Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 38, September 20, 2024
(a) Purpose. The California Air Resources
Board recognizes that certain emissions-critical or emissions-related parts
must be properly identified and maintained in order for engines to meet the
applicable emission standards. In addition, the Board recognizes that
information regarding engines' emissions levels may influence consumer choice.
These specifications require engine or equipment manufacturers to affix a label
(or labels) on each production engine (or equipment, as applicable) to provide
the engine or equipment owner and service mechanic with information necessary
for the proper maintenance of these parts in customer use. These specifications
further require engine or equipment manufacturers to make information regarding
relative emissions levels available to potential ultimate purchasers. For
engines used in auxiliary power systems which, in turn, are used to comply with
the diesel-fueled commercial vehicle idling requirements of title 13, CCR,
section 2485(c)(3)(A),
additional labeling requirements for the engine or equipment manufacturers
apply, as set forth in section 35.B.4 of the "California Exhaust Emission
Standards and Test Procedures for 2004 and Subsequent Model Heavy-Duty Diesel
Engines and Vehicles," as incorporated by reference in title 13, CCR, section
1956.8(b).
(b) Applicability. These specifications apply
to
(1) 1995 and later small off-road engines,
that have been certified to the applicable emission standards pursuant to
Health and Safety Code Section
43013.
(2) Engine manufacturers and original
equipment manufacturers, as applicable, that have certified such engines;
and
(3) Original equipment
manufacturers, regardless of whether they have certified the engine, if their
equipment obscures the emissions control label of such certified
engines.
(c) Engine
Label Content and Location.
(1) A plastic or
metal tune-up label must be welded, riveted or otherwise permanently attached
by the engine manufacturer to an area on the engine (i.e., block or crankcase)
in such a way that it will be readily visible to the average person after
installation of the engine in the equipment. If such an attachment is not
feasible, the Executive Officer may allow the label to be attached on
components of the engine or equipment assembly (as applicable) that satisfy the
requirements of Subsection (c)(2). Such labels must be attached on all engine
assemblies (incomplete and complete) that are produced by an engine
manufacturer.
(2) In selecting an
acceptable location, the engine manufacturer must consider the possibility of
accidental damage (e.g., possibility of tools or sharp instruments coming in
contact with the label). Each engine label(s) must be affixed in such a manner
that it cannot be removed without destroying or defacing the label, and must
not be affixed to any engine (or equipment, as applicable) part that is likely
to be replaced during the engine's (or equipment's, as applicable) useful life.
The engine label must not be affixed to any engine (or equipment, as
applicable) component that is easily detached from the engine. If the
manufacturer claims there is inadequate space to affix the label, the Executive
Officer will determine a suitable location.
(3) The engine label information must be
written in the English language and use sans serif letters and numerals that
must be of a color that contrasts with the background of the label.
(4) The engine label must contain the
following information:
(A) The label heading
must read: "Important Engine Information"; or "Important Emissions
Information"; or "Emission Control Information".
(B) The full corporate name or trademark of
the engine manufacturer.
1. An engine
manufacturer may request the Executive Officer's approval to delete its name
and trademark, and substitute the name and trademark of another engine
manufacturer, original equipment manufacturer, or third-party
distributor.
2. Such an approval
does not relieve the engine manufacturer granted an engine family Executive
Order of any requirements imposed on the applicable engines by this
Article.
(C) For
alternate-fuel or dual-fuel engines, "This engine is certified to operate on
(specify operating fuel(s))."
(D)
Identification of the Exhaust Emission Control System. The method utilized to
identify the exhaust emission control systems must conform to the
emission-related nomenclature and abbreviations method provided in SAE J1930,
"Electrical/Electronic Systems Diagnostic Terms, Definitions, Abbreviations and
Acronyms--Equivalent to ISO/TR 15031-2", Revised March 2017, and which is
incorporated by reference in this Article; and as specified in Section
1977, Title 13, California Code of
Regulations.
(E) For otto-cycle
engines, the maintenance specifications and adjustments recommended by the
engine manufacturer, including, as applicable: valve lash, ignition timing,
idle air/fuel mixture setting procedure and value (e.g., idle CO, idle speed
drop), and high idle speed. For diesel-cycle engines, the specifications and
adjustments recommended by the engine manufacturer, including, as applicable:
initial injection timing, and fuel rate (in
mm3/stroke) at rated power. These specifications
must indicate the proper transmission position, (if applicable), during tune-up
and what accessories, if any, should be in operation, and what systems, if any
(e.g., vacuum advance, air pump), should be disconnected during the tune-up. If
the engine manufacturer does not recommend adjustment of the foregoing
specifications, the engine manufacturer may include in lieu of the
"specifications" the single statement "No other adjustments needed." For all
engines, the instructions for tune-up adjustments must be sufficiently clear on
the engine label to preclude the need for a mechanic or equipment owner to
refer to another document in order to correctly perform the
adjustments.
(F) Any specific fuel
or engine lubricant requirements (e.g., lead content, research octane number,
engine lubricant type).
(G) The
date of engine manufacture (month and year).
(H) An unconditional statement of compliance
with the appropriate calendar year (for 1995-1999) or model year(s) (for 2000
and later) California regulations; for example, "This engine meets 2021
California exh emission regulations for small off-road engines." For engines
certified to emission standards subject to a durability period as set forth in
§
2403(b), the
durability period must be stated in the owner's manual.
(I) Engine displacement (in cubic
centimeters) of the engine upon which the engine label is attached.
(J) The engine family identification (i.e.,
engine family name).
(5)
If there is insufficient space on the engine to accommodate an engine label
that contains all of the information required in Subsection (4) above, the
Executive Officer may allow the engine manufacturer to modify the engine label
as follows:
(A) Exclude the information
required in Subsections (4)(C), (D), (E), (F), and (I) from the engine label.
The fuel or lubricant information must be specified elsewhere on the engine, or
in the owner's manual.
(B)
Substitute the information required in Subsection (4)(E) with the statement:
"Refer to owner's manual for maintenance specifications and adjustments." When
such a statement is used, the information required by Subsection (4)(E) must
appear in the owner's manual.
(C)
Exclude the information required by Subsection (4)(G) on the engine label if
the date the engine was manufactured is stamped permanently on the engine, and
this stamped date is readily visible.
(D) Make such other reasonable modifications
or abbreviations as may be approved by the Executive Officer.
(d) An engine label may
state that the engine conforms to any applicable federal, Canadian, or European
emission standards for new equipment engines; or any other information that the
engine manufacturer deems necessary for, or useful to, the proper operation and
satisfactory maintenance of the engine.
(e) Supplemental Engine Label Content and
Location.
(1) When a final equipment assembly
that is marketed to any ultimate purchaser is manufactured and the engine label
attached by the engine manufacturer is obscured (i.e., not readily visible),
the manufacturer of the final equipment assembly (i.e., original equipment
manufacturer) must attach a supplemental engine label upon the engine or
equipment. The supplemental engine label must be plastic or metal, must meet
the visibility, durability and formatting requirements of paragraphs (f), (g)
and (h), and must be welded, riveted or otherwise attached permanently to an
area of the engine or equipment assembly so as to be readily visible to the
average person.
(2) The original
equipment manufacturer required to attach a supplemental engine label must
consider the possibility of accidental damage to the supplemental engine label
in the determination of the label location. Such a label must not be attached
to any engine or equipment component that is likely to be replaced during the
useful life of the engine or equipment (as applicable). Such a label must not
be attached to any engine or equipment component that is detached easily from
the engine or equipment (as applicable).
(3) The supplemental engine label information
must be written in the English language and use block letters and numerals
(i.e., sans serif, upper-case characters) that must be of a color that
contrasts with the background of the label.
(4) A supplemental engine label must contain
the information as specified in Subsection (c)(4) (and (l), as applicable),
except that the date of engine manufacture specified in (c)(4)(G) may be
deleted from the supplemental engine label. When the date of engine manufacture
does not appear on the supplemental engine label, the responsible original
equipment manufacturer must display (e.g., label, stamp, etc.) the date
elsewhere on the engine or equipment so as to be readily visible.
(f) As used in these
specifications, readily visible to the average person means that a label is
readable from a distance of 46 centimeters (18 inches) without any obstructions
from equipment or engine parts (including all engine manufacturer or original
equipment manufacturer (as applicable) available optional equipment) except for
flexible parts (e.g., vacuum hoses, ignition wires) that can be moved out of
the way without disconnection. Alternatively, information required by these
specifications to be printed on the engine and supplemental engine (as
applicable) must be no smaller than 2 millimeters in height provided that no
equipment or engine parts (including all manufacturer available optional
equipment), except for flexible parts, obstruct the label(s).
(g) The labels and any adhesives used must be
designed to withstand, for the engine's or equipment's useful life, typical
equipment environmental conditions in the area where the labels required by
this section are attached. Typical equipment environmental conditions include,
but are not limited to, exposure to engine fuels, lubricants and coolants
(e.g., gasoline, motor oil, water, ethylene glycol). The engine manufacturer
must submit, with its certification application, a statement attesting that its
labels comply with these requirements.
(h) The engine manufacturer must obtain
approval from the Executive Officer for all label formats and locations in
conjunction with the engine family certification. Approval of the specific
maintenance settings is not required; however, the format for all such settings
and tolerances, if any, is subject to review. If the Executive Officer finds
that the information on the label is vague or subject to misinterpretation, or
that the location does not comply with these specifications, the Executive
Officer may require that the label or its location be modified
accordingly.
(i) Samples of all
actual production labels used within an engine family must be submitted to the
Executive Officer within thirty days after the start of production. Engine
manufacturers must provide samples of their own applicable production labels,
and samples of applicable production original equipment manufacturer labels
that are accessible to the engine manufacturers due to the direct market
arrangement between such manufacturers.
(j) The Executive Officer may approve
alternate label locations or may, upon request, waive or modify the label
content requirements provided that the intent of these specifications is
met.
(k)
(1) If the Executive Officer finds any engine
manufacturer using labels that are different from those approved or that do not
substantially comply with the readability or durability requirements set forth
in these specifications, the engine manufacturer will be subject to revocation
or suspension of Executive Orders for the applicable engine families, or
enjoined from any further sales or distribution, of such noncompliant engine
families, or subgroups within the engine families, in the State of California
pursuant to Section
43017
of the Health and Safety Code. Before seeking to enjoin an engine manufacturer,
the Executive Officer will consider any information provided by the engine
manufacturer.
(2) If the Executive
Officer finds any original equipment manufacturer using labels for which it has
responsibility for attaching that are different from those approved or that do
not substantially comply with the readability or durability requirements set
forth in these specifications, the equipment manufacturer will be subject to
being enjoined from any further sales, or distribution, of the applicable
equipment product line that uses such noncompliant labels in the State of
California pursuant to Section
43017
of the Health and Safety Code. Before seeking to enjoin an equipment
manufacturer, the Executive Officer will consider any information provided by
the equipment manufacturer.
(l) Air Index Label Content and Location. For
engines certified to emission standards subject to a durability period as set
forth in §
2403(b) and for
engines used to meet the requirements of §
2403(c), each
engine manufacturer must make Air Index and durability period information
available to potential ultimate purchasers.
(1) The Air Index for each engine family is
determined by the following formula:
|
Air Index = |
FEL x 3 |
|
Standard |
rounded to the nearest whole number in accordance with ASTM
E 29-93a (May 1993),
where
FEL= the Family Emission Limit (or standard, if averaging
is not being used) for the engine; and
Standard = The HC+NOx emissions
standard, as applicable in §
2403(b).
(2) The emissions durability
period must be indicated by the actual hours, by the descriptive terms shown in
the table below, or by both.
For 2000 through 2004 model year small off-road
engines:
|
Descriptive term |
Applicable to Emissions Durability
Period |
|
Moderate |
50 hours (0-65 cc, inclusive) |
|
125 hours (greater than 65 cc) |
|
Intermediate |
125 hours (0-65 cc, inclusive) |
|
250 hours (greater than 65 cc) |
|
Extended |
300 hours (0-65 cc, inclusive) |
|
500 hours (greater than 65 cc) |
For 2005 through 2023 model year small off-road
engines:
|
Descriptive
term |
Applicable to Emissions Durability
Period |
|
Moderate |
50 hours (0-80 cc, inclusive) |
|
125 hours (greater than 80 cc) |
|
Intermediate |
125 hours (0-80 cc, inclusive) |
|
250 hours (greater than 80 cc) |
|
Extended |
300 hours (0-80 cc, inclusive) |
|
500 hours (greater than 80 cc) |
|
1000 hours (225 cc and greater) |
(3) The Air Index information must include a
graphical representation of the Air Index, information regarding the
significance of the Air Index, and an indication of the emissions durability
period of the engine.
(A) The Air Index
information should be conveyed in the general the form of the following
example.
Click here
to view image
(B) The Executive Officer, upon request, may
waive or modify the form of the Air Index information or may approve
alternative forms, provided that the intent of providing Air Index information
is met.
(4) No earlier
than January 1, 2003, the Executive Officer will conduct a hearing to assess
consumer awareness of Air Index information in purchasing decisions.
(A) At such hearing the Executive Officer
will compare the degree of consumer awareness of Air Index information by
purchasers of engines not meeting specifications (A)-(C) in subsection (l)(5)
to the degree of consumer awareness of Air Index information by purchasers of
engines substantially meeting specifications (A)-(C) of subsection (l)(5). If
the Executive Officer determines that the degree of consumer awareness is
statistically equivalent, the provisions of subsections (l)(1-3) shall remain
in effect and the Executive Officer will not require engine manufacturers to
meet the requirements of subsection (l)(5).
(B) If the Executive Officer determines that
there are insufficient engines meeting specifications (A)-(C) in subsection
(l)(5) to make the above comparison, the Executive Officer will compare the
degree of consumer awareness of Air Index information by purchasers of engines
not meeting specifications (A)-(C) in subsection (l)(5) to other similar
consumer information programs including, but not limited to, the passenger car
Smog Index labeling program. If the Executive Officer determines that the
degree of consumer awareness is statistically equivalent to other similar
consumer information programs, the provisions of subsections (l) (1-3) shall
remain in effect and the Executive Officer will not require engine
manufacturers to meet the requirements of subsection (l)(5).
(C) If the Executive Officer determines that
the degree of consumer awareness is not statistically equivalent under (A) and
(B), then no earlier than at the beginning of the first full model year
following the Executive Officer's final determination, provided that
manufacturers have no less than 9 months of lead time, the Executive Officer
will require engine manufacturers to meet the requirements of subsection
(l)(5).
(5) If the
Executive Officer has made the determination in subsection (l)(4)(C), then the
following requirements apply:
(A) All
information required on the Air Index Label must be no smaller than 2
millimeters in height.
(B) The Air
Index Label must be noticeable from a distance of 150 centimeters (59 inches)
without any obstructions by equipment or engine parts, including all engine
manufacturer or original equipment manufacturer (as applicable) available
optional equipment. For engines that are installed in an engine compartment
that is easily accessible to the ultimate purchaser, this subsection (l)(5)(B)
may be satisfied by a generic label or hang tag stating "Look inside the engine
compartment for important emissions information," or by other means, subject to
the Executive Officer's approval.
(C) The Air Index Label must be located in at
least one of the following locations:
1.
included on the engine label;
2.
included as an additional engine label, designed and intended for removal only
by the ultimate purchaser; or
3.
included as an engine or equipment hang-tag designed or intended for removal
only by the ultimate purchaser;
(D) For engines 0-65 cc (up to 80 cc
beginning with the 2005 model year), inclusive, the engine manufacturer must
also arrange for a label with the engine family's Air Index to be attached to
the equipment packaging.
(E) The
Executive Officer, upon request, may waive or modify the form of the Air Index
Label or may approve alternative forms, sizes or locations, provided that the
intent of the Air Index Label requirement is met.
(6) The labeling and consumer information
provisions of subsection (l) shall not apply to engines that are not the
primary power source of the equipment in which they are installed or to engines
that are installed in equipment that the engine or equipment manufacturer can
demonstrate, to the Executive Officer's reasonable satisfaction, are used
almost exclusively in commercial applications in which consumer information are
not likely to affect a purchasing decision.
(m) Zero-Emission Equipment Label Content and
Placement.
(1) A manufacturer of
zero-emission small off-road equipment has the option to place a label on a
piece of equipment, which has earned zero-emission equipment credits, to
facilitate identification of such equipment by the ultimate purchaser that the
equipment was certified as zero-emission small off-road equipment, and thereby
meets the required professional-level specifications indicated in Table 1,
subsection
2408.1(b)(4)(D),
as applicable.
(A) Such label must read, "This
is a professional-level, California-certified zero-emission [indicate equipment
type]."
(B) Use of this option does
not relieve a manufacturer of zero-emission small off-road equipment of the
other label requirements.
(2) The manufacturer of zero-emission small
off-road equipment must submit, with its certification application, a statement
attesting that its label(s) comply with these requirements.
(3) Samples of all such labels used by a
manufacturer of zero-emission small off-road equipment must be submitted to the
Executive Officer within thirty days after the start of production.
1. New
section filed 5-1-92; operative 6-1-92 (Register 92, No. 19).
2.
Amendment of section heading and subsections (b), (b)(1), (b)(4)(H) and NOTE
filed 10-4-93; operative 11-3-93 (Register 93, No. 41).
3. Change
without regulatory effect amending NOTE filed 12-22-93 pursuant to title 1,
section 100, California Code of
Regulations (Register 93, No. 52).
4. Amendment filed 7-24-95;
operative 7-24-95 pursuant to Government Code section 11343.4(d) (Register 95,
No. 30).
5. Amendment of section heading, section and NOTE filed
3-23-99; operative 3-23-99 pursuant to Government Code section 11343.4(d)
(Register 99, No. 13).
6. Amendment of subsection (c)(4)(A),
redesignation of subsections (c)(4)(A)(i)-(ii) as (c)(4)(A)1.-2., amendment of
subsections (c)(4)(D), (c)(4)(H), (d) and (l)(2), redesignation of subsections
(l)(5)(C)(i)-(iii) as (l)(5)(C)1.-3. and amendment of subsection (l)(5)(D)
filed 9-20-2004; operative 10-20-2004 (Register 2004, No. 39).
7.
Amendment of subsection (a) filed 10-16-2006; operative 11-15-2006 (Register
2006, No. 42).
8. New subsections (m)-(m)(3) filed 4-5-2010;
operative 5-5-2010 (Register 2010, No. 15).
9. Amendment of
subsection (c)(4)(A) filed 12-11-2012; operative 1-10-2013 (Register 2012, No.
50).
10. Amendment of subsections (a), (c)(3), (c)(4)(A),
(c)(4)(C)-(E), (c)(4)(H), (c)(5)(B), (l)(2), (l)(5)(B) and (m)(1) filed
9-14-2022; operative 1-1-2023 (Register 2022, No.
37).
Note: Authority cited: Sections 39600, 39601, 43013,
43018, 43101, 43102 and 43104, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections
43013, 43017, 43018, 43101, 43102, 43104, 43150- 43154, 43205.5 and 43210-
43212, Health and Safety Code.
