Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 38, September 20, 2024
a) General
Requirements
1) Each PAL permit must contain
enforceable requirements for the monitoring system that accurately determines
plantwide emissions of the PAL pollutant in terms of mass per unit of time, or
in CO2e per unit of time for a GHG PAL. Any monitoring
system authorized for use in the PAL permit must be based on sound science and
meet generally acceptable scientific procedures for data quality and
manipulation. Additionally, the information generated by such system must meet
minimum legal requirements for admissibility in a judicial proceeding to
enforce the PAL permit.
2) The PAL
monitoring system must employ one or more of the four general monitoring
approaches meeting the minimum requirements set forth in subsection (b) and
must be approved by the Agency.
3)
Notwithstanding subsection (a)(2), the owner or operator may also employ an
alternative monitoring approach that meets subsection (a)(1) if approved by the
Agency.
4) Failure to use a
monitoring system that meets the requirements of this Section renders the PAL
invalid.
b) Minimum
Performance Requirements for Approved Monitoring Approaches. The following are
acceptable general monitoring approaches when conducted in accordance with the
minimum requirements in subsections (c) through (i):
1) Mass balance calculations for activities
using coatings or solvents;
2)
CEMS;
3) CPMS or PEMS;
and
4) Emission factors.
c) Mass Balance Calculations. An
owner or operator using mass balance calculations to monitor PAL pollutant
emissions from activities using coating or solvents shall meet the following
requirements:
1) Provide a demonstrated means
of validating the published content of the PAL pollutant that is contained in
or created by all materials used in or at the emissions unit;
2) Assume that the emissions unit emits all
of the PAL pollutant that is contained in or created by any raw material or
fuel used in or at the emissions unit, if it cannot otherwise be accounted for
in the process; and
3) When the
vendor of a material or fuel, that is used in or at the emissions unit,
publishes a range of pollutant content from that material, the owner or
operator must use the highest value of the range to calculate the PAL pollutant
emissions unless the Agency determines there is site-specific data or a
site-specific monitoring program to support another content within the
range.
d) CEMS. An owner
or operator using CEMS to monitor PAL pollutant emissions shall meet the
following requirements:
1) CEMS must comply
with applicable Performance Specifications found in 40 CFR 60, appendix B
(incorporated by reference in Section
204.100); and
2) CEMS must sample, analyze and record data
at least every 15 minutes while the emissions unit is operating.
e) CPMS or PEMS. An owner or
operator using CPMS or PEMS to monitor PAL pollutant emissions shall meet the
following requirements:
1) The CPMS or the
PEMS must be based on current site-specific data demonstrating a correlation
between the monitored parameter or parameters and the PAL pollutant emissions
across the range of operation of the emissions unit; and
2) Each CPMS or PEMS must sample, analyze,
and record data at least every 15 minutes, or at another less frequent interval
approved by the Agency, while the emissions unit is operating.
f) Emission Factors. An owner or
operator using emission factors to monitor PAL pollutant emissions shall meet
the following requirements:
1) All emission
factors shall be adjusted, if appropriate, to account for the degree of
uncertainty or limitations in the factors' development;
2) The emissions unit shall operate within
the designated range of use for the emission factor, if applicable;
and
3) If technically practicable,
the owner or operator of a significant emissions unit that relies on an
emission factor to calculate PAL pollutant emissions shall conduct validation
testing to determine a site-specific emission factor within 6 months after PAL
permit issuance, unless the Agency determines that testing is not
required.
g) A source
owner or operator must record and report maximum potential emissions without
considering enforceable emission limitations or operational restrictions for an
emissions unit during any period of time that there is no monitoring data,
unless another method for determining emissions during those periods is
specified in the PAL permit.
h)
Notwithstanding the requirements of subsections (c) through (g), when an owner
or operator of an emissions unit cannot demonstrate a correlation between the
monitored parameter or parameters and the PAL pollutant emissions rate at all
operating points of the emissions unit, the Agency shall, at the time of permit
issuance:
1) Establish a default value or
values for determining compliance with the PAL based on the highest potential
emissions reasonably estimated at the operating point or points; or
2) Determine that operation of the emissions
unit during operating conditions when there is no correlation between monitored
parameter or parameters and the PAL pollutant emissions is a violation of the
PAL.
i) Revalidation.
All data used to establish the PAL pollutant must be revalidated through
performance testing or other scientifically valid means approved by the Agency.
The testing must occur at least once every 5 years after issuance of the
PAL.
