Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 38, September 20, 2024
(a) Scope. This section applies to the
servicing of single, split, and multi-piece rims or wheels used on vehicles
such as forklifts, industrial tractors, trucks, tractors, trailers, busses, and
off-road machines.
EXCEPTION: Automobile or light truck tires ("LT") used
on light pickups and vans utilizing single piece rims or wheels when a
hold-down cone type tire inflation system is used in accordance with the
recommendations of the tire manufacturer.
(b) Definitions.
Barrier. A fence, wall or other structure or object
placed between a single, split or multi-piece rim or wheel and employee during
tire inflation, to contain the rim wheel components in the event of a sudden
release of the contained air from the single, split or multi-piece rim or
wheel.
Installing a rim wheel. The transfer and attachment of
an assembled rim wheel onto a vehicle axle hub. Removing means the opposite of
installing. Mounting a Tire. The assembly or putting together the wheel and
tire components to form a rim wheel, including inflation. Demounting means the
opposite of mounting a tire.
Multi-piece rim or wheel. A vehicle rim or wheel
consisting of two or more parts, one of which is a side or locking ring
designed to hold the tire on the rim or wheel by interlocking components when
the tire is inflated.
Restraining device. An apparatus such as a cage, rack,
or assemblage of bars and other components that will constrain all rim wheel
components during an explosive separation of a split rim wheel, multi-piece rim
wheel or during the sudden release of the contained air of a single piece rim
wheel.
Rim manual. A publication or chart containing
instructions, and safety precautions from the manufacturer or other qualified
organization for correct mounting and demounting of tires and safety
precautions for the type of rim or wheel being serviced.
Rim wheel. An assemblage of tire, tube and liner, where
appropriate, and wheel components.
Single piece rim or wheel. A vehicle rim or wheel
consisting of one part, designed to hold the tire on the rim or wheel when the
tire is inflated.
Split rim (divided) wheel. A vehicle wheel or rim where
the inner section and outer section are assembled back to back and secured by
bolts and nuts or other fastening devices. The outer section has additional
holes that align to the vehicle wheel studs and are secured to the wheel hub
with nuts or other approved means of fastening the wheel to the vehicle
hub.
Trajectory. Any potential path or route that a rim
wheel component may travel during an explosive separation, or the sudden
release of the pressurized air. See Appendix A.
(c) Employee Training. The employer shall
establish a training program which shall include, as a minimum, the following
elements:
(1) The Accident Prevention Program
of Section 3203(a).
(2) The employer shall assure that each
employee understands, demonstrates and maintains the ability to service single,
split and multi-piece rims or wheels safely, including performance of the
following tasks:
(A) Demounting of tires
(including deflation).
(B)
Inspection and identification of the rim wheel components.
(C) Mounting of tire (including inflation
with a restraining device or other safeguard required by this
section).
(D) Use of other
equipment required by this section.
(E) Inflation of the tire when a single piece
rim wheel is installed on a vehicle.
(F) An understanding of the necessity of
standing outside the trajectory both during inflation of the tire and during
inspection of the rim wheel following inflation.
(G) Installation and removal of rim wheels
from the vehicle.
(d) Restraining Devices. A safety tire rack,
cage, or equivalent protection shall be provided and used when inflating
mounted tires installed on single piece, split rim or rims equipped with
locking rings or similar devices.
EXCEPTIONS:
(1) Single piece rims or wheels when
installed on the vehicle with the lug nuts fully tightened.
(2) If a tire on a vehicle is under-inflated
but has more than 80% of the manufacturer's recommended load chart pressure,
the tire may be inflated while the wheel is on the vehicle provided remote
control inflation equipment is used, and employees remain outside the
trajectory path during the inflation process.
(e) Restraining devices shall comply with the
following requirements:
(1) Each restraining
device or barrier shall have the capacity to withstand the force that would be
transferred to it during rim or wheel separation occurring at 150 percent of
the maximum tire specification pressure for the type of rim or wheel being
serviced.
(2) Restraining devices
and barriers shall be capable of preventing the rim or wheel components from
being thrown outside or beyond the device or barrier for any rim or wheel
positioned within or behind the device.
(f) Care and Maintenance of Restraining
Devices.
(1) Restraining devices and barriers
shall be visually inspected prior to each day's use and after any separation of
the rim wheel components. Any restraining device or barrier exhibiting damage
such as the following defects shall be immediately removed from service:
(A) Cracks at welds;
(B) Cracked or broken components;
(C) Bent or sprung components caused by
mishandling, abuses, tire explosion or rim wheel separation;
(D) Pitting of components due to
corrosion;
(E) Restraining devices
or barriers requiring structural repair such as component replacement or
rewelding shall be removed from service until they are repaired by either the
manufacturer or a California certified welder in accordance with Section
3326(e).
(g) Wheel Servicing and Mounting.
(1) There shall be available in the service
area a current split and multipiece Rim or Wheel Matching Chart, a Typical Rim
Contours & Marking Location Chart, and current Rim Manual containing
instructions for the proper tools recommended for the type of rim or wheel
being serviced.
NOTE: Other publications providing at least the same
instructions, safety precautions and other information contained in the charts
may be used provided the publications are readily available for reference by
employees.
(2) The employer
shall furnish and assure that only tools recommended in the rim manual for the
type of rims or wheels being serviced are used.
(3) Single, split and multi-piece rim or
wheel components shall be inspected prior to assembly. Any rim or wheel or rim
or wheel component which has been rendered unfit by being bent out of shape,
pitted from corrosion, broken, or cracked shall not be used and shall be marked
or tagged unserviceable and removed from the service area. Damaged or leaky
valves shall be replaced.
(4)
Before making any repairs or welds on rims or wheels, the tire shall be removed
and remain off the rim or wheel until the repair is complete and any welds have
returned to ambient temperature. Any repair involving welding on the rim or
wheel or any of its components shall only be done in accordance with the
manufacturer's specifications.
(h) Demounting Tires.
(1) Split and multi-piece rim tires shall be
completely deflated by removing the valve core. A wire or equivalent device
shall be inserted into the center of the valve stem to ensure no obstruction
exists that would prevent complete deflation, before removal of the wheel from
the axle.
NOTE: This does not apply to tires on rim wheel
assemblies with no obvious or suspected damage to any rim wheel components or
the tire.
(2) No heat shall
be applied to a single, split or multi-piece wheel or wheel component except
that frozen or broken lug nuts may be cut off after the tire is completely
deflated.
NOTE: Subjecting wheels to excessive heat may result in
structural deficiencies. Therefore, care shall be exercised while cutting off
lug nuts to avoid excessive heating of the wheel. Wheels subjected to prolonged
heating shall be removed from service.
(3) Tires shall be completely deflated by
removal of the valve core before demounting.
(i) Mounting Tires and Inflation.
(1) Mounting and demounting of the tire:
(A) Shall be done only from the narrow ledge
side of the wheel.
(B) Care shall
be taken to avoid damaging the tire beads while mounting tires on
wheels.
(C) Tires shall be mounted
only on compatible wheels of matching bead diameter and
width.
(2) Rim flanges,
rim gutters, rings, bead seating surfaces and the bead areas of tire shall be
free of any dirt, surface rust, scale or loose or flaked rubber build-up prior
to mounting and inflation.
(3)
Wheel component acceptability. Multi-piece wheel components shall not be
interchanged except as provided in the charts or in the applicable rim
manual.
(4) Prior to assembly the
size (bead diameter and tire and/or wheel widths) and type of both the tire and
wheel shall be checked and incompatible parts shall not be assembled.
(5) Non-flammable rubber lubricant shall be
applied to bead and rim mating surfaces before assembly of the rim or wheel
unless the tire or wheel manufacturer recommends against it.
(6) Tires shall be inflated in accordance
with Section
3325.
(7) If a bead expander is used, it shall be
removed before the valve core is installed and as soon as the rim or wheel
becomes airtight (the tire bead slips onto the bead seat).
(8) Employees shall be instructed not to take
a position over the tire during inflation and to remain outside the
trajectory.
(9) Except as permitted
in Section 3326(i)(10), tires
shall not be inflated when any flat, solid surface is in the trajectory and
within one foot of the sidewall.
(10) Tires may be inflated outside a
restraining device to a pressure that shall not exceed 5 pounds per square inch
(psi) to force the tire bead onto the rim ledge and create an airtight seal
and/or to assist the seating of the lock rings.
EXCEPTION: Where higher pressures are recommended by
the tire manufacturer.
(11)
Whenever a single, split or multi-piece rim wheel is in a restraining device,
employees shall be instructed not to rest or lean any part of their body or
equipment on or against the restraining device.
(12) Except during the operation described in
Section 3326(i)(10)
employees shall be instructed not to attempt to correct the seating of side and
lock rings by hammering, striking, or forcing the components while the tire is
pressurized.
(13) After tire
inflation, the tire and rim or wheel components shall be inspected before
removal from the restraining device to ensure that they are properly seated and
locked. If further adjustment is necessary, the tire shall be deflated by
removal of the valve core before the adjustment is made.
Appendix A
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NOTE: Employees shall avoid taking a position over the
tire except during the operation described in Section
3326(i)(10).
(j) Installation/Removal of Rim Wheels from
Vehicle Axles.
Tires on unusable or damaged rim wheels shall be
completely deflated by removal of the valve core. A wire or equivalent device
shall be inserted into the center of the valve stem to ensure no obstruction
exists that would prevent complete deflation, before rims are removed from the
axle.
NOTE: Tires on rim wheels with no obvious or suspected
damage to the rim wheel or tire are not required to be deflated prior to
removal from the axle.
1. New
section filed 6-21-72; effective thirtieth day thereafter (Register 72, No.
26).
2. Amendment filed 10-12-84; effective thirtieth day thereafter
(Register 84, No. 41).
3. Amendment filed 10-16-86; effective
thirtieth day thereafter (Register 86, No. 42).
4. Amendment filed
7-2-87; operative 8-1-87 (Register 87, No. 28).
5. Repealer of
subsection (h)(12) and subsection renumbering filed 8-27-93; operative 9-27-93
(Register 93, No. 35).
6. Amendment filed 8-27-97; operative 9-26-97
(Register 97, No. 35).
7. Change without regulatory effect providing
more legible figures 1-3 within appendix A filed 2-9-2009 pursuant to section
100, title 1, California Code of
Regulations (Register 2009, No. 7).
Note: Authority cited: Section
142.3, Labor
Code. Reference: Section
142.3, Labor
Code.
