Illinois Administrative Code
Title 35 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Part 225 - CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM LARGE COMBUSTION SOURCES
Subpart A - GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 225.130 - Definitions
Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 38, September 20, 2024
The following definitions apply for the purposes of this Part. Unless otherwise defined in this Section or a different meaning for a term is clear from its context, the terms used in this Part have the meanings specified in 35 Ill. Adm. Code 211.
"Agency" means the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. [415 ILCS 5/3.105]
"Averaging demonstration" means, with regard to Subpart B of this Part, a demonstration of compliance that is based on the combined performance of EGUs at two or more sources.
"Base Emission Rate" means, for a group of EGUs subject to emission standards for NOx and SO2 pursuant to Section 225.233, the average emission rate of NOx or SO2 from the EGUs, in pounds per million Btu heat input, for calendar years 2003 through 2005 (or, for seasonal NOx, the 2003 through 2005 ozone seasons), as determined from the data collected and quality assured by the USEPA, pursuant to the 40 CFR 72 and 96 federal Acid Rain and NOx Budget Trading Programs, for the emissions and heat input of that group of EGUs.
"Board" means the Illinois Pollution Control Board. [415 ILCS 5/3.130]
"Boiler" means an enclosed fossil or other fuel-fired combustion device used to produce heat and to transfer heat to recirculating water, steam, or other medium.
"Bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit" means a cogeneration unit in which the energy input to the unit is first used to produce useful thermal energy and at least some of the reject heat from the useful thermal energy application or process is then used for electricity production.
"CAIR authorized account representative" means, for the purpose of general accounts, a responsible natural person who is authorized, in accordance with 40 CFR 96, subparts BB, FF, BBB, FFF, BBBB, and FFFF to transfer and otherwise dispose of CAIR NOx, SO2, and NOx Ozone Season allowances, as applicable, held in the CAIR NOx, SO2, and NOx Ozone Season general account, and for the purpose of a CAIR NOx compliance account, a CAIR SO2 compliance account, or a CAIR NOx Ozone Season compliance account, the CAIR designated representative of the source.
"CAIR designated representative" means, for a CAIR NOx source, a CAIR SO2 source, and a CAIR NOx Ozone Season source and each CAIR NOx unit, CAIR SO2 unit and CAIR NOx Ozone Season unit at the source, the natural person who is authorized by the owners and operators of the source and all such units at the source, in accordance with 40 CFR 96, subparts BB, FF, BBB, FFF, BBBB, and FFFF as applicable, to represent and legally bind each owner and operator in matters pertaining to the CAIR NOx Annual Trading Program, CAIR SO2 Trading Program, and CAIR NOx Ozone Season Trading Program, as applicable. For any unit that is subject to one or more of the following programs: CAIR NOx Annual Trading Program, CAIR SO2 Trading Program, CAIR NOx Ozone Season Trading Program, or the federal Acid Rain Program, the designated representative for the unit must be the same natural person for all programs applicable to the unit.
"Coal" means any solid fuel classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank D388-77, 90, 91, 95, 98a, or 99 (Reapproved 2004).
"Coal-derived fuel" means any fuel (whether in a solid, liquid or gaseous state) produced by the mechanical, thermal, or chemical processing of coal.
"Coal-fired" means:
For purposes of Subpart B, or for purposes of allocating allowances under Sections 225.435, 225.445, 225.535, and 225.545, combusting any amount of coal or coal-derived fuel, alone or in combination with any amount of any other fuel, during a specified year;
Except as provided above, combusting any amount of coal or coal-derived fuel, alone or in combination with any amount of any other fuel.
"Cogeneration unit" means, for the purposes of Subparts C, D, and E, a stationary, fossil fuel-fired boiler or a stationary, fossil fuel-fired combustion turbine of which both of the following conditions are true:
It uses equipment to produce electricity and useful thermal energy for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes through the sequential use of energy; and
It produces either of the following during the 12-month period beginning on the date the unit first produces electricity and during any subsequent calendar year after that in which the unit first produces electricity:
For a topping-cycle cogeneration unit, both of the following:
Useful thermal energy not less than five percent of total energy output; and
Useful power that, when added to one-half of useful thermal energy produced, is not less than 42.5 percent of total energy input, if useful thermal energy produced is 15 percent or more of total energy output, or not less than 45 percent of total energy input if useful thermal energy produced is less than 15 percent of total energy output; or
For a bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit, useful power not less than 45 percent of total energy input.
"Combined cycle system" means a system comprised of one or more combustion turbines, heat recovery steam generators, and steam turbines configured to improve overall efficiency of electricity generation or steam production.
"Combustion turbine" means:
An enclosed device comprising a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine and in which the flue gas resulting from the combustion of fuel in the combustor passes through the turbine, rotating the turbine; and
If the enclosed device described in the above paragraph of this definition is combined cycle, any associated duct burner, heat recovery steam generator and steam turbine.
"Commence commercial operation" means, for the purposes of Subpart B of this Part, with regard to an EGU that serves a generator, to have begun to produce steam, gas, or other heated medium used to generate electricity for sale or use, including test generation. Such date must remain the unit's date of commencement of operation even if the EGU is subsequently modified, reconstructed or repowered. For the purposes of Subparts C, D and E, "commence commercial operation" is as defined in Section 225.150.
"Commence construction" means, for the purposes of Section 225.460(f), 225.470, 225.560(f), and 225.570, that the owner or owner's designee has obtained all necessary preconstruction approvals (e.g., zoning) or permits and either has:
Begun, or caused to begin, a continuous program of actual on-site construction of the source, to be completed within a reasonable time; or
Entered into binding agreements or contractual obligations, which cannot be cancelled or modified without substantial loss to the owner or operator, to undertake a program of actual construction of the source to be completed within a reasonable time.
For purposes of this definition:
"Construction" shall be determined as any physical change or change in the method of operation, including but not limited to fabrication, erection, installation, demolition, or modification of projects eligible for CASA allowances, as set forth in Sections 225.460 and 225.560.
"A reasonable time" shall be determined considering but not limited to the following factors: the nature and size of the project, the extent of design engineering, the amount of off-site preparation, whether equipment can be fabricated or can be purchased, when the project begins (considering both the seasonal nature of the construction activity and the existence of other projects competing for construction labor at the same time, the place of the environmental permit in the sequence of corporate and overall governmental approval), and the nature of the project sponsor (e.g., private, public, regulated).
"Commence operation", for purposes of Subparts C, D and E, means:
To have begun any mechanical, chemical, or electronic process, including, for the purpose of a unit, start-up of a unit's combustion chamber, except as provided in 40 CFR 96.105, 96.205, or 96.305, as incorporated by reference in Section 225.140.
For a unit that undergoes a physical change (other than replacement of the unit by a unit at the same source) after the date the unit commences operation as set forth in the first paragraph of this definition, such date will remain the date of commencement of operation of the unit, which will continue to be treated as the same unit.
For a unit that is replaced by a unit at the same source (e.g., repowered), after the date the unit commences operation as set forth in the first paragraph of this definition, such date will remain the replaced unit's date of commencement of operation, and the replacement unit will be treated as a separate unit with a separate date for commencement of operation as set forth in this definition as appropriate.
"Common stack" means a single flue through which emissions from two or more units are exhausted.
"Compliance account" means:
For the purposes of Subparts D and E, a CAIR NOx Allowance Tracking System account, established by USEPA for a CAIR NOx source or CAIR NOx Ozone Season source pursuant to 40 CFR 96, subparts FF and FFFF in which any CAIR NOx allowance or CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowance allocations for the CAIR NOx units or CAIR NOx Ozone Season units at the source are initially recorded and in which are held any CAIR NOx or CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowances available for use for a control period in order to meet the source's CAIR NOx or CAIR NOx Ozone Season emissions limitations in accordance with Sections 225.410 and 225.510, and 40 CFR 96.154 and 96.354, as incorporated by reference in Section 225.140. CAIR NOx allowances may not be used for compliance with the CAIR NOx Ozone Season Trading Program and CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowances may not be used for compliance with the CAIR NOx Annual Trading Program; or
For the purposes of Subpart C, a "compliance account" means a CAIR SO2 compliance account, established by the USEPA for a CAIR SO2 source pursuant to 40 CFR 96, subpart FFF, in which any SO2 units at the source are initially recorded and in which are held any SO2 allowances available for use for a control period in order to meet the source's CAIR SO2 emissions limitations in accordance with Section 225.310 and 40 CFR 96.254, as incorporated by reference in Section 225.140.
"Control period" means:
For the CAIR SO2 and NOx Annual Trading Programs in Subparts C and D, the period beginning January 1 of a calendar year, except as provided in Sections 225.310(d)(3) and 225.410(d)(3), and ending on December 31 of the same year, inclusive; or
For the CAIR NOx Ozone Season Trading Program in Subpart E, the period beginning May 1 of a calendar year, except as provided in Section 225.510(d)(3), and ending on September 30 of the same year, inclusive.
"Electric generating unit" or "EGU" means a fossil fuel-fired stationary boiler, combustion turbine or combined cycle system that serves a generator that has a nameplate capacity greater than 25 MWe and produces electricity for sale.
"Excepted monitoring system" means a sorbent trap monitoring system, as defined in this Section.
"Flue" means a conduit or duct through which gases or other matter is exhausted to the atmosphere.
"Fossil fuel" means natural gas, petroleum, coal, or any form of solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from such material.
"Fossil fuel-fired" means the combusting of any amount of fossil fuel, alone or in combination with any other fuel in any calendar year.
"Generator" means a device that produces electricity.
"Gross electrical output" means the total electrical output from an EGU before making any deductions for energy output used in any way related to the production of energy. For an EGU generating only electricity, the gross electrical output is the output from the turbine/generator set.
"Heat input" means, for the purposes of Subparts C, D, and E, a specified period of time, the product (in mmBtu/hr) of the gross calorific value of the fuel (in Btu/lb) divided by 1,000,000 Btu/mmBtu and multiplied by the fuel feed rate into a combustion device (in lb of fuel/time), as measured, recorded and reported to USEPA by the CAIR designated representative and determined by USEPA in accordance with 40 CFR 96, subpart HH, HHH, or HHHH, if applicable, and excluding the heat derived from preheated combustion air, recirculated flue gases, or exhaust from other sources.
"Higher heating value" or "HHV" means the total heat liberated per mass of fuel burned (Btu/lb), when fuel and dry air at standard conditions undergo complete combustion and all resultant products are brought to their standard states at standard conditions.
"Input mercury" means the mass of mercury that is contained in the coal combusted within an EGU.
"Integrated gasification combined cycle" or "IGCC" means a coal-fired electric utility steam generating unit that burns a synthetic gas derived from coal in a combined-cycle gas turbine. No coal is directly burned in the unit during operation.
"Long-term cold storage" means the complete shutdown of a unit intended to last for an extended period of time (at least two calendar years) where notice for long-term cold storage is provided under 40 CFR 75.61(a)(7).
"Nameplate capacity" means, starting from the initial installation of a generator, the maximum electrical generating output (in MWe) that the generator is capable of producing on a steady-state basis and during continuous operation (when not restricted by seasonal or other deratings) as of such installation as specified by the manufacturer of the generator or, starting from the completion of any subsequent physical change in the generator resulting in an increase in the maximum electrical generating output (in MWe) that the generator is capable of producing on a steady-state basis and during continuous operation (when not restricted by seasonal or other deratings), such increased maximum amount as of completion as specified by the person conducting the physical change.
"NIST traceable elemental mercury standards" means either:
1) Compressed gas cylinders having known concentrations of elemental mercury, which have been prepared according to the "EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and Certification of Gaseous Calibration Standards"; or
2) Calibration gases having known concentrations of elemental mercury, produced by a generator that fully meets the performance requirements of the "EPA Traceability Protocol for Qualification and Certification of Elemental Mercury Gas Generators, or an interim version of that protocol until such time as a final protocol is issued."
"NIST traceable source of oxidized mercury" means a generator that is capable of providing known concentrations of vapor phase mercuric chloride (HgCl2), and that fully meets the performance requirements of the "EPA Traceability Protocol for Qualification and Certification of Oxidized Mercury Gas Generators, or an interim version of that protocol until such time as a final protocol is issued."
"Oil-fired unit" means a unit combusting fuel oil for more than 15.0 percent of the annual heat input in a specified year and not qualifying as coal-fired.
"Output-based emission standard" means, for the purposes of Subpart B of this Part, a maximum allowable rate of emissions of mercury per unit of gross electrical output from an EGU.
"Potential electrical output capacity" means 33 percent of a unit's maximum design heat input, expressed in mmBtu/hr divided by 3.413 mmBtu/MWh, and multiplied by 8,760 hr/yr.
"Project sponsor" means a person or an entity, including but not limited to the owner or operator of an EGU or a not-for-profit group, that provides the majority of funding for an energy efficiency and conservation, renewable energy, or clean technology project as listed in Sections 225.460 and 225.560, unless another person or entity is designated by a written agreement as the project sponsor for the purpose of applying for NOx allowances or NOx Ozone Season allowances from the CASA.
"Rated-energy efficiency" means the percentage of thermal energy input that is recovered as useable energy in the form of gross electrical output, useful thermal energy, or both that is used for heating, cooling, industrial processes, or other beneficial uses as follows:
For electric generators, rated-energy efficiency is calculated as one kilowatt hour (3,413 Btu) of electricity divided by the unit's design heat rate using the higher heating value of the fuel, and expressed as a percentage.
For combined heat and power projects, rated-energy efficiency is calculated using the following formula:
|
REE |
= |
((GO + UTE)/HI) a 100 |
Where:
|
REE |
= |
Rated-energy efficiency, expressed as percentage. |
|
GO |
= |
Gross electrical output of the system expressed in Btu/hr. |
|
UTE |
= |
Useful thermal output from the system that is used for heating, cooling, industrial processes or other beneficial uses, expressed in Btu/hr. |
|
HI |
= |
Heat input, based upon the higher heating value of fuel, in Btu/hr. |
"Repowered" means, for the purposes of an EGU, replacement of a coal-fired boiler with one of the following coal-fired technologies at the same source as the coal-fired boiler:
Atmospheric or pressurized fluidized bed combustion;
Integrated gasification combined cycle;
Magnetohydrodynamics;
Direct and indirect coal-fired turbines;
Integrated gasification fuel cells; or
As determined by the USEPA in consultation with the United States Department of Energy, a derivative of one or more of the technologies under this definition and any other coal-fired technology capable of controlling multiple combustion emissions simultaneously with improved boiler or generation efficiency and with significantly greater waste reduction relative to the performance of technology in widespread commercial use as of January 1, 2005.
"Rolling 12-month basis" means, for the purposes of Subpart B of this Part, a determination made on a monthly basis from the relevant data for a particular calendar month and the preceding 11 calendar months (total of 12 months of data), with two exceptions. For determinations involving one EGU, calendar months in which the EGU does not operate (zero EGU operating hours) must not be included in the determination, and must be replaced by a preceding month or months in which the EGU does operate, so that the determination is still based on 12 months of data. For determinations involving two or more EGUs, calendar months in which none of the EGUs covered by the determination operates (zero EGU operating hours) must not be included in the determination, and must be replaced by preceding months in which at least one of the EGUs covered by the determination does operate, so that the determination is still based on 12 months of data.
"Sorbent Trap Monitoring System" means the equipment required by Appendix B of this Part for the continuous monitoring of Hg emissions, using paired sorbent traps containing iodated charcoal (IC) or other suitable reagents. This excepted monitoring system consists of a probe, the paired sorbent traps, an umbilical line, moisture removal components, an air tight sample pump, a gas flow meter, and an automated data acquisition and handling system. The monitoring system samples the stack gas at a rate proportional to the stack gas volumetric flowrate. The sampling is a batch process. Using the sample volume measured by the gas flow meter and the results of the analyses of the sorbent traps, the average mercury concentration in the stack gas for the sampling period is determined in units of micrograms per dry standard cubic meter (µg/dscm). Mercury mass emissions for each hour in the sampling period are calculated using the average Hg concentration for that period, in conjunction with contemporaneous hourly measurements of the stack gas flow rate, corrected for the stack moisture content.
"Total energy output" means, with respect to a cogeneration unit, the sum of useful power and useful thermal energy produced by the cogeneration unit.
"Useful thermal energy" means, for the purpose of a cogeneration unit, the thermal energy that is made available to an industrial or commercial process, excluding any heat contained in condensate return or makeup water:
Used in a heating application (e.g., space heating or domestic hot water heating); or
Used in a space cooling application (e.g., thermal energy used by an absorption chiller).
