the CWS deems necessary for public education consistent with,
and not detracting from, the purpose of the report.
(6) A CWS required to comply with 327 IAC
8-2.3 shall provide the following notices, where applicable:
(A) A CWS using ground water that receives
notice from the commissioner of a significant deficiency or notice from a
laboratory of a fecal indicator-positive ground water source sample that is not
invalidated by the commissioner under
327
IAC 8-2.3-4(d) shall inform its
customers of any significant deficiency that is uncorrected at the time of the
next report or of any fecal indicator-positive ground water source sample in
the next report. The CWS using ground water shall continue to inform the public
annually until the commissioner determines that particular significant
deficiency is corrected or the fecal contamination in the ground water source
is addressed under
327
IAC 8-2.3-5(a). Each report must
include the following elements:
(i) The
nature of the particular significant deficiency or the source of the fecal
contamination, if known, and the date the significant deficiency was identified
by the commissioner or the dates of the fecal indicator-positive ground water
source samples.
(ii) Whether the
fecal contamination in the ground water source has been addressed under
327
IAC 8-2.3-5(a) and the date of the
action.
(iii) For each significant
deficiency or fecal contamination in the ground water source that has not been
addressed under
327
IAC 8-2.3-5(a), the
commissioner-approved plan and schedule for correction, including the
following:
(AA) Interim measures.
(BB) Progress to date.
(CC) Any interim measures
completed.
(iv) If the
CWS using ground water receives notice of a fecal indicator-positive ground
water source sample that is not invalidated by the commissioner under
327
IAC 8-2.3-4(d), the potential health
effects using the health effects language of section 17 of this rule.
(B) If directed by the
commissioner, a CWS with significant deficiencies that have been corrected
before the next report is issued shall inform its customers of the following:
(i) The significant deficiency.
(ii) How the deficiency was
corrected.
(iii) The date of the
correction under clause (A).
(7) A CWS required to comply with 40 CFR 141,
Subpart Y*, shall provide the following notices, as applicable:
(A) Any CWS required to comply with the level
1 assessment requirement or a level 2 assessment requirement, if the level 2
assessment is not due to an E. coli MCL violation, shall include text in the
report as described in the following:
(i) The
required report must state, "Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present
in the environment and are used as an indicator that other, potentially
harmful, waterborne pathogens may be present or that a potential pathway exists
through which contamination may enter the drinking water distribution system.
We found coliforms indicating the need to look for potential problems in water
treatment or distribution. When this occurs, we are required to conduct
assessment(s) to identify problems and to correct any problems that were found
during these assessments."
(ii) The
report referenced under item (i) must include the following text, as
appropriate, with completed blanks:
(AA)
"During the past year we were required to conduct [INSERT NUMBER OF LEVEL 1
ASSESSMENTS] level 1 assessment(s). [INSERT NUMBER OF LEVEL 1 ASSESSMENTS]
level 1 assessment(s) were completed. In addition, we were required to take
[INSERT NUMBER OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS] corrective actions and we completed
[INSERT NUMBER OF COMPLETED CORRECTIVE ACTIONS] of these actions."
(BB) "During the past year [INSERT NUMBER OF
LEVEL 2 ASSESSMENTS] level 2 assessments were required to be completed for our
water system. [INSERT NUMBER OF LEVEL 2 ASSESSMENTS] level 2 assessments were
completed. In addition, we were required to take [INSERT NUMBER OF CORRECTIVE
ACTIONS] corrective actions and we completed [INSERT NUMBER OF COMPLETED
CORRECTIVE ACTIONS] of these actions."
(iii) A CWS that has failed to complete all
the required assessments, correct all identified sanitary defects, or is in
violation of the treatment technique requirement under 40 CFR 141.859(a)*, must
include in the report referenced under item (i) one (1) or both of the
following statements, as appropriate:
(AA)
"During the past year, we failed to conduct all of the required
assessment(s)."
(BB) "During the
past year, we failed to correct all identified defects that were found during
the assessment(s)."
(B) Any CWS
required to conduct a level 2 assessment due to an E. coli MCL violation shall
include text in the report as described in the following:
(i) Each required report must include the
following text with completed blanks:
(AA)
"E. coli are bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may be
contaminated with human or animal wastes. Human pathogens in these wastes can
cause short term effects, such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other
symptoms. They may pose a greater health risk for infants, young children, the
elderly, and people with severely compromised immune systems. We found E. coli
bacteria, indicating the need to look for potential problems in water treatment
or distribution. When this occurs, we are required to conduct assessment(s) to
identify problems and to correct any problems that were found during these
assessments."
(BB) "We were
required to complete a level 2 assessment because we found E. coli in our water
system. In addition, we were required to take [INSERT NUMBER OF CORRECTIVE
ACTIONS] corrective actions and we completed [INSERT NUMBER OF COMPLETED
CORRECTIVE ACTIONS] of these actions."
(ii) A CWS that has failed to complete the
required assessment, correct all identified sanitary defects, or is in
violation of the treatment technique requirement under 40 CFR 141.859(a)*, must
include in the report referenced under item (i) one (1) or both of the
following statements, as appropriate:
(AA)
"We failed to conduct the required assessment."
(BB) "We failed to correct all sanitary
defects that were identified during the assessments we conducted."
(C) If a CWS detects E. coli and has violated
the E. coli MCL, in addition to completing the table as required under
subsection (e)(4) with the information required under subsection (e)(6), the
CWS must include one (1) or more of the following statements to describe any
noncompliance, as applicable:
(i) "We had an
E. coli-positive repeat sample following a total coliform-positive routine
sample."
(ii) "We had a total
coliform-positive repeat sample following an E. coli-positive routine
sample."
(iii) "We failed to take
all required repeat samples following an E. coli-positive routine
sample."
(iv) "We failed to test
for E. coli when any repeat sample tests positive for total
coliform."
(D) If a CWS
detects E. coli and has not violated the E. coli MCL, in addition to completing
the table as required under subsection (e)(4), the CWS may include a statement
that explains that, although the CWS has detected E. coli, the CWS is not in
violation of the E. coli MCL. *These documents are incorporated by reference.
Copies may be obtained from the Government Publishing Office,
www.gpo.gov, or are available for review at
the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, Office of Legal Counsel,
Indiana Government Center North, 100 North Senate Avenue, Thirteenth Floor,
Indianapolis, Indiana 46204.