Current through Register Vol. 49, No. 9, September, 2024
SECTION II
DEFINITIONS
1. "40 CFR" means
Title 40 of the Code of Federal Rules.
2. "Abatement" means any measure or set of
measures designed to permanently eliminate lead - based paint hazards.
Abatement includes, but is not limited to:
(1)
The removal of paint and dust, the permanent enclosure or encapsulation of lead
- based paint, the replacement of painted surfaces or fixtures, or the removal
or permanent covering of soil, when lead - based paint hazards are present in
such paint, dust or soil; and
(2)
All preparation, cleanup, disposal, and post-abatement clearance testing
activities associated with such measures.
(3) Specifically, abatement includes, but is
not limited to:
(A) Projects for which there
is a written contract or other documentation, which provides that an individual
or contractor or consultant will be conducting activities in or to a target
house or child-occupied facility that:
(i)
Shall result in the permanent elimination of lead - based paint hazards;
or
(ii) Are designed to permanently
eliminate lead - based paint hazards and are described in the above-referenced
paragraphs (1) and (2) of this definition.
(B) Projects resulting in the permanent
elimination of lead - based paint hazards, conducted by contractors or
consultants licensed in accordance with the provisions of this rule and
individuals certified pursuant to the provisions of this rule, unless such
projects are addressed by paragraph (4) of this definition.
(C) Projects resulting in the permanent
elimination of lead - based paint hazards, conducted by contractors or
consultants or individuals who, through their company name or promotional
literature, represent, advertise, bid, or hold themselves out to be in the
business of performing lead - based paint activities as identified and defined
by this rule, unless such projects are covered by paragraph (4) of this
definition.
(D) Projects resulting
in the permanent elimination of lead - based paint hazards, that are conducted
in response to Federal, state or local abatement orders.
(4) Abatement does not include renovations,
remodeling, landscaping or other activities, when such activities are not
designed to permanently eliminate lead -based paint hazards, but instead are
designed to repair, restore, or remodel a given structure or dwelling, even
though these activities may incidentally result in a reduction or elimination
of lead - based paint hazards. Furthermore, abatement does not include interim
controls, operations and maintenance activities, or other measures and
activities designed to temporarily, but not permanently, reduce lead - based
paint hazards.
3. "Act"
means the Lead - Based Paint-Hazard Act of 2011 codified at Ark. Code Ann.
§
20-27-2501, et
seq.
4. "Adequate quality control"
means a plan or design which ensures the authenticity, integrity, and accuracy
of samples, including dust, soil, and paint chip or paint film samples.
Adequate quality control also includes provisions for representative
sampling.
5. "Administrative
Procedure Act" means the Arkansas Administrative Procedure Act codified at Ark.
Code Ann. §
25-15-201, et
seq.
6. "Arithmetic mean" means the
algebraic sum of data values divided by the number of data values (for example,
the sum of the concentration of lead in several soil samples divided by the
number of samples).
7. "Beginning
date" means the calendar date when a lead - based paint abatement activity
project begins (including all on-site worksite preparation).
8. "Board" means the Arkansas State Board of
Health.
9. "Certificate" means a
document issued by the Department to any individual who complies with all the
certification requirements, including proof of passing a licensed lead -based
paint activities training program, or a training program which has been
accredited by EPA or a state or Indian Tribal program which has been approved
by EPA pursuant to Title 40 (40) of the Code of Federal Rules (CFR) Section
745.324, in the appropriate discipline, payment of the appropriate fee, and
proof of passage of the appropriate certification examination -- if required,
as set out in this rule.
10.
"Certified abatement worker" means an individual who has been trained by a
licensed lead - based paint activities training program, as defined by this
rule, or a training program which has been accredited by EPA or a state or
Indian Tribal program which has been approved by EPA pursuant to
40 CFR Section
745.324 and the individual has been certified
by the Department to perform lead - based paint abatements. A certified
abatement worker must perform lead - based paint abatements for a licensed
contractor or consultant, or as an in-house employee.
11. "Certified inspector" means an individual
who has been trained by a licensed training program, as defined by this rule,
or a training program which has been accredited by EPA or a state or Indian
Tribal program which has been approved by EPA pursuant to
40 CFR Section
745.324 and the individual has been certified
by the Department to conduct lead - based paint inspections. A certified
inspector also samples for the presence of lead in dust and soil for the
purposes of lead - based paint abatement clearance testing. A certified
inspector must perform lead - based paint inspections for a licensed contractor
or consultant, or as an in-house employee.
12. "Certified project designer" means an
individual who has been trained by a licensed training program, as defined by
this rule, or a training program which has been accredited by EPA or a state or
Indian Tribal program which has been approved by EPA pursuant to
40 CFR Section
745.324 and the individual has been certified
by the Department to prepare lead - based paint abatement project designs,
occupant protection plans, and abatement reports. A certified project designer
must perform lead - based paint project designs, occupant protection plans, and
abatement reports for a licensed contractor or consultant, or as an in-house
employee.
13. "Certified risk
assessor" means an individual who has been trained by a licensed training
program as defined by this rule, or a training program which has been
accredited by EPA or a state or Indian Tribal program which has been approved
by EPA pursuant to
40 CFR Section
745.324, and the individual has been
certified by the Department to conduct lead - based paint risk assessments and
also sample for the presence of lead in dust and soil for the purpose of
abatement clearance testing. A certified risk assessor must perform lead -
based paint risk assessments and sampling for lead in dust and soil for the
purposes of abatement clearance testing for a licensed contractor or
consultant, or as an in-house employee.
14. "Certified supervisor" means an
individual who has been trained by a licensed training program as defined by
this rule, or a training program which has been accredited by EPA or a state or
Indian Tribal program which has been approved by EPA pursuant to
40 CFR Section
745.324 and the individual has been certified
by the Department to conduct and supervise abatements, and to prepare occupant
protection plans and abatement reports. A certified supervisor must conduct and
supervise lead - based paint abatements, and must prepare occupant protection
plans and abatement reports for a licensed contractor or consultant, or as an
in-house employee.
15.
"Certification exam" means an examination in which an individual demonstrates
proficiency as an inspector, risk assessor, or supervisor. The examination is
administered upon proof of passage of the appropriate course, including course
exam, and any other requirements. Passage of this examination is required for
all new applicants in these disciplines and new applicants will not be approved
until proof of passage of this examination.
16. "Chewable surface" means an interior or
exterior surface painted with lead - based paint that a young child can mouth
or chew. A chewable surface is the same as an "accessible surface" as defined
in Title 42 (42) United States Code (U.S.C.) Section 4851b(2). Hard metal
substrates and other materials that cannot be dented by the bite of a young
child are not considered chewable.
17. "Child-occupied facility" means a
building or portion of a building constructed prior to 1978, visited regularly
by the same child, age six years or younger on at least two different days
within any week (Sunday through Saturday period), provided that each day's
visit lasts at least three hours and the combined weekly visit lasts at least
six hours, and the combined annual visits last at least 60 hours.
Child-occupied facilities may include, but are not limited to, day-care
centers, preschools and kindergarten classrooms.
18. "Clearance levels" means values that
indicate the maximum amount of lead permitted in dust on a surface following
completion of a lead - based paint abatement activity.
19. "Common area" means a portion of a
building generally accessible to all occupants including but not limited to
hallways, stairways, laundry and recreational rooms, playgrounds, community
centers, garages and boundary fences.
20. "Common area group" means a group of
common areas that are similar in design, construction, and function. Common
area groups include, but are not limited to hallways, stairwells, and laundry
rooms.
21. "Component or building
component" means specific design or structural elements or fixtures of a
building, residential dwelling, or child-occupied facility that are
distinguished from each other by form, function and location. These include,
but are not limited to, interior components such as: ceilings, crown moldings,
walls, chair rails, doors, door trim, floors, fireplaces, radiators, and other
heating units, shelves, shelf supports, stair treads, stair risers, stair
stringers, newel posts, railing caps, balustrades, windows and trim (including
sashes, window heads, jambs, sills, or stools and troughs), built-in cabinets,
columns, beams, bathroom vanities, countertops, and air conditioners; and
exterior components such as: painted roofing, chimneys, flashing, gutters and
down spouts, ceilings, soffits, fascias, rake boards, corner boards, bulkheads,
doors and door trim, fences, floors, joists, lattice work, railings and railing
caps, siding, handrails, stair risers and treads, stair stringers, columns,
balustrades, window sills or stools and troughs, casing, sashes and wells, and
air conditioners.
22.
"Concentration" means the relative content of a specific substance contained
within a larger mass, such as the amount of lead (in micrograms per gram or
parts per million by weight) in a sample of dust or soil.
23. "Containment" means a process to protect
the environment by controlling exposures to the lead-contaminated dust and
debris created during an abatement.
24. "Course agenda" means an outline of the
key topics to be covered during a training course, including the time allotted
to teach each topic.
25. "Course
test" means an evaluation of the overall effectiveness of the training which
shall test the trainees' knowledge and retention of the topics covered during
the course. The course test is administered by the lead - based paint
activities training provider upon successful completion of the training course.
A passing score shall be considered 70 percent.
26. "Course test blueprint" means written
documentation identifying the proportion of course test questions devoted to
each major topic in the course curriculum.
27. "Department" means the Arkansas
Department of Health or its successors.
28. "Deteriorated paint" means any interior
or exterior paint or other coating that is peeling, chipping, chalking or
cracking, or any paint or coating located on an interior or exterior surface or
fixture that is otherwise damaged or separated from the substrate.
29. "Director" means the Director of the
Arkansas Department of Health or its successor.
30. "Dripline" means the area within three
feet surrounding the perimeter of a building.
31. "Discipline" means one of the specific
types or categories of lead - based paint activities identified in this rule
for which individuals may receive training from a licensed training program, an
EPA approved lead - based paint activities training program, or a training
program which has been approved by a state or Indian Tribal program approved by
EPA, and seek certification from the Department. For example, "abatement
worker" is a discipline.
32.
"Distinct painting history" means the application history, as indicated by its
visual appearance or a record of application, over time, of paint or other
surface coatings to a component or room.
33. "Documented methodologies" means methods
or protocols used to sample for the presence of lead in paint, dust, and soil.
Documented methodologies that are appropriate for this rule are found in the
following: the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD),
Guidelines for the Evaluation and Control of Lead - based Paint Hazards in
Housing; the EPA Guidance on Residential Lead - based Paint, Lead-contaminated
Dust, Lead-contaminated Soil. 40 F.R. 47248 September, 1995; the EPA
Residential Sampling for Lead: Protocols for Dust and Soil Sampling, EPA Report
Number 747-R-95-001 (March, 1995) and rules, guidance, methods or protocols
issued by a state or Indian Tribe that are authorized by EPA which are
submitted to the Director for written approval as provided in this
rule.
34. "Dust-lead hazard" means
a surface dust in a residential dwelling or child-occupied facility that
contains a mass-per-area concentration of lead equal to or exceeding 10
µg/ft2 (micrograms per square foot) on floors
or 100 µg/ft2 on interior window sills based
on wipe samples.
35. "Elevated
Blood Lead Level" (EBL) means an excessive absorption of lead that is a
confirmed concentration of lead in whole blood of 20 µg/dl (micrograms of
lead per deciliter of whole blood) for a single venous test or of 15-19
µg/dl in two consecutive tests taken three to four months
apart.
36. "Emergency" means an
event which may present a danger to human health and the environment if the
event does not receive immediate attention.
37. "Encapsulant" means a substance that
forms a barrier between lead - based paint and the environment using a
liquid-applied coating (with or without reinforcement materials) or an
adhesively bonded covering material.
38. "Encapsulation" means the application of
an encapsulant.
39. "Enclosure"
means the use of rigid, durable construction materials that are mechanically
fastened to the substrate in order to act as a barrier between lead - based
paint and the environment.
40.
"Ending date" means the calendar date specified in the Notice of Intent as the
date upon which lead - based paint abatement activities are
completed.
41. "EPA" means the
Federal Environmental Protection Agency.
42. "Facility" means a child-occupied
building or target housing, as defined by this rule.
43. "Firm" means any company, partnership,
corporation, sole proprietorship, association, or other business entity,
including lead - based paint contractors and consultants.
44. "F.R." means Federal Register.
45. "Friction surface" means an interior or
exterior surface that is subject to abrasion or friction, including, but not
limited to, certain window, floor, and stair surfaces.
46. "Guest instructors" means an individual
designated by the training program manager or principal instructor to provide
instruction specific to the lecture, hands-on activities, or work practice
components of a course.
47. "Good
standing" means an applicant shall not have had a certification revoked for an
act of bad faith; violation of law, rule, or ethics; and does not hold a
suspended or probationary license in a United States' jurisdiction.
48. "Hands-on skills assessment" means an
evaluation which tests a trainee's ability to satisfactorily perform the work
practices and procedures identified in this rule, as well as any other skill
taught in a lead - based paint training course.
49. "Hazardous waste" means any waste as
defined as hazardous waste in
40 CFR Section
261.3.
50. "HUD" means the Federal Department of
Housing and Urban Development.
51.
"HUD Guidelines" means the Housing and Urban Development's Guidelines for
Evaluation and Control of Lead - based Paint Hazards in Housing.
52. "Impact surface" means an interior or
exterior surface that is subject to damage by repeated sudden force such as
certain parts of door frames.
53.
"In-house" means a permanent employee. (A permanent employee is not an
independent contractor employed for purposes of lead - based paint abatement
activities.)
54. "Inspection" means
a surface-by-surface investigation to determine the presence of lead -based
paint and the provision of a written report explaining the results of the
investigation. Inspections may only be performed by an individual certified as
an inspector or risk assessor.
55.
"Interim controls" means a set of measures designed to temporarily reduce human
exposure or likely exposure to lead - based paint hazards, including
specialized cleaning, repairs, maintenance, painting, temporary containment,
ongoing monitoring of lead - based paint hazards or potential hazards, and the
establishment and operation of management and resident education
programs.
56. "Interior window
sill" means the portion of the horizontal window ledge that protrudes into the
interior of the room.
57. "Lead -
based paint" or "LBP" means paint or other surface coatings that contain lead
equal to or in excess of 1.0 mg/cm2 (milligrams per
square centimeter) or more than 0.5 percent by weight.
58. "Lead - based paint activities" means, in
the case of target housing and child-occupied facilities, inspection, risk
assessment, and abatement, as defined by this rule.
59. "Lead - based paint hazard" means
hazardous lead - based paint, dust-lead hazard or soil-lead hazard as
identified in this chapter.
60.
"Lead-contaminated dust" means surface dust in target houses or child-occupied
facilities that contains an area or mass concentration of lead at or in excess
of levels identified by the EPA pursuant to the Federal Toxic Substances
Control Act (TSCA) Section 403.
61.
"Lead-contaminated soil" means bare soil on target house real property and on
the property of a child-occupied facility that contains lead at or in excess of
levels identified by the EPA pursuant to TSCA Section 403.
62. "Lead-hazard screen" means a limited risk
assessment activity that involves limited paint and dust sampling as described
in this rule. A lead-hazard screen may only be performed by an individual
certified as a risk assessor.
63.
"License" means a document issued by the Department to a lead - based paint
consultant, contractor, or training provider who has been approved by the
Department as meeting all of the licensing requirements of this rule.
64. "Licensed consultant" means a firm,
partnership, corporation, sole proprietorship, association, or other business
entity that performs lead - based paint activities and has been issued a
license by the Department.
65.
"Licensed contractor" means a firm, partnership, corporation, sole
proprietorship, association, or other business entity that performs lead -
based paint activities and has been issued a license by the
Department.
66. "Licensed training
provider" means a firm, partnership, corporation, sole proprietorship,
association, or other business entity that performs lead - based paint training
for lead - based paint activities and has been licensed by the
Department.
67. "Living area" means
any area of a residential dwelling used by one or more children age six or
younger, including, but not limited to, living rooms, kitchen areas, dens, play
rooms, and children's bedrooms.
68.
"Loading" means the quantity of a specific substance present per unit of
surface area, such as the amount of lead in micrograms contained in the dust
collected from a certain surface area divided by the surface area in square
feet or square meters.
69.
"Mid-yard" means an area of a residential yard approximately midway between the
dripline of a residential building and the nearest property boundary or between
the driplines of a residential building and another building on the same
property.
70. "Multi-family
dwelling" means a structure that contains more than one separate dwelling unit,
which is used, or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole, or in
part as the home or residence of one or more persons.
71. "Notice of Deficiency" or "NOD" means a
written document which identifies deficiencies in a Notice of Intent.
72. "Notice of Intent" or "NOI" means a
written notice document which provides detailed information, as prescribed by
this rule, and filed with the Department, as prescribed by this rule, notifying
the Department of lead - based paint abatement activities.
73. "Notification period" means a set period
of time between the submittal of a Notice of Intent and the beginning of lead -
based paint abatement activities (including all on-site worksite
preparation).
74. "Occupant
protection plan" means a written document which must be prepared by a certified
supervisor or certified project designer prior to any lead - based paint
abatement activity which shall describe the measures and management procedures,
as set forth in this rule, that will be taken during the abatement to protect
the building occupants from exposure to any lead -based paint
hazards.
75. "Paint in poor
condition" means more than 10 square feet of deteriorated paint on exterior
components with large surface areas; or more than 2 square feet of deteriorated
paint on interior components with large surface areas (for example, walls,
ceilings, floors, doors); or more than 10 percent of the total surface area of
the component is deteriorated on interior or exterior components with small
surface areas (window sills, baseboards, soffits, trim).
76. "Paint-lead hazard" means any of the
following:
77. Any lead - based
paint on a friction surface that is subject to abrasion and where the lead dust
levels on the nearest horizontal surface underneath the friction surface (for
example, the window sill, or floor) are equal to or greater than the dust-lead
hazard levels defined in this chapter.
78. Any damaged or otherwise deteriorated
lead - based paint on an impact surface that is caused by impact from a related
building component (such as a door knob that knocks into a wall or a door that
knocks against its door frame).
79.
Any chewable lead - based painted surface on which there is evidence of teeth
marks.
80. Any other deteriorated
lead - based paint in any residential building or child-occupied facility or on
the exterior of any residential building or child-occupied facility.
81. "Permanently covered soil" means soil
which has been separated from human contact by the placement of a barrier
consisting of solid, relatively impermeable materials, such as pavement or
concrete. Grass, mulch, and other landscaping materials are not considered
permanent covering.
82. "Person"
means any individual, firm, partnership, association, corporation, natural or
judicial person, or any Indian Tribe, state or political subdivision thereof;
any interstate body; and any department, agency, or instrumentality of the
Federal government.
83. "Play area"
means an area of frequent soil contact by children younger than six years of
age as indicated by, but not limited to, such factors including the following:
the presence of play equipment (for example, sandboxes, swing sets, and sliding
boards), toys, or other children's possessions, observations of play patterns,
or information provided by parents, residents, care givers, or property
owners.
84. "Principal instructor"
means the individual who has the primary responsibility for organizing and
teaching a particular course.
85.
"RCRA" means the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
86. "Recognized laboratory" means an
environmental laboratory recognized by EPA pursuant to TSCA Section 405(b) as
being capable of performing an analysis for lead compounds in paint, soil, and
dust.
87. "Reduction" means
measures designed to reduce or eliminate human exposure to lead -based paint
hazards through methods including interim controls and abatement.
88. "Residential building" means a building
containing one or more residential dwellings.
89. "Residential dwelling" means
(1) a detached single-family dwelling unit,
including attached structures such as porches and stoops, or
(2) a single-family dwelling unit in a
structure that contains more than one separate residential dwelling unit, which
is used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, in whole or in part,
as the home or residence of one or more persons.
90. "Returning Military Veteran" means a
former member of the United States Armed Forces who was discharged from active
duty under circumstances other than dishonorable.
91. "Risk assessment" means
(1) an on-site investigation to determine the
existence, nature, severity, and location of lead - based paint hazards, and
(2) the provision of a written
report by the certified risk assessor and the licensed contractor or consultant
conducting the risk assessment, explaining the results of the investigation and
options for reducing lead - based paint hazards. Risk assessments may only be
performed by individuals certified as risk assessors.
92. "Room" means a separate part of the
inside of a building, such as a bedroom, living room, dining room, kitchen,
bathroom, laundry room, or utility room. To be considered a separate room, the
room must be separated from adjoining rooms by built-in walls or archways that
extend at least six inches from an intersecting wall. Half walls or bookcases
count as room separators if built-in. Movable or collapsible partitions or
partitions consisting solely of shelves or cabinets are not considered built-in
walls. A screened in porch that is used as a living area is a room.
93. "Soil-lead hazard" means bare soil on
residential real property or on the property of a child-occupied facility that
contains total lead equal to or exceeding 400 parts per million or (µg/g)
in a play area or average of 1,200 parts per million of bare soil in the rest
of the yard based on soil samples.
94. "Soil sample" means a sample collected in
a representative location using American Society for Testing and Materials
(ASTM) test method E1727, "Standard Practice for Field Collection of Soil
Samples for Lead Determination by Atomic Spectrometry Techniques," or
equivalent method.
95.
"Substantially similar" or "substantially equivalent" certification means lead
based paint activities certification (or equivalent) from a state or tribal
program that has been authorized by the EPA pursuant to 40 CFR Part
745.
96. Target housing" means any
housing constructed prior to 1978, except housing for the elderly or persons
with disabilities (unless any one or more children age six years or younger
resides or is expected to reside in such housing for the elderly or persons
with disabilities) or any zero - bedroom dwelling.
97. "TSCA" means the Federal Toxic Substances
Control Act,
15 U.S.C. Sections
2601 to
2692.
98. "Training curriculum" means an
established set of course topics for instruction in a licensed training program
for a particular discipline designed to provide specialized knowledge and
skills.
99. "Training hour" means
at least 50 minutes of actual learning, including but not limited to time
devoted to lecture, learning activities, small group activities,
demonstrations, evaluations, and/or hands-on experience.
100. "Training manager" means the individual
responsible for administering a licensed training program and monitoring the
performance of principal instructors and guest instructors.
101. "Visual inspection for clearance
testing" means the visual examination of a target house or a child-occupied
facility following an abatement to determine if the abatement has been
successfully completed.
102.
"Visual inspection for risk assessment" means the visual examination of a
target house or a child-occupied facility to determine the existence of
deteriorated lead - based paint or other potential sources of lead - based
paint hazards.
103. "Weighted
arithmetic mean" means the arithmetic mean of sample results weighted by the
number of subsamples in each sample. Its purpose is to give influence to a
sample relative to the surface area it represents. A single surface sample is
comprised of a single subsample. A composite sample may contain from two to
four subsamples of the same area as each other and of each single surface
sample in the composite. The weighted arithmetic mean is obtained by summing,
for all samples, the product of the sample's result multiplied by the number of
subsamples in the sample, and dividing the sum by the total number of
subsamples contained in all samples. For example, the weighted arithmetic mean
of a single surface sample containing 60
µg/ft2, a composite sample (three subsamples)
containing 100 µg/ft2, and a composite sample
(4 subsamples) containing 110 µg/ft2 is 100
µg/ft2. This result is based on the equation
[60+(3*100)+(4*110)]/(1+3+4).
104.
"Window trough" means, for a typical double-hung window, the portion of the
exterior window sill between the interior window sill (or stool) and the frame
of the storm window. If there is no storm window, the window trough is the area
that receives both the upper and lower window sashes when they are both
lowered. The window trough is sometimes referred to as the window
"well."
105. "Wipe sample" means a
sample collected by wiping a representative surface of known area, as
determined by ASTM test method E1728, "Standard Practice for Field Collection
of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Lead Determination by
Atomic Spectrometry Techniques, or equivalent method, with an acceptable wipe
material as defined in ASTM test method E1792, "Standard Specification for Wipe
Sampling Materials for Lead in Surface Dust."
106. "µg/dl" means micrograms per
deciliter.
107.
"µg/ft2" means micrograms per square
foot.
108. "µg/g" means
micrograms per gram which is equivalent to parts per million.