Current through Register Vol. 30, No. 38, September 20, 2024
A. A
4.22 General Permit allows for the construction and use of a subsurface drip
irrigation disposal works that receives high quality wastewater from an on-site
wastewater treatment facility to dispense the wastewater to an irrigation
system that is buried at a shallow depth in native soil. A 4.22 General Permit
includes a pressure distribution system under R18-9-E304.
1. The subsurface drip irrigation disposal
works is designed to disperse the treated wastewater into the soil under
unsaturated conditions by pressure distribution and timed dosing. The applicant
shall ensure that the pressure distribution system meets the requirements
specified in R18-9-E304, and the Department shall consider whether the
requirements of R18-9-E304 are met when processing the application under
R18-9-A301(B).
2. A subsurface drip irrigation disposal
works reduces the downward percolation of wastewater by enhancing
evapotranspiration to the atmosphere.
3. An applicant may use a subsurface drip
irrigation disposal works to overcome site constraints, such as high
groundwater, shallow soils, slowly permeable soils, or highly permeable soils,
or if water conservation is needed.
4. The subsurface drip irrigation disposal
works includes pipe, pressurization and dosing components, controls, and
appurtenances to reliably deliver treated wastewater to driplines using supply
and return manifold lines.
B. Performance. An applicant shall ensure
that:
1. Treated wastewater that meets the
following criteria is delivered to a subsurface drip irrigation disposal works:
a. Performance Category A.
i. TSS of 20 milligrams per liter, 30-day
arithmetic mean;
ii.
BOD5 of 20 milligrams per liter, 30-day arithmetic
mean;
iii. Total nitrogen (as
nitrogen) of 53 milligrams per liter, five-month arithmetic mean; and
iv. Total coliform level of one colony
forming unit per 100 milliliters, 95th percentile; or
b. Performance Category B.
i. TSS of 30 milligrams per liter, 30-day
arithmetic mean;
ii.
BOD5 of 30 milligrams per liter, 30-day arithmetic mean;
iii. Total nitrogen (as nitrogen)
of 53 milligrams per liter, five-month arithmetic mean; and
iv. Total coliform level of 300,000
(Log10 5.5) colony forming units per 100 milliliters,
95th percentile; and
2. The subsurface drip irrigation works is
designed to meet the following performance criteria:
a. Prevention of ponding on the land surface,
and
b. Incorporation of a fail-safe
wastewater control or operational process to prevent inadequately treated
wastewater from being discharged.
C. Notice of Intent to Discharge. In addition
to the Notice of Intent to Discharge requirements in
R18-9-A301(B),
R18-9-A309(B),
and R18-9-E304, the applicant shall submit:
1. Documentation of the pretreatment method
proposed to achieve the wastewater criteria specified in subsection (B)(1),
such as the type of pretreatment system and the manufacturer's
warranty;
2. Initial filter and
drip irrigation flushing settings;
3. Site evapotranspiration calculations if
used to reduce the size of the disposal works; and
4. If supplemental irrigation water is
introduced to the subsurface drip irrigation disposal works, an identification
of the cross-connection controls, backflow controls, and supplemental water
sources.
D. Design
requirements. In addition to the applicable design requirements specified in
R18-9-A312,
an applicant shall ensure that:
1. The design
requirements of R18-9-E304 are followed, except that:
a. The requirement for quick disconnects in
R18-9-E304(D)(1)(c) is not applicable, and
b. The applicant may provide the reserve
volume specified in R18-9-E304(D)(3)(a)(iv) in an oversized treatment tank or a
supplemental storage tank;
2. Drip irrigation components and
appurtenances are properly placed.
a.
Performance category A subsurface drip irrigation disposal works. The applicant
shall ensure that:
i. Driplines and emitters
are placed to prevent ponding on the land surface, and
ii. Cover material and placement depth follow
manufacturer's requirements to prevent physical damage or ultraviolet
degradation of components and appurtenances; or
b. Performance category B subsurface drip
irrigation disposal works. The applicant shall ensure that:
i. Driplines and emitters are placed at least
6 inches below the surface of the native soil;
ii. A cover of soil or engineered fill is
placed on the surface of the native soil to achieve a total emitter burial
depth of at least 12 inches;
iii.
Cover material and placement depth follow manufacturer's requirements to
prevent physical damage or ultraviolet degradation of components and
appurtenances; and
iv. The drip
irrigation disposal works is not used for irrigating food
crops;
3.
Wastewater is filtered upstream of the dripline emitters to remove particles
100 microns in size and larger;
4.
A pressure regulator is provided to limit the pressure of wastewater in the
drip irrigation disposal works;
5.
Wastewater pipe meets the approved pressure rating in "Standard Specification
for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120,
D1785-04a (2004)," or "Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl
Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, F441/F441M-02 (2002),"
published by the American Society for Testing and Materials. This material is
incorporated by reference and does not include any later amendments or editions
of the incorporated material. Copies of the incorporated material are available
for inspection at the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, 1110 W.
Washington, Phoenix, AZ 85007 or may be obtained from the American Society for
Testing and Materials International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken,
PA 19428-2959;
6. The system design
flushes the subsurface drip irrigation disposal works components with
wastewater at a minimum velocity of 2 feet per second, unless the
manufacturer's manual and warranty specify another flushing practice. The
applicant shall ensure that piping and appurtenances allow the wastewater to be
pumped in a line flushing mode of operation with discharge returned to the
treatment system headworks;
7. Air
vacuum release valves are installed to prevent water and soil drawback into the
emitters;
8. Driplines.
a. Driplines are placed from 12 to 24 inches
apart unless other configurations are allowed by the manufacturer's
specifications;
b. Dripline
installation and design requirements, including the allowable deflection,
follow manufacturer's requirements;
c. The maximum length of a single dripline
follows manufacturer's specifications to provide even distribution;
d. The dripline incorporates a herbicide to
prevent root intrusion for at least 10 years;
e. The dripline incorporates a bactericide to
reduce bacterial slime buildup;
f.
Disinfection does not reduce the life of the bactericide or herbicide in the
dripline;
g. Any return flow from a
drip irrigation disposal works to the treatment works does not impair the
treatment performance; and
h. When
dripline installation is under subsection (E)(1)(b) or (c), backfill consists
of the excavated soil or similar soil obtained from the site that is screened
for removal of debris and rock larger than 1/2-inch;
9. Emitters.
a. Emitters are spaced no more than 2 feet
apart, and
b. Emitters are designed
to discharge from 0.5 to 1.5 gallons per hour;
10. A suitable backflow prevention system is
installed if supplemental water for irrigation is introduced to the pumping
system. The applicant shall not introduce supplemental water to the treatment
works;
11. The drip irrigation
disposal works is installed in soils classified as:
a. Sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay
loam, or finer with weak platy structure or in soil with a percolation rate
from 45 to 120 minutes per inch;
b.
Sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, or silt loam with massive
structure or in soil with a percolation rate from 31 to 120 minutes per inch;
and
c. Other soils if an appropriate
site-specific SAR is determined;
12. The minimum vertical separation distances
are 1/2 of those specified in
R18-9-A312(E)(2)
if the design evapotranspiration rate during the wettest 30-day period of the
year is 50 percent or more of design flow, except that the applicant shall not
use a minimum vertical separation distance less than 1 foot;
13. In areas where freezing occurs, the
irrigation system is protected as recommended by the manufacturer;
14. If drip irrigation components are used
for a disposal works using a shaded trench constructed in native soil, the
following requirements are met:
a. The trench
is between 12 and 24 inches wide;
b. The trench bottom is between 12 and 30
inches below the original grade of native soil and level to within 2 inches per
100 feet of length;
c. Two
driplines are positioned in the bottom of the trench, not more than 4 inches
from each sidewall;
d. The trench
with the positioned driplines is filled to a depth of 6 to 10 inches with
decomposed granite or C-33 sand or a mixture of both, with mixture composition,
if applicable, and placement specified on the construction drawing;
e. A minimum of 8 inches of backfill is
placed over the decomposed granite or C-33 sand fill to an elevation of 1 to 3
inches above the native soil finished grade;
f. Observation ports are placed at both ends
of each shaded trench to confirm the saturated wastewater level during
operation; and
g. A separation
distance of 24 inches or more is maintained between the nearest sidewall of an
adjacent trench; and
15.
The soil absorption area used for design of a drip irrigation works is
calculated using:
a. For a design that uses
the shaded trench method described in subsection (D)(14), the bottom and
sidewall area of the shaded trench not more than 4 square feet per linear foot
of trench; or
b. For all other
designs, the number of emitters times an area for each emitter where the
emitter area is a square centered on each emitter with the side dimension equal
to the emitter separation distance selected by the designer in accordance with
R18-9-E322(D)(9)(a), excluding all areas of overlap of adjacent
squares.
E.
Installation requirements. In addition to the applicable requirements in
R18-9-A313(A)
and R18-9-E304, the applicant shall ensure that:
1. The dripline is installed by:
a. A plow mechanism that cuts a furrow,
dispenses pipe, and covers the dripline in one operation;
b. A trencher that digs a trench 4 inches
wide or less;
c. Digging the trench
with hand tools to minimize trench width and disruption to the native soil; or
d. Without trenching, removing
surface vegetation, scarifying the soil parallel with the contours of the land
surface, placing the pipe grid, and covering with fill material, unless
prohibited in subsection (D)(2)(b)(ii);
2. Drip irrigation pipe is stored to preserve
the herbicidal and bactericidal characteristics of the pipe;
3. Pipe deflection conforms to the
manufacturer's requirements and installation is completed without kinking to
prevent flow restriction;
4. A
shaded trench drip irrigation disposal works is installed as specified in the
design documents used for the Construction Authorization; and
5. The pressure piping and electrical
equipment are installed according to the Construction Authorization in
R18-9-A301(D)(1)(c)
and any local building codes.
F. Operation and maintenance requirements. In
addition to the applicable requirements in
R18-9-A313(B)
and R18-9-E304, the permittee shall:
1. Test
any fail-safe wastewater control or operational process quarterly to ensure
proper operation to prevent discharge of inadequately treated wastewater,
and
2. Maintain the herbicidal and
bacteriological capability of the drip irrigation disposal works.