Hawaii Administrative Rules
Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS
Chapter 20 - RULES RELATING TO PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS
Section 11-20-7 - Maximum contaminant levels for radionuclides
Current through February, 2024
(a) (Reserved)
(b) MCL for combined radium-226 and -228 The maximum contaminant level for combined radium-226 and radium-228 is 5 pCi/L. The combined radium-226 and radium-228 value is determined by the addition of the results of the analysis for radium-226 and the analysis for radium-228.
(c) MCL for gross alpha particle activity (excluding radon and uranium). The maximum contaminant level for gross alpha particle activity (including radium-226 but excluding radon and uranium) is 15 pCi/L.
(d) MCL for beta particle and photon radioactivity.
Table A - Average annual concentrations assumed to produce: a total body or organ dose of 4 mrem/yr |
||
Radionuclide |
Critical Organ |
pCi per Liter |
Tritium |
Total body |
20,000 |
Strontium-90 |
Bone Marrow |
8 |
(e) MCL for uranium. The maximum contaminant level for uranium is 30 "g/L.
(f) Compliance dates.
(g) Best available technologies (BATs) for radionuclides. The Administrator, pursuant to section 1412 of the Act, hereby identifies as indicated in the following table the best technology available for achieving compliance with the maximum contaminant levels for combined radium-226 and -228, uranium, gross alpha particle activity, and beta particle and photon activity.
Table B - BAT for combined Radium-226 and Radium-228, Uranium, Gross Alpha Particle Activity, and Beta Particle And Photo Radioactivity |
|
Contaminant |
BAT |
Combined radium-226 and radium-228 |
Ion exchange, reverse osmosis, lime softening |
Uranium |
Ion exchange, reverse osmosis, lime softening, coagulation/filtration |
Gross alpha particle activity (excluding radon and uranium) |
Reverse osmosis |
Beta particle and photon radioactivity |
Ion exchange, reverse osmosis |
(h) Small systems compliance technologies list for radionuclides are listed in Appendix I of this Chapter.
(i) Compliance technologies by system size, category and radionuclide NPDWR's are listed in Appendix J of this Chapter.