Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 38, September 20, 2024
a)
Each owner or operator of an MSW landfill having a design capacity equal to or
greater than 2.5 million Mg and 2.5 million m3, and
a calculated NMOC emission rate equal to or greater than 50 Mg/yr, must install
and operate a gas collection system that meets the requirements of either
subsection (b), (c), (d), or (e) of this Section and:
1) Handles maximum expected gas flow rate
from the entire area of the MSW landfill that warrants control pursuant to
subsection (b)(1)(D) of this Section for the period required in Section
220.250(h)
of this Subpart, as calculated pursuant to Section
220.240(a)
of this Subpart;
2) Collects gas
from each area, cell, or group of cells in the landfill in which the initial
solid waste has been placed for a period of:
A) 5 years or more, if active; or
B) 2 years or more if closed or at final
grade;
3) Is designed to
minimize off-site migration of subsurface gas;
4) Routes all the collected gas to a control
system that complies with the requirements in Section
220.230
of this Subpart; and
5) Collects
and treats gas in accordance with the applicable requirements of 35 Ill. Adm.
Code.Subtitle G.
b)
Active Collection Systems:
1) Active
collection wells, horizontal collectors, surface collectors, or other
extraction devices shall be sited at a sufficient density throughout all gas
producing areas using the following procedures:
A) The collection devices within the interior
and along the perimeter areas shall be designed to achieve comprehensive
control of surface gas emissions.
B) The sites for gas collection devices, as
determined in subsection (b)(1)(A) of this Section, shall address landfill gas
migration issues and augmentation of the collection system through the use of
active or passive systems at the landfill perimeter or exterior.
C) Collect gas at a sufficient extraction
rate, as defined at Section
220.110 of this
Part.
D) The placement of gas
collection devices determined in subsection (b)(1)(A) of this Section shall
control all gas producing areas, except as provided by this subsection
(b)(1)(D).
i) Any segregated area of asbestos
or nondegradable material may be excluded from collection, if documented as
provided under Section
220.280(f)(3)
of this Subpart. The documentation shall provide the nature, date of
deposition, location and amount of asbestos or nondegradable material deposited
in the area, and shall be provided to the Agency upon request.
ii) Any nonproductive area of the landfill
may be excluded from control provided that the total of all excluded areas can
be shown to contribute less than 1 percent of the total amount of NMOC
emissions from the landfill. The amount, location, and age of the material
shall be documented and provided to the Agency upon request. A separate NMOC
emissions estimate shall be made for each section proposed for exclusion, and
the sum of all such sections shall be compared to the NMOC emissions estimate
for the entire landfill, as calculated pursuant to Section
220.260
of this Subpart. Emissions from each section shall be computed using the
following equation:
|
Qi
|
=
|
2kLoMi(e-kti)(CNMOC)(3.6
x 10-9)
|
where:
|
Qi
|
=
|
NMOC emission rate from the
ith section, Mg/yr
|
|
k
|
=
|
methane generation rate constant,
yr-1
|
|
Lo
|
=
|
methane generation potential,
m3 per Mg solid waste
|
|
Mi
|
=
|
mass of degradable solid waste in the
ith section, years
|
|
ti
|
=
|
age of the solid waste in the
ith section, years
|
|
CNMOC
|
=
|
concentration of NMOC, ppmv
|
|
3.6x10-9
|
=
|
Conversion factor
|
The values for k and CNMOC
determined in field testing shall be used, if field testing has been performed
in determining the NMOC emission rate or the radii of influence (the distance
from the well center to a point in the landfill where the pressure gradient
applied by the blower or compressor approaches zero). If field testing has not
been performed, the default values for k, Lo, and
CNMOC provided in Section
220.260(a)(1)
of this Subpart shall be used. The mass of nondegradable solid waste contained
within the given section may be subtracted from the total mass of the section
when estimating emissions, provided the nature, location, age and amount of the
nondegradable material is documented.
2) The gas collection devices shall be
constructed using the following equipment or procedures:
A) The landfill gas extraction components
shall be constructed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), high density polyethylene
(HDPE) pipe, fiberglass, stainless steel, or other nonporous corrosion
resistant material of suitable dimensions to convey projected amounts of gases;
withstand installation, static, and settlement forces; and withstand planned
overburden or traffic loads. The collection system shall extend as necessary to
comply with emission and migration standards. Collection devices, such as wells
and horizontal collectors, shall be perforated to allow gas entry without head
loss sufficient to impair performance across the intended extent of control.
Perforations shall be situated with regard to the need to prevent excessive air
infiltration.
B) Vertical wells
shall be placed so as not to endanger underlying liners and shall address the
occurrence of water within the landfill. Holes and trenches constructed for
piped wells and horizontal collectors shall be of sufficient cross-section so
as to allow for their proper construction and completion including, for
example, centering of pipes and placement of gravel backfill. Collection
devices shall be designed so as not to allow indirect short circuiting of air
into the cover, refuse into the collection system or gas into the air. Any
gravel used around pipe perforations should be of a dimension so as not to
penetrate or block perforations.
C)
Collection devices may be connected to the collection header pipes below or
above the landfill surface. The connector assembly shall include a positive
closing throttle valve, any necessary seals and couplings, access couplings and
at least one sampling port. The collection devices shall be constructed of PVC,
HDPE, fiberglass, stainless steel, or other nonporous material of suitable
thickness.
3) The
landfill gas shall be conveyed to a gas control system through the collection
header pipe(s). The gas mover equipment shall be sized to handle the maximum
gas generation flow rate expected for the period of intended use pursuant to
Section
220.250(h)
of this Subpart using the following procedures:
A) For existing gas collection systems, the
flow data shall be used to project the maximum flow rate. If no flow data
exists, the procedures in subsection (b)(3)(B) of this Section shall be
used.
B) For new gas collection
systems, the maximum flow rate shall be in accordance with Section
220.240(a)
of this Subpart.
c) Passive Collection Systems:
1) A passive collection system shall be
installed with liners on the bottom and all sides in all areas in which gas is
to be collected. The liners shall meet all requirements specified in 35 Ill.
Adm. Code
811.306.
2) The collection and control system shall
either conform with the specifications for active collection systems in
subsection (a) of this Section or the owner or operator must obtain the
Agency's approval for alternate provisions as provided for in subsection (d) of
this Section.
d)
Alternate Collection Systems:
An owner or operator seeking to install an alternate gas
collection system shall demonstrate to the Agency that such collection system
is capable of capturing the maximum expected gas flow rate from the entire area
of the MSW landfill, for the period required in Section
220.250(h)
of this Subpart, as calculated pursuant to Section
220.240(a)
of this Subpart, and in an equivalent manner to that required by this Section.
Any alternate gas collection system must be approved by the Agency. Such
alternate shall be effective only when included in a federally enforceable
permit or approved as a SIP revision. The alternate shall include any alternate
procedures for collection, control, compliance, monitoring, operation, testing,
reporting, and recordkeeping that are appropriate.
e) Alternate Emissions Standard:
Pursuant to Section 28.1 of the Act [415 ILCS
5/28.1] , and in accordance with 35 Ill. Adm. Code
106, Subpart G, provisions for adjusted standards, adjusted standards for
alternate emissions standards or alternate emissions standards with an
alternate compliance schedule shall be granted by the Board, to the extent
consistent with federal law. An owner or operator seeking an alternate
emissions standard or an alternate emissions standard with an alternate
compliance schedule must demonstrate to the Board that, with respect to the MSW
landfill, the control requirements meet one or more of the criteria listed in
this subsection (e) pursuant to
40 CFR
60.24(f). Any such request
must be approved by the Board. Such alternate shall be effective only when
included in a federally enforceable permit or approved as a SIP revision. Any
alternate shall include any procedures for collection, control, compliance,
monitoring, operation, testing, reporting and recordkeeping that are
appropriate and a demonstration that the control requirements, as contained in
this Subpart, as they apply to the MSW landfill, meet one or more of the
following criteria:
1) Unreasonable
cost of control resulting from plant age, location, or basic process
design;
2) Physical impossibility
of installing necessary control equipment; or
3) Other factors specific to the MSW landfill
that support an alternate emissions standard or alternate emissions standard
with final compliance date.
