Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 38, September 20, 2024
(a) The exhaust
emissions from new 1985 and subsequent model heavy-duty diesel cycle urban bus
engines and vehicles fueled by methanol, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas,
and petroleum shall not exceed the following, by model year:
(1) 1985-1986 -- 1.3 grams per brake
horsepower-hour (g/bhp-hr) total hydrocarbons (or Organic Material Hydrocarbon
Equivalent [OMHCE] for methanol-fueled buses), 15.5 g/bhp-hr carbon monoxide
(CO), and 5.1 g/bhp-hr oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
(2) 1987- (a manufacturer may certify to the
1988 emission standards one year early as an option) -- 1.3 g/bhp-hr total
hydrocarbons (or OMHCE for methanol-fueled buses), 15.5 g/bhp-hr CO, and 5.1
g/bhp-hr NOx.
(3) 1988-1990 -- 1.3
g/bhp-hr HC (or OMHCE for methanol-fueled buses), 15.5 g/bhp-hr CO, 6.0
g/bhp-hr NOx, 0.60 g/bhp-hr particulate matter (PM), and for 1990 only, 1.2
g/bhp-hr optional non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC).
(4) 1991-1993 -- 1.3 g/bhp-hr HC (or OMHCE
for methanol-fueled buses), 1.2 g/bhp-hr optional NMHC, 15.5 g/bhp-hr CO, 5.0
g/bhp-hr NOx, and 0.10 g/bhp-hr PM. Emissions from methanol-fueled,
natural-gas-fueled and liquefied-petroleum-gas-fueled urban bus engines may be
included in the averaging program for petroleum-fueled engines other than urban
bus engines.
(5) 1994-1995 -- 1.3
g/bhp-hr HC (or OMHCE for methanol-fueled buses), 1.2 g/bhp-hr optional NMHC,
15.5 g/bhp-hr CO, 5.0 g/bhp-hr NOx (or optional 3.5 g/bhp-hr to 0.5 g/bhp-hr
NOx), and 0.07 g/bhp-hr PM. Emissions from methanol-fueled, natural-gas-fueled
and liquefied-petroleum-gas-fueled urban bus engines, may be included in the
averaging program for petroleum-fueled engines other than urban bus
engines.
(6) 1996-2003 -- 1.3
g/bhp-hr HC or OMHCE, 1.2 g/bhp-hr optional NMHC, 15.5 g/bhp-hr CO, 4.0
g/bhp-hr NOx, and 0.05 g/bhp-hr PM (0.07 PM g/bhp-hr in-use), except as
provided in paragraph (7) below.
(A) For 1996
and 1997 only, a manufacturer may apply to the Executive Officer for an
exemption from the 4.0 g/bhp-hr NOx standard, not to exceed 10% of the average
of the manufacturer's total urban bus sales in California for the three
preceding model years, upon providing technical justification and sales data
for each exemption applied for.
(B)
1998 through 2003 model year engines may generate averaging, banking, and
trading credits in accordance with the requirements for averaging, banking and
trading programs set forth in "California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test
Procedures for 1985 and Subsequent Model Heavy Duty Diesel Engines and
Vehicles" incorporated by reference in subdivision (c) of this
section.
(C) Manufacturers may
choose to certify 1998 through 2002 model year bus engines produced before
October 1, 2002, to an optional NOx emissions standard between 0.5 g/bhp-hr and
2.5 g/bhp-hr. A manufacturer may certify to any standard between the values of
2.5 g/bhp-hr and 0.5 g/bhp-hr, by 0.5 g/bhp-hr increments. Manufacturers may
not use engines certified to this optional NOx standard for any averaging,
banking, or trading program set forth in "California Exhaust Emission Standards
and Test Procedures for 1985 and Subsequent Model Heavy Duty Diesel Engines and
Vehicles" incorporated by reference in subdivision (c) of this
section.
(7) October 1,
2002, PM standard -- For diesel-fueled, dual-fuel, and bi-fuel bus engines
except for heavy-duty pilot ignition engines, the PM standard shall be 0.01
g/bhp-hr (0.01 PM g/bhp-hr in-use) for 2002 and subsequent model year engines
produced beginning October 1, 2002. Manufacturers may choose to meet this
standard with an aftertreatment system that reduces PM to 0.01
g/bhp-hr.
(8) October 2002-2006
optional standards -- Except for diesel-fueled, dual-fuel, and bi-fuel engines
but including heavy-duty pilot ignition engines, manufacturers may choose to
certify 2002-2006 model year bus engines produced beginning October 1, 2002, to
an optional 1.8 g/bhp-hr to 0.3 g/bhp-hr NOx plus NMHC standard, measured as
the arithmetic sum of the NOx and NMHC exhaust component certification values,
without restriction on individual component certification values; provided that
engines certified to this optional reduced-emission NOx plus NMHC standard may
not participate in any averaging, banking, or trading program set forth in the
test procedures document incorporated by reference in subdivision (c) of this
section. A manufacturer may certify to any standard between the values of 1.8
g/bhp-hr to 0.3 g/bhp-hr, by 0.3 g/bhp-hr NOx + NMHC increments. Manufacturers
certifying to this optional standard must also certify to a PM standard of
0.03, 0.02, or 0.01 g/bhp-hr.
(9)
October 2002-2003 optional standards for diesel-fueled, dual-fuel, and bi-fuel
engines except for heavy-duty pilot ignition engines -- Manufacturers may
choose to certify 2002-2003 model year diesel-fueled, dual-fuel, and bi-fuel
bus engines produced beginning October 1, 2002, to an optional 1.8 g/bhp-hr to
0.3 g/bhp-hr NOx plus NMHC standard, measured as the arithmetic sum of the NOx
and NMHC exhaust component certification values, without restriction on
individual component certification values; provided that engines certified to
this optional reduced-emission NOx plus NMHC standard may not participate in
any averaging, banking, or trading program set forth in the test procedures
document incorporated by reference in subdivision (c) of this section. A
manufacturer may certify to any standard between the values of 1.8 g/bhp-hr to
0.3 g/bhp-hr, by 0.3 g/bhp-hr NOx + NMHC increments. Manufacturers certifying
to this optional standard must also certify to a PM standard of 0.01
g/bhp-hr.
(10) 2004-2006 -- Except
as provided in paragraph (11), below, the required standard shall be 2.4
g/bhp-hr NOx + NMHC measured as the arithmetic sum of exhaust component
certification values for these pollutants, without restriction on individual
component values, 15.5 g/bhp-hr CO, and 0.05 g/bhp-hr PM (0.07 g/bhp-hr PM
in-use).
(A) Manufacturers may choose to
certify to a 2.5 g/bhp-hr optional combined NOx + NMHC standard, provided that
the NMHC exhaust component certification value shall not exceed 0.5
g/bhp-hr.
(B) Emissions averaging
may be used to meet the combined NOx + NMHC standard, the optional combined NOx
+ NMHC standard set forth in paragraph (A), and the PM standard.
(C) The combined NOx + NMHC standard and the
optional combined NOx + NMHC standard described in paragraph (A) may serve as
the certification standard for the higher emitting fueling mode of an engine
certified under the dual fueling mode certification process set forth in
section 1956.8(a)(4),
Title 13, CCR.
(11)
2004-2006 -- For diesel-fueled, or dual-fuel, and bi-fuel urban bus engines
except for heavy-duty pilot ignition engines, the standards are 0.5 g/bhp-hr
NOx, 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM, 0.05 g/bhp-hr NMHC, 5.0 g/bhp-hr CO, and 0.01 g/bhp-hr
formaldehyde. As an option, manufacturers may choose to meet the NOx and PM
standards with a base engine that is certified to the standards in paragraph
(10) above, equipped with an aftertreatment system that reduces NOx to 0.5
g/bhp-hr and PM to 0.01 g/bhp-hr standards. The NMHC, CO, and formaldehyde
standards in this paragraph (11) shall still apply. Manufacturers shall be
responsible for full certification, durability, testing, and warranty and other
requirements for the base engine. For the aftertreatment system, manufacturers
shall not be subject to the certification durability requirements, or in-use
recall and enforcement provisions, but are subject to warranty provisions for
functionality.
(A) Engine manufacturers may
sell diesel-fueled, dual-fuel, or bi-fuel engines to any transit fleet exempted
by the Executive Officer under paragraphs (b)(8) and (c)(7) of section
2023.1, Title 13, CCR, from the
requirements of paragraphs (b)(5) and (c)(4) of section
2023.1, certified to the standards
in either paragraphs (9) or (10) above, provided that engines certified to the
standards in paragraph (10) must be certified to a 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM
standard.
(B) Manufacturers may
sell diesel-fueled hybrid-electric buses that are certified to a 1.8 g/bhp-hr
NOx, 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM, 0.5 g/bhp-hr NMHC, and 15.5 g/bhp-hr CO standard to any
transit agency that has received written authorization from the Executive
Officer pursuant to paragraph (c)(9) of section
2023.1, title 13, CCR. The
formaldehyde standard set forth in paragraph (11), above, shall not apply to
the HEBs sold pursuant to this subparagraph.
(b) 2003-2006 bi-fuel heavy-duty pilot
ignition engines -- A bi-fuel engine meeting the definition of a heavy-duty
pilot ignition engine set forth in section
2020 may be certified to the
standards in section
1956.1(a)(8) and
(a)(10), provided that the engine is
certified to an optional PM standard of 0.03, 0.02, or 0.01 g/bhp-hr.
(c) Test Procedures. The
test procedures for determining compliance with standards applicable to 1985
through 2006 model-year heavy-duty diesel cycle urban bus engines and vehicles
and the requirements for participation in the averaging, banking and trading
programs, are set forth in the "California Exhaust Emission Standards and Test
Procedures for 1985 through 2003 Model Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines and Vehicles,"
adopted April 8, 1985, as last amended December 12, 2002, the "California
Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for 2004 and Subsequent Model
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines and Vehicles," adopted December 12, 2002, as last
amended July 26, 2007, and the "California Interim Certification Procedures for
2004 and Subsequent Model Hybrid-Electric Vehicles, in the Urban Bus and
Heavy-Duty Vehicle Classes," adopted October 24, 2002, which are incorporated
by reference herein.
1. New
section filed 1-23-2001; operative 1-23-2001 pursuant to Government Code
section 11343.4(c) (Register 2001, No. 4).
2. Amendment of
subsection (a)(11) filed 6-4-2001; operative 6-4-2001 pursuant to Government
Code section 11343.4 (Register 2001, No. 23).
3. Amendment filed
10-16-2003; operative 11-15-2003 (Register 2003, No. 42).
4.
Amendment of subsection (c) filed 11-4-2003; operative 12-4-2003 (Register
2003, No. 45).
5. Redesignation and amendment of second paragraph of
subsection (a)(11) as new subsection (a)(11)(A) and new subsection (a)(11)(B)
filed 1-31-2005; operative 1-31-2005 pursuant to Government Code section
11343.4 (Register 2005, No. 5).
6. Amendment of subsections
(a)(11)(A)-(B) and (b) filed 1-31-2006; operative 1-31-2006 pursuant to
Government Code section 11343.4 (Register 2006, No. 5).
7. Editorial
correction restoring inadvertently deleted subsection (a)(8) (Register 2006,
No. 35).
8. Amendment of section heading and subsection (a)(10),
repealer of subsection (a)(12) and amendment of subsections (b)-(c) filed
9-7-2006; operative 10-7-2006 (Register 2006, No. 36).
9. Amendment
of section heading and subsection (c) filed 9-11-2007; operative 10-11-2007
(Register 2007, No. 37).
Note: Authority cited: Sections 39600, 39601, 43013,
43018, 43100, 43101, 43104 and 43806, Health and Safety Code; and Section
28114, Vehicle Code. Reference: Sections 39002, 39003, 39017, 39033, 39500,
39650, 39657, 39667, 39701, 40000, 43000, 43000.5, 43009, 43013, 43018, 43102
and 43806, Health and Safety Code; and Section 28114, Vehicle
Code.
