Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 38, September 20, 2024
a) Applicability
1) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary materials in hazardous secondary
material management units using closed-vent systems and control devices used to
comply with provisions of this Part must comply with the provisions of this
Section.
2) This subsection (a)(2)
corresponds with
40 CFR
261.1033, which USEPA has marked "reserved".
This statement maintains structural consistency with the federal
regulations.
b) A control
device involving vapor recovery (e.g., a condenser or adsorber) must be
designed and operated to recover the organic vapors vented to it with an
efficiency of 95 weight percent or greater unless the total organic emission
limits of Section
721.932(a)(1)
for all affected process vents can be attained at an efficiency less than 95
weight percent.
c) An enclosed
combustion device (e.g., a vapor incinerator, boiler, or process heater) must
be designed and operated to reduce the organic emissions vented to it by 95
weight percent or greater; to achieve a total organic compound concentration of
20 ppmv, expressed as the sum of the actual compounds, not carbon equivalents,
on a dry basis corrected to three percent oxygen; or to provide a minimum
residence time of 0.50 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760°C. If a
boiler or process heater is used as the control device, then the vent stream
must be introduced into the flame zone of the boiler or process
heater.
d) Flares
1) A flare must be designed for and operated
with no visible emissions, as determined by the methods specified in subsection
(e)(1), except for periods not to exceed a total of five minutes during any two
consecutive hours.
2) A flare must
be operated with a flame present at all times, as determined by the methods
specified in subsection (f)(2)(C).
3) A flare must be used only if the net
heating value of the gas being combusted is 11.2 MJ/scm (300 Btu/scf) or
greater if the flare is steam-assisted or air-assisted; or if the net heating
value of the gas being combusted is 7.45 MJ/scm (200 Btu/scf) or greater if the
flare is non-assisted. The net heating value of the gas being combusted must be
determined by the methods specified in subsection (e)(2).
4) Exit Velocity
A) A steam-assisted or nonassisted flare must
be designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the
methods specified in subsection (e)(3), less than 18.3 m/s (60 ft/s), except as
provided in subsections (d)(4)(B) and (C).
B) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the methods
specified in subsection (e)(3), equal to or greater than 18.3 m/s (60 ft/s) but
less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s) is allowed if the net heating value of the gas
being combusted is greater than 37.3 MJ/scm (1,000 Btu/scf).
C) A steam-assisted or non-assisted flare
designed for and operated with an exit velocity, as determined by the methods
specified in subsection (e)(3), less than the velocity,
Vmax, as determined by the method specified in
subsection (e)(4), and less than 122 m/s (400 ft/s) is allowed.
5) An air-assisted flare must be
designed and operated with an exit velocity less than the velocity,
Vmax, as determined by the method specified in
subsection (e)(5).
6) A flare used
to comply with this Section must be steam-assisted, air-assisted, or
unassisted.
e) Compliance
Determination and Equations
1) Reference
Method 22 (Visual Determination of Fugitive Emissions from Material Sources and
Smoke Emissions from Flares) in appendix A to 40 CFR 60 (Test Methods),
incorporated by reference in 35 Ill. Adm. Code
720.111, must be used
to determine the compliance of a flare with the visible emission provisions of
this Subpart AA. The observation period is two hours and must be used according
to Method 22.
2) The net heating
value of the gas being combusted in a flare must be calculated using the
following equation:
Click here to
view image
Where:
HT
|
=
|
Net heating value of the sample, MJ/scm; where the
net enthalpy per mole of offgas is based on combustion at 25°C and 760 mm
Hg, but the standard temperature for determining the volume corresponding to
one mol is 20°C
|
K
|
=
|
Constant, 1.74 x 10-7
(1/ppm) (g mol/scm) (MJ/kcal) where standard temperature for (g mol/scm) is
20°C
|
Ci
|
=
|
Concentration of sample component i in ppm on a wet
basis, as measured for organics by Reference Method 18 (Measurement of Gaseous
Organic Compound Emissions by Gas Chromatography) in appendix A to 40 CFR 60
(Test Methods), incorporated by reference in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 720.111, and
measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by ASTM D 1946-90, incorporated by
reference in Section 720.111
|
Hi
|
=
|
Net heat of combustion of sample component i, kcal/g
mol at 25°C and 760 mm Hg. The heats of combustion may be determined using
ASTM D 2382-83, incorporated by reference in Section 720.111, if published
values are not available or cannot be calculated.
|
3)
The actual exit velocity of a flare must be determined by dividing the
volumetric flow rate (in units of standard temperature and pressure), as
determined by Reference Methods 2 (Determination of Stack Gas Velocity and
Volumetric Flow Rate (Type S Pitot Tube)), 2A (Direct Measurement of Gas Volume
through Pipes and Small Ducts), 2C (Determination of Gas Velocity and
Volumetric Flow Rate in Small Stacks or Ducts (Standard Pitot Tube)), or 2D
(Measurement of Gas Volume Flow Rates in Small Pipes and Ducts) in appendix A
to 40 CFR 60 (Test Methods), each incorporated by reference in 35 Ill. Adm.
Code 720.111, as appropriate, by the unobstructed (free) cross-sectional area
of the flare tip.
4) The maximum
allowed velocity in m/s, Vmax, for a flare complying
with subsection (d)(4)(C) must be determined by the following equation:
Click here
to view image
Where:
HT
|
=
|
The net heating value as determined in subsection
(e)(2)
|
5)
The maximum allowed velocity in m/s, Vmax, for an
air-assisted flare must be determined by the following equation:
Click here
to view image
Where:
HT
|
=
|
The net heating value as determined in subsection
(e)(2)
|
f) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must monitor and inspect each
control device required to comply with this section to ensure proper operation
and maintenance of the control device by implementing the following
requirements:
1) Install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a flow
indicator that provides a record of vent stream flow from each affected process
vent to the control device at least once every hour. The flow indicator sensor
must be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the
control device inlet but before the point at which the vent streams are
combined.
2) Install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate according to the manufacturer's specifications a device
to continuously monitor control device operation as specified below:
A) For a thermal vapor incinerator, a
temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
must have an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being monitored
in °C or ±0.5 °C, whichever is greater. The temperature sensor
must be installed at a location in the combustion chamber downstream of the
combustion zone.
B) For a catalytic
vapor incinerator, a temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous
recorder. The device must be capable of monitoring temperature at two locations
and have an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being monitored in
°C or ±0.5°C, whichever is greater. One temperature sensor must
be installed in the vent stream at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst
bed inlet and a second temperature sensor must be installed in the vent stream
at the nearest feasible point to the catalyst bed outlet.
C) For a flare, a heat sensing monitoring
device equipped with a continuous recorder that indicates the continuous
ignition of the pilot flame.
D) For
a boiler or process heater having a design heat input capacity less than 44 MW,
a temperature monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder. The device
must have an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being monitored
in °C or ±0.5°C, whichever is greater. The temperature sensor
must be installed at a location in the furnace downstream of the combustion
zone.
E) For a boiler or process
heater having a design heat input capacity greater than or equal to 44 MW, a
monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure a parameters
that indicates good combustion operating practices are being used.
F) For a condenser, either:
i) A monitoring device equipped with a
continuous recorder to measure the concentration level of the organic compounds
in the exhaust vent stream from the condenser; or
ii) A temperature monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder. The device must be capable of monitoring
temperature with an accuracy of ±1 percent of the temperature being
monitored in °C or ±0.5°C, whichever is greater. The temperature
sensor must be installed at a location in the exhaust vent stream from the
condenser exit (i.e., product side).
G) For a carbon adsorption system that
regenerates the carbon bed directly in the control device such as a fixed-bed
carbon adsorber, either:
i) A monitoring
device equipped with a continuous recorder to measure the concentration level
of the organic compounds in the exhaust vent stream from the carbon bed;
or
ii) A monitoring device equipped
with a continuous recorder to measure a parameter that indicates the carbon bed
is regenerated on a regular, predetermined time cycle.
3) Inspect the readings from each
monitoring device required by subsections (f)(1) and (f)(2) at least once each
operating day to check control device operation and, if necessary, immediately
implement the corrective measures necessary to ensure the control device
operates in compliance with the requirements of this Section.
g) A remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats hazardous secondary material in a hazardous
secondary material management unit using a carbon adsorption system such as a
fixed-bed carbon adsorber that regenerates the carbon bed directly onsite in
the control device must replace the existing carbon in the control device with
fresh carbon at a regular, predetermined time interval that is no longer than
the carbon service life established as a requirement of Section
721.935(b)(4)(C)(vi).
h) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats hazardous secondary material in a hazardous secondary material
management unit using a carbon adsorption system such as a carbon canister that
does not regenerate the carbon bed directly onsite in the control device must
replace the existing carbon in the control device with fresh carbon on a
regular basis by using one of the following procedures:
1) Monitor the concentration level of the
organic compounds in the exhaust vent stream from the carbon adsorption system
on a regular schedule, and replace the existing carbon with fresh carbon
immediately when carbon breakthrough is indicated. The monitoring frequency
must be daily or at an interval no greater than 20 percent of the time required
to consume the total carbon working capacity established as a requirement of
Section
721.935(b)(4)(C)(vii),
whichever is longer.
2) Replace the
existing carbon with fresh carbon at a regular, predetermined time interval
that is less than the design carbon replacement interval established as a
requirement of Section
721.935(b)(4)(C)(vii).
i) An alternative operational or process
parameter may be monitored if it can be demonstrated that another parameter
will ensure that the control device is operated in conformance with these
standards and the control device's design specifications.
j) A remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats hazardous secondary material at an affected facility seeking
to comply with the provisions of this part by using a control device other than
a thermal vapor incinerator, catalytic vapor incinerator, flare, boiler,
process heater, condenser, or carbon adsorption system is required to develop
documentation including sufficient information to describe the control device
operation and identify the process parameter or parameters that indicate proper
operation and maintenance of the control device.
k) A closed-vent system must meet either of
the following design requirements:
1) A
closed-vent system must be designed to operate with no detectable emissions, as
indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above background as
determined by the procedure in Section
721.934(b),
and by visual inspections; or
2) A
closed-vent system must be designed to operate at a pressure below atmospheric
pressure. The system must be equipped with at least one pressure gauge or other
pressure measurement device that can be read from a readily accessible location
to verify that negative pressure is being maintained in the closed-vent system
when the control device is operating.
l) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must monitor and inspect each
closed-vent system required to comply with this section to ensure proper
operation and maintenance of the closed-vent system by implementing the
following requirements:
1) Each closed-vent
system that is used to comply with subsection (k)(1) must be inspected and
monitored in accordance with the following requirements:
A) An initial leak detection monitoring of
the closed-vent system must be conducted by the remanufacturer or other person
that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material on or before the date
that the system becomes subject to this section. The remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must monitor the
closed-vent system components and connections using the procedures specified in
Section
721.934(b)
to demonstrate that the closed-vent system operates with no detectable
emissions, as indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 ppmv above
background.
B) After initial leak
detection monitoring required in subsection (l)(1)(A), the remanufacturer or
other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must
inspect and monitor the closed-vent system as follows:
i) Closed-vent system joints, seams, or other
connections that are permanently or semi-permanently sealed (e.g., a welded
joint between two sections of hard piping or a bolted and gasketed ducting
flange) must be visually inspected at least once per year to check for defects
that could result in air pollutant emissions. The remanufacturer or other
person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must monitor a
component or connection using the procedures specified in Section
721.934(b)
to demonstrate that it operates with no detectable emissions following any time
the component is repaired or replaced (e.g., a section of damaged hard piping
is replaced with new hard piping) or the connection is unsealed (e.g., a flange
is unbolted).
ii) Closed-vent
system components or connections other than those specified in subsection
(l)(1)(B)(i) must be monitored annually and at other times as requested by the
Agency, except as provided for in subsection (o), using the procedures
specified in Section
721.934(b)
to demonstrate that the components or connections operate with no detectable
emissions. The Agency must make any request for monitoring in writing to the
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material.
C) In the event
that a defect or leak is detected, the remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must repair the defect or
leak in accordance with the requirements of subsection (l)(3).
D) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must maintain a record of the
inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements specified in
Section 721.935.
2) Each
closed-vent system that is used to comply with subsection (k)(2) must be
inspected and monitored in accordance with the following requirements:
A) The closed-vent system must be visually
inspected by the remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the
hazardous secondary material to check for defects that could result in air
pollutant emissions. Defects include, but are not limited to, visible cracks,
holes, or gaps in ductwork or piping or loose connections.
B) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must perform an initial
inspection of the closed-vent system on or before the date that the system
becomes subject to this Section. Thereafter, the remanufacturer or other person
that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must perform the
inspections at least once every year.
C) In the event that a defect or leak is
detected, the remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the
hazardous secondary material must repair the defect in accordance with the
requirements of subsection (l)(3).
D) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must maintain a record of the
inspection and monitoring in accordance with the requirements specified in
Section 721.935.
3) The
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material must repair all detected defects as follows:
A) Detectable emissions, as indicated by
visual inspection, or by an instrument reading greater than 500 ppmv above
background, must be controlled as soon as practicable, but not later than 15
calendar days after the emission is detected, except as provided for in
subsection (l)(3)(C).
B) A first
attempt at repair must be made no later than 5 calendar days after the emission
is detected.
C) Delay of repair of
a closed-vent system for which leaks have been detected is allowed if the
repair is technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown, or if the
remanufacturer or other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary
material determines that emissions resulting from immediate repair would be
greater than the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair.
Repair of such equipment must be completed by the end of the next process unit
shutdown.
D) The remanufacturer or
other person that stores or treats the hazardous secondary material must
maintain a record of the defect repair in accordance with the requirements
specified in Section 721.935.
m) Closed-vent systems and control devices
used to comply with provisions of this Subpart AA must be operated at all times
when emissions may be vented to them.
n) The owner or operator using a carbon
adsorption system to control air pollutant emissions must document that all
carbon that is a hazardous waste and that is removed from the control device is
managed in one of the following manners, regardless of the average volatile
organic concentration of the carbon:
1)
Regenerated or reactivated in a thermal treatment unit that meets one of the
following:
A) The owner or operator of the
unit has been issued a final permit under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 702, 703, and 705
that implements the requirements of Subpart X;
B) The unit is equipped with and operating
air emission controls in accordance with the applicable requirements of
Subparts AA and CC or Subparts AA and CC of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 725; or
C) The unit is equipped with and operating
air emission controls in accordance with a national emission standard for
hazardous air pollutants under 40 CFR 61 (National Emission Standards for
Hazardous Air Pollutants) or 40 CFR 63 (National Emission Standards for
Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories), each incorporated by reference
in 35 Ill. Adm. Code
720.111(b).
2) Incinerated in a hazardous waste
incinerator for which the owner or operator either:
A) Has been issued a final permit under 35
Ill. Adm. Code 702, 703, and 705 that implements the requirements of Subpart O;
or
B) Has designed and operates the
incinerator in accordance with the interim status requirements of Subpart O of
35 Ill. Adm. Code 725.
3)
Burned in a boiler or industrial furnace for which the owner or operator
either:
A) Has been issued a final permit
under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 702, 703, and 705 that implements the requirements of
Subpart H of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 726; or
B) Has designed and operates the boiler or
industrial furnace in accordance with the interim status requirements of
Subpart H of 35 Ill. Adm. Code 726.
o) Any components of a closed-vent system
that are designated, as described in Section
721.935(c)(9),
as unsafe to monitor are exempt from the requirements of subsection
(l)(1)(B)(ii) if both of the following conditions are fulfilled:
1) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material in a hazardous secondary
material management unit using a closed-vent system determines that the
components of the closed-vent system are unsafe to monitor because monitoring
personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying
with subsection (l)(1)(B)(ii); and
2) The remanufacturer or other person that
stores or treats the hazardous secondary material in a hazardous secondary
material management unit using a closed-vent system adheres to a written plan
that requires monitoring the closed-vent system components using the procedure
specified in subsection (l)(1)(B)(ii) as frequently as practicable during
safe-to-monitor times.