Indiana Administrative Code
Title 327 - WATER POLLUTION CONTROL DIVISION
Article 6.1 - LAND APPLICATION OF BIOSOLID, INDUSTRIAL WASTE PRODUCT, AND POLLUTANT-BEARING WATER
Rule 4 - Land Application of Biosolid and Industrial Waste Product
Section 4-13 - Pathogen requirements
Universal Citation: 327 IN Admin Code 4-13
Current through September 18, 2024
Authority: IC 13-14-8-7; IC 13-15-1-2; IC 13-15-2-1; IC 13-18-3-1; IC 13-18-12-4
Affected: IC 13-11-2-77; IC 13-30-2-1
Sec. 13.
(a) This section contains the requirements for a biosolid to be classified either Class A or Class B with respect to pathogens.
(b) To be categorized as Class A, a biosolid must meet or exceed the following requirements:
(1) The pathogen requirements in subdivision
(2) must be met either prior to, or at the same time as, the vector attraction
reduction requirements in section 15(b)(1) through 15(b)(5), 15(b)(9), and
15(b)(10) of this rule.
(2) The
requirements in one (1) of the following alternatives:
(A) For Class A, Alternative 1, except for
composting, the following:
(i) The density of
fecal coliform in the biosolid, as determined by Part 9221 E* or Part 9222 D*,
must be less than one thousand (1,000) most probable number (MPN) per gram of
total solids.
(ii) The temperature
of the biosolid that is used or disposed must be maintained at a specific value
for a period of time as applicable in the following:
(AA) When the percent total solids of the
biosolid is seven percent (7%) or higher, the temperature of the biosolid must
be fifty (50) degrees Celsius or higher; the time period must be twenty (20)
minutes or longer; and the temperature and time period must be determined using
Equation 1 as follows, except when small particles of biosolid are heated by
either warmed gases or an immiscible liquid: Equation 1:
Where: D = Time in days.
t = Temperature in degrees Celsius.
(BB) When the percent total solids of the
biosolid is seven percent (7%) or higher and small particles of biosolid are
heated by either warmed gases or an immiscible liquid, the temperature of the
biosolid must be fifty (50) degrees Celsius or higher; the time period must be
fifteen (15) seconds or longer; and the temperature and time period must be
determined using Equation 1 in subitem (AA). (CC) When the percent total solids
of the biosolid is less than seven percent (7%) and the time period is at least
fifteen (15) seconds, but less than thirty (30) minutes, the temperature and
time period must be determined using Equation 1 in subitem (AA).
(DD) When the percent total solids of the
biosolid is less than seven percent (7%), the temperature of the biosolid is
fifty (50) degrees Celsius or higher; and the time period is thirty (30)
minutes or longer, the temperature and time period must be determined using
Equation 2 as follows:
Equation 2:
Where: D = Time in days.
t = Temperature in degrees Celsius.
(B) For Class A,
Alternative 2, the following:
(i) The density
of fecal coliform in the biosolid, as determined by Part 9221 E* or Part 9222
D*, must be less than one thousand (1,000) MPN per gram of total
solids.
(ii) The pH of the biosolid
must be raised to above 12 and shall remain above 12 for seventy-two (72)
hours.
(iii) The temperature of the
biosolid must be above fifty-two (52) degrees Celsius for twelve (12) hours or
longer during the period that the pH of the biosolid is above 12.
(iv) At the end of the seventy-two (72) hour
period during which the pH of the biosolid is above 12, the biosolid must be
air dried to achieve a percent total solids in the biosolid greater than fifty
percent (50%).
(C) For
Class A, Alternative 3, the following:
(i)
The density of fecal coliform in the biosolid, as determined by Part 9221 E* or
Part 9222 D*, must be less than one thousand (1,000) MPN per gram of total
solids.
(ii) Regarding enteric
viruses, the following:
(AA) The biosolid must
be analyzed prior to pathogen treatment to determine whether the biosolid
contains enteric viruses using ASTM Designation: D 4994-89*.
(BB) When the density of enteric viruses in
the biosolid prior to pathogen treatment is less than one (1) plaque-forming
unit (PFU) per four (4) grams of total solids the biosolid is Class A with
respect to enteric viruses until the next monitoring required by section 16 of
this rule for the biosolid.
(CC)
When the density of enteric viruses in the biosolid prior to pathogen treatment
is equal to or greater than one (1) PFU per four (4) grams of total solids the
biosolid is Class A with respect to enteric viruses when the density of enteric
viruses in the biosolid after pathogen treatment is less than one (1) PFU per
four (4) grams of total solids and when the values or ranges of values for the
operating parameters for the pathogen treatment process that produces the
biosolid that meets the enteric virus density requirement are
documented.
(DD) After the enteric
virus reduction in subitem (CC) is demonstrated for the pathogen treatment
process, the biosolid continues to be Class A with respect to enteric viruses
when the values for the pathogen treatment process operating parameters are
consistent with the values or ranges of values documented in subitem
(CC).
(iii) Regarding
viable helminth ova, the following:
(AA) Prior
to pathogen treatment the biosolid must be analyzed to determine whether the
biosolid contains viable helminth ova using methods in EPA 600/
1-87-014 *.
(BB) When the density of viable helminth ova
in the biosolid prior to pathogen treatment is less than one (1) per four (4)
grams of total solids the biosolid is Class A with respect to viable helminth
ova until the next monitoring required by section 16 of this rule for the
biosolid.
(CC) When the density of
viable helminth ova in the biosolid prior to pathogen treatment is equal to or
greater than one (1) per four (4) grams of total solids the biosolid is Class A
with respect to viable helminth ova when the density of viable helminth ova in
the biosolid after pathogen treatment is less than one (1) per four (4) grams
of total solids and when the values or ranges of values for the operating
parameters for the pathogen treatment process that produces the biosolid that
meets the viable helminth ova density requirement are documented.
(DD) After the viable helminth ova reduction
in subitem (CC) is demonstrated for the pathogen treatment process, the
biosolid continues to be Class A with respect to viable helminth ova when the
values for the pathogen treatment process operating parameters are consistent
with the values or ranges of values documented in subitem (CC).
(D) For Class A,
Alternative 4, the following:
(i) The density
of fecal coliform in the biosolid, as determined by Part 9221 E* or Part 9222
D*, must be less than one thousand (1,000) MPN per gram of total
solids.
(ii) The density of enteric
viruses in the biosolid must be less than one (1) PFU per four (4) grams of
total solids.
(iii) The density of
viable helminth ova in the biosolid must be less than one (1) per four (4)
grams of total solids.
(E) For Class A, Alternative 5, the
following:
(i) The density of fecal coliform
in the biosolid, as determined by Part 9221 E* or Part 9222 D*, must be less
than one thousand (1,000) MPN per gram of total solids.
(ii) Biosolid must be treated in one (1) of
the processes to further reduce pathogens described in section 14(b) of this
rule.
(F) For Class A,
Alternative 6, the following:
(i) The density
of fecal coliform in the biosolid, as determined by Part 9221 E* or Part 9222
D*, must be less than one thousand (1,000) MPN per gram of total
solids.
(ii) A biosolid must be
treated in a process that is equivalent to a process to further reduce
pathogens as determined by the commissioner on the recommendation of EPA.
(c) To be categorized as Class B, a biosolid must meet one (1) of the following alternatives:
(1) For Class B, Alternative 1,
the following:
(A) Seven (7) representative
samples of the biosolid must be collected prior to land application.
(B) The geometric mean of the density of
fecal coliform in the samples collected in clause (A) must be less than either
two million (2,000,000) MPN per gram of total solids or two million (2,000,000)
colony-forming units (CFU) per gram of total solids.
(2) For Class B, Alternative 2, the biosolid
must be treated by one (1) of the processes to significantly reduce pathogens
described in section 14(a) of this rule.
(3) For Class B, Alternative 3, the biosolid
that is used or disposed must be treated in a process that is equivalent to a
process to significantly reduce pathogens, as determined by the commissioner on
the recommendation of EPA.
(d) For purposes of subsection (b)(2)(B), the pH of biosolid must be measured at twenty-five (25) degrees Celsius or measured at another temperature and then converted to an equivalent value at twenty-five (25) degrees Celsius. *Methods referenced in this section may be obtained as follows:
(1) Part 9221 E and Part 9222 D may
be found in " Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater",
18th Edition, 1992, available from American Public Health Association, 1015
15th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
(2) ASTM Designation: D 4994-89 may be found
in "Standard Practice for Recovery of Viruses From Wastewater Sludges", 1996
Annual Book of ASTM Standards: Section 11.02, Water, Part 2, available from
ASTM, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-1187.
(3) EPA 600/
1-87-014, Yanko, W.A., "Occurrence
of Pathogens in Distribution and Marketing Municipal Sludges", January 1988, is
available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, Virginia 22161 (PB 88-154273/AS).
These methods are also available for copying at the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, Office of Land Quality, 100 North Senate Avenue, Room N1154, Indianapolis, Indiana 46204.
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