California Code of Regulations
Title 13 - Motor Vehicles
Division 3 - Air Resources Board
Chapter 15 - Additional Off-Road Vehicles and Engines Pollution Control Requirements
Article 1 - Evaporative Emission Requirements for off-Road Equipment
Section 2754 - Diurnal and Hot Soak Plus Diurnal Emission and Design Standards

Universal Citation: 13 CA Code of Regs 2754

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 38, September 20, 2024

(a)

(1) Table 1 below specifies the diurnal emission and design standards for small off-road engines, and equipment that use small off-road engines, with displacements greater than 80 cc, on and after the model years indicated, through the 2023 model year. Engines with displacement less than or equal to 80 cc may certify to the diurnal emission standards in Table 1 below for displacement category greater than 80 cc to less than 225 cc through model year 2023. The standards in Table 1 shall continue to apply to large spark-ignition engines subject to section 2433(b)(4)(B) in Title 13, Chapter 9, Article 4.5 of the California Code of Regulations after the 2023 model year.

Table 1

Diurnal Emission and Design Standards

*Effective Date Model Year*	*Diurnal Emission Standards (g organic material hydrocarbon equivalent·day-1)*	*Design Standards*
Fuel Line Permeation Emission Standard 1 (g ROG·m-2·day-1)	Fuel Tank Permeation 2 Emission Standard (g ROG·m-2·day-1)	Carbon Canister 3 or Equivalent Butane Working Capacity Standard (g organic material hydrocarbon equivalent)
Displacement Category: Walk-Behind Mowers
> 80 cc--< 225 cc
2006	None	15	None	None
2007 and 2008	1.3	N/A	N/A	N/A
2009	1.0	N/A	N/A	N/A
Displacement Category:
> 80 cc--< 225 cc (except Walk-Behind Mowers)
2006	None	15	None	None
2007 through 2011	1.20 + 0.056 x nominal capacity (liters)	15	2.5	Specified in TP-902
2012	0.95 + 0.056 x nominal capacity (liters)	15	1.5	Specified in TP-902
Displacement Category: >= 225 cc
2006 and 2007	None	15	None	None
2008	1.20 + 0.056 x nominal capacity (liters)	15	2.5	Specified in TP-902
2013	1.20 + 0.056 x nominal capacity (liters)	15	1.5	Specified in TP-902

1 For model year 2006 only, all engines and equipment with displacements > 80 cc--< 225 cc must comply with the fuel line permeation emission standard. For model years 2006 and 2007, all engines and equipment with displacements greater than or equal to 225 cc must comply with the fuel line permeation emission standard.

2 Permeation emissions as determined by TP-901. Permeation emissions must be measured to two significant digits.

3 Canister design requirements and the procedure for determining butane working capacity are specified in TP-902. The Executive Officer may designate technology equivalent to carbon canisters on a case by case basis as part of the certification process per section 2767.

(2) On or after the model year set out in Table 1 of this section through model year 2023, diurnal emissions from any small off-road engine or equipment unit that uses a small off-road engine with displacement greater than 80 cc must not exceed the diurnal emission standards specified in Table 1 of this section.

(3) Table 2, below, specifies the hot soak plus diurnal emission standards for small off-road engines on and after the model years indicated, except for generator engines and >= 225 cc pressure washer engines.

Table 2

Hot Soak Plus Diurnal Emission Standards for Small Off-Road Engines, Except Generator Engines and >= 225 cc Pressure Washer Engines

*Displacement Category*	*Effective Date Model Year*	*Hot Soak Plus Diurnal Emission Standards 1 (g organic material hydrocarbon equivalent·test-1)*
<= 80 cc	2024	0.00
> 80 cc-- < 225 cc Walk-Behind Mowers	2024	0.00
> 80 cc--< 225 cc (except Walk-Behind Mowers)	2024	0.00
>= 225 cc	2024	0.00

1 The standards for hot soak plus diurnal emissions are measured in grams of organic material hydrocarbon equivalent per test, which includes both the hot soak test and the 24-hour diurnal test, as specified in TP-902.

(4) On or after the model year set out in Table 2 of this section, hot soak plus diurnal emissions from any small off-road engine, except generator engines, must not exceed the hot soak plus diurnal emission standard specified in Table 2 of this section. The emission standards in Table 2 of this section are optional for model years 2022 and 2023.

(5) Table 3, below, specifies the hot soak plus diurnal emission standards for generator engines on and after the model years indicated.

Table 3

Hot Soak Plus Diurnal Emission Standards for Generator Engines

*Displacement Category*	*Effective Date Model Year*	*Hot Soak Plus Diurnal Emission Standards 1 (g organic material hydrocarbon equivalent·test-1)*
<= 80 cc	2024	0.50
2028	0.00
> 80 cc--< 225 cc	2024	0.60
2028	0.00
>= 225 cc	2024	0.70
2028	0.00

(6) On or after the model year set out in Table 3 of this section 2754, hot soak plus diurnal emissions from any generator engine, must not exceed the hot soak plus diurnal emission standard specified in Table 3 of this section. The emission standards in Table 3 of this section are optional for model years 2022 and 2023.

(7) Table 4, below, specifies the hot soak plus diurnal emission standards for >= 225 cc pressure washer engines on and after the model years indicated.

Table 4

Hot Soak Plus Diurnal Emission Standards for >= 225 cc Pressure Washer Engines

*Displacement Category*	*Effective Date Model Year*	*Hot Soak Plus Diurnal Emission Standards 1 (g organic material hydrocarbon equivalent·test-1)*
>= 225 cc	2024	0.70
2028	0.00

(8) On or after the model year set out in Table 4 of this section 2754, hot soak plus diurnal emissions from any >= 225 cc pressure washer engine, must not exceed the hot soak plus diurnal emission standard specified in Table 4 of this section. The emission standards in Table 4 of this section are optional for model years 2022 and 2023.

(b) An applicant certifying engines or equipment to comply with the diurnal emission standards under this section shall do the following through model year 2023:

(1) Submit a determination in the certification application that running loss emissions are controlled from being emitted into the atmosphere. The Executive Officer must approve the determination for an Executive Order of Certification to be issued. Approval by the Executive Officer is not required if actively-purged carbon canisters meeting the requirements of this article are used.

(2) Provide test data in the certification application showing that all fuel lines meet the permeation requirement of 15 grams of ROG per square meter of surface area of the surface in contact with fuel per day when tested with LEV III Certification Gasoline using test procedure SAE J1737, SAE J30, SAE J1527, or, only for fuel lines with inner diameter 4.75 mm or less, SAE J2996, which are incorporated herein by reference. The permeation testing must be conducted at 40°C, or higher, and ambient pressure. The fuel defined in 40 CFR Part 1060.515(a)(2) or CE10 may be used as an alternative test fuel. Alternatively, applicants can submit the Executive Order number approving the fuel lines pursuant to section 2767.1 of this Article.

(c) An applicant certifying engines or equipment to comply with the diurnal emission standards under this section shall also do one of the following through model year 2023:

(1) Provide diurnal emission test data for the engine or equipment model in the evaporative family that is expected to exhibit the highest diurnal emission rate relative to the applicable diurnal emission standard, in accordance with TP-902; or

(2) Provide test data in the certification application showing that the fuel tank and carbon canister meet the applicable design standards listed in Table 1 of this section. Alternatively, an applicant can submit the Executive Order numbers approving the fuel tank and carbon canister pursuant to section 2767.1 of this Article.

(d) For model year 2024 and subsequent model years, an applicant certifying engines or equipment to comply with the hot soak plus diurnal emission standards under this section shall provide diurnal and hot soak emission test data for the engine or equipment model in the evaporative family that is expected to exhibit the highest hot soak plus diurnal emission rate relative to the applicable hot soak plus diurnal emission standard, in accordance with TP-902.

(e) For model year 2020 and subsequent model years, if carbon canisters are used in an evaporative emission control system, they must be installed in a way that prevents exposing the carbon to water or liquid fuel.

(f) For model years 2020 through 2023, all fuel lines must be securely connected to prevent fuel leakage throughout the useful life of the evaporative emission control system. Fuel line assembly testing shall be conducted in accordance with the Fuel Line Assembly Tensile Test in section 5.4 of ANSI/OPEI B71.10-2013 or the Fuel line connection tensile test in section 5.5 of ANSI/OPEI B71.10-2018, as applicable per ANSI/OPEI B71.10-2013 sections 1 and 4.4 or ANSI/OPEI B71.10-2018 sections 1 and 4.2.1.

(g) For model year 2024 and subsequent model years, all fuel lines must be securely connected to prevent fuel leakage throughout the useful life of the evaporative emission control system. Fuel line assembly testing shall be conducted in accordance with the Fuel line connection tensile test in section 5.5 of ANSI/OPEI B71.10-2018, as applicable per ANSI/OPEI B71.10-2018 sections 1 and 4.2.1.

(h) An applicant certifying engines or equipment to comply with the hot soak plus diurnal emission standards under this section shall submit a determination in the certification application that running loss emissions are controlled from being emitted into the atmosphere. The Executive Officer must approve the determination for an Executive Order of Certification to be issued. Approval by the Executive Officer is not required if actively-purged carbon canisters meeting the requirements of this Article are used. Approval by the Executive Officer is not required for engines with displacement less than or equal to 80 cc. To receive Executive Officer approval, applicants shall demonstrate that running loss emissions are controlled from being emitted into the atmosphere by following the procedure in section 2.4 of TP-902.

1. New section filed 9-20-2004; operative 10-20-2004 (Register 2004, No. 39).
2. Change without regulatory effect adding footnote 4 to Table 1 filed 8-18-2005 pursuant to section 100, title 1, California Code of Regulations (Register 2005, No. 33).
3. Amendment of section heading and section filed 11-13-2017; operative 1-1-2018 (Register 2017, No. 46).
4. Editorial correction of Table 1 within subsection (a) (Register 2018, No. 15).
5. Amendment of section heading and section filed 9-14-2022; operative 1-1-2023 (Register 2022, No. 37).

Note: Authority cited: Sections 39600, 39601 and 43013, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Section 43013, Health and Safety Code.

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