Current through Register Vol. 49, No. 9, September, 2024
SECTION I.
AUTHORITY.
The following Rules and subsequent amendments are hereby
adopted pursuant to the authority conferred by Ark. Code Ann,§
20-15-701 et seq. and Ark. Code
Ann. §
20-7-109 et seq.
SECTION II. PURPOSE.
The purpose of the Rules Pertaining to the Control of
Communicable Diseases-Tuberculosis is to provide for the prevention and control
of tuberculosis and to protect the public health, welfare, and safety of the
citizens of Arkansas.
SECTION
III. DEFINITIONS.
A.
"Certificate of Health" means a certificate issued by the Department verifying
that the holder has complied with the relevant diagnostic screening, or
treatment procedures prescribed or directed by the Communicable Disease Rules
and Regulations and/or the Arkansas Tuberculosis Control Manual.
B. "Correctional facility" means any state
prison or jail, detention center, or other similar facility wherein persons are
incarcerated or held for correctional purposes.
C. "Department" means Arkansas Department of
Health.
D. "Shelter facility" means
any shelter for the homeless or disadvantaged, shelter for battered women, or
other similar facility where persons are routinely housed for fourteen or more
days.
E. "Hospital" means the same
as defined by Ark. Code Ann. §
20-9-201.
F. "Long-term care facility" means the same
as defined by Ark. Code Ann. §
20-10-101.
G. "Person" means any individual,
corporation, partnership, firm, association, trust, estate, public or private
institution, agency, political subdivision of this state, of any other state,
or political subdivision or agency thereof
H. "Tuberculosis prevention" means following
the recommendations of the Department regarding treatment for prevention of
tuberculosis.
I. "Related medical
facility" or "Related medical service" means a facility or service other than a
hospital, including but not limited to rehabilitation hospitals, psychiatric
hospitals. Human Development Centers, alcohol/drug abuse inpatient and
outpatient treatment centers, Arkansas State Veterans Home, Veteran's Hospital
Domiciliary, hospices, renal dialysis units, community health centers,
community health clinics serving populations with a high prevalence for
tuberculosis infection, or other related medical facilities or
services.
J. "Tuberculosis manual"
means the manual of policies and procedures developed by the Department which
includes guidelines for specific definitions of "tuberculosis screening" for
certain groups and the prevention, control and treatment of
tuberculosis.
K. "Tuberculosis
screening" means
(1) in the case of a person
tested for the first time or one who has not experienced a positive test in the
past- an intra-dermal tuberculin skin test or Interferon-Gamma Release Assays
(IGRAs) blood test; or
(2) in the
case of a person who has experienced a positive test in the past and/or who
tests positive-a chest radiograph conducted by the Department or one
interpreted by a trained radiologist or chest clinician- unless one has been
performed within the past three months; or
(3) such other screening as prescribed,
directed or recommended by an employee or agent of the
Department.
SECTION
IV. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.
A.
Penalty.
Any person who is found guilty of a violation of any of the
provisions of these shall be guilty of a violation of Ark. Code Ann. §
20-7-101.
B. Reporting Requirements.
1, It shall be the duty of every physician, nurse practitioner,
nurse, or health care worker to report to the Department in addition to the
requirements set forth in other sections of these rules the following
information concerning tuberculosis:
a) Acid fast bacilli in smear or M.
tuberculosis in culture
b) Other
significant evidence, pending bacteriological proof
(1) Chest X-ray shadows suggestive of
Tuberculosis (apical infiltrate, cavity, etc.)
(2) Extra-pulmonary Tuberculosis (meningeal,
bone, kidney, other)
(3) Primary
pulmonary tuberculosis cases showing parenchymal infiltration or hilar node
enlargement or pleural effusion.
SECTION V. HOSPITALS.
Hospitals shall be responsible for compliance with these Rules
as well as Board of Health Rules for Hospitals and Related Institutions in
Arkansas.
A. Each healthcare worker
(hospital employee, health worker, medical staff member (physician), etc.) who
has contact with hospital patients shall receive baseline tuberculosis
screening and tuberculosis prevention information (See Section III,
Definitions). No annual follow-up testing requirements are necessary. However,
the Center for Disease Control guidelines must be followed on symptom
screenings and tuberculosis education.
B. Each hospital shall adopt and enforce a
policy which ensures that tuberculosis symptom screening and tuberculosis
prevention (See Section III, Definitions) is conducted for all employees,
health workers, and medical staff (physicians) who have contact with
patients.
SECTION VI.
LONG TERM CARE FACILITIES.
Long-term care facilities shall be responsible for compliance
with these Rules as well as the Rules governing Long-Term Care Facilities
issued by the Arkansas Department of Human Services.
Each healthcare worker (employee, health worker, medical staff
member (physician), etc.) of any long term care facility who has contact with
long term care patients or residents shall receive baseline tuberculosis
screening and tuberculosis prevention information (See Section 111,
Definitions). No annual follow-up testing requirements are necessary. However,
the Center for Disease Control guidelines must be followed on symptom
screenings and tuberculosis education,
SECTION VII. CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES.
A. Correctional facilities, regardless of
inmate capacity, shall ensure that:
1. Flach
employee, worker, parole/probation officer, or other staff member of the
facility who has contact with inmates or detainees receives tuberculosis
screening and tuberculosis prevention information (See Section III,
Definitions); and
2. Prior to
employment each employee, worker, parole/probation officer, or other staff
member of the facility who has contact with inmates or detainees shall receive
baseline tuberculosis screening and shall obtain a certificate of health or
documented results of tuberculosis screening as outlined in the Arkansas
Tuberculosis Control Manual. No annual follow-up testing requirements are
necessary and should be substituted with a symptom screening and tuberculosis
prevention education.
3. Each
inmate residing in any correctional facility for more than 14 days shall
receive baseline tuberculosis screening and tuberculosis prevention
information. No follow-up testing is required, but symptom screening of
positive inmates and tuberculosis education should be provided.
B. Jails and detention centers
housing fifty or more persons shall meet the following requirement: Each
inmate/detainee of a jail or detention center who is expected to be
incarcerated for 14 days or more will receive tuberculosis screening and
tuberculosis prevention information (see Section III Definitions).
C. Other correctional facilities shall meet
the following requirements:
1. Each inmate or
detainee of a correctional facility shall receive tuberculosis screening and
tuberculosis prevention information (See Section III, Definitions).
2. The person having responsibility for the
management of a correctional facility shall be responsible for compliance with
these Rules. Each correctional facility shall be responsible for compliance
with these Rules. Each correctional facility shall designate an appropriately
trained infection control officer who shall be responsible for operating a
tuberculosis prevention and control program in the institution.
Multi-institutional systems shall have a qualified coordinator as well as an
official at each unit to oversee tuberculosis-control activities throughout the
system. The correctional facility shall have written procedures outlining the
responsibilities of each official, including a copy of each official's job
performance plan. These procedures shall include provisions for (1)
surveillance, (2) contaitunent, and (3) assessment.
a. Surveillance shall include identification
and reporting to the Department of all tuberculin reactors equal to or greater
than 10 millimeters on inmates or a positive IGRA blood test. The Department
will be responsible for evaluation and recommendation of appropriate
therapy.
b. Appropriate containment
procedures shall be developed to reduce the chance of transmission of
tuberculosis.
c. Appropriate
diagnostic, treatment, prevention, and laboratory services shall be available.
Environmental factors conducive to the spread of tuberculosis, such as poor
ventilation, shall be corrected. Persons undergoing treatment or preventive
therapy shall be carefully monitored for compliance and to detect drug toxicity
to ensure that the recommended course of treatment is completed. The infection
control officer shall notify the Department upon discharging any inmate who is
receiving medication for tuberculosis and coordinate with Department officials
to ensure appropriate follow-up of paroled irmiates for completion of
treatment.
d. Procedures shall be
developed to ensure that persons in charge of a correctional facility arc aware
of the responsibility for the surveillance and containment activities within
the institution.
e. Questions
concerning surveillance, containment or assessment and treatment shall be
sought by reference to the Tuberculosis Manual of the Arkansas Department of
Health or telephone consultation with the Tuberculosis Program Medical Director
or designee.
f. The person in
charge of the correctional facility will cooperate with the Department
Tuberculosis Program in developing and updating policies, procedures, and
record systems for tuberculosis control. The Department will provide
epidemiologic and management assistance to correctional facilities, including
on-site consultation and periodic reevaluation. Where appropriate, correctional
facilities shall cooperate with the Department and develop programs of
in-service training for correctional facility staff (e.g., to perform, read,
and record tuberculin skin tests; identify signs and symptoms of tuberculosis;
initiate and observe therapy; monitor for side effects; collect diagnostic
specimens; educate inmates regarding tuberculosis; maintain record systems).
The correctional facility will work with the Department regarding the
tuberculin testing of nonincarcerated contacts of persons with active
tuberculosis identified in these facilities.
g. All anti-tuberculosis medication within
correctional facilities shall be administered under direct observation by
correctional facility staff Directly observing the swallowing of medication is
essential to prevent the development of strains of tuberculosis that are
resistant to current effective medications.
h. Correctional facilities shall work with
Department staff to arrange continuing therapy for irmiates when released while
receiving tuberculosis treatment or preventive therapy. Registries shall be
maintained with updated medical information on all current tuberculosis cases
including those in correctional facilities.
i. Correctional facilities shall work with
the Department officials to develop and implement an HIV prevention program, to
identify persons practicing high risk behaviors, to counsel such persons in an
effort to reduce high- risk behaviors among inmates.
3. Prior to commencement of construction of
any correctional facility the person(s) responsible for the control and
operating of the facility shall furnish a statement that he/she has consulted
with the Department concerning the architectural design concerning the
feasibility of germicidal lights in appropriate areas.
SECTION VIII. SHELTHR FACILITIES.
The person in charge of each shelter facility shall be
responsible for compliance with these Rules.
A. Each employee or other worker of a shelter
facility who has regular contact with residents or clients shall receive
tuberculosis screening and tuberculosis prevention information (See Section
III, Definitions).
B. Prior to
employment, each employee or other worker of a shelter facility who has regular
contact with residents or clients shall obtain a certificate of health or
documented results of tuberculosis screening as outlined in the Arkansas
Tuberculosis Control Manual. No annual follow-up testing requirements are
necessary and should be substituted with a symptom screening and tuberculosis
prevention education.
C. Each
resident of a shelter facility who is likely to remain for a period of at least
fourteen days shall, upon arrival, receive tuberculosis screening and
tuberculosis prevention information (See Section III, Definitions).
SECTION IX. RELATED MEDICAL
FACILITIES.
The person in charge of each facility shall be responsible for
compliance with these Rules.
Each healthcare worker (employee, health worker, medical staff
member (physician), etc.) who has contact with patients or clients shall
receive baseline tuberculosis screening and tuberculosis prevention information
(See Section III, Definitions). No annual follow-up testing requirements are
necessary. However, the Center for Disease Control guidelines must be followed
on symptom screenings and tuberculosis education.
SECTION X. CONTROL, PREVENTION AND PROCEDURES
FOR ISOLATION.
A. Involuntary Examinations.
1. When the state, county, or city health
officer shall have reasonable grounds to believe that any person has
tuberculosis in active state or in a communicable form and who will not
voluntarily seek a medical examination or treatment, the health officer is
authorized to cause the person to be apprehended and detained for the necessary
tests and examinations, including an approved chest X-ray, sputum examination,
and other approved laboratory tests to ascertain the presence of
tuberculosis.
2. If active
tuberculosis is found, it shall then be the duty of the health officer to make
an investigation of the person to determine whether the conduct of the person
is suitable for outpatient therapy or whether control of the case may require
isolation.
B. Petition To
Isolate Patient.
1. If the health officer
finds that the circumstances arc not suitable for proper isolation or contagion
control of the case by any type of local quarantine and the person will not
voluntarily seek medical treatment and is a source of danger to others, then
the health officer shall petition the probate court of the county where the
person is found to order the admission of the person to any state-owned and
operated hospital or any other hospital that is equipped to treat tuberculosis
under the conditions enumerated in Ark. Code Ann. §
20-15-707(a).
2. The health officer shall set forth in a
petition a summary of the factual basis of the determination that the
circumstances are not suitable for proper contagion control of the case as an
out-patient and that the person will not voluntarily seek medical treatment and
is a source of danger to others.
C. Notice of Petition and Hearing.
1. Upon receiving the petition, the court
shall fix a date for a hearing on the petition and shall cause notice of the
petition, with the time and place for hearing to be served personally at least
seven (7) days before the hearing, upon the person who is afflicted with
tuberculosis and alleged to be dangerous to others.
2. During the time the petition is pending,
the person shall be subject to the local quarantine or restrictions of his
movements placed on him by the health officer for the protection of the public
health.
D. Hearing.
The petition shall be heard in open court, and the respondent
to the petition shall have the privilege of counsel of his own
selection.
E. Commitment.
1. If upon hearing of the petition, the court
finds that the circumstances are not suitable for proper isolation or contagion
control of the case by any type of local quarantine and that the person will
not voluntarily seek medical treatment and is a source of danger to others, the
court shall order the commitment of the person to a hospital as petitioned
for.
2. The superintendent of the
institution to which the person is committed shall direct that the person be
placed apart from others in a room with a properly installed and operational
germicidal UV light and restrained from leaving the institution.
F. Observation of Rules Required.
1. A person who is committed to a hospital
under the provisions of this subchapter shall observe all the rules of the
hospital.
2. The superintendent of
the institution may file a complaint in the municipal or justice of peace court
against a person committed to the institution under the provisions of this
subchapter who willfully violates the rules of the institution or who conducts
himself in a disorderly manner. A person so charged shall have the legal
procedural rights of a person charged with disorderly conduct.
G. Discharge.
1. The superintendent of the institution to
which a person has been committed under this subchapter may discharge the
person so committed upon signing and placing among the records of the
institution a statement that the person has obeyed the rules of the institution
and that for the reasons set forth in the statement, in his judgment the person
may be discharged without danger to the health and life of others.
2. The superintendent of the institution
shall report each discharge with a full statement of reasons therefore at once
to the Director of the Department, to the county health officer of the county
where the person was committed, and to the clerk of the court from which the
person was committed.
H.
Violations of Commitment - Penalties.
1. A
person committed to an institution who is found guilty of violating the rules
of the institution or of conducting himself in a disorderly manner may be
confined for a period not to exceed six (6) months in any place where persons
convicted of disorderly conduct may be confined.
2. Any person committed to an institution
pursuant to this subchapter, who shall leave or attempt to leave the
institution without being properly discharged by the superintendent of the
institution or his authorized agent, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon
conviction shall be imprisoned for a period of not less than six (6) months nor
more than one (1) year.
3. Any
person confined or imprisoned pursuant to this section shall be kept separate
and apart from the other inmates of the place of confinement. Upon completion
of the period of confinement, he shall be returned to the hospital or
sanatorium where originally committed.
4. Any person confined or imprisoned pursuant
to the provisions of this section may be confined or imprisoned in the hospital
where originally committed if facilities for confinement or imprisonment are
available at the hospital.
SECTION XI. SEVERABILITY.
If any of the provisions of these rules and the application
thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, such invalidation shall
not affect other provisions or applications of these rules which can be given
effect without the invalid provisions or applications, and to this end the
provisions hereto are declared to be severable.
SECTION XII. REPEAL.
All rules and any parts of rules in conflict herewith are
hereby repealed.