Arizona Administrative Code
Title 9 - HEALTH SERVICES
Chapter 7 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES - RADIATION CONTROL
Article 6 - USE OF X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS
Section R9-7-614 - Mammography Systems
Universal Citation: AZ Admin Code R 9-7-614
Current through Register Vol. 30, No. 38, September 20, 2024
A. Equipment. A registrant shall ensure that:
1.
Only radiation machines specifically designed for mammographic examinations are
used;
2. The film processor used in
the registrant's facility is maintained in accordance with the film processor's
and film manufacturer's recommendations;
3. Each facility has an image development
system onsite unless the Department has approved an alternate system;
4. If used with screen-film image receptors,
and the contribution to filtration made by the compression device is included,
the useful beam has a half-value layer between the values of: "measured kVp/100
and measured kVp/ + L millimeters" of aluminum equivalent, where L = 0.12 for
Mo/Mo, L= 0.19 for Mo/Rh, L=0.22 for Rh/Rh, L=0.30 for W/Rh target filtration
combinations and L= 0.33 for other target filtration combinations not otherwise
specified.
5. The combination of
focal spot size, source-to-image distance and magnification produces a
radiograph with a resolution of at least 12 line pairs per millimeter at an
object-to-image receptor distance of 4.5 centimeters; or the standards in Table
3-3 of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), Report No.
29, Equipment Requirements and Quality Control for Mammography, August 1990,
published by the American Institute of Physics, Suite 1NO1, 2 Huntington
Quadrangle, Melville, NY 11747 (This report is incorporated by reference and
available under
R9-7-101. The incorporated material
contains no future editions or amendments. The report is available online at:
http://www.aapm.org/pubs/reports;
print copies may be purchased from Medical Physics Publishing, 4513 Vernon
Blvd., Madison, WI 53705; toll free at (800) 442-5778.);
6. The compression device used with the
mammographic unit, unless specifically manufactured otherwise, is parallel to
the imaging plane, not varying at any spot by more than 1 centimeter;
7. The mammographic x-ray system with initial
power drive:
a. Has compression paddles
compatible with each size of image receptor;
b. Is capable of compressing the breast with
a force of at least 25 pounds, but not more than 45 pounds, and maintaining the
compression for at least three seconds; and
c. Is used in a manner so that the chest wall
edge of the compression device is aligned just beyond the chest wall edge of
the image receptor so that the chest wall edge of the compression device does
not appear on the image receptor;
8. A mammographic x-ray system using
screen-film image receptors has:
a. At least
two different sizes of moving anti-scatter grids, including one for each size
of image receptor utilized; and
b.
Automatic exposure control;
9. All mammographic x-ray systems indicate or
provide a means of determining, the mAs resulting from each exposure made with
automatic exposure control;
10. The
collimation provided limits the useful beam to the image receptor so that the
beam does not extend beyond any edge of the image receptor at any designated
source to image receptor distance by more than 2 percent of the source to image
receptor distance;
11. The accuracy
of the indicated kVp is within plus or minus 2kVp;
12. Mammographic x-ray systems operating with
automatic exposure control are capable of maintaining a film density within
plus or minus 0.15 optical density units over the clinical range of kVp used,
for a breast having an equivalent phantom thickness from 2 to 6 centimeters. If
a technique chart is used, the operator shall maintain the film density within
plus or minus 0.15 optical density units of the mean optical density;
13. At a kVp of 28, the mammographic x-ray
system is capable of generating at least 2.0 µC/kg/mAs (8mR/mAs) and at least
200 µC/kg/second (800 mR/second), measured at a point 4.5 centimeters above the
surface of the patient support device when the Source-image receptor distance
is at its maximum;
14. Screens are
not used for mammography if one or more areas of greater than 1 centimeter
squared of poor screen-film contact are seen when tested, using a 40 mesh
screen test;
15. Mammographic image
quality meets the minimum mammography film standards for phantom performance in
Mammography Quality Control Manual, 1999 edition, published by the American
College of Radiology (ACR). (This manual is incorporated by reference and
available under R9-7-101. The incorporated material contains no future editions
or amendments. The manual is available from ACR Publication Sales, P.O. Box
533, Annapolis Junction, MD 20701: toll free at (800) 227-7762; e-mail at:
acr@brightkey.net).
16. The mean
glandular dose for one cranio-caudal view of a 4.2 centimeter (1.8 inch)
compressed breast, composed of 50 percent adipose and 50 percent glandular
tissue, does not exceed 300 millirads (3 milligray); and
17. A radiologic physicist who meets the
requirements in R9-7-615(A)(1)(c) evaluates the operation of a mammographic
x-ray system:
a. When first installed and
annually thereafter,
b. Following
any major change in equipment or replacement of parts, and
c. When quality assurance tests indicate
calibration is necessary.
B. Operating Procedures. A registrant shall ensure that:
1. Each mammographic facility has
a quality assurance program, and that the quality assurance program includes
performance and documentation of the quality control tests in subsection
(B)(2), conducted at the required time intervals. Test results shall fall
within the specified limits in subsection (B)(2) or the registrant shall take
corrective action and maintain documentation that the results are within
specified limits before performing or processing any further examinations using
the system that failed. A radiologic physicist, as defined in
R9-7-615(A)(1)(c), shall review the program and make any recommendations
necessary for the facility to comply with this Section;
2. The quality assurance program meets
federal requirements (Contained in
21 CFR
900.12(d)(1), and (e)(1) through
(e)(10), revised April 1, 2013, incorporated
by reference and available under R9-7-101. This incorporated material contains
no future editions or amendments.); or the following requirements:
a. Daily sensitometric and densitometric
evaluation of the image processing system demonstrates that Base + Fog <
+0.03 optical density of operating level, Mid Density Density ± 0.15 optical
density of operating level, and Density Difference Density ± 0.15 optical
density of operating level;
b.
Weekly phantom image quality evaluations demonstrate the visualization of at
least four fibers, three speck groups, and three masses with a background of
greater than 1.40 optical density, not varying by 0.20 optical density of
operating level;
c. Monthly
technique chart evaluations demonstrate updates for all equipment changes and
that all examinations are being performed according to a physicist's density
control recommendation;
d.
Quarterly fixer retention evaluations demonstrate an acceptable limit of less
than or equal to 5.0 micro-grams per square centimeter;
e. Quarterly repeat analysis demonstrates an
acceptable limit of less than 2 percent increase in repeats;
f. Semiannual darkroom fog evaluations meet
the limit of less than or equal to 0.05 optical density of fog, using the two
minute exposed film method;
g.
Semiannual screen film contact evaluations meet the limit of less than one area
of poor contact of 1 centimeter squared, using a 40 mesh screen on all
clinically-used screens;
h.
Semiannual automatic compression force evaluations meet the limit of greater
than or equal to 25 pounds (111 Newtons) and less than 45 pounds (200 Newtons);
i. A survey shall be conducted
annually and whenever indicated for installation, major repairs, parts
replacement, or as deemed necessary by a qualified expert when quality control
test results indicate a survey is necessary; the survey shall include all of
the following tests:
i. Automatic exposure
control performance and thickness response;
ii. Accuracy and reproducibility of
kVp;
iii. System
resolution;
iv. Breast entrance air
kerma and automatic exposure control reproducibility;
v. Average glandular dose;
vi. X-ray field, light field, and image
receptor alignment;
vii.
Compression paddle alignment;
viii.
Uniformity of screen speed;
ix.
System artifacts;
x. Radiation
output;
xi.
Decompression;
xii. Beam quality
and half value layer;
j.
For systems with image receptor modalities other than screen film:
i. The quality assurance and quality control
program for the acquisition system meets or exceeds the recommendations by the
manufacturer;
ii. The quality
assurance and quality control program for the printer meets or exceeds the
recommendations by the image receptor manufacturer. In the absence of
recommendations by the image receptor manufacturer for the specified printer,
the quality control and assurance program meets or exceeds the recommendations
of the printer manufacturer; and
iii. The quality assurance and quality
control program for the interpretation monitors meets or exceeds the
recommendations by the image receptor manufacturer. In the absence of
recommendations by the image receptor manufacturer for the specified monitor or
monitors, the quality control and assurance program meets or exceeds the
recommendations of the interpretation monitor or monitors manufacturer;
and
k. The registrant
maintains records documenting compliance with the provisions in this subsection
for three years from the date each requirement is met. The records shall be
made available for Department inspection.
C. Mammographic films and reports.
1. A registrant shall maintain films and
reports for a minimum of five years. In those cases where no subsequent
mammographic procedures are performed, the registrant shall maintain films and
associated reports for 10 years. If the mammographic facility is closed, the
registrant shall make arrangements for storage of the films and associated
reports for five years after the closure; and
2. A registrant shall make films and reports
available for comparison upon request for temporary or permanent transfer to
other mammographic facilities.
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