Addressing the Homework Gap Through the E-Rate Program, 85157-85171 [2023-26033]

Agencies

• FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION

[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 234 (Thursday, December 7, 2023)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 85157-85171]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-26033]


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FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION

47 CFR Part 54

[WC Docket No. 21-31; FCC 23-91; FRS ID 185870]


Addressing the Homework Gap Through the E-Rate Program

AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: In this document, the Federal Communications Commission 
(Commission) initiates a proceeding to address the ongoing remote 
learning needs of today's students, school staff, and library patrons 
through the E-Rate program and to ensure the millions who have 
benefitted from the Emergency Connectivity Fund program support do not 
fall back onto the wrong side of the digital divide once the program 
ends.

DATES: Comments are due on or before January 8, 2024 and reply comments 
are due on or before January 22, 2024. If you anticipate that you will 
be submitting comments but find it difficult to do so within the period 
of time allowed by this document, you should advise the contact listed 
below as soon as possible.

ADDRESSES: Pursuant to Sec. Sec.  1.415 and 1.419 of the Commission's 
rules, 47 CFR 1.415, 1.419, interested parties may file comments and 
reply comments. You may submit comments, identified by WC Docket No. 
21-31, by any of the following methods:
     Electronic Filers: Comments may be filed electronically 
using the internet by accessing the ECFS: https://www.fcc.gov/ecfs/.
     Paper Filers: Parties who choose to file by paper must 
file an original and one copy of each filing.
     Filings can be sent by commercial overnight courier or by 
first-class or overnight U.S. Postal Service mail. All filings must be 
addressed to the Commission's Secretary, Office of the Secretary, 
Federal Communications Commission.
     Commercial overnight mail (other than U.S. Postal Service 
Express Mail and Priority Mail) must be sent to 9050 Junction Drive, 
Annapolis Junction, MD 20701.
     U.S. Postal Service first-class, Express, and Priority 
mail must be addressed to 45 L Street NE, Washington, DC 20554.
     Effective March 19, 2020, and until further notice, the 
Commission no longer accepts any hand or messenger delivered filings at 
its headquarters. This is a temporary measure taken to help protect the 
health and safety of individuals, and to mitigate the transmission of 
COVID-19. See FCC Announces Closure of FCC Headquarters Open Window and 
Change in Hand-Delivery Policy, Public Notice, DA 20-304 (March 19, 
2020), https://www.fcc.gov/document/fcc-closes-headquarters-open-window-and-changes-hand-delivery-policy.
     People with Disabilities: To request materials in 
accessible formats for people with disabilities (Braille, large print, 
electronic files, audio format), send an email to [email protected] or 
call the Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau at (202) 418-0530 
(voice), (202) 418-0432 (TTY).
     Availability of Documents: Comments, reply comments, and 
ex parte submissions will be publicly available online via ECFS.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Molly O'Conor [email protected] in 
the Telecommunications Access Policy Division, Wireline Competition 
Bureau, 202-418-7400 or TTY: 202-418-0578. Requests for accommodations 
should be made as soon as possible in order to allow the agency to 
satisfy such requests whenever possible. Send an email to 
[email protected] or call the Consumer and Governmental Affairs Bureau at 
(202) 418-0530.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a synopsis of the Commission's 
Addressing the Homework Gap through the E-Rate Program, Notice of 
Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) in WC Docket No. 21-31; FCC 23-91, adopted 
November 1, 2023 and released November 8, 2023. The full text of this 
document is available for public inspection during regular business 
hours at Commission's headquarters 45 L Street NE, Washington, DC 20554 
or at the following internet address: https://www.fcc.gov/document/fcc-proposes-e-rate-support-wi-fi-hotspots.

I. Introduction

    1. High-speed internet is critical to educational equity, economic 
opportunity, job creation, and civic engagement. Since its inception, 
the Federal Communications Commission's (Commission) E-Rate program has 
supported high-speed, affordable internet services to and within school 
and library buildings, and has been instrumental in providing students 
and library patrons with access to the essential broadband services 
that are required for next-generation learning. But advances in 
technology have changed the modern learning environment to increasingly 
employ interactive online education tools that can be used anywhere, at 
any time, allowing students to develop the digital skills needed to 
prosper in the 21st Century. The ongoing proliferation of innovative 
digital learning technologies and the need to connect students, 
teachers, and library patrons to jobs, life-long learning, and 
information have led to a steady rise in the demand for broadband 
connectivity both inside and outside of school and library buildings. 
In response to those needs, the Commission proposes and seeks comment 
on updates to the E-Rate program to ensure the program is equipped to 
support the ongoing remote learning needs of today's students, school 
staff, and library patrons.
    2. In recent years, the demand for connectivity beyond school and 
library buildings became a crisis when the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted 
operations and caused schools and libraries across the country to 
temporarily close their doors. Millions of students caught in the 
``Homework Gap''--i.e., students unable to fully participate in 
educational opportunities because they lack broadband connectivity in 
their homes--suddenly found themselves unable to participate in 
education at all. Library patrons who relied on their local libraries 
for remote learning opportunities and internet access suddenly 
experienced a loss of these critical services when most, if not all, 
library buildings closed their doors by the summer of 2020. However, 
even before the COVID-19 pandemic, the Homework Gap affected somewhere 
between 8.5 to 16 million K-12 students, leaving 15% of U.S. households 
with children ages six to seventeen lacking a high-speed internet 
connection at home and approximately one in four households without 
high-speed internet access. Although the E-Rate program helped 
approximately 98% of the K-12 schools and districts in the country meet 
the Commission's

[[Page 85158]]

connectivity goals by 2018 by providing support for broadband 
connections to and within schools, and approximately 12,000 distinct 
libraries from across the nation receive E-Rate support each year for 
broadband connections to and within libraries, the increasing shift to 
online and remote instruction highlighted the need to connect the 
millions of students, school staff, and library patrons who had no at-
home broadband connectivity. To address this longstanding critical 
need, Congress created the Emergency Connectivity Fund (ECF), which 
allowed the Commission to create the nation's first ever federal 
program designed to address the Homework Gap by providing funding for 
connected devices, Wi-Fi hotspot devices, broadband connections, and 
other eligible equipment and services for students, school staff, and 
library patrons in need for use at locations outside of their school or 
library.
    3. Over the past two years, the ECF program's funding of internet 
access services through Wi-Fi hotspots has enabled significant progress 
in expanding digital learning, addressing digital and educational 
equity, and closing the Homework Gap by providing students, school 
staff, and library patrons with access to broadband connections. 
Schools in Oakland, California reported that they nearly closed the 
Homework Gap for their students through the use of ECF-funded Wi-Fi 
hotspots and internet access services. Libraries, like the Boston 
Public Library, established ECF-funded Wi-Fi hotspot lending programs 
to provide the hotspot equipment and monthly mobile broadband services 
needed to connect thousands of their most vulnerable residents to 
library resources. These are just two examples of the many ways that 
schools and libraries across the nation have relied on ECF support to 
fulfill the remote learning needs of their students, school staff, and 
library patrons who otherwise lacked access to these resources.
    4. Following three successful application filing windows and more 
than two years of funding broadband services for students, school 
staff, and library patrons with unmet needs, ECF funding is nearly 
fully obligated, and the program will sunset on June 30, 2024. As the 
Commission approaches the sunsetting of the ECF program, the Commission 
has committed more than $123 million for the purchase of Wi-Fi hotspot 
devices and nearly $1.3 billion for the associated services to provide 
off-premises broadband connectivity to students, school staff, and 
library patrons who otherwise would lack sufficient broadband access 
needed to fully engage in remote learning. Building on its experience 
with the ECF program, the Commission now reexamines the E-Rate program 
and seeks comment on proposals and potential actions the Commission 
could take to support the needs of students, school staff, and library 
patrons who risk losing access to essential broadband connections 
necessary to engage in educational opportunities once the ECF program 
sunsets.
    5. In the NPRM, the Commission initiates a proceeding to address 
the ongoing remote learning needs of today's students, school staff, 
and library patrons through the E-Rate program and to ensure the 
millions who have benefitted from ECF program support do not fall back 
onto the wrong side of the digital divide once the program ends. 
Specifically, the Commission proposes to permit eligible schools and 
libraries to receive E-Rate support for Wi-Fi hotspots and wireless 
internet services that can be used off-premises. The Commission 
proposes to find that the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
internet services by students, school staff, and library patrons for 
remote learning and the provision of virtual library services 
constitutes an educational purpose as defined by the Commission and 
enhances access to advanced telecommunications and information services 
for schools and libraries. The Commission also seeks comment on how to 
adapt the E-Rate program to reflect the virtual nature of today's 
modern educational environment. Additionally, the Commission seeks 
comment on the applicability of the Children`s internet Protection Act 
(CIPA) requirements and the off-premises use of E-Rate-supported 
hotspots and services. In considering whether to support the off-
premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and internet access services, the NPRM 
seeks to balance the need to modernize the E-Rate program to support 
today's technology-based learning environment with the need to ensure 
the limited E-Rate funding remains available for its primary purpose of 
providing connectivity to schools and libraries, and is protected from 
potential waste, fraud, and abuse.

II. Discussion

    6. The Commission proposes to modernize the E-Rate program in 
recognition of the technologically advanced educational needs of 
students, school staff, and library patrons that persist even when they 
are not physically at their school or library, by making the off-
premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services eligible for E-Rate 
support. Broadband access is proven to improve individuals' educational 
outcomes, while lack of access has been shown to severely hamper 
educational opportunities. Yet, for years, the adoption of broadband 
connectivity in today's educational settings has outpaced the adoption 
of broadband connectivity in the homes of students, school staff, and 
library patrons throughout the country. As a result, students, school 
staff, and library patrons who lack adequate access to broadband 
connectivity are left further and further behind. Over the course of 
the last two years, the ECF program has bridged some of the gap between 
individuals with home broadband access and individuals caught on the 
wrong side of the digital and educational divide. Schools and libraries 
have maximized their limited ECF funding by establishing Wi-Fi hotspot 
lending programs, and ensuring that as many students, school staff, and 
library patrons in need as possible had access to broadband 
connectivity outside of the school or library building. With ECF 
support, approximately 6,800 schools, libraries, and consortia of 
schools and libraries purchased Wi-Fi hotspot devices and associated 
services, and were able to provide much-needed mobile broadband 
connectivity through ECF-funded Wi-Fi hotspots to more than 1.1 million 
students, school staff, and library patrons who otherwise lacked 
internet access services sufficient to engage in remote learning. In 
the NPRM, the Commission seeks to continue supporting ECF-funded 
broadband connectivity and proposes to allow E-Rate support to fund the 
off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services to ensure that the 
students, school staff, and library patrons who lack broadband 
connectivity remain supported after the ECF program sunsets. The 
Commission also seeks comment on how the it can implement funding for 
the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services within existing E-
Rate program processes, what actions are necessary to safeguard these 
critical funds from any potential waste, fraud, or abuse, and its 
authority to adopt the measures described in the NPRM.

A. Making Off-Premises Use of Wi-Fi Hotspots and Services Eligible for 
E-Rate Support

    7. The Commission proposes to permit schools and libraries to 
receive E-Rate support for Wi-Fi hotspots and services that can be used 
off-premises by students, school staff, and library patrons, finding 
that these services serve a critical educational purpose and

[[Page 85159]]

enhance the ability of students, school staff, and library patrons to 
access advanced telecommunications and information services. The 
Commission seeks comment on this proposal and, if adopted, how best to 
implement the proposed measures in a manner that ensures that schools 
and libraries target their students, school staff, and library patrons 
who lack internet access, while simultaneously protecting limited E-
Rate funds. In particular, the Commission seeks information and data 
from schools and libraries that have used Wi-Fi hotspots and services 
for remote learning and/or implemented Wi-Fi hotspot lending programs 
to provide service to students, school staff, and library patrons who 
would otherwise lack broadband access outside of their school or 
library.
1. Equipment and Service Eligibility
    8. In proposing to make Wi-Fi hotspot devices eligible for E-Rate 
support, the Commission seeks comment on what devices should be 
covered. In the ECF program, a Wi-Fi hotspot is defined as a device 
that is capable of (a) receiving advanced telecommunications and 
information services; and (b) sharing such services with a connected 
device through the use of Wi-Fi. For the E-Rate program, the Commission 
proposes to limit eligibility to Wi-Fi hotspots receiving mobile 
services and seek comment on whether this is the right approach. Are 
there any devices that perform the same functions as a Wi-Fi hotspot 
that are not covered by this definition and that should be included? 
Conversely, is the ECF program's definition of Wi-Fi hotspot 
overinclusive and could it encompass devices that go beyond the 
intended purpose of meeting the remote learning needs of students, 
school staff, and library patrons with unmet need? The Commission 
encourages commenters to provide specific examples of any equivalent or 
similar equipment and/or services, or equipment and/or services that 
should be considered ineligible. Should Wi-Fi hotspots be treated as 
internal connections, as the State of Colorado has argued? The 
Commission notes that in defining the scope of E-Rate program 
eligibility for internal connections, the Commission has previously 
declined to support ``computers and other peripheral equipment'' 
because it found that only equipment that is an essential element in 
the transmission of information is eligible (e.g., internal 
connections). The Commission seeks comment on whether Wi-Fi hotspot 
devices are ``peripheral equipment'' or if they serve the necessary 
transmission function contemplated by the Commission to be considered 
internal connections, like wireless access points.
    9. Consistent with the ECF program, the Commission also proposes to 
limit Wi-Fi hotspot device eligibility to Wi-Fi hotspots for individual 
users. The Commission proposes to treat as ineligible multi-user 
hotspot devices or smartphones. The Commission seeks comment on this 
proposal. Additionally, the ECF rules limited support to the purchase 
of one Wi-Fi hotspot device per student, school staff member, or 
library patron. Should the Commission similarly adopt a per-user 
limitation in the E-Rate program or consider a per-household limit? 
What should that limit be? Is an individual Wi-Fi hotspot capable of 
connecting more than one user at a time without degrading the quality 
of the connectivity or compromising connectivity altogether? In 
considering whether to impose some limit, the Commission seeks to 
balance the goals of administrative ease, such as implementing a simple 
one-per-household limit, with the needs of all households, including 
multi-student households. Some sources state that Wi-Fi hotspot devices 
have a useful life of three to five years. In commenters' experience, 
is this the typical length of the useful life of Wi-Fi hotspots? If the 
Commission funds Wi-Fi hotspots, should the Commission limit their 
eligibility to purchases made once every three years or adopt some 
other eligibility timeframe? The Commission seeks comment on these 
questions and request that commenters provide any available supporting 
data.
    10. With respect to wireless internet access services, the 
Commission proposes to limit the use of services to those that can be 
supported by and delivered with Wi-Fi hotspots provided to an 
individual user (as opposed to multi-user hotspots). Pursuant to this 
proposal, schools and libraries would be able to seek E-Rate support 
for commercially available internet access services (e.g., a data plan) 
that will be used on any individual user Wi-Fi hotspot, including E-
Rate- or ECF-funded hotspots, previously purchased hotspots, and/or 
student-, staff member-, or patron-owned hotspots. The Commission seeks 
comment on this proposal. The Commission also seeks comment on the 
quality of internet access services that should be eligible for support 
through the E-Rate program. For example, should the Commission adopt 
minimum service standards? The Commission invites input on the level of 
service that is needed to support remote learning, based on the direct 
experiences of providing Wi-Fi hotspots to students, school staff, and 
library patrons during the pandemic. Should the Commission limit 
support to just the off-premises use of the recurring internet access 
services needed for remote learning (and not the Wi-Fi hotspot 
equipment)? The Commission expects this limitation could allow schools 
and libraries with existing Wi-Fi hotspot lending programs to continue 
to lend or check-out a portable Wi-Fi hotspot device with a mobile 
broadband connection to students, school staff, or library patrons for 
off-premises access to the internet. If the Commission decides not to 
make Wi-Fi hotspot devices eligible, how should the Commission address 
Wi-Fi hotspot devices that are bundled with services? Are there 
benefits or disadvantages if the Commission limits E-Rate support to 
only services, and does not include Wi-Fi hotspot devices as eligible 
for support? Should the Commission limit eligibility to the services 
associated with the Wi-Fi hotspots purchased using ECF program funds? 
Would this limitation help to ensure E-Rate support is directed to 
students, school staff, and library patrons who are expected to lose 
their connectivity when the ECF program sunsets? Are there other issues 
or concerns the Commission should consider when determining how to fund 
Wi-Fi hotspot devices and/or services? For example, how should leased 
or bundled equipment and service packages offered by providers be 
treated and should they be eligible for E-Rate support? The Commission 
seeks comment on these questions.
2. Cost-Effective Purchases
    11. Next, the Commission seeks comment on how to ensure schools and 
libraries purchase the most cost-effective service offering(s) when 
selecting Wi-Fi hotspots and services for students, school staff, and 
library patrons who lack access to broadband. Are the requirements to 
pay the non-discounted share of costs and conduct competitive bidding 
sufficient incentives to prevent wasteful spending? The Commission also 
seeks comment on the anticipated costs of the Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services if provided on a program-wide basis. The Commission encourages 
schools, libraries, and other stakeholders to provide in their comments 
specific information about the devices and services purchased through 
the ECF program or with other funding, the costs, the device and 
service parameters, any steps they have taken to ensure the sufficiency 
of the service, and any steps they have taken to lower costs

[[Page 85160]]

associated with Wi-Fi hotspots and service. The anticipated costs 
should consider and describe any secondary components, such as 
additional hotspot features, different bandwidth capabilities, and any 
reasonable fees incurred with the purchase of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services.
    12. The Commission next ask about cost-control mechanisms. Should 
the Commission adopt a cap on the amount of costs that will be 
considered cost-effective for Wi-Fi hotspots and/or monthly services, 
and if so, should the Commission rely on ECF program data to establish 
a cap for a Wi-Fi hotspot provided to an individual user? For services, 
the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP) provides discounts of up to 
$30 per month towards internet service (or up to $75 per month for 
eligible households on qualifying Tribal lands). Are these reasonable 
caps on what the Commission might consider cost-effective for monthly 
service? Should the Commission use different amounts for the monthly 
reimbursement of these services in the E-Rate program, and if so, what 
amounts should be used? If the Commission adopts caps on the amounts 
considered cost-effective for monthly services, should those caps be 
regularly updated, and if so, what mechanism should the Commission use 
to make those updates? What requirements should the Commission 
implement to ensure service providers in these underserved areas 
provide the most cost-effective services to eligible schools and 
libraries if a higher amount is allowed for support? The Commission 
seeks comment on these questions.
    13. Relatedly, under the Commission's E-Rate rules, applicants are 
required to conduct fair and open competitive bidding when requesting 
funding for eligible services. The competitive bidding requirements are 
a cornerstone of the E-Rate program and are critical to ensuring that 
applicants obtain the most cost-effective offering available. However, 
the Commission recognizes that there may be challenges associated with 
conducting competitive bidding for off-premises wireless services that 
can be used from multiple locations. How can the Commission ensure 
applicants conduct fair and open competitive bidding for off-premises 
wireless services while also ensuring students, school staff, and 
library patrons can access those services from locations other than 
their school or library? For instance, in geographically large 
districts, a single service provider may not be able to provide service 
throughout the school's or library's service area. Should the 
Commission allow applicants to select multiple service providers for 
Wi-Fi hotspots and services based on the geographic area(s) of their 
students, school staff, and library patrons? How can the Commission 
ensure that applicants select the most cost-effective service 
offerings? Are there competitively-bid state or other master contracts 
available for schools and libraries to purchase Wi-Fi hotspot devices 
and services for off-premises use? Are there any other issues that 
schools and libraries may encounter during their competitive bidding 
processes for Wi-Fi hotspots and services to be used off-premises that 
the Commission should also consider?

B. Funding and Prioritization

    14. Based on its experience funding Wi-Fi hotspots and services 
through the ECF program, the Commission tentatively finds that taking 
this step toward addressing the educational needs of millions of 
students, school staff, and library patrons caught in the digital and 
educational divide is also technically feasible and economically 
reasonable, consistent with section 254(h)(2)(A) of the Communications 
Act. The Commission estimates that approximately 4.5 million students, 
school staff, and library patrons received mobile broadband service 
and/or hotspots through the ECF program for the 2021-2022 school year, 
with an average cost of approximately $294 per user per year. The 
Commission seeks comment on this estimate, and any data and numerical 
evidence that can be used to support or update its estimate. Given that 
the demand for E-Rate program funding has consistently fallen below the 
program's funding cap in recent years, the Commission believes the cost 
of funding Wi-Fi hotspots and services for off-premises use could be 
accomplished within the E-Rate program's existing budget, and the 
potential increase in program disbursements would result in a 
substantial benefit to students, school staff, and library patrons 
stuck on the wrong side of the digital and educational divide, and in 
the Homework Gap across the country. The Commission seeks comment on 
its tentative conclusion.
    15. Commenters are also invited to address whether the number of 
students, school staff, and library patrons that received mobile 
broadband service through Wi-Fi hotspots in the ECF program provides an 
accurate basis for estimating demand if the Commission permits mobile 
broadband service and Wi-Fi hotspots for off-premises use to be funded 
with E-Rate support, particularly given that not all E-Rate 
participants applied for the ECF program, and other federal or state 
funding may have also been used for this purpose during the pandemic. 
The Commission requests additional information on whether there are 
schools and libraries that did not apply for ECF support that would 
apply for E-Rate support for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services. In addition, the Commission seeks comment on whether the ECF 
program's $294 estimated average cost per user provides an accurate 
basis for estimating the potential cost to the E-Rate program of 
supporting Wi-Fi hotspots and mobile broadband service for off-premises 
use, provided the Commission reduces that amount by the average 
discounted share that will be paid by schools and libraries. Is this 
estimated cost too high, given the ECF program was an emergency program 
and there were not program-specific competitive bidding rules, unlike 
for the E-Rate program, which requires competitive bidding and for 
applicants to select the most cost-effective service offering using 
prices of the eligible services as the primary factor? How should the 
Commission account for the average three-year lifespan of Wi-Fi hotspot 
devices and the fact that many users will be able to continue to use 
devices funded through ECF after the sunset of the program, as well as 
funded through the other state and federal programs? For example, how 
can the Commission prevent parties from replacing ECF-funded Wi-Fi 
hotpots with new Wi-Fi hotpots funded through the E-Rate program before 
the ECF-funded equipment reaches its end-of-life (EOL)? Could the FCC 
manage the potential costs to the E-Rate program by establishing limits 
on the amount of support dedicated to the off-premises use of Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services? The Commission seeks comment on these questions.
    16. The Commission acknowledges that there are some circumstances 
where Wi-Fi hotspots and services may not meet the connectivity needs 
of all students, school staff, and library patrons caught in the 
Homework Gap. The Commission also acknowledges that some schools and 
libraries used ECF funding for other remote learning solutions, such as 
building their own fixed wireless networks, and may also seek to use E-
Rate funding to continue providing connectivity to their students, 
school staff, or patrons after the ECF program sunsets. While the 
Commission recognizes that there may be other off-premises uses that 
may meet the definition of an educational purpose, these solutions also 
have the potential to be extremely costly to fund with the

[[Page 85161]]

very limited E-Rate support and could be duplicative of funding made 
available through other state and federal programs. The Commission 
seeks comment on these conclusions. The Commission believes that taking 
this initial, incremental step to fund Wi-Fi hotspots and services for 
off-premises use strikes the right balance and is consistent with its 
universal service goals. The Commission also believes its proposal can 
be accomplished without excessive cost to the E-Rate program or 
significant administrative delay. The Commission therefore proposes to 
limit the scope of the NPRM to the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots 
and services because the Commission is mindful of its obligation to be 
a prudent, responsible steward of the limited E-Rate funding and its 
statutory directive to establish rules only to the extent it is 
``economically reasonable'' to do so. The Commission invite comment on 
this proposal. Recognizing that there may be circumstances where there 
is either no commercially available mobile service or the existing 
service is insufficient to allow students, school staff, or library 
patrons to fully engage in remote learning, the Commission seeks 
comment on whether the Commission should consider alternatives for off-
premises services funded through the E-Rate program in such limited 
circumstances and what alternatives should be considered. For example, 
should the Commission permit schools and libraries to use existing E-
Rate-funded networks to connect students, school staff, or library 
patrons off-premises in the narrow instances where commercially 
available mobile broadband is not a viable option (e.g., due to 
geographic challenges or cost)? The Commission also seeks comment on 
how the Commission should determine there is no commercially available 
service, or existing service is insufficient to support remote learning 
and how to ensure the alternative solutions are the most cost-effective 
way of providing service to students, school staff, and library patrons 
who otherwise are not able to fully engage in remote learning.
1. Prioritization
    17. If the Commission makes students', school staff members', and 
library patrons' off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots devices and 
services eligible, what category of service should these devices and 
services be? Under the current Eligible Services List, wireless 
internet services are category one services and are eligible under 
limited circumstances. Should the Commission therefore considers Wi-Fi 
hotspots to be network equipment necessary to make category one 
wireless internet services functional? If the Commission determines 
that Wi-Fi hotspots are comparable to internal connections as the State 
of Colorado suggests, should these devices be considered category two 
services?
    18. Based on the Commission's experience in the ECF program and 
other publicly available information, the Commission anticipates that 
its proposal to fund the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services will result in an increase in E-Rate funding requests. In the 
event that E-Rate program demand exceeds its annual funding cap, the 
Commission seeks comment on how requests for the off-premises use of 
Wi-Fi hotspots and services should be prioritized. Are there measures 
the Commission should consider to ensure that E-Rate funding remains 
available for the currently-eligible category one and category two 
services that are needed by schools and libraries? Should these 
requests be prioritized after services and equipment needed to bring 
connectivity to and within schools and libraries (i.e., category one 
and category two services) are funded? Should the Commission prioritize 
requests for services associated with the Wi-Fi hotspots purchased 
using ECF program funds? Will funding the off-premises use of Wi-Fi 
hotspot devices and services have any impact on other pending E-Rate-
related eligibility requests, such as expanding basic firewall services 
to include advanced or next-generation firewall services? Are there 
other ways to limit the financial impact of supporting the off-premises 
use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services? For example, should the Commission 
consider an overall budget for these new off-premises services? Should 
there be an annual funding cap for the amount of support that is 
available for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services? If 
so, what should the funding cap be? Should it be indexed to inflation? 
Alternatively, would a per-student limit, like the one used for 
category two funding budgets, help to ensure the limited E-Rate program 
support is distributed equitably to schools and libraries across the 
various discount rates? Should the Commission implement these changes 
on an interim basis and subsequently assess whether to implement a 
permanent rule change based on its interim experience? The Commission 
seeks comment on these proposals and questions.
2. Unmet Need
    19. The Commission also recognizes that there are insufficient E-
Rate funds to support Wi-Fi hotspots and services for every student, 
school staff member, and library patron across the nation. Therefore, 
how can the Commission prioritize support for students, school staff, 
and library patrons who do not have internet access at home? In the ECF 
program, the Commission limited support to students, school staff, and 
library patrons without internet access services sufficient to engage 
in remote learning. Through its experience in the ECF program, the 
Commission understands that schools and libraries have faced challenges 
in determining which parts of their population needed access to Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services for the upcoming funding year. The Commission 
therefore seeks comment on administratively feasible ways to ensure the 
E-Rate program prioritizes support for Wi-Fi hotspots and services for 
use by students, school staff, or patrons who would otherwise lack 
access to internet access services.
    20. The ECF program limited support for eligible equipment and 
services to students, school staff, or library patrons with unmet need, 
and, because it was an emergency COVID-19 relief program, schools and 
libraries were required to provide only their best estimate of unmet 
need during the application stage. However, because the E-Rate program 
is not an emergency program, there is time for schools and libraries to 
determine the actual number of students, school staff, and library 
patrons with unmet needs. The Commission seeks comment on whether the 
Commission should adopt more stringent unmet needs requirements for the 
E-Rate program than it adopted for the ECF program. For example, should 
the Commission require schools and libraries to conduct and submit as 
part of their funding requests a survey or other documentation that 
substantiates their student and school staff, or patron population who 
has current unmet needs? Would such a requirement raise any privacy 
concerns (e.g., insofar as such surveys would be intended to elicit 
information from potentially lower-income children, families, and 
individuals)? If this requirement would create privacy risks for 
students, families, and patrons, how could the Commission mitigate 
those risks (e.g., via data minimization, anonymization, or 
deidentification)? For example, would it be possible for schools and 
libraries to conduct such surveys without collecting any personally 
identifiable information (PII) from

[[Page 85162]]

students, staff, or patrons, and what burdens would such a collection 
place on school and library resources? If schools and libraries would 
need to collect PII, should the Commission requires that all such 
information be removed from the survey results when submitted with 
funding requests?
    21. Are there other ways that the Commission can ensure it focuses 
and targets the limited E-Rate program support to only students, school 
staff, and library patrons who currently lack broadband access--and who 
cannot afford it--so that the E-Rate program does not support services 
for students, school staff, or library patrons who already have 
broadband connectivity at their homes? For example, should the 
Commission restricts the support of off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots 
and services to students whose parent or guardian certifies that they 
lack broadband at home and who are eligible for the free or reduced-
price lunch program (also known as the National School Lunch Program or 
NSLP)? Are there any other school nutrition programs that a student's 
parent or guardian should be able to use to demonstrate eligibility 
under this approach, such as the School Breakfast Program? What burdens 
could conditioning support on NSLP participation impose on school 
administrators and/or students? If the Commission declines to use NSLP 
for determining eligibility, what other measures could be taken to 
ensure the limited E-Rate support is directed to the students with the 
greatest need? For school staff and library patrons, are there similar 
or alternative requirements that the Commission should consider to 
ensure that E-Rate support is used towards existing unmet needs and to 
prevent waste, fraud, and abuse of the program? The Commission seeks 
comment on these questions and how to best target E-Rate funding to 
only students, school staff, and library patrons with the greatest 
need.
    22. The Commission further seeks comment on whether there are 
certain school populations, such as Head Start and pre-kindergarten 
students, for whom the risks may outweigh the benefits of providing E-
Rate support for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services. 
For example, studies show that children under the age of 5 should limit 
internet access to one hour or less per day and are harmed if exposed 
to longer periods of use. The Commission proposes that the Head Start 
program, which provides early learning and development for pre-school 
children from the ages of 3 to 5, and pre-kindergarten students should 
be determined to be ineligible to receive E-Rate support for off-
premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services. The Commission notes that 
Head Start and/or pre-kindergarten education facilities serving this 
particular age group may be eligible for E-Rate funding for broadband 
connectivity to and within their facilities, if determined to be 
elementary schools under their applicable state laws. Further, parents 
and guardians of Head Start students may be eligible for home internet 
access services through ACP because Head Start is an income-based 
program and, to qualify, a family must be at or below the federal 
poverty level, or participate in a federal government assistance 
program. The Commission seeks comment on this proposal and other 
measures the Commission should take to ensure that the E-Rate program's 
limited support is targeted to students, school staff, and library 
patrons with the greatest need, as there is insufficient funding to 
support the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services for every 
student, school staff member, and library patron.

C. Program Safeguards

    23. The Commission is mindful of its obligation to protect the 
Universal Service Fund (USF) and the USF programs from waste, fraud, 
and abuse, and take seriously its duty to be a careful steward of E-
Rate program funds. The Commission is similarly committed to ensuring 
the integrity of the E-Rate program and identify below potential tools 
at its disposal to ensure that the E-Rate program's funds are used for 
its intended purposes, i.e., to enhance and enable access to broadband 
services for educational opportunities for schools and libraries 
nationwide. The Commission seeks comment on what safeguards the 
Commission should consider imposing to protect the constrained E-Rate 
funds from waste, fraud, and abuse, and to prevent the imposition of 
unnecessary costs on the program.
1. Educational Purpose
    24. The Commission first seeks comment on how to ensure that the 
off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services is primarily for 
educational purposes, consistent with the Commission's rules and 
section 254(h)(1)(B) of the Communications Act. The COVID-19 pandemic 
demonstrated the educational benefits of providing critical broadband 
connections to students, school staff, and library patrons and 
highlighted their reliance on interactive and collaborative remote 
learning outside the physical school or library building. The 
Commission recognizes that the use of eligible services on school or 
library property typically occurs under the supervision of school or 
library staff; whereas, the off-premises use of these services presents 
new concerns about ensuring the proper use of the E-Rate-funded 
equipment and services that are not directly supervised by the 
recipient of the funding. In balancing these benefits and concerns, the 
Commission therefore seeks comment on what safeguards should be imposed 
to mitigate the risk of off-premises non-educational use of E-Rate-
supported Wi-Fi hotspots and services.
    25. Currently, E-Rate participants are required to certify on 
program forms that supported services will be used primarily for 
educational purposes. The Commission seeks comment on whether requiring 
schools and libraries to certify on their forms that E-Rate support is 
being used primarily for educational purposes is sufficient to protect 
against improper use or if additional guardrails should be imposed to 
ensure that services are used ``primarily for educational purposes.'' 
For example, libraries that used ECF funding to connect their patrons 
through Wi-Fi hotspot lending programs are required to provide patrons 
with a copy of their eligible use policy and collect signed statements 
from patrons confirming that they would otherwise lack access to the 
equipment or services necessary to meet their educational needs. Should 
the Commission adopt a similar requirement in the E-Rate program and 
require schools and libraries to provide copies of their eligible use 
policies and collect signed documentation of user compliance from 
patrons, school staff members, or parents/guardians of students to 
ensure the E-Rate-funded Wi-Fi hotspots and services are used solely by 
the intended recipient and serve an educational purpose? How can the 
Commission ensure that the off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and services are 
being used as intended by the individual student, school staff member, 
or library patron for educational purposes, and E-Rate funding is not 
being used to provide broadband connectivity for the whole family, for 
which there are more appropriate funding sources available, like the 
ACP? Should the Commission require schools and libraries, as a 
condition of receiving E-Rate support for off-premises use, to include 
certain minimum requirements in their eligible use policies, or limit 
the duration of time a student, school staff member, or library patron 
can use the hotspot at home? Should, for example,

[[Page 85163]]

schools and libraries be required to restrict access to the off-
premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services to students, school staff, 
and patrons with appropriate credentials? What would constitute 
appropriate credentials? Should there be an annual verification process 
to establish continuing need and eligible use for students and school 
staff before the start of each school year? Should the documentation 
signed by users include a notice of potential consequences if a Wi-Fi 
hotspot is used improperly, including the return of the device and 
revocation of the associated service? Are there other actions that the 
Commission could take to help ensure the appropriate use of the E-Rate-
funded Wi-Fi hotspots and services? The Commission seeks comment on 
these questions.
    26. If the Commission extends support to the off-premises use of 
Wi-Fi hotspots and services, the Commission expects the support would 
be subject to the audits and reviews currently utilized in the E-Rate 
program (e.g., Beneficiary and Contributor Audit Program (BCAP) audits, 
Payment Quality Assurance (PQA) audits, and Payment Integrity Assurance 
(PIA) reviews and Selective Reviews (SR) of the FCC Form 471). Are the 
current E-Rate audit and application/invoice review mechanisms 
sufficient to ensure that off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and services are 
actively being used by eligible users primarily for educational 
purposes? Should the Commission increase the number and frequency of 
random or targeted audits in the first few years of support as a means 
of detecting and preventing improper payments for Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services that are not needed, are not being used, are being used to 
provide home broadband connectivity to an entire family, or are not 
being used primarily for an educational purpose? Are there other 
issues, such as privacy concerns, or changes the Commission should 
consider for audits and reviews related to funding requests and 
disbursements for off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services? For 
example, because it is presumed to serve an educational purpose when 
the services are used on school or library property, how should the 
Commission verify that the off-premises use of E-Rate-funded Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services are being used for educational purposes? Are 
there mechanisms or tools available that would allow for verifying 
compliance with E-Rate rules regarding the off-premises use of 
supported Wi-Fi hotspots and services that would not require review of 
users' online activities, browsing history, etc.? If not, should users 
receive advance notice that their use of an E-Rate-supported Wi-Fi 
hotspot and service is subject to audit, which may include review of 
their online activities and browsing history to verify compliance with 
the Commission's rules? The Commission seeks comment on these 
questions.
    27. The Commission also seeks comment on what other requirements 
should be imposed to ensure schools and libraries are not requesting 
funding for more Wi-Fi hotspots and services than are necessary to meet 
the needs of only students, school staff, and library patrons who lack 
access to broadband and are used for educational purposes. For 
instance, schools and libraries may allow the community to use E-Rate-
funded services from on-premises locations during non-operating hours, 
subject to certain conditions to ensure students always have the first 
priority to use the supported services and to protect against the 
waste, fraud, and abuse of the funds. Are there similar conditions that 
the Commission should impose on the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots 
and services to ensure applicants are not requesting excess services 
for non-educational purposes like video games or non-educational 
streaming services, and that students, school staff, and library 
patrons are receiving first priority in the use of school or library 
resources? Are there incidental uses that should be permissible, like 
telehealth appointments or filling out government forms, that would not 
result in a greater demand on E-Rate funding? The Commission seeks 
comment on these questions and invite input on what steps schools and 
libraries have taken to ensure the off-premises use of ECF-funded Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services were used only by the intended individual(s) and 
for educational purposes.
2. Usage
    28. If the Commission makes off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services eligible, how can the Commission prevent the warehousing of 
Wi-Fi hotspots and reimbursement for unused equipment and/or services? 
Are there ways to prevent the purchase of ``back-up'' Wi-Fi hotspots, 
e.g., hotspots purchased in anticipation of loss, breakage, or 
additional unmet need? Should the Commission adopt numerical criteria 
to assess usage: e.g., should usage below a weekly, monthly, or 
quarterly threshold of X hours be treated as ``non-usage''? Should the 
Commission require participants to provide evidence of usage and/or 
strengthen the certification requirements surrounding non-usage? For 
example, should the Commission require the submission of data usage 
reports (i.e., reports on the amount of data used, not the substance of 
the usage) with requests for reimbursement to demonstrate the Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services were used by students, school staff, and library 
patrons as intended for the time period being invoiced to the E-Rate 
program? Should there be different usage requirements applicable to 
schools and libraries? How does the Commission avoid having the E-Rate 
program pay for service to Wi-Fi hotspots during the summer, when 
students may not be using the devices? For example, should E-Rate 
support for schools be limited to only nine months per school year to 
prevent the E-Rate program from covering the costs of unused devices 
and/or services during the summer? Should the certifications regarding 
non-usage in the ECF program be strengthened for the E-Rate program? 
How should the certifications be strengthened, and how could a school, 
library, or service provider demonstrate compliance with the 
certification requirements? The Commission seeks comment on these 
questions.
    29. The Commission also seeks comment on how schools, libraries, 
and service providers should address non-usage issues. If the monthly 
usage report indicates that certain hotspot devices are not being used 
by the student, school staff member, or library patron, should the 
school or library be required to terminate the service to that device? 
Should the service provider be responsible for notifying the school or 
library which devices had no usage on a monthly basis and be required 
to terminate the service? Should there be a cure or notification period 
to allow the student, school staff member, or library patron to restart 
use of the services or should the services be terminated after there is 
a month of no usage? The Commission seeks comment on what requirements 
should be implemented to ensure usage of the devices and services and 
what actions the school, library, or service provider should be 
required to take to address any non-usage issues related to their 
students, school staff, or library patrons.
    30. The Commission also seeks comment on how the Administrator 
should handle non-usage issues related to off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots 
and services. If a school or library cannot demonstrate the Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services were used by the intended individual, should 
their request for reimbursement be denied, and the

[[Page 85164]]

Administrator be directed to reduce the committed funding amount by the 
same amount to prevent this funding from being disbursed in the future? 
Should schools and libraries be required to notify the Administrator if 
their service provider submits invoices for Wi-Fi hotspots or services 
that the school or library knows are not being used by its students, 
school staff, or library patrons, because, for example, the device has 
not been distributed yet? Should the Administrator be directed to seek 
recovery from a service provider that invoices the program for Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services that were not in use during the reimbursement 
period? Should the Commission also prohibit service providers from 
invoicing applicants for periods of non-usage? If there is evidence of 
non-usage of the off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and/or services, should 
schools and libraries be required to file an FCC Form 500, or other 
post-commitment request, to reflect the actual periods of time that the 
Wi-Fi hotspots and services were in use by their students, school 
staff, or library patrons? Should E-Rate participants that improperly 
received E-Rate support for unused Wi-Fi hotspots and/or services not 
be eligible to request E-Rate support for off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots 
and services in future funding years? Or should the school or library 
be required to reduce their funding requests by the amount of funding 
related to the unused Wi-Fi hotspots and services in future funding 
years? The Commission seeks comment on these questions and ways to 
ensure the off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and services are actually being 
used for their intended purpose of providing broadband connectivity to 
students, school staff, and library patrons who lack access and are 
used for educational purposes.
3. Duplicative Funding
    31. The Commission seeks comment on what safeguards are necessary 
to prevent duplicative funding for the same off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots 
and/or services across the federal universal service programs and other 
funding programs, including federal, state, Tribal, or local programs. 
For example, the ACP provides discounts to help low-income households 
pay for the home broadband service and connected devices needed for 
critical activities like work and school. However, a household may 
justifiably receive support from multiple universal service programs at 
the same time: for instance, a household may receive a Lifeline-
supported discount on mobile broadband and voice service for a cellular 
phone that a parent takes with them to work, while separately receiving 
support for a Wi-Fi hotspot to help a child in that same household 
complete their homework on a school-issued laptop. How can the 
Commission ensure that funding sought for internet access services 
through the E-Rate program will not be duplicative of funding received 
through other programs, like the ACP, for home internet access, while 
recognizing that a household may permissibly benefit from multiple 
federal universal service programs simultaneously? If schools and 
libraries already provide off-premises access for their students, 
school staff, and patrons through ECF or other sources of funding, 
should those schools and libraries be prohibited from using E-Rate 
support for that same purpose? For example, how does the Commission 
ensure that schools and libraries that have purchased Wi-Fi hotspots 
with ECF support do not purchase new hotspots with E-Rate support prior 
to the end of the useful life of the ECF-funded hotspots? To help us 
assess this issue, the Commission asks commenters to identify any ECF 
support or other sources of funding currently being used by schools or 
libraries to subsidize off-premises access for students, school staff, 
and library patrons that would eliminate or reduce the need for E-Rate-
supported Wi-Fi hotspots. Would a certification by the school or 
library be sufficient to indicate that E-Rate support is only being 
sought for eligible students, school staff, or library patrons and the 
school or library does not already have access to Wi-Fi hotspots 
purchased with ECF support or other sources of funding? The Commission 
seeks comment on how to prevent duplicative funding between E-Rate, 
ECF, and other funding programs, including federal, state, Tribal, or 
local programs.
4. Recordkeeping
    32. The Commission's rules currently requires schools and libraries 
to retain all documentation related to the application, receipt, and 
delivery of eligible services received through the E-Rate program for 
at least ten years after the last date of the delivery of services. The 
Commission proposes to apply existing E-Rate recordkeeping requirements 
to funding provided for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services. The Commission seeks comment on this proposal and whether 
additional recordkeeping requirements should be imposed for these 
purposes. For example, while both the E-Rate and ECF rules require 
applicants to maintain inventories of equipment purchased with the 
programs' support, ECF rules require applicants to maintain specific 
information in their equipment and service inventories for each device 
or service purchased with ECF support and provided to an individual 
student, school staff member, or library patron. For each hotspot 
purchased with ECF support, a school or library must maintain the 
device make/model, the device serial number, the name of the person to 
whom the device was provided, and the dates the device was loaned out 
and returned to the school or library. Each ECF-funded service 
inventory must include the type of service provided, the broadband plan 
details (i.e., upload and download speeds and the monthly data cap), 
and the name of the person to whom the service was provided. Should the 
Commission adopts these inventory requirements in the E-Rate program 
for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services? For Wi-Fi 
hotspot lending programs, should the Commission consider library-
specific inventory rules?
    33. The Commission seeks comment on any other issues related to 
maintaining documentation to demonstrate compliance with E-Rate rules 
and certifications. Related to the Commission's unmet need inquiries, 
should applicants be required to maintain records of students', school 
staff members', or library patrons' unmet needs, and if so, what types 
of records should be required (e.g., surveys)? If the Commission 
requires schools and libraries to retain new records regarding unmet 
needs containing PII, how can the Commission address any privacy risks 
to students, families, school staff, and patrons? Related to its non-
usage requirements inquiries, the Commission notes that service 
providers would be required to retain and produce monthly usage reports 
for off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and services funded through the E-Rate 
program under its current rules. Should applicants be required to 
request and retain monthly usage reports from their service providers 
as well? Are there other recordkeeping requirements for the off-
premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services that should be considered 
by the Commission?

D. Legal Authority and Other Outstanding Issues

    34. Several stakeholders have argued that the Commission should, 
and has the authority to, clarify that the E-Rate program may support 
off-premises solutions like Wi-Fi hotspots for extending connectivity 
to students', school staff members', and patrons' homes. For example, 
the Schools, Health & Libraries Broadband (SHLB)

[[Page 85165]]

Coalition argued that section 254(h)(1)(B) of the Communications Act 
does not prohibit the provision of E-Rate support for off-premises 
services; rather, it simply requires a demonstration by E-Rate 
participants that the off-premises use of eligible equipment and 
services primarily serves an educational purpose. Additionally, Apple 
posited that the Commission should determine that equipment and 
services that support remote learning, like Wi-Fi hotspots, are 
eligible for E-Rate support because they ``enhance . . . access to 
advanced telecommunications and information services'' for schools and 
libraries under section 254(h)(2)(A) of the Communications Act. The 
Commission tentatively concludes, consistent with the recent Wi-Fi on 
School Buses Declaratory Ruling and the Commission's past 
determinations regarding the off-campus use of certain E-Rate services, 
that the Commission has authority under section 254 of the 
Communications Act to permit eligible schools and libraries to receive 
E-Rate support for Wi-Fi hotspots and wireless internet services that 
may be used off-premises. The Commission seeks comment on its tentative 
conclusion and the scope of the Commission's relevant legal authority, 
including the applicability of CIPA requirements.
    35. First, the Commission tentatively concludes that such Wi-Fi 
hotspot and wireless internet services that may be used off-premises 
and are targeted for use by students and educators constitute services 
that are ``provide[d] . . . to elementary schools, secondary schools, 
and libraries,'' and thus may be supported pursuant to section 
254(h)(1)(B) of the Communications Act when used ``for educational 
purposes.'' The Commission seeks comment on this tentative conclusion, 
including that the reference to ``elementary schools, secondary 
schools, and libraries'' does not constrain us from supporting off-
premises use of such services for educational purposes. The Commission 
also seeks comment on whether and under what circumstances the off-
premises use of wireless services, and the Wi-Fi hotspots needed to 
deliver such services, by students, school staff, and library patrons 
at locations other than at a school or library constitutes an 
educational purpose under section 254(h)(1)(B) of the Communications 
Act. Taking into consideration the lack of a reliable broadband 
connection at some students', school staff members', and library 
patrons' homes, and the increasing need for connectivity in today's 
technology-based educational environment that extends learning beyond a 
school or library building (e.g., for virtual classes, electronic 
research projects, homework assignments, virtual library resources, and 
job or government assistance applications), as well as its experience 
connecting students, school staff, and library patrons using ECF-funded 
Wi-Fi hotspots and services, the Commission specifically proposes that 
the off-premises use of mobile wireless services and the Wi-Fi hotspots 
needed to deliver such connectivity is integral, immediate, and 
proximate to the education of students, or in the case of libraries, 
integral, immediate, and proximate to the provision of library 
services. The Commission seeks comment on this proposal and invite 
commenters to provide specific examples of how Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services used off-premises serve an educational purpose. As discussed 
in greater detail above, the Commission also seeks comment on the 
necessary safeguards to ensure that this off-premises use is primarily 
for educational purposes, consistent with its rules and section 
254(h)(1)(B) of the Communications Act.
    36. Next, the Commission seeks comment on whether supporting Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services is consistent with the Commission's precedent 
permitting certain off-premises uses of other E-Rate-funded services. 
Although prior off-premises uses permitted by the Commission were 
limited to telecommunications services, the Commission has expressly 
rejected the assertion that the support provided under section 254(h) 
of the Communications Act is limited to telecommunications services. 
Specifically, in the First Universal Service Order, 62 FR 32862, June 
17, 1997, the Commission concluded that section 254(h)(1)(B) through 
section 254(c)(3) of the Communications Act authorizes universal 
service support for telecommunications services and additional services 
such as information services. Furthermore, in the Wi-Fi on School Buses 
Declaratory Ruling, the Commission concluded that the provision of 
support for Wi-Fi on school buses fit squarely within its authority 
under section 254(h)(1)(B) to designate `` `services that are within 
the definition of universal service under subsection (c)(3),' which 
itself authorizes the Commission to designate non-telecommunications 
services for support under E-Rate.'' To the extent section 254(h)(1)(B) 
of the Communications Act encompasses additional services, such as 
information services, does the Commission have a basis to authorize 
support under that subsection for wireless Internet access services 
needed for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots?
    37. The Commission also seeks comment on how the Commission should 
reconcile the authority provided under section 254(h)(1)(B) of the 
Communications Act to support certain ``services'' with the fact that 
Wi-Fi hotspots are physical devices needed to provide those services. 
In the First Universal Service Order, for example, the Commission 
specifically concluded that ``it can include `the information services' 
e.g., protocol conversion and information storage, that are needed to 
access the Internet, as well as internal connections, as `additional 
services' that section 254(h)(1)(B), through section 254(c)(3), 
authorizes us to support.'' Consistent with that precedent, the 
Commission tentatively concludes that the Commission has authority 
under section 254(h)(1)(B) through section 254(c)(3) of the 
Communications Act to support the Wi-Fi hotspot devices that are needed 
for the off-premises use of the broadband services. The Commission 
invites comment on its tentative conclusion.
    38. Further, the Commission tentatively concludes that providing E-
Rate support for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services 
``enhance[s], to the extent technically feasible and economically 
reasonable, access to advanced telecommunications and information 
services for all public and nonprofit elementary and secondary school 
classrooms . . . and libraries'' consistent with section 254(h)(2)(A) 
of the Communications Act. Funding the off-premises use of Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services will help provide the broadband connectivity 
necessary to support the ability of schools and libraries to facilitate 
remote learning for students, school staff, and library patrons who 
lack access when they are away from school or library premises and will 
allow schools and libraries to provide digital educational resources at 
anytime from anywhere. Therefore, the Commission believes the action 
proposed today will enhance schools' and libraries' access to advanced 
telecommunications and information services under section 254(h)(2)(A) 
of the Communications Act. The Commission seeks comment on this 
interpretation.
    39. The Commission also tentatively concludes that this proposal is 
consistent with the Commission's exercise of its authority under 
section 254(h)(2)(A) of the Communications Act to establish the 
Connected Care Pilot Program and in its recent Declaratory Ruling 
clarifying that use of Wi-Fi

[[Page 85166]]

services on school buses is an educational purpose and, therefore, can 
be eligible for E-Rate support. In establishing the Connected Care 
Pilot Program, the Commission found that providing support for 
patients' home broadband connections expanded health care providers' 
digital footprints for purposes of providing connected care services 
and allowed health care providers to serve more patients through the 
pilot program, thus enhancing eligible health care providers' access to 
advanced telecommunications and information services. Similarly, in the 
recent Wi-Fi on School Buses Declaratory Ruling, the Commission found 
that ``the use of Wi-Fi on school buses to aid the many students who 
lack robust internet access at home similarly enhances eligible 
schools' and libraries' access to advanced telecommunications and 
information services.'' Would funding Wi-Fi hotspots and services to 
provide off-premises connectivity to students, school staff, and 
library patrons who lack access similarly enhance eligible schools' and 
libraries' access to advanced telecommunications and information 
services? The Commission seeks comment on its tentative conclusion.
    40. Off-Premises Limitations. In tentatively concluding that 
providing E-Rate support for off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services is consistent with section 254(h)(2)(A) of the Communications 
Act, the Commission also seeks comment on how today's modern 
educational environment has evolved for the purposes of enhancing 
affordable access to 21st Century broadband services capable of 
supporting today's digital learning. The Commission has long recognized 
the evolving nature of educational technology, noting in the 2010 
National Broadband Plan that ``[o]nline educational systems are rapidly 
taking learning outside the classroom, creating a potential situation 
where students with access to broadband at home will have an even 
greater advantage over those students who can only access these 
resources at their public schools and libraries.'' Over a decade later, 
and in the wake of nationwide school and library shutdowns, the need 
for connectivity for remote learning has become only more pronounced. 
There is little doubt that advances in technology have enabled students 
to continue to learn well after the school bell rings, including from 
their homes or other locations like, for example, youth centers. 
Today's learning settings have evolved, and learning now occurs outside 
of the school or library building, increasing the need to have 
broadband connections for educational success. As such, the Commission 
seeks comment on its tentative conclusion that the reference in section 
254(h)(2)(A) of the Communications Act to ``elementary and secondary 
school classrooms . . . and libraries'' extends to student, school 
staff, and library patron homes, given that today's educational 
environment clearly extends outside of the physical school or library 
building. Does the modern student, school staff member, or library 
patron require internet access outside of school or library premises to 
achieve their educational goals? Is there data showing the extent to 
which certain educational activities take place in both the physical 
on-premises classroom and other off-premises locations? What about the 
extent to which students are required to do homework or engage in 
remote learning beyond school or library premises? The Commission 
invites commenters to share their experiences with the increasingly 
virtual nature of the modern educational environment and how evolving 
technologies have changed education.
    41. As noted, Congress did not define ``classrooms'' for the 
purposes of section 254(h)(2)(A) of the Communications Act. In the 
First Universal Service Order, the Commission concluded that the 
statutory reference to ``classrooms'' demonstrated that Congress 
intended to fund service to each individual classroom but did not 
define the term. More recently, the Commission determined that ``in 
today's world, teaching and learning often occur outside of brick and 
mortar school buildings and thus `classroom' may be interpreted more 
broadly,'' which may include, for example, school buses. The Commission 
seeks comment on whether the Commission should adopt a definition of 
``classrooms'' for the purposes of the E-Rate program and what would be 
an appropriate definition to adequately cover the modern learning 
environment. Do homes and other off-premises locations (i.e., community 
centers, after-school centers, etc.) function as ``virtual classrooms'' 
within the meaning of ``classrooms'' as used in section 254(h)(2)(A) of 
the Communications Act, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic? 
Furthermore, in establishing universal service support for schools and 
libraries, Congress explained that the intent of the support authorized 
under subsection (h)(2) is to ``enhance the availability of advanced 
telecommunications and information services to public institutional 
telecommunications users'' and to ensure ``Americans everywhere'' have 
access ``via schools and libraries.'' The Commission seeks comment on 
whether interpreting ``classroom'' to mean an in-person, on-premises 
setting would bar any intended Americans from benefiting from supported 
advanced telecommunications and information services. Alternatively, 
would a broader interpretation of ``classrooms'' to include locations 
other than the school or library and that focuses on the intended 
beneficiaries' (i.e., ``Americans everywhere'') ability to access 
educational services, rather than the exact location of the services, 
be consistent with Congress's intent? Relatedly, if the Commission 
adopts a broader interpretation of ``classrooms'', is there a 
definition that strikes a balance between ensuring access to 
educational services in this evolving learning environment while also 
establishing boundaries to ensure that the off-premises use of E-Rate-
supported services remains the exception to the general presumption 
that activities that occur on library or school property serve an 
educational purpose? The Commission emphasizes that any determination 
of support for off-premises use of E-Rate-supported services will still 
be subject to the relevant statutory requirements discussed herein, 
including that the Commission first finds that the off-premises 
provision of such services serves an educational purpose pursuant to 
section 254(h)(1)(B), and enhances, to the extent technically feasible 
and economically reasonable, access to advanced telecommunications and 
information services under section 254(h)(2)(A) of the Communications 
Act. The Commission seeks comment on whether these limitations are 
sufficient to ensure that E-Rate funding is being used for its intended 
purposes.
    42. The Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA). The Commission 
seeks comment on the applicability of the Children's Internet 
Protection Act (CIPA) when connecting to internet made available by E-
Rate-funded Wi-Fi hotspots and services. Congress enacted CIPA to 
protect children from exposure to harmful material while accessing the 
internet from a school or library. In enacting CIPA, Congress was 
particularly concerned with protecting children from exposure to 
material that was obscene, child pornography, or otherwise 
inappropriate for minors (i.e., harmful content). CIPA prohibits 
certain schools and libraries from receiving funding under section 
254(h)(1)(B) of the Communications Act for internet access, internet 
service, or internal

[[Page 85167]]

connections, unless they comply with specific internet safety 
requirements. Specifically, CIPA applies to schools and libraries 
``having computers with internet access,'' and requires each such 
school or library to certify that it is enforcing a policy of internet 
safety that includes the operation of a technology protection measure 
``with respect to any of its computers with internet access.'' Schools, 
but not libraries, must also monitor the online activities of minors 
and provide education about appropriate online behavior, including 
warnings against cyberbullying. The Commission tentatively concludes 
that the requirements of CIPA would apply to school- or library-owned 
computers being used off-premises if the school or library receives 
internet service, internet access, or network connection services or 
related equipment (including Wi-Fi hotspots) funded through the E-Rate 
program, and seek comment on this conclusion.
    43. In the ECF program, the Commission found that the purchase of 
hotspots would qualify as the purchase of network equipment for 
internet access, internet service, or internal connections, and would 
trigger CIPA compliance for the purchasing school or library only if 
used with any school- or library-owned computers. Similarly, other ECF-
funded recurring internet access or internet services (if any) used 
off-premises triggers CIPA compliance if used with any school- or 
library-owned computer. On the other hand, the Commission determined 
for the ECF program that CIPA does not apply to the use of any third-
party-owned device, even if that device is connecting to a school's or 
library's ECF-funded hotspot or other ECF-funded internet access or 
internet service. The Commission seeks comment on whether this is the 
appropriate interpretation of CIPA with regard to E-Rate-funded Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services used off-premises as discussed further below.
    44. At the time of CIPA's enactment, schools and libraries 
primarily owned one or two stationary computer terminals that were used 
solely on-premises. Today, it is commonplace for students, school 
staff, and library patrons to carry internet-enabled devices onto 
school or library premises and for schools and libraries to allow 
third-party-owned devices access to their internet and broadband 
networks. In view of the changes in technology and the wider range of 
internet-enabled devices in circulation today, the Commission seeks 
comment on whether its current interpretation of CIPA's applicability 
to computers owned by schools or libraries that receive E-Rate-funded 
internet service, internet access, or internal connections achieves 
CIPA's intended purpose of protecting minors from exposure to harmful 
content while accessing internet services provided by a school or 
library. Are students or library patrons able to access content that is 
obscene, child pornography, or harmful to minors through E-Rate-funded 
internet or internal connections when they use their own (i.e., third-
party) computers or devices? What steps can the Commission take to 
ensure that E-Rate funding is not being used to facilitate minors' 
access to harmful content, including when using third-party-owned 
devices to connect to E-Rate-funded internet access, internet service, 
or internal connections? The Commission also understands that many 
mobile broadband service providers include network-level filtering in 
their service offerings and that many schools and libraries already 
deploy network-level technology protection measures. The Commission 
seeks comment on whether it can and should require or encourage 
filtering and other technology protection measures to be implemented at 
the network-level to ensure that minors are not accessing harmful 
content through E-Rate-funded internet access, internet service, or 
internal connections. The Commission invites input from commenters on 
their experiences implementing and using network-level protections to 
protect minors from accessing harmful content.
    45. The Commission also invites comment on the scope of the 
Commission's authority to impose requirements on third-party-owned 
devices pursuant to CIPA. For example, the Commission seeks comment on 
whether the requirement in section 254(h)(5)(B)(i) of the 
Communications Act that requires schools to certify that their internet 
safety policy ``includes monitoring the online activities of minors'' 
could be construed to extend to third-party-owned devices, 
notwithstanding other language in CIPA that suggests that its 
applicability is limited to school- or library-owned computers. Should 
monitoring the online activities of minors requirement apply to third-
party-owned devices that use or access E-Rate-funded internet access, 
internet service, or internal connections? Is that interpretation 
consistent with Congress's intent ``to protect America's children from 
exposure to obscene material, child pornography, or other material 
deemed inappropriate for minors while accessing the internet from a 
school or library receiving Federal Universal Service assistance for 
provisions of internet access, internet service, or internal 
connection''? The Commission seeks information about current practices 
that would assist the Commission in formulating policies that reflect 
the importance of CIPA protections in the context of more modern uses 
of the internet services supported by E-Rate.
    46. The Commission also seeks comment on how CIPA's requirements 
are being met remotely and whether the Commission's existing CIPA-
related rules adequately cover off-premises use. What measures are ECF 
recipients taking to comply with CIPA when providing ECF-funded 
hotspots for use on school- or library-owned computers? How are 
libraries balancing CIPA requirements and the needs of library patrons 
who rely on E-Rate-funded internet access or internal connections for 
remote learning and other E-Rate approved uses (e.g., job searching)? 
The Commission seeks comment on these questions and whether there may 
be other circumstances it has not considered related to the application 
of CIPA to the proposals in the NPRM.
    47. Finally, the Commission acknowledges there are privacy concerns 
related to certain CIPA requirements, particularly as it relates to 
library patrons' data that is often subject to various federal and/or 
state privacy laws. The Commission seeks comment on these privacy-
related issues and encourage commenters to be specific about how CIPA 
can be applied to ensure minors who are using E-Rate-funded Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services are protected from harmful online content, as 
intended by Congress. The Commission also seeks comment on any privacy-
related implications if network-level filtering or other technology 
protection measures are required for third-party-owned devices that 
access E-Rate funded internet or internal connections.

E. Promoting Digital Equity and Inclusion

    48. The Commission, as part of its continuing effort to advance 
digital equity for all, including people of color, persons with 
disabilities, persons who live in rural or Tribal areas, and others who 
are or have been historically underserved, marginalized, or adversely 
affected by persistent poverty or inequality, invites comment on any 
equity-related considerations and benefits (if any) that may be 
associated with the proposals and issues discussed herein. 
Specifically, the Commission seeks comment on how its proposals may 
promote or inhibit advances in diversity, equity, inclusion, and

[[Page 85168]]

accessibility, as well the scope of the Commission's relevant legal 
authority.

III. Procedural Matters

    49. Regulatory Flexibility Act. As required by the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended (RFA), the Commission has prepared 
this Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) of the possible 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities 
by the policies and rules proposed in the Addressing the Homework Gap 
through the E-Rate Program, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM). 
Written public comments are requested on this IRFA. Comments must be 
identified as responses to the IRFA and must be filed by the deadlines 
for comments in the NPRM. The Commission will send a copy of the NPRM, 
including this IRFA, to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small 
Business Administration (SBA).
    50. The Commission's E-Rate program provides support to schools and 
libraries, allowing them to obtain affordable, high-speed broadband 
services and internal connections, which enables them to connect 
students and library patrons to critical next-generation learning 
opportunities and services. The primary objectives of the NPRM are to 
address the remote learning needs of today's students, school staff, 
and library patrons and to help close the country's digital and 
educational divide (sometimes referred to as the Homework Gap), 
particularly once ECF program funding for off-premises broadband 
connectivity ends on June 30, 2024. To achieve these objectives, the 
NPRM proposes to make the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services by students, school staff, and library patrons who would 
otherwise be unable to engage in remote learning eligible for E-Rate 
support.
    51. The Commission seeks comments on its proposal to address the 
Homework Gap through the E-Rate program. Based on the Commission's 
experience gained through the ECF program, its prior record, and other 
data sources, the Commission believes that there are significant 
benefits and need for the proposed rules in continuing to fund the off-
premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services for students, school staff, 
and library patrons who would otherwise be unable to fully engage in 
remote learning. The NPRM requests comments on multiple ways to 
implement funding for the off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and 
services within the existing E-Rate program processes, including 
eligibility limits and how to prioritize requests for off-premises Wi-
Fi hotspots and services to help balance service needs with limited E-
Rate funding. It also seeks comments on how to ensure cost-effective 
purchases and the potential challenges associated with conducting 
competitive bidding for off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and services. 
Additionally, the NPRM seeks comments on what actions are necessary to 
safeguard these critical funds from potential waste, fraud, or abuse, 
for example, how to ensure the off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and services 
are being used by the intended recipient and serve an educational 
purpose. The Commission also seeks comment on modifying the 
recordkeeping requirements to require applicants to maintain equipment 
and service inventories for off-premises Wi-Fi hotspots and services 
purchased with E-Rate support. Furthermore, the NPRM seeks comments on 
how to protect minor online users from harmful content.
    52. The proposed action is authorized pursuant to sections 1 
through 4, 201-202, 254, 303(r), and 403 of the Communications Act of 
1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C. 151 through 154, 201-202, 254, 303(r), and 
403.
    53. The RFA directs agencies to provide a description of and, where 
feasible, an estimate of the number of small entities that may be 
affected by the proposed rules, if adopted. The RFA generally defines 
the term ``small entity'' as having the same meaning as the terms 
``small business,'' ``small organization,'' and ``small governmental 
jurisdiction.'' In addition, the term ``small business'' has the same 
meaning as the term ``small business concern'' under the Small Business 
Act. A small business concern is one that: (1) is independently owned 
and operated; (2) is not dominant in its field of operation; and (3) 
satisfies any additional criteria established by the SBA.
    54. Small Businesses, Small Organizations, Small Governmental 
Jurisdictions. The Commission's actions, over time, may affect small 
entities that are not easily categorized at present. The Commission 
therefore describes, at the outset, three broad groups of small 
entities that could be directly affected herein. First, while there are 
industry specific size standards for small businesses that are used in 
the regulatory flexibility analysis, according to data from the Small 
Business Administration's (SBA) Office of Advocacy, in general a small 
business is an independent business having fewer than 500 employees. 
These types of small businesses represent 99.9% of all businesses in 
the United States, which translates to 33.2 million businesses.
    55. Next, the type of small entity described as a ``small 
organization'' is generally ``any not-for-profit enterprise which is 
independently owned and operated and is not dominant in its field.'' 
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) uses a revenue benchmark of $50,000 
or less to delineate its annual electronic filing requirements for 
small exempt organizations. Nationwide, for tax year 2020, there were 
approximately 447,689 small exempt organizations in the U.S. reporting 
revenues of $50,000 or less according to the registration and tax data 
for exempt organizations available from the IRS.
    56. Finally, the small entity described as a ``small governmental 
jurisdiction'' is defined generally as ``governments of cities, 
counties, towns, townships, villages, school districts, or special 
districts, with a population of less than fifty thousand.'' U.S. Census 
Bureau data from the 2017 Census of Governments indicate there were 
90,075 local governmental jurisdictions consisting of general purpose 
governments and special purpose governments in the United States. Of 
this number, there were 36,931 general purpose governments (county, 
municipal, and town or township) with populations of less than 50,000 
and 12,040 special purpose governments--independent school districts 
with enrollment populations of less than 50,000. Accordingly, based on 
the 2017 U.S. Census of Governments data, the Commission estimates that 
at least 48,971 entities fall into the category of ``small governmental 
jurisdictions.''
    57. Small entities potentially affected by the rules herein include 
Schools, Libraries, Wired Telecommunications Carriers, All Other 
Telecommunications, Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except 
Satellite), Wireless Telephony, Wired Broadband internet Access Service 
Providers (Wired ISPs), Wireless Broadband internet Access Service 
Providers (Wireless ISPs or WISPs), internet Service Providers (Non-
Broadband), Vendors of Infrastructure Development or Network Buildout, 
Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing, and Radio and Television 
Broadcasting and Wireless Communications Equipment Manufacturing.
    58. The potential rule changes discussed in the NPRM if adopted, 
could impose some new or modified reporting, recordkeeping, or other 
compliance requirements on small entities. The NPRM proposes to apply 
existing E-Rate recordkeeping requirements to funding provided for the 
off-premises use of Wi-Fi hotspots and services and seeks comment on

[[Page 85169]]

whether additional recordkeeping requirements should be imposed, such 
as the requirement in the ECF program to maintain detailed equipment 
and service inventories for each device or service purchased with ECF 
support and provided to an individual student, school staff member, or 
library patron. The proposed actions would require schools and 
libraries to maintain inventory records of the Wi-Fi hotspot device 
make/model, the device serial number, the name of the person to whom 
the device was provided, and the dates the device was loaned out and 
returned to the school or library; and for services, the type of 
service provided, the broadband plan details (i.e., upload and download 
speeds and the monthly data cap), and the name of the person to whom 
the service was provided. To ensure the equipment and services are 
being used, the NPRM also seeks comment on whether applicants and/or 
service providers should be required to retain and produce monthly 
usage reports for Wi-Fi hotspots and services funded through the E-Rate 
program.
    59. Additionally, regarding the Commission's proposal to prioritize 
for students, school staff, and library patrons that lack internet 
access outside of school or library premises, the NPRM asks whether 
applicants should be required to determine and maintain records of 
students', school staff members', or library patrons' unmet need by, 
for example, conducting surveys. Although, new recordkeeping 
requirements may be implemented if the proposals in the NPRM are 
adopted, most of the recordkeeping would be similar to what most 
applicants, including small entities, are already familiar with and 
currently undertaking for the E-Rate and ECF programs.
    60. In assessing the cost of compliance for small entities, at this 
time the Commission cannot quantify the cost of compliance with any of 
the potential rule changes that may be adopted. Further, the Commission 
is not in a position to determine whether, if adopted, the proposals 
and matters upon which the NPRM seeks comment will require small 
entities to hire professionals to comply. The information the 
Commission receives in comments, including, where requested, cost 
information, will help the Commission identify and evaluate relevant 
compliance matters for small entities, including compliance costs and 
other burdens that may result from potential changes discussed in the 
NPRM.
    61. The RFA requires an agency to describe any significant, 
specifically small business, alternatives that it has considered in 
reaching its proposed approach, which may include the following four 
alternatives (among others): ``(1) the establishment of differing 
compliance or reporting requirements or timetables that take into 
account the resources available to small entities; (2) the 
clarification, consolidation, or simplification of compliance and 
reporting requirements under the rule for such small entities; (3) the 
use of performance rather than design standards; and (4) an exemption 
from coverage of the rule, or any part thereof, for such small 
entities.''
    62. In the NPRM, the Commission takes steps to minimize the 
economic impact on small entities of the proposed changes to the E-Rate 
program on which it seeks comment. Absent the proposed action, schools 
and libraries receiving ECF program support may no longer be able to 
provide the broadband connectivity needed to engage in remote learning 
to their students, school staff, and library patrons once the program 
ends. The NPRM therefore proposes to make the off-premises use of Wi-Fi 
hotspots and services eligible for E-Rate funding to support remote 
learning for students, school staff, and library patrons with unmet 
needs, which, if adopted, will reduce the burden on applicants, 
including small entities, who seek to provide students, school staff, 
and library patrons the off-premise broadband connectivity needed for 
educational success. This proposal will also lessen the administrative 
requirements of cost-allocating certain portions of services used off-
premises from applicants' funding requests. The NPRM also seeks comment 
relevant to small entities, including entities in remote areas, by 
asking how to conduct competitive bidding for off-premises wireless 
services delivered to multiple locations.
    63. Additionally, the NPRM invites commenters to suggest other 
measures or alternatives the Commission should consider to best 
implement E-Rate funding for Wi-Fi hotspots and internet services for 
off-premises use. This may result in proposals from small entities that 
lessen the economic impact of the proposed changes to the E-Rate 
program, and increase their participation. The Commission expects the 
information received in the comments to allow it to more fully consider 
ways to minimize the economic impact on small entities and explore 
additional alternatives to improve and simplify opportunities for small 
entities to participate in the E-Rate program.
    64. Federal Rules that May Duplicate, Overlap, or Conflict with the 
Proposed Rules. None.
    65. Paperwork Reduction Act. This document seeks comment on 
possible modified information collection requirements. The Commission, 
as part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork burdens, invites 
the general public and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to 
comment on the information collection requirements contained in this 
document, as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, Public 
Law 104-13. In addition, pursuant to the Small Business Paperwork 
Relief Act of 2002, Public Law 107-198, see 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(4), the 
Commission seeks specific comment on how it might further reduce the 
information collection burden for small business concerns with fewer 
than 25 employees.
    66. Providing Accountability Through Transparency Act. Consistent 
with the Providing Accountability Through Transparency Act, Public Law 
118-9, a summary of this document will be available on https://www.fcc.gov/proposed-rulemakings.
    67. Ex Parte Rules--Permit but Disclose. Pursuant to section 
1.1200(a) of the Commission's rules, the NPRM shall be treated as a 
``permit-but-disclose'' proceeding in accordance with the Commission's 
ex parte rules. Persons making ex parte presentations must file a copy 
of any written presentation or a memorandum summarizing any oral 
presentation within two business days after the presentation (unless a 
different deadline applicable to the Sunshine period applies). Persons 
making oral ex parte presentations are reminded that memoranda 
summarizing the presentation must (1) list all persons attending or 
otherwise participating in the meeting at which the ex parte 
presentation was made, and (2) summarize all data presented and 
arguments made during the presentation. If the presentation consisted 
in whole or in part of the presentation of data or arguments already 
reflected in the presenter's written comments, memoranda, or other 
filings in the proceeding, the presenter may provide citations to such 
data or arguments in his or her prior comments, memoranda, or other 
filings (specifying the relevant page and/or paragraph numbers where 
such data or arguments can be found) in lieu of summarizing them in the 
memorandum. Documents shown or given to Commission staff during ex 
parte meetings are deemed to be written ex parte presentations and must 
be filed consistent with section

[[Page 85170]]

1.1206(b). In proceedings governed by rule 1.49(f) or for which the 
Commission has made available a method of electronic filing, written ex 
parte presentations and memoranda summarizing oral ex parte 
presentations, and all attachments thereto, must be filed through the 
electronic comment filing system available for that proceeding, and 
must be filed in their native format (e.g.,.doc,.xml,.ppt, 
searchable.pdf). Participants in this proceeding should familiarize 
themselves with the Commission's ex parte rules.

IV. Ordering Clauses

    68. Accordingly, it is ordered that, pursuant to the authority 
found in sections 1 through 4, 201-202, 254, 303(r), and 403 of the 
Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 U.S.C. 151 through 154, 201 
through 202, 254, 303(r), and 403, this Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 
is adopted.
    69. It is further ordered that the Commission's Consumer and 
Governmental Affairs Bureau, Reference Information Center, shall send a 
copy of this Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, including the Initial 
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis, to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of 
the Small Business Administration.

List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 54

    Communications common carriers, Hotspots, Internet, Libraries, 
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Schools, Telecommunications, 
Telephone.

Federal Communications Commission.
Marlene Dortch,
Secretary.

    For the reasons set forth above, the Federal Communications 
Commission proposes to amend part 54 of title 47 of the Code of Federal 
Regulations as follows:

PART 54--UNIVERSAL SERVICE

0
1. The authority citation for part 54 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 47 U.S.C. 151, 154(i), 155, 201, 205, 214, 219, 220, 
229, 254, 303(r), 403, 1004, 1302, 1601-1609, and 1752, unless 
otherwise noted.

0
2. Amend section 54.504 by adding paragraphs (a)(1)(x) through (xiii), 
and adding paragraph (f)(6) to read as follows:


Sec.  54.504  Requests for services.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (x) If requesting support for Wi-Fi hotspots and service for use 
off-premises, the school or school consortium listed on the FCC Form 
471 application is only seeking support for eligible equipment and/or 
services provided to students and school staff who would otherwise lack 
internet access service sufficient to engage in remote learning.
    (xi) If requesting support for Wi-Fi hotspots and service for use 
off-premises, the library or library consortium listed on the FCC Form 
471 application is only seeking support for eligible equipment and/or 
services provided to library patrons who have signed and returned a 
statement (physically or electronically) that the library patron would 
otherwise lack access but for the use of equipment and/or service 
provided by the library.
    (xii) If requesting support for Wi-Fi hotspots and service for use 
off-premises, the school, library, or consortium is not seeking support 
and reimbursement for eligible equipment and/or services that have been 
purchased and reimbursed in full with other federal, state, Tribal, or 
local funding, or providing duplicative equipment and/or services to a 
student, school staff member, or library patron.
    (xiii) The school, library, or consortium will create and maintain 
an equipment and service inventory as required by Sec.  54.516(a)(3).
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (6) If requesting reimbursement for Wi-Fi hotspots and service for 
use off-premises, the service provider will provide the school, 
library, or consortium with notice if a student, school staff member, 
or library patron has not used the equipment and/or service within the 
past [30] days and will not willfully or knowingly request 
reimbursement or invoice the school, library, or consortium for 
eligible equipment and/or services that were not used. The service 
provider shall provide the school, library, or consortium with monthly 
usage data upon request.
0
3. Amend Section 54.516 by revising paragraph (a)(1), adding paragraph 
(a)(3), and revising paragraph (b) to read as follows:


Sec.  54.516  Auditing and inspections.

    (a) * * *
    (1) Schools, libraries, and consortia. Schools, libraries, and any 
consortium that includes schools or libraries shall retain all 
documents related to the application for, receipt, and delivery of 
supported services for at least 10 years after the latter of the last 
day of the applicable funding year or the service delivery deadline for 
the funding request. Any other document that demonstrates compliance 
with the statutory or regulatory requirements for the schools and 
libraries mechanism shall be retained as well. Subject to paragraph 
(a)(3) of this section, schools, libraries, and consortia shall 
maintain asset and service inventory records for a period of 10 years 
from the last date of service or delivery of equipment.
* * * * *
    (3) Asset and service inventory requirements. Schools, libraries, 
and consortia shall keep asset and service inventories as follows:
    (i) For equipment purchased as components of supported category two 
services, the asset inventory must be sufficient to verify the actual 
location of such equipment.
    (ii) For each Wi-Fi hotspot provided to an individual student, 
school staff member, or library patron, the asset inventory must 
identify:
    (A) The device or equipment make/model;
    (B) The device or equipment serial number;
    (C) The full name of the person to whom the device or other piece 
of equipment was provided; and
    (D) The dates the device or other piece of equipment was loaned out 
and returned to the school or library, or the date the school or 
library was notified that the device or other piece of equipment was 
missing, lost, or damaged.
    (iii) For mobile wireless services provided through Wi-Fi hotspots 
to individual students, school staff, or library patrons, the service 
inventory must contain:
    (A) The type of service provided (i.e., mobile wireless);
    (B) The service plan details, including upload and download speeds 
and any monthly data cap; and
    (C) The full name of the person(s) to whom the service was 
provided.
    (b) Production of Records. Schools, libraries, consortia, and 
service providers shall produce such records at the request of any 
representative (including any auditor) appointed by a state education 
department, the Administrator, the FCC, or any local, state, or federal 
agency with jurisdiction over the entity. Where necessary for 
compliance with Federal or state privacy laws, E-Rate participants may 
produce records regarding students, school staff, and library patrons 
in an anonymized or deidentified format. When requested by the 
Administrator or the Commission, as part of an audit or investigation, 
schools, libraries, and consortia must seek consent to provide 
personally identifiable information from

[[Page 85171]]

a student who has reach age of majority, the relevant parent/guardian 
of a minor student, or the school staff member or library patron prior 
to disclosure.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2023-26033 Filed 12-6-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712-01-P