Notice of Inventory Completion: Fernbank Museum of Natural History, Atlanta, GA, 83042-83044 [2024-23724]
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83042
Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 199 / Tuesday, October 15, 2024 / Notices
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–NPS0038883;
PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000]
Notice of Inventory Completion:
Fernbank Museum of Natural History,
Atlanta, GA
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
In accordance with the Native
American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), Fernbank
Museum of Natural History has
completed an inventory of human
remains and associated funerary objects
and has determined that there is a
cultural affiliation between the human
remains and associated funerary objects
and Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian
organizations in this notice.
DATES: Repatriation of the human
remains and associated funerary objects
in this notice may occur on or after
November 14, 2024.
ADDRESSES: Wil Grewe-Mullins,
Fernbank Museum of Natural History,
767 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30307,
telephone (404) 929–6312, email
Wil.Grewe-Mullins@
fernbankmuseum.org.
SUMMARY:
This
notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA. The
determinations in this notice are the
sole responsibility of the Fernbank
Museum of Natural History, and
additional information on the
determinations in this notice, including
the results of consultation, can be found
in its inventory or related records. The
National Park Service is not responsible
for the determinations in this notice.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with NOTICES
Abstract of Information Available
Human remains representing, at
minimum, one individual have been
identified from 9LI43, Cunningham
Mound A, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The four
associated funerary objects include one
lot ceramic sherds, one lot lithic
debitage, one lithic flake tool, and one
lot soil samples. These materials were
recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted in 1975 and
1977 by the American Museum of
Natural History (AMNH) under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas.
The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study
under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with
the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
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the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island,
the remains and funerary objects were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, five individuals have been
identified from 9LI45, Cunningham
Mound C, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 19
associated funerary objects include one
lot ceramic sherds, one animal bone,
two glass fragments, one groundstone
object, eight pieces of lithic debitage,
one biface, one projectile point, one nail
or spike, one lot of unworked shell, one
unmodified stone, and one soil sample.
These materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in
1975 and 1977 by the AMNH under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas.
The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study
under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with
the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island,
the remains were transferred in 2004 to
Fernbank Museum of Natural History by
the St. Catherines Island and Edward
John Noble Foundations. The remains
are all adults and at least two represent
females. At least some burials occurred
as extended or cremated interments.
Funerary objects recovered from the site
were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, three individuals have been
identified from 9LI46, Cunningham
Mound D, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 66
associated funerary objects include two
unmodified stone objects, two
hammerstones, one metal bead, one
glass bead, two pieces of copper, one
metal shot or bullet, one lot ceramic
sherds, 37 nails or spikes, 11 projectile
points, six scrapers, one lot coffin wood,
and one lithic flake. These materials
were recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted from 1976–1977
by the AMNH under the direction of Dr.
David Hurst Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working
in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The remains are all
adults and at least one is female and
another male. At least some burials
occurred as flexed or bundled
interments. Funerary objects recovered
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Sfmt 4703
from the site were also transferred to
Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, one individual have been
identified from 9LI28, Cunningham
Mound E, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The two
associated funerary objects include one
lot of ceramic sherds and one piece of
lithic debitage. These materials were
recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted around 1970 by
the University of Georgia under the
direction of Dr. Joseph R. Caldwell, and
from 1976–1977 by the AMNH under
the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working
in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at University of
Georgia, the AMNH, and on St.
Catherines Island, the remains were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The remains
represent an adult female interred in a
bundle. Funerary objects recovered from
the site were also transferred to
Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, 70 individuals have been
identified from 9LI18, John’s Mound, on
St. Catherines Island in Liberty County,
Georgia. The 214 associated funerary
objects include one lot ceramic sherds,
one lot non-human bone, one polished
human phalanx, two bone awls, three
ceramic vessels, three quartz cobbles,
one pearl, one sand dollar, one
unmodified stone, one groundstone
object, 193 shell beads, one lot marine
shell, and five soil samples. These
materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in
1969–1970 by the University of Georgia
under the direction of Dr. Joseph R.
Caldwell. The remains were
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working
in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at University of
Georgia and on St. Catherines Island,
the remains were transferred in 2004 to
Fernbank Museum of Natural History by
the St. Catherines Island and Edward
John Noble Foundations. The remains
represent at least 44 adults and 13 subadults, 13 of which have been identified
as female and 16 male. Burials occurred
as bundled and extended interments.
Funerary objects recovered from the site
were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, five individuals were
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15OCN1
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Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 199 / Tuesday, October 15, 2024 / Notices
recovered from 9LI20, Mary’s Mound,
on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The 25 associated
funerary objects include six whole and
partial ceramic vessels, two awls, one
lot ceramic sherds, one lithic flake, one
pipe fragment, 10 modified whelk
shells, three unmodified marine shells,
and one lot non-human bone. These
materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in
1970 by the University of Georgia under
the direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell,
and in 1977 by the AMNH under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas.
The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study
under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with
the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
University of Georgia, the AMNH, and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The remains
represent at least two adults and three
sub-adults, at least two of which are
female. Burials occurred as either flexed
or bundled interments. Funerary objects
recovered from the site were also
transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, 20 individuals were
recovered from 9LI47, McLeod Mound,
on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The 14 associated
funerary objects include two projectile
points, one lithic scraper, one lot
ceramic sherds, one shark tooth, five
pieces non-human bone, one lithic
debitage, one metal shot or bullet, one
mineral fragment, and one unidentified
stone. The materials were recovered
during archaeological excavations
conducted from 1975–1976 by the
AMNH under the direction of Dr. David
Hurst Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working
in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The remains are all
adults, at least ten of which are female
and three are male. Burials occurred as
extended and bundled interments.
Funerary objects recovered from the site
were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, 19 individuals were
recovered from 9LI26, Seaside Mound I,
on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The eight associated
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funerary objects include one lot ceramic
sherds, one lithic scraper, two projectile
points, one modified shell, one
modified bone item, one lot non-human
bone, and one lot lithic debitage. The
materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in
1970 by the University of Georgia under
the direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell,
and in 1977 by the AMNH under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas.
The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study
under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with
the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
University of Georgia, the AMNH, and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The remains
represent at least 15 adults and four subadults, at least two of which are female
and five male. Burials occurred as
bundled and extended interments.
Funerary objects recovered from the site
were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, 14 individuals were
recovered from 9LI62, Seaside Mound
II, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The five associated
funerary objects include one lot ceramic
sherds, one lot lithic debitage, and three
projectile points. The materials were
recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted from 1976–1977
by the AMNH under the direction of Dr.
David Hurst Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working
in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The remains
represent at least 13 adults and one subadult, at least four of which are female
and three are male. Burials occurred as
bundled and extended interments.
Funerary objects recovered from the site
were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at
minimum, one individual were
recovered from 9LI12, South New
Ground Mound, on St. Catherines Island
in Liberty County, Georgia. The one lot
of associated funerary objects include
one lot of ceramic sherds. The materials
were recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted in 1976–1977 by
the AMNH under the direction of Dr.
David Hurst Thomas. The remains were
PO 00000
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83043
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working
in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The remains are
those of an adult female. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also
transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Associated funerary objects were
recovered from 9LI3, South End Mound
I, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The 224 objects
include one lot ceramic sherds, two
ceramic pipe stems, one lot lithic
debitage, one projectile point, one
button, one unidentified metal fragment,
211 shell beads, one lot modified and
unmodified whelk shells, three mineral
fragments, one unmodified stone, and
one lot soil samples. The materials were
recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted in 1986 by the
AMNH under the direction of Dr. David
Hurst Thomas, and from 1991–1993
under the direction of Dr. Clark Spencer
Larsen. After storage for intervals at The
Ohio State University, the AMNH, and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
Noble Foundations. The human remains
associated with these objects have been
listed in a Notice of Inventory
Completion published in the Federal
Register on August 20, 2009 (74 FR
42098–42100).
Human remains representing, at
minimum, 18 individuals were
recovered from 9LI273, South End
Mound II, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 58
associated funerary objects include one
lot ceramic sherds, three glass beads,
four hammerstones, one piece
unmodified stone, one lot lithic
debitage, four lithic bifaces, three
modified lithics, 35 lead fragments,
three granite items, one lot copper sheet
fragments, and two modified shells. The
materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted
from 1979–1980 by the AMNH under
the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working
in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and
on St. Catherines Island, the remains
were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank
Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John
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83044
Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 199 / Tuesday, October 15, 2024 / Notices
Noble Foundations. The remains
represent at least 13 adults and two sub
adults, at least three of which are female
and one male. At least some of the
burials represented cremated remains.
Funerary objects recovered from the site
were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Cultural Affiliation
Based on the information available
and the results of consultation, cultural
affiliation is reasonably identified by the
geographical location or acquisition
history of the human remains and
associated funerary objects described in
this notice.
khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with NOTICES
Determinations
The Fernbank Museum of Natural
History has determined that:
• The human remains described in
this notice represent the physical
remains of at least 157 individuals of
Native American ancestry.
• The 640 objects described in this
notice are reasonably believed to have
been placed intentionally with or near
individual human remains at the time of
death or later as part of the death rite
or ceremony.
• There is a connection between the
human remains and associated funerary
objects described in this notice and the
Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town;
Miccosukee Tribe of Indians; Poarch
Band of Creek Indians; Seminole Tribe
of Florida; The Muscogee (Creek)
Nation; The Seminole Nation of
Oklahoma; and Thlopthlocco Tribal
Town.
Requests for Repatriation
Written requests for repatriation of the
human remains and associated funerary
objects in this notice must be sent to the
authorized representative identified in
this notice under ADDRESSES. Requests
for repatriation may be submitted by:
1. Any one or more of the Indian
Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations
identified in this notice.
2. Any lineal descendant, Indian
Tribe, or Native Hawaiian organization
not identified in this notice who shows,
by a preponderance of the evidence, that
the requestor is a lineal descendant or
an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian
organization with cultural affiliation.
Repatriation of the human remains
and associated funerary objects
described in this notice to a requestor
may occur on or after November 14,
2024. If competing requests for
repatriation are received, the Fernbank
Museum of Natural History must
determine the most appropriate
requestor prior to repatriation. Requests
for joint repatriation of the human
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remains and associated funerary objects
are considered a single request and not
competing requests. The Fernbank
Museum of Natural History is
responsible for sending a copy of this
notice to the Indian Tribes and Native
Hawaiian organizations identified in
this notice.
Authority: Native American Graves
Protection and Repatriation Act, 25
U.S.C. 3003, and the implementing
regulations, 43 CFR 10.10.
Dated: October 4, 2024.
Melanie O’Brien,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2024–23724 Filed 10–11–24; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312–52–P
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–NPS0038882;
PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000]
Notice of Intended Repatriation:
American Museum of Natural History,
New York, NY
National Park Service, Interior.
Notice.
AGENCY:
ACTION:
In accordance with the Native
American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), the
American Museum of Natural History
intends to repatriate certain cultural
items that meet the definition of
unassociated funerary objects and that
have a cultural affiliation with the
Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian
organizations in this notice.
DATES: Repatriation of the cultural items
in this notice may occur on or after
November 14, 2024.
ADDRESSES: Nell Murphy, American
Museum of Natural History, 200 Central
Park West, New York, NY 10024,
telephone (212) 769–5837, email
nmurphy@amnh.org.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This
notice is published as part of the
National Park Service’s administrative
responsibilities under NAGPRA. The
determinations in this notice are the
sole responsibility of the American
Museum of Natural History and
additional information on the
determinations in this notice, including
the results of consultation, can be found
in the summary or related records. The
National Park Service is not responsible
for the determinations in this notice.
SUMMARY:
Abstract of Information Available
A total of 17 cultural items have been
requested for repatriation. The 17
unassociated funerary objects are one lot
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of faunal material; one lot of turtle cup
fragments; one bone awl; one likely
bone awl; one lot of oyster shells; one
lot of quahog shell; one lot of scallop
shells; one lot of mussel shells; one lot
of clam shells; one lot of helix shell; one
lot of sea snail shell; one lot of barnacle
shell; one lot of fish vertebrae; one lot
of pot sherds; one lot of decorated rim
sherds; one pot base; and one lot of
stone implements. J.B. James, Jr.,
removed these unassociated funerary
objects from Van Cortlandt Park, Bronx
County, NY, in 1890 during a road
grading project. James gifted these
unassociated funerary objects to the
Museum in 1895 which accessioned
them that year.
Determinations
The American Museum of Natural
History has determined that:
• The 17 unassociated funerary
objects described in this notice are
reasonably believed to have been placed
intentionally with or near human
remains, and are connected, either at the
time of death or later as part of the death
rite or ceremony of a Native American
culture according to the Native
American traditional knowledge of a
lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or
Native Hawaiian organization. The
unassociated funerary objects have been
identified by a preponderance of the
evidence as related to human remains,
specific individuals, or families, or
removed from a specific burial site or
burial area of an individual or
individuals with cultural affiliation to
an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian
organization.
• There is a reasonable connection
between the cultural items described in
this notice and the Delaware Nation,
Oklahoma; Delaware Tribe of Indians;
and the Stockbridge Munsee
Community, Wisconsin.
Requests for Repatriation
Additional, written requests for
repatriation of the cultural items in this
notice must be sent to the authorized
representative identified in this notice
under ADDRESSES. Requests for
repatriation may be submitted by any
lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or
Native Hawaiian organization not
identified in this notice who shows, by
a preponderance of the evidence, that
the requestor is a lineal descendant or
a culturally affiliated Indian Tribe or
Native Hawaiian organization.
Repatriation of the cultural items in
this notice to a requestor may occur on
or after November 14, 2024. If
competing requests for repatriation are
received, the American Museum of
Natural History must determine the
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]]>Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 199 (Tuesday, October 15, 2024)]
[Notices]
[Pages 83042-83044]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2024-23724]
[[Page 83042]]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-NPS0038883; PPWOCRADN0-PCU00RP14.R50000]
Notice of Inventory Completion: Fernbank Museum of Natural
History, Atlanta, GA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: In accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), Fernbank Museum of Natural History has
completed an inventory of human remains and associated funerary objects
and has determined that there is a cultural affiliation between the
human remains and associated funerary objects and Indian Tribes or
Native Hawaiian organizations in this notice.
DATES: Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary
objects in this notice may occur on or after November 14, 2024.
ADDRESSES: Wil Grewe-Mullins, Fernbank Museum of Natural History, 767
Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30307, telephone (404) 929-6312, email
[email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service's administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA.
The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
Fernbank Museum of Natural History, and additional information on the
determinations in this notice, including the results of consultation,
can be found in its inventory or related records. The National Park
Service is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.
Abstract of Information Available
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual have been
identified from 9LI43, Cunningham Mound A, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The four associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lot lithic debitage, one lithic flake tool,
and one lot soil samples. These materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in 1975 and 1977 by the American
Museum of Natural History (AMNH) under the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological
study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in
collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at the AMNH
and on St. Catherines Island, the remains and funerary objects were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations.
Human remains representing, at minimum, five individuals have been
identified from 9LI45, Cunningham Mound C, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 19 associated funerary objects include one
lot ceramic sherds, one animal bone, two glass fragments, one
groundstone object, eight pieces of lithic debitage, one biface, one
projectile point, one nail or spike, one lot of unworked shell, one
unmodified stone, and one soil sample. These materials were recovered
during archaeological excavations conducted in 1975 and 1977 by the
AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of
Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the
remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History
by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The
remains are all adults and at least two represent females. At least
some burials occurred as extended or cremated interments. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, three individuals have been
identified from 9LI46, Cunningham Mound D, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 66 associated funerary objects include two
unmodified stone objects, two hammerstones, one metal bead, one glass
bead, two pieces of copper, one metal shot or bullet, one lot ceramic
sherds, 37 nails or spikes, 11 projectile points, six scrapers, one lot
coffin wood, and one lithic flake. These materials were recovered
during archaeological excavations conducted from 1976-1977 by the AMNH
under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of
Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the
remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History
by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The
remains are all adults and at least one is female and another male. At
least some burials occurred as flexed or bundled interments. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual have been
identified from 9LI28, Cunningham Mound E, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The two associated funerary objects include
one lot of ceramic sherds and one piece of lithic debitage. These
materials were recovered during archaeological excavations conducted
around 1970 by the University of Georgia under the direction of Dr.
Joseph R. Caldwell, and from 1976-1977 by the AMNH under the direction
of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen,
working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
University of Georgia, the AMNH, and on St. Catherines Island, the
remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History
by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The
remains represent an adult female interred in a bundle. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 70 individuals have been
identified from 9LI18, John's Mound, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 214 associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lot non-human bone, one polished human
phalanx, two bone awls, three ceramic vessels, three quartz cobbles,
one pearl, one sand dollar, one unmodified stone, one groundstone
object, 193 shell beads, one lot marine shell, and five soil samples.
These materials were recovered during archaeological excavations
conducted in 1969-1970 by the University of Georgia under the direction
of Dr. Joseph R. Caldwell. The remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen,
working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
University of Georgia and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains
represent at least 44 adults and 13 sub-adults, 13 of which have been
identified as female and 16 male. Burials occurred as bundled and
extended interments. Funerary objects recovered from the site were also
transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, five individuals were
[[Page 83043]]
recovered from 9LI20, Mary's Mound, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The 25 associated funerary objects include six whole
and partial ceramic vessels, two awls, one lot ceramic sherds, one
lithic flake, one pipe fragment, 10 modified whelk shells, three
unmodified marine shells, and one lot non-human bone. These materials
were recovered during archaeological excavations conducted in 1970 by
the University of Georgia under the direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell,
and in 1977 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas.
The remains were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under
the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the
AMNH. After storage for intervals at University of Georgia, the AMNH,
and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to
Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and
Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains represent at least two
adults and three sub-adults, at least two of which are female. Burials
occurred as either flexed or bundled interments. Funerary objects
recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 20 individuals were
recovered from 9LI47, McLeod Mound, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The 14 associated funerary objects include two
projectile points, one lithic scraper, one lot ceramic sherds, one
shark tooth, five pieces non-human bone, one lithic debitage, one metal
shot or bullet, one mineral fragment, and one unidentified stone. The
materials were recovered during archaeological excavations conducted
from 1975-1976 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological
study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in
collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at the AMNH
and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to
Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and
Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains are all adults, at least ten
of which are female and three are male. Burials occurred as extended
and bundled interments. Funerary objects recovered from the site were
also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 19 individuals were
recovered from 9LI26, Seaside Mound I, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The eight associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lithic scraper, two projectile points, one
modified shell, one modified bone item, one lot non-human bone, and one
lot lithic debitage. The materials were recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted in 1970 by the University of Georgia under the
direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell, and in 1977 by the AMNH under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for
intervals at University of Georgia, the AMNH, and on St. Catherines
Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of
Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble
Foundations. The remains represent at least 15 adults and four sub-
adults, at least two of which are female and five male. Burials
occurred as bundled and extended interments. Funerary objects recovered
from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 14 individuals were
recovered from 9LI62, Seaside Mound II, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The five associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lot lithic debitage, and three projectile
points. The materials were recovered during archaeological excavations
conducted from 1976-1977 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David
Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen,
working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in
2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island
and Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains represent at least 13
adults and one sub-adult, at least four of which are female and three
are male. Burials occurred as bundled and extended interments. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were
recovered from 9LI12, South New Ground Mound, on St. Catherines Island
in Liberty County, Georgia. The one lot of associated funerary objects
include one lot of ceramic sherds. The materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in 1976-1977 by the AMNH under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for
intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains are
those of an adult female. Funerary objects recovered from the site were
also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Associated funerary objects were recovered from 9LI3, South End
Mound I, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty County, Georgia. The 224
objects include one lot ceramic sherds, two ceramic pipe stems, one lot
lithic debitage, one projectile point, one button, one unidentified
metal fragment, 211 shell beads, one lot modified and unmodified whelk
shells, three mineral fragments, one unmodified stone, and one lot soil
samples. The materials were recovered during archaeological excavations
conducted in 1986 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas, and from 1991-1993 under the direction of Dr. Clark Spencer
Larsen. After storage for intervals at The Ohio State University, the
AMNH, and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in
2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island
and Edward John Noble Foundations. The human remains associated with
these objects have been listed in a Notice of Inventory Completion
published in the Federal Register on August 20, 2009 (74 FR 42098-
42100).
Human remains representing, at minimum, 18 individuals were
recovered from 9LI273, South End Mound II, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 58 associated funerary objects include one
lot ceramic sherds, three glass beads, four hammerstones, one piece
unmodified stone, one lot lithic debitage, four lithic bifaces, three
modified lithics, 35 lead fragments, three granite items, one lot
copper sheet fragments, and two modified shells. The materials were
recovered during archaeological excavations conducted from 1979-1980 by
the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains
were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the
AMNH. After storage for intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines
Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of
Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John
[[Page 83044]]
Noble Foundations. The remains represent at least 13 adults and two sub
adults, at least three of which are female and one male. At least some
of the burials represented cremated remains. Funerary objects recovered
from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Cultural Affiliation
Based on the information available and the results of consultation,
cultural affiliation is reasonably identified by the geographical
location or acquisition history of the human remains and associated
funerary objects described in this notice.
Determinations
The Fernbank Museum of Natural History has determined that:
The human remains described in this notice represent the
physical remains of at least 157 individuals of Native American
ancestry.
The 640 objects described in this notice are reasonably
believed to have been placed intentionally with or near individual
human remains at the time of death or later as part of the death rite
or ceremony.
There is a connection between the human remains and
associated funerary objects described in this notice and the Alabama-
Quassarte Tribal Town; Miccosukee Tribe of Indians; Poarch Band of
Creek Indians; Seminole Tribe of Florida; The Muscogee (Creek) Nation;
The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma; and Thlopthlocco Tribal Town.
Requests for Repatriation
Written requests for repatriation of the human remains and
associated funerary objects in this notice must be sent to the
authorized representative identified in this notice under ADDRESSES.
Requests for repatriation may be submitted by:
1. Any one or more of the Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian
organizations identified in this notice.
2. Any lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or Native Hawaiian
organization not identified in this notice who shows, by a
preponderance of the evidence, that the requestor is a lineal
descendant or an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization with
cultural affiliation.
Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary objects
described in this notice to a requestor may occur on or after November
14, 2024. If competing requests for repatriation are received, the
Fernbank Museum of Natural History must determine the most appropriate
requestor prior to repatriation. Requests for joint repatriation of the
human remains and associated funerary objects are considered a single
request and not competing requests. The Fernbank Museum of Natural
History is responsible for sending a copy of this notice to the Indian
Tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations identified in this notice.
Authority: Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act,
25 U.S.C. 3003, and the implementing regulations, 43 CFR 10.10.
Dated: October 4, 2024.
Melanie O'Brien,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2024-23724 Filed 10-11-24; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-52-P
