Current through Register Vol. 49, No. 9, September, 2024
I.
DEFINITIONS
A. "Uniform Methods and Rules" means the U.S.
Department of Agriculture's rules for the eradication of brucellosis.
B. "VS Form 1-27" means a USDA federal
document for the movement of livestock.
C. "VIC" means Veterinarian in
Charge.
D. "S-Brand" means an S
shaped hot brand that identifies cattle as brucellosis exposed, untested or
positive and shall be sold for slaughter only.
E. "Slaughter" means animals butchered and
processed into meat products
F.
"Quarantine Feedlot" means a confined area under State brucellosis quarantine
that has been approved by the State animal health official and the APHIS AVIC
and is maintained for feeding cattle and/or bison of unknown or
brucellosis-exposed status, with limited provisions for pasturing or
grazing.
G. "B-Brand" means a
"B"-shaped hot brand that identifies cattle as brucellosis positive and shall
be sold for slaughter only. B-branding is to be used in the disposition of
cattle that may be eligible for federal indemnification or other
compensation.
II.
VACCINATION OF BRUCELLOSIS INFECTED CATTLE HERDS
A. Every cattle herd in which Brucella
abortus field strain infection has been confirmed, as determined by the
designated epidemiologist(s); and every herd that would be qualified for
depopulation with indemnification, as determined by the Federal VIC and the
Arkansas State Veterinarian and the designated epidemiologist(s), fall under
the jurisdiction of this rule. Factors to be considered in the qualification of
a herd for federally funded depopulation are: the number of reactors disclosed
on the first test; the persistence of reactors of subsequent tests; the danger
of exposure to surrounding herds; other matters as considered by the regulatory
officials, such as public health risk.
B. All herd owner/manager(s) have three
options in the management of their infected herds:
1. Complete herd depopulation. This option is
contingent on the availability of state-federal funds for indemnification, and
the qualification of the herd(s) to receive that indemnity.
2. Adult (whole herd) vaccination of bovine
females in their infected herd(s), with follow-up testing and quarantine
releasing requirements as provided in this rule and the Uniform Methods and
Rules.
3. S-brand and sell for
slaughter or to an approved quarantined feedlot on a VS Form 1-27 all sexually
intact animals within 30 days of the formulation of the herd plan. Bull and
heifer calves may be neutered (castrated or spayed) in lieu of S-branding and
selling them. (Verification of neutering must be made before the quarantine
will be released.)
C. A
herd or herds may still qualify for federal depopulation funds (if available)
even if previously subject to whole herd vaccination, as long as other
provisions of this rule are met.
III.
DEPOPUUTION OF BRUCELLA ABORTUS
INFECTED CATTLE HERDS
A. All bovine
animals In approved herds are to be depopulated except steers and/or spayed
heifers. Heifers over 400 pounds body weight will be S-branded or
spayed.
B. All animals to be
depopulated shall be branded and tagged within 15 days after approval of the
depopulation. Within 15 days after the branding and tagging, the animals must
be slaughtered at a federally Inspected slaughtering establishment. Any
extensions of these time limits can be granted only by the federal Veterinarian
in Charge. Thirty days after the approval of the depopulation, there will be no
sexually intact bovine animals on the premise.
C. The premises are not to be restocked with
sexually intact bovine animals for a minimum of 90 days following
depopulation.
D. The premises are
to be inspected by Arkansas Agriculture Department personnel prior to
restocking.
If the inspector determines that certain areas or facilities
need cleaning and disinfection, this must be accomplished prior to
restocking.
If the inspection reveal other species to be infected with
Brucella abortus, said animals must be removed from the farm premises at least
90 days prior to restocking.
E. Restocking Requirements:
(1) All female cattle must be official
calfhood vaccinates.
(2) All test
eligible cattle must have a negative brucellosis test within 30 days prior to
arrival at premises.
(3) The cattle
must be retested at the owner's expense 45 to 120 days after arrival. However,
additional tests may be required beyond 120 days.
IV.
MANAGEMENT OF
BRUCELLOSIS AND ADJACENT HERDS AND ON-FARM CALFHOOD VACCINATION
A. Determination of an Infected Herd
1. The criteria outlined in the "Uniform
Methods and Rules" shall be used to designate infected animals and
herds.
2. When blood test results
on animals or herds are not definitive, or when blood tests of Brucellosis Ring
Test (BRT) suspicious dairy herds are not productive, additional diagnostic
procedures will be done under supervision of the State Epidemiologist. The
evaluation of all diagnostic test results and the final determination of
infection will be made by the State Epidemiologist.
3. Once infection has been ascertained, the
herd will be placed under a state quarantine.
4. Other species showing symptoms should be
isolated from cattle or destroyed.
B. Infected Herd Quarantine
1. Quarantine may be issued by state and
federal animal health regulatory officials and accredited veterinary
practitioners. One copy of the quarantine will go to the county sheriff's
office.
2. The quarantine shall
include all cattle except for steers and spayed heifers (identified with a
S-brand in the left jaw, and a spay tag in the left ear) in all herds and
premises maintained by the recipient of the quarantine.
3. Exceptions to herd quarantine procedure:
a. Exceptions will be made for those herds
for which there is proof (as judged by the section veterinary medical officer
[VMO] and State Epidemiologist or State Veterinarian) that the herd is indeed
separate and distinct from the infected herd.
b. Individual herds may be released from
quarantine if a complete negative herd blood test is accomplished and
permission is granted by the section VMO and the State Epidemiologist or State
Veterinarian.
4.
a. All heifers present while there is active
infection in the herd shall remain under quarantine until one of the following
criteria are met:
(1) They are spayed,
or
(2) They are S-branded,
or
(3) They have been tested
negative twice:
(a) After they have reached 18
months of age, and
(b) At least
three (3) weeks after they have calved.
b. The entire herd shall remain under
quarantine as long as those heifers are intermingled with
it.
5. The following
deviations concerning heifers are applicable:
a. Heifers in Rivanol negative MCI reactor
herds in which no infection is disclosed on the farm will not be placed under
these restrictions.
b. Heifers in
Rivanol positive MCI reactor herds will be placed under quarantine with the
rest of the herd; but, if no infection is found on the farm, enforcement of the
restrictions on heifers will be up to the discretion of the VMO or the State
Epidemiologist or State Veterinarian.
c. Any heifer calves born after the removal
of the last reactor from the herd will not be restricted.
6. Movement of animals out of a quarantined
infected herd.
a. Movement of animals out of
a quarantined infected herd is authorized only in the accompaniment of a VS
Form 1-27 shipping permit issued by a representative of the Arkansas Livestock
and Poultry Commission or an accredited veterinary practitioner.
b. Reactors must be B-branded and S-branded
exposed cattle In herd depopulations must be tagged on the farm premises of
origin except that:
(1) Under permission of
the State Veterinarian, they may be followed to an auction market by a
representative of the Arkansas Livestock and Poultry Commission (livestock
inspector, animal health technician or veterinarian) where they can be branded
and tagged immediately upon arrival, or
(2) They may move directly for immediate
slaughter, using USDA back tag identification in the accompaniment of an
Arkansas Livestock and Poultry Commission representative, or In vehicles closed
with official seals. The slaughter house must be USDA or state
inspected.
c. Reactors
and S-branded exposed cattle in herd depopulations may move through a maximum
of one auction market on their way to slaughter.
7. Exposed Cattle
a. Cattle considered to be "exposed" if they
have been in contact with cattle from a quarantined herd for a period of 24
hours or more.
b. Exposed cattle or
serological suspects from an infected herd must be S-branded on the farm
premises of origin except as follows:
(1)
Under permission of the State Veterinarian, they may be followed to an auction
market by a representative of the Arkansas Livestock and Poultry Commission
(livestock inspector, animal health technician, or veterinarian) where they can
be branded and tagged Immediately upon arrival. They may then be sold to a
quarantined feedlot or direct to slaughter, or
(2) They may move directly for immediate
slaughter, using USDA back tag Identification in the accompaniment of an
Arkansas Livestock and Poultry Commission representative, or in vehicles closed
with official seals. The slaughter house must be USDA or state
Inspected.
c. Test
ineligible animals (steers and spayed heifers) are not restricted in
movement.
d. The movement of other
test eligible animals from the farm premises of origin, until the herd is
released from quarantine, is strictly prohibited. However, with the permission
of the section VMO and the State Epidemiologist, the total herd may be moved
under quarantine from farm premises to farm premises.
C. Testing and Quarantine Release
Criteria of An Infected Herd
1. Test Eligible
Animals:
a. All intact calfhood vaccinated
females and males 18 months of age and older, or if they are parturient,
and
b. All intact non-calfhood
vaccinated females 6 months of age and older. All heifer calves, between the
ages of 4 and 12 months, of known negative dams, shall be tested at the time
they are calfhood vaccinated.
2. Testing Procedure:
a. A herd plan (to expedite eradication
activities) shall be agreed upon and signed by the herd owner or manager and
the section ViVIO, State Epidemiologist, State Veterinarian or veterinary
practitioner.
b. All test eligible
cattle shall be gathered and restrained at regular intervals as specified by
the herd plan, and with the approval of the State Epidemiologist and section
VMO.
c. After a herd is adult
vaccinated, there will be an interval of no more than four (4) months from the
date of the adult vaccination until the regular testing regimen begins
again.
d. Disclosure of reactors:
(1) The card (Buffered Brucella Antigen) test
may be run on the farm under a shelter with an ambient temperature of no more
than 75 degrees and no less than 70 degrees, provided:
(a) The owner or manager of the herd signs a
card test agreement (LR-4)
(b) A
duly authorized representative of the Livestock and Poultry Commission runs the
test, or if it is done under the supervision of a section VMO.
(2) Final confirmation, or
declaration, of test results will be done at the Brucellosis Laboratory in
Little Rock.
(3) Retest of reactors
is prohibited without the permission of the State Veterinarian or State
Epidemiologist.
e.
Disposition of reactors:
Except under special determination by the State Epidemiologist
or State Veterinarian, all reactors must be B-branded and tagged within fifteen
(15) days from the date of laboratory confirmation, and slaughtered within
fifteen (15) days after the date of branding and tagging. Heifer calves off of
reactor dams shall also be B-branded and tagged. Bull calves off of reactors
must be castrated, and heifer calves may be spayed in lieu of
B-branding.
f. Disposition
of suspects (there are two options):
(1) They
may be isolated from the main herd and retested in thirty days from the date of
the incriminating test, or as determined by the State Epidemiologist or State
Veterinarian, for further serological, and perhaps microbiological, evaluation,
or,
(2) they may be S-branded and
sold for slaughter or consigned to a quarantined feedlot.
g. Any cattle herd in which "S" or "B"
branded cattle shall appear shall be Immediately quarantined and all associated
cattle subject to immediate brucellosis testing at owner's expense.
3. Quarantine Releasing Criteria:
A minimum of three (3) consecutive negative complete herd
tests, with the last one coming at least six (6) months after the removal of
the last reactor from the herd, will be required for the herd to qualify for
quarantine release. (A retest of those animals remaining from the previously
quarantined herd shall be done six (6) to ten (10) months after the quarantine
is released.)
D.
Testing of Adjacent Herds
All herds within a one (1) mile radius of the fence line
perimeter of the infected pasture or premises; or, all herds located on the
first two farm premises located on a tangent extending out each direction from
the fence line perimeter of the Infected pasture or premises; or, whichever of
the two previously mentioned conditions is satisfied first. Each of these herds
shall be quarantined, which will be released if a laboratory confirmed complete
herd negative test is achieved. As long as the index herd continues to exhibit
active Infection, each contiguous adjacent herd shall be re-quarantined and
retested every 4 to 6 months. After the index herd is released from quarantine,
each contiguous adjacent herd may be re-quarantined and retested upon the
decision of the State Epidemiologist.
E. On Farm Calfhood Vaccination
1. Free of charge to owners, as long as funds
are available.
2. Vaccination age 4
to 12 months.
3. Method of getting
calves vaccinated:
a. State/federal employees
- no charge
b. Veterinary
practitioner - no charge, while funds are available. Fee basis work by
state/federal government - no charge to owner. Fees to be paid to veterinarians
as set by policy of the Arkansas Livestock and Poultry Commission. Clinic
charge for calfhood vaccination when farmers bring calves to private
practitioner's clinic shall also be set by policy of the Arkansas Livestock and
Poultry Commission.
4.
All heifers that are over 1 year of age and unvacclnated will be S-branded (and
sent to slaughter or to a quarantined feedlot), or spayed.
5. This Rule does not interfere with the
veterinarian, market operator or State Veterinarian entering an agreement to
vaccinate calves at a concentration point or market.
V.
EXPOSED
BRUCELLOSIS CATTLE
A.
Cattle received at a livestock auction barn or cattle examined on the farm and
found to be in a reactor status shall be branded with the letter "B" on the
left jaw.
B. Exposed cattle of all
ages from a common origin or those cattle associated with such reactor cattle,
after twenty-four (24) hours of such association, or cattle from a quarantined
herd are deemed to be "exposed" cattle for purposes of this rule. Exposed
cattle have three options of movement:
1.
Remain or return to the farm or point of origin under isolation and quarantine.
None of the animals may become part of a new breeding herd;
2. Be consigned to slaughter and moved on a
VS 1-27; or
3. Be consigned to an
approved quarantined feed lot.
C. Exposed cattle that are consigned to
slaughter or to a quarantined feed lot under the provisions of this rule shall
be branded (with hot brand or freeze brand) on the right jaw with the letter
"S". An acid brand or "Blue Ear" marking is not acceptable. The hot brand shall
be in substitution of the "Blue Ear" marking.
D. All eligible exposed cattle received at
livestock auction barns must be Brucellosis blood tested and branded as
provided above. No "owner option" will be permitted.
E. Any cattle herd in which "S" branded
cattle shall appear shall be immediately quarantined and all associated cattle
subject to immediate Brucellosis testing at owner's expense.
F. All known exposed cattle in interstate
movement consigned to slaughter or a quarantined feed lot shall be branded with
"S" prior to their entry into Arkansas.
VI.
PENALTIES AND AUTHORITY
A. Failure to comply with any of the
provisions of this rule may result in administrative penalties as provided by
law.
B. Authority. ACA §§
2-32-501 et seq.;
2-33-107(a);
2-40-103.
Brucellosis in Cattle proposed rule comment
summary
One comment was received from the Livestock Marketing
Association. The comment suggested that Section IV.E.4 was old language and no
longer need. The Commission noted that while Arkansas is currently Brucellosis
free, the language should be left in the rule as a precaution against potential
future brucellosis out-breaks.