Digital Low Power Television and Television Translator Stations, 59455-59469 [2023-17414]
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Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 166 / Tuesday, August 29, 2023 / Rules and Regulations
Department of Homeland Security Delegation
No. 00170.1, Revision No. 01.3.
or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities between the Federal
Government and Indian tribes.
F. Environment
We have analyzed this rule under
Department of Homeland Security
Directive 023–01, Rev. 1, associated
implementing instructions, and
Environmental Planning COMDTINST
5090.1 (series), which guide the Coast
Guard in complying with the National
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42
U.S.C. 4321–4370f), and have
determined that this action is one of a
category of actions that do not
individually or cumulatively have a
significant effect on the human
environment. This rule involves a safety
zone lasting that will prohibit entry
within certain navigable waters of
Lahaina Boat Basin. It is categorically
excluded from further review under
paragraph L60(d) of Appendix A, Table
1 of DHS Instruction Manual 023–01–
001–01, Rev. 1.
G. Protest Activities
The Coast Guard respects the First
Amendment rights of protesters.
Protesters are asked to call or email the
person listed in the FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT section to
coordinate protest activities so that your
message can be received without
jeopardizing the safety or security of
people, places, or vessels.
ddrumheller on DSK120RN23PROD with RULES1
2. Add § 165.T14–0743 to read as
follows:
■
E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1531–1538) requires
Federal agencies to assess the effects of
their discretionary regulatory actions. In
particular, the Act addresses actions
that may result in the expenditure by a
State, local, or tribal government, in the
aggregate, or by the private sector of
$100,000,000 (adjusted for inflation) or
more in any one year. Though this rule
will not result in such an expenditure,
we do discuss the effects of this rule
elsewhere in this preamble.
§ 165.T14–0743 Safety Zone; Pacific
Ocean, Lahaina Boat Basin, Maui, HI—
Emergency Operations and Port Recovery.
(a) Location. The following area is a
safety zone: All waters extending 200
yards from shore starting from the
northernmost boundary at Wahikuli
Wayside Park, Maui, thenceforth to the
southernmost boundary at Launiupoko
Beach Park, Maui.
(b) Definitions. As used in this
section, designated representative
means a Coast Guard Patrol
Commander, including a Coast Guard
coxswain, petty officer, or other officer
operating a Coast Guard vessel and a
Federal, State, and local officer
designated by or assisting the Captain of
the Port Sector Honolulu (COTP) in the
enforcement of the safety zone.
(c) Regulations. Under the general
safety zone regulations in subpart C of
this part, you may not enter the safety
zone described in paragraph (a) of this
section unless authorized by the COTP
or the COTP’s designated representative.
(2) To seek permission to enter,
contact the COTP or the COTP’s
representative by VHF/FM Chanel 16.
Those in the safety zone must comply
with all lawful orders or directions
given to them by the COTP or the
COTP’s designated representative.
(d) Enforcement period. This section
will be enforced August 24, 2023,
through September 27, 2023, unless an
earlier end is announced by broadcast
notice to mariners.
Dated: August 24, 2023.
A.L. Kirksey,
Captain, U.S. Coast Guard, Captain of the
Port Sector Honolulu.
[FR Doc. 2023–18697 Filed 8–25–23; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 9110–04–P
List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 165
Harbors, Marine safety, Navigation
(water), Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Security measures,
Waterways.
For the reasons discussed in the
preamble, the Coast Guard amends 33
CFR part 165 as follows:
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION
PART 165—REGULATED NAVIGATION
AREAS AND LIMITED ACCESS AREAS
AGENCY:
47 CFR Part 74
[MB Docket No. 03–185; FCC 23–58; FR ID
159756]
Digital Low Power Television and
Television Translator Stations
1. The authority citation for part 165
continues to read as follows:
■
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In this document, the Federal
Communications Commission
(Commission or FCC) adopts rules to
SUMMARY:
Authority: 46 U.S.C. 70034, 70051, 70124;
33 CFR 1.05–1, 6.04–1, 6.04–6, and 160.5;
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Federal Communications
Commission.
ACTION: Final rule.
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clarify for all stakeholders the status of
LPTV FM6 service and codify that these
services may be provided by a group of
14 existing FM6 stations, and only by
those stations.
DATES: Effective September 28, 2023,
except for the amendments in
§ 74.790(o)(9) and (10), which are
delayed indefinitely. The Commission
will publish a separate document in the
Federal Register announcing the
effective date of those amendments.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Shaun Maher, Video Division, Media
Bureau at (202) 418–2324 or
Shaun.Maher@fcc.gov, or, Mark
Colombo, Video Division, Media Bureau
at (202) 418–7611 or Mark.Colombo@
fcc.gov. For additional information
concerning the Paperwork Reduction
Act (PRA) information collection
requirements contained in this
document, contact Cathy Williams at
202–418–2918, or Cathy.Williams@
fcc.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a
synopsis of the Commission’s R&O, in
MB Docket No. 03–185; FCC 23–58,
adopted on July 20, 2023, and released
on July 20, 2023. The full text of this
document is available for download at
https://docs.fcc.gov/public/
attachments/FCC-23-58A1.pdf. To
request materials in accessible formats
(braille, large print, computer diskettes,
or audio recordings), please send an
email to FCC504@fcc.gov or call the
Consumer & Government Affairs Bureau
at (202) 418–0530 (VOICE), (202) 418–
0432 (TTY).
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
Analysis
This document contains a new or
modified information collection
requirement subject to the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Public
Law 104–13. It will be submitted to the
Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) for review under section 3507(d)
of the PRA. OMB, the general public,
and other Federal agencies will be
invited to comment on the new or
modified information collection
requirement contained in the
proceeding. These new or modified
information collections will become
effective after the Commission publishes
a document in the Federal Register
announcing such approval and the
relevant effective date. In addition, the
Commission notes that pursuant to the
Small Business Paperwork Relief Act of
2002, (Pub. L. 107–198), it previously
sought specific comment on how it
might ‘‘further reduce the information
collection burden for small business
concerns with fewer than 25
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employees.’’ (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(4)). The
Commission described impacts that
might affect small businesses, which
includes most businesses with fewer
than 25 employees, in the Final
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (FRFA),
attached as Appendix C.
Congressional Review Act
The Commission has determined, and
the Administrator of the Office of
Information and Regulatory Affairs,
Office of Management and Budget,
concurs, that this rule is ‘‘non-major’’
under the Congressional Review Act, 5
U.S.C. 804(2). The Commission will
send a copy of this Fifth Report and
Order to Congress and the Government
Accountability office, pursuant to 5
U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A).
Synopsis
Authorizing FM6 Operations as
Ancillary or Supplementary Services
In the R&O, the Commission
concludes that both the
Communications Act of 1934 (Act) and
its rules allow existing FM6 operations
to be provided on an ancillary or
supplementary basis to a channel 6
LPTV station’s digital television
operation, and that it is in the public
interest to preserve FM6 operations by
existing FM6 LPTV stations. The Act
provides that ancillary or
supplementary services must be
‘‘consistent with the public interest,
convenience, and necessity’’; must be
‘‘consistent with the technology or
method designated by the Commission
for the provision of advanced television
services’’; and must ‘‘avoid derogation
of any advanced television services.’’
The Commission concludes that existing
FM6 services meet all of these
requirements of the Act.
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Existing FM6 Operations Serve the
Public Interest as Required by Section
336(a)(2)
The Commission concludes that
existing FM6 operations are consistent
with the mandate of section 336(a)(2) of
the Act that the Commission allow
digital television stations ‘‘to offer such
ancillary or supplementary services on
designated frequencies as may be
consistent with the public interest,
convenience, and necessity.’’
Specifically, the Commission notes the
length of time that certain FM6 LPTV
stations have been operating and efforts
they undertook to convert to digital
operations to limit consumer impact. To
preserve their programming (especially
public safety and emergency
information) that viewers have come to
rely on, the Commission finds the
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public interest will be served by
continuing existing FM6 operations.
Further, the Commission finds that the
benefits of preserving existing FM6
LPTV stations outweigh concerns that
FM6 operations are an inefficient use of
spectrum or could cause interference to
their own television service or other
licensed users.
The Commission found that the
record in this proceeding reflects
widespread recognition of the long
history of public interest benefits
provided by existing FM6 LPTV
stations’ FM6 operations. Since the
1980s, FM6 LPTV stations have
maintained a close connection with the
communities they serve through their
FM6 programming. Listeners have tuned
to existing FM6 LPTV stations for
foreign language, religious and sports
programming; programming intended to
support historically underserved
populations such as native Spanish
speakers, immigrant populations; and
programming designed for niche music
audiences. In addition, existing FM6
LPTV stations provide emergency and
public safety information that their
listeners have come to rely upon in
times of disasters. Although some
commenters contend that certain FM6
LPTV stations are not serving the public
interest because they are not providing
any programming designed specifically
for their local audiences but are merely
airing music programming, the
Commission does not make distinctions
based on format. Therefore, the
Commission finds that the record
weighs in favor of the public interest
benefits provided by existing FM6 LPTV
stations.
Although FM6 LPTV stations were
required to discontinue analog
television operations and convert to
digital in July 2021, there were 13 FM6
LPTV stations that were able to
complete their digital transition and
resume their FM6 operations with an
FM6 STA with limited, if any, service
interruptions. The Commission notes
that more than half of the 13 existing
FM6 LPTV stations were able to convert
to digital and resume their FM6
operations within 2 months of
terminating their analog operations in
July 2021. The remaining stations
resumed FM6 operations between 4 and
8 months after the July 2021 transition
deadline mainly due to supply chain
delays in obtaining the necessary FM6
equipment that were outside of their
control. The Commission finds that
preserving the long-time audio
programming offered by these remaining
FM6 LPTV stations aligns with one of
the Commission’s core principles
guiding the digital transition—
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minimizing service disruptions. FM6
LPTV stations provide free, over-the-air
synchronized video and audio
programming using a standardcompliant ATSC 3.0 signal and
supplement that programming with
additional free, over-the-air analog
audio broadcast services. The
availability of these additional audio
services has provided programmers with
a platform on which to invest in
programming directed to unserved or
underserved audiences that may not be
available on any other stations in their
markets—all while continuing to
provide free over-the-air video
programming pursuant to their
television licenses. To remove this
service that radio listeners have relied
on for many years would contravene the
Commission’s goal of preserving service.
The public interest benefits of
preserving existing FM6 operations also
outweigh concerns about inefficient use
of spectrum. Some analog FM6 LPTV
stations had a history of minimal video
service. With analog television
operations, an FM6 LPTV station could
not transmit a separate audio stream for
its video programming and for radio
reception. The rules the Commission
adopted in the R&O address this issue.
FM6 LPTV stations will be required to
transmit a dual digital television and
analog radio signal, thereby providing
both new digital television services
while maintaining existing audio
services. The rules the Commission
adopts ensure that FM6 LPTV stations
are first and foremost LPTV stations and
that their video programming stream is
prioritized over any audio stream.
Further, enhanced compression
technologies encompassed in the ATSC
3.0 standard provide broadcasters even
greater bandwidth capacity on their
channel for television services than
under the ATSC 1.0 standard. Therefore,
the Commission believes the rules it
adopts appropriately address previous
concerns that FM6 LPTV stations are
using their spectrum inefficiently. The
Commission is not persuaded by
commenters that suggest FM6 LPTV
stations will abandon their current
programming thereby undoing the
public interest basis for allowing their
continued FM6 operations. As the
Commission has previously recognized,
offering additional services on an
existing television channel ‘‘contributes
to efficient spectrum use and can
expand and enhance use of existing
spectrum.’’
Further, the Commission concludes
that the public interest benefits of
preserving existing FM6 operations
offset concerns about existing FM6
operations causing interference to an
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FM6 LPTV station’s own digital
television service or to FM radio
licensees. To date, existing FM6 LPTV
stations that have been operating under
the technical limitations in the FM6
STAs and using ATSC 3.0 for their
digital television signal have an
established track record of not causing
interference to adjacent channel FM
stations or their own television signal.
Existing FM6 LPTV stations have been
operating for almost two years via
engineering STAs without any
legitimate interference complaints from
either adjacent channel FM radio
stations or their own TV viewers.
Moreover, the Commission notes that no
commenter has presented credible
evidence in the record that any of the
existing FM6 LPTV stations have caused
interference.
To the extent that there have been
interference-free FM6 operations, the
Commission observes that such record
is limited to the anecdotal history of the
13 existing FM6 LPTV stations. Based
on co-existence concerns raised
throughout this proceeding, the
Commission has sought to develop a
comprehensive record on the potential
for FM6 operations to cause
interference. One area of potential
interference is to the ‘‘host’’ channel 6
LPTV station’s own digital operations. A
‘‘host’’ station is a channel 6 LPTV
station that provides a digital television
service, but also provides an analog FM
radio operation over the same channel.
The Commission has asked if an FM6
LPTV station would be able to operate
an analog transmitter without
interfering or derogating its co-channel
digital operation. Some commenters
argued that an FM6 LPTV station
operating in digital could experience socalled ‘‘host interference’’—a
phenomena where a new signal
interferes with a station’s existing
signal, in this case an LPTV station
operating both digital television and
analog FM radio signals. Similarly, the
Commission sought comment on the
potential of interference to adjacent
channel FM radio stations on 88.1 and
88.3 MHz. Some commenters raised
concerns that higher power FM6
operations on 87.75 MHz could interfere
with lower power adjacent channel FM
radio stations operating on 88.1 MHz
and 88.3 MHz. Despite repeated
requests, commenters have failed to
produce detailed interference studies
that show that FM6 operations will not
cause interference to either host digital
television operations or adjacent
channel FM radio stations in all
circumstances. Therefore, because the
Commission has only anecdotal
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evidence involving specific unmodified
stations, it is unable to conclusively
state that no interference will occur
from prospective new FM6 LPTV
stations that do not have a track record
of interference-free operations.
For prospective new FM6 operations,
such interference concerns outweigh
any benefits from adopting rules
allowing new FM6 operations to
commence, thus leading us to conclude
that adopting rules to allow all channel
6 LPTV stations to offer new FM6
services would not serve the public
interest as required by section 336(a)(2)
of the Act. Even though some TV6 LPTV
stations may have previously provided
FM6 service while operating in analog
before the digital transition (i.e., legacy
analog FM6 stations), the Commission
again does not have sufficient technical
analysis to say for certain that there
would be no interference to their own
television operations or adjacent FM
radio stations were it to allow them to
recommence FM6 operations.
Accordingly, the Commission believes it
prudent to proceed cautiously and
establish rules in this Order only for
existing FM6 stations, which have an
established track record of noninterference and a history of providing
FM6 service to the public. Commenters
support limiting FM6 operations to the
existing LPTV stations, provided the
Commission take steps to ensure that
the existing stations (and WVOA–LD)
will continue to provide FM6 service
without causing interference. To that
end, the Commission adopts specific
FM6 operational rules, such as limiting
modifications and explicitly requiring
that FM6 operations be conducted only
on a non-interference basis.
The Commission also concludes that
the record in this proceeding
demonstrates that there are no
reasonable alternatives for existing FM6
operations that provide the same level
of accessibility to existing audiences.
The Commission is persuaded that the
additional expense and/or lack of access
make other options impractical as
reasonable substitutes for established
audiences and services. As commenters
point out, to receive a digital audio
stream on an LPTV station’s multicast
channel, the listener would need to
purchase a digital television receive
antenna in order to access the audio
stream. Further, listeners would lose the
portability of an existing FM6 LPTV
station’s audio signal as it would only
be available on a television set, which
is generally a fixed device. Instead of
having to take these additional,
potentially costly steps to continue
receiving this established audio
programming, permitting existing FM6
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operations to continue as they are
currently offered will allow listeners to
utilize existing FM radio receivers,
including in cars and using other
portable radio devices, and continue to
obtain FM6 audio programming in the
manner that radio listeners are
accustomed to receiving such audio
content.
Similarly, the Commission finds that
relocating FM6 programming to digital
subchannels on local FM or LPFM
stations could also be a more costly
option because it too would potentially
involve the purchase of new equipment
for some consumers instead of relying
on existing receivers. Additionally, FM6
LPTV stations would have to negotiate
programming agreements with FM and
LPFM radio stations and pay to air their
programming on other stations instead
of simply airing their programming on
their own station. Further, given the
unique types of programming often
provided by FM6 LPTV stations, it may
be difficult to find an entity interested
in carrying their streams that is different
from the entity’s programming. As for
making the programming available
through the internet, this would create
significant barriers for listeners who do
not have internet access, may only have
fixed internet access (thus losing
portability of the existing FM6 audio
signal), or may not have mobile internet
access with sufficient data plans or a
device capable of streaming audio.
Finally, the Commission finds that
obtaining a separate FM or LPFM radio
license provides an unlikely alternative.
In particular, because LPFM stations
must be operated on a noncommercial
educational basis, they are not an option
for FM6 LPTV stations that historically
have operated as commercial stations.
The Commission believes most if not all
FM6 LPTV stations are operating on a
commercial basis as evidenced by the
fact that most FM6 LPTV stations
submitted Annual DTV Ancillary/
Supplementary Services Reports (LMS
Form 2100—Schedule 317) indicating
that they have had revenues from their
FM6 operations. Further, in the case of
either LPFM or full power FM,
acquiring a station could be an
expensive and time consuming
proposition for many FM6 LPTV
stations, especially for those in larger
markets. Therefore, for all of the
foregoing reasons, the Commission
concludes that the public interest is best
served by allowing existing FM6
operations to continue as an ancillary or
supplementary service.
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Existing FM6 Operations Satisfy Section
336(b)(1)
As required by section 336(b)(1), the
Commission concludes that existing
FM6 operations are ‘‘consistent with’’
the ‘‘technology or method designated
by the Commission for the provision of
advanced television services . . . .’’ As
an initial matter, the Commission
interprets the phrase ‘‘consistent with’’
to allow for a degree of flexibility by
requiring ancillary or supplementary
services to be compatible with the
technology or method for providing
advanced television services. A more
narrow reading of the phrase
‘‘consistent with’’ that affords less
flexibility would unreasonably
constrain the types of ancillary or
supplementary services stations can
provide, thereby frustrating
Congressional intent to ‘‘[p]ermit[ ]
broadcasters more flexibility in using
their spectrum assignments [ ] consistent
with the public policy goal of providing
additional services to the public.’’ The
Commission has most recently
interpreted this provision of the Act
broadly, observing that ‘‘Congress
recognized that the transition from
analog to digital broadcast technology
would enable DTV licensees to provide
new and innovative services . . . over
their additional spectrum capacity and
wanted to provide licensees with the
flexibility necessary to utilize fully that
new potential.’’ In addition, the
Commission interprets the phrase
‘‘technology or method designated by
the Commission for the provision of
advanced television services’’ to mean
the transmission standards required for
digital television stations that have been
adopted by the Commission and
incorporated in the rules. While the
Commission’s rules allow LPTV stations
to comply with either the ATSC 1.0 or
3.0 standard in providing advanced
television services, the Commission
analyzes here compatibility of analog
FM6 with only ATSC 3.0 consistent
with the rules the Commission adopts
below.
The Commission finds that existing
analog FM6 radio operations are
compatible with the ATSC 3.0 standard,
and therefore satisfy section 336(b)(1).
The ATSC 3.0 standard allows for
configurability, permitting FM6 LPTV
stations to make their television signal
narrower and/or have the signals
settings modified to have increased
error correction intended to prevent cochannel interference between the
stations’ digital television and analog
radio signals. Existing FM6 LPTV
stations operating in ATSC 3.0 have
been able to continue to deliver free
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over-the-air ATSC 3.0 television signals
configured to occupy approximately 5.5
MHz of their digital channel capacity
while at the same time providing analog
FM6 on a frequency within their 6 MHz
channel. Television channel 6
encompasses the 82–88 MHz band. The
Act and the rules do not require a
licensee to use its entire 6 MHz channel
solely for the provision of advanced
television services. In fact, in adopting
the ancillary or supplementary
provisions of the rules, the Commission
provided numerous examples of nontelevision services as being permissible
ancillary or supplementary services
including: ‘‘computer software
distribution, data transmissions,
teletext, interactive materials, aural
messages, paging services, audio signals,
subscription video’’ whether offered on
a ‘‘broadcast, point-to-point, or point-tomultipoint basis.’’ For these reasons,
including the configurability afforded
by ATSC 3.0, the Commission finds that
existing analog FM6 radio operations
are compatible with the ATSC 3.0
standard.
The Commission disagrees with
commenters suggesting that the
definition of ‘‘advanced television
services’’ should apply to all services
that are incorporated into a digital
television station’s 6 MHz digital
bitstream. Such a finding would be in
complete contradiction with the
flexibility afforded to broadcasters
under the Act, and implemented by the
rules, to offer ancillary or
supplementary services. A digital LPTV
station may offer ancillary or
supplementary services on its assigned
frequencies as long as such services are
‘‘consistent with the technology or
method designated by the Commission
for the provision of advanced television
services’’ and, as discussed in greater
detail below, ‘‘avoid derogation of any
advanced television services . . . that
the Commission may require using such
frequencies.’’ Based on these facts, the
Commission concludes that FM6 LPTV
stations operations are consistent with
the technology or method designated by
the Commission for the provision of
advanced television systems, as
required by section 336(b)(1) of the Act
and defined by the rules.
The Commission rejects arguments
that FM6 operations are precluded by
section 336(b)(1) of the Act because
FM6 stations are providing separate
audio and visual offerings or that FM6
operations are not ‘‘consistent with
technology or method designated by the
Commission for the provision of
advanced television services’’ because
neither the ATSC 3.0 standard nor the
rules specifically refer to analog audio
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signals. As an initial matter, neither
section 336 nor the rules mandate that
particular ancillary or supplementary
services must be specifically integrated
into or mentioned within the pertinent
digital television transmission standard
(in this case, ATSC 3.0) or in the rules.
Rather, the Commission’s rules require
only that a digital television station
transmit at least one over-the-air video
program signal at no charge to viewers
as a precondition to offering ancillary
and supplementary services. The rules
also permit digital LPTV broadcasters to
transmit separate aural and visual
program material as long as the visual
signal can be viewed on a receiver based
on the ATSC standard. Here, FM6
stations comply with this rule by
providing a television signal while the
analog audio stream is transmitted
through a separate analog audio carrier.
Existing FM6 Operations Satisfy Section
336(b)(2)
As required by section 336(b)(2), the
Commission next finds that existing
FM6 operations do not ‘‘derogat[e] any
advanced television services.’’ One
commenter claims that, by providing an
FM6 operation that uses a portion of an
LPTV station’s bandwidth, it is
‘‘denying advanced television services
to the entire 6 MHz band as required by
statute’’ and that this ‘‘derogate[s] the
NextGen ATSC 3.0 experience and
therefore does not meet the statutory
test.’’ The Commission disagrees. The
derogation prong of section 336(b)(2)
prohibits derogation of ‘‘any advanced
television services . . . that the
Commission may require using such
frequencies.’’ The derogation standard
does not address what hypothetical
advanced television services a station
could offer; rather, it addresses the
advanced television services a station
actually offers and are otherwise
required by the Commission. Under the
rules broadcasters are only required to
provide one free over-the-air video
programming stream. Further, as
discussed above, broadcasters are not
required to utilize their entire 6 MHz
stream solely for television services and
are authorized by the Act and the rules
to offer ancillary or supplementary
services over a portion of their
spectrum. The record demonstrates that
the use of ATSC 3.0 to broadcast a
station’s television stream(s) is intended
to prevent interference between the
station’s digital television and analog
radio signals and thereby does not run
afoul of the derogation provision of
section 336(b)(2) of the Act or
§ 73.624(c) of the rules.
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Limiting FM6 Operations to Existing
Operators
The Commission adopts its proposal
to allow only FM6 LPTV stations with
‘‘active’’ FM6 STAs to continue to
provide FM6 service. The Commission
will define ‘‘active’’ FM6 STAs to be
initial FM6 STAs that were either
granted and unexpired, or a request for
extension of an STA that was granted or
pending on June 7, 2022 of the release
date of the adopted Amendment of Parts
73 and 74 of the Commission’s Rules to
Establish Rules for Digital Low Power
Television and Television Translator
Stations, Fifth Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking, MB Docket No. 03–185,
FCC 22–40 (87 FR 36440) (Further
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
(FNPRM)). The Commission also
requires that to be considered an
‘‘active’’ FM6 STA, the STA must
remain unexpired (i.e., through grant of
subsequent extension(s)) or have a
pending extension request on file as of
the effective date of this R&O.
Eligible FM6 LPTV Stations. The
Commission concludes that the public
interest benefits of preserving the
existing programming of the 13 FM6
LPTV stations with active FM6 STAs
outweighs the risk of potential
interference to other licensed users by
these 13 FM6 LPTV stations. The
Commission also finds that limiting the
class of stations eligible to provide FM6
services is consistent with both section
336(a)(2) of the Act, which states that
the Commission shall adopt regulations
authorizing ancillary or supplementary
services that ‘‘may be consistent with
the public interest, convenience, and
necessity,’’ and section 336(b)(5) of the
Act, which states that in adopting
regulations authorizing ancillary or
supplementary services the Commission
shall ‘‘prescribe such other regulations
as may be necessary for the protection
of the public interest, convenience, and
necessity.’’ These 13 stations (as well as
WVOA–LD), present unique
circumstances that weigh in favor of
permitting continued FM6 operations as
an ancillary or supplementary service.
Some commenters maintain that
limiting the class of entities that can
provide FM6 service is inconsistent
with the requirement under section
307(b) of the Act to ‘‘provide a fair,
efficient, and equitable distribution of
radio service.’’ As an initial matter,
section 307(b) applies only when the
Commission is ‘‘considering
applications for licenses, and
modifications and renewals thereof.’’ In
this R&O, however, no applications are
before us; rather, the Commission
establishes rules for existing licensees to
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provide certain ancillary or
supplementary services, so section
307(b) does not apply. In addition, given
their lower power and secondary nature,
the Commission has not considered the
mandate of section 307(b) of the Act
when deciding how to allocate LPTV
stations.
The Commission finds the 13 FM6
LPTV stations with active FM6 STAs are
distinguishable from other channel 6
LPTV stations that have either never
provided FM6 service or were legacy
FM6 stations when they were operating
in analog, but are no longer providing
such service. As an initial matter, the 13
FM6 LPTV stations with active FM6
STAs have a history of providing
consistent FM6 service both prior to and
following the July 13, 2021 LPTV digital
television transition. These stations not
only promptly transitioned to digital
operations, but they also converted to
ATSC 3.0 and obtained an FM6 STA
within a reasonable period following
their digital transition. As a result,
listeners have maintained their reliance
on these stations, and preserving access
to programming on which listeners have
come to rely weighs heavily in favor of
permitting these 13 FM6 LPTV stations
to continue their existing FM6
operations. Second, permitting only the
existing FM6 LPTV stations to provide
FM6 service presents a solution to the
interference concerns raised by
adjacent-band FM stations. Existing
FM6 LPTV stations’ facilities have been
‘‘frozen’’ in place and were not
permitted to be modified. While such
stations have been operating without
any verified complaints of interference,
the Commission has established rules to
ensure that such interference-free
operations continue into the future with
no negative impact on other licensees or
their own digital television service. The
same cannot be said of FM6 operations
from prospective new FM6 LPTV
stations for which the Commission does
not have a track record of noninterference since the LPTV digital
television transition.
WVOA–LD. The Commission
concludes that WVOA–LD, Westvale,
New York, licensed to Metro TV, Inc.,
should be permitted to provide FM6
operations. The station previously
provided FM6 service while an analog
station, and was prepared to operate an
FM6 station prior to the release of the
FNPRM. However, the station was
unable to complete its conversion to
ATSC 3.0 digital operations and initiate
FM6 operations pursuant to an FM6
STA due to a delay in grant of an
application for minor modification.
Grant of the application was delayed
because the requisite international
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coordination clearance from Canada had
not been received by the Commission
prior to release of the FNPRM. WVOA–
LD indicates that such minor
modification was necessary in order to
adequately implement their digital
television service and recommence its
FM6 operation. Because this proceeding
was ongoing at the time of the grant, the
license was granted with a condition
stating that WVOA–LD was not
permitted to conduct FM6 operations,
subject to the outcome of this
proceeding. Given the Commission’s
decision to permit WVOA–LD to offer
FM6 services, the Commission instructs
the Media Bureau to add a notation to
the WVOA–LD license indicating that
FM6 operations are permitted pursuant
to § 74.790(o) of the Commission’s rules
and this R&O. The Commission finds
the delay in obtaining international
coordination was truly outside of
WVOA–LD’s control, and good cause to
permit WVOA–LD to provide FM6
operations. The Commission has
recognized certain delays in
international coordination as truly
beyond the control of the station. Here,
WVOA–LD took all steps necessary to
secure Canadian approval and the
delays in approval were truly outside
the control of WVOA. No commenter
opposes this finding.
In order to confirm that no
interference will occur, the Commission
requires that WVOA–LD initially
commence FM6 operations under
special temporary authority and operate
under such authority for a period of
one-year. Although WVOA–LD argues
that such a requirement is unnecessary,
the Commission disagrees because
unlike the 13 existing FM6 LPTV
stations, the Commission does not have
a record of WVOA–LD operating in
digital while providing FM6 service.
Therefore, within 85 days of the
effective date of this R&O, the
Commission requires WVOA–LD to
commence both ATSC 3.0 and FM6
operations by filing an application to
convert its facility to ATSC 3.0, and
request for engineering STA. The period
of 85 days represents the amount of time
WVOA–LD would have had to resume
FM6 operations in order to have been
included in the group of 13 FM6 LPTV
stations with ‘‘active’’ FM6 STAs if its
minor modification application did not
require international coordination and
was actionable upon filing when filed
on March 11, 2022. WVOA–LD must
notify the Bureau no more than 10 days
after it commences FM6 operations by
filing a written letter with the
Secretary’s office, to the attention of the
Chief, Video Division, Media Bureau
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and by providing an electronic version
of that letter to the Chief of the Video
Division, Media Bureau. The letter must
provide the date the Station completed
its transition to ATSC 3.0 and the date
that it commenced FM6 operations.
During the one-year period the station is
operating pursuant to an FM6 STA,
WVOA–LD will be required to comply
with all rules adopted in this R&O that
would otherwise pertain to an LPTV
station conducting FM6 operations. In
addition, WVOA–LD is required to file
status reports of interference, as
required for FM6 STAs, disclosing
whether it has received any complaints
of interference. During the initial sixmonth STA, status reports will be
required after 90 days and 180 days of
operation. WVOA–LD’s status reports
must be filed with the Secretary’s office,
to the attention of the Chief of the Video
Division, Media Bureau. An electronic
copy must also be sent via electronic
mail to the Chief of the Video Division,
Media Bureau. Upon extension of its
STA, if granted, WVOA–LD must file
one final status report disclosing
whether it has received any interference
complaints within five days of
expiration of the STA. It must also state
whether it intends to continue to
provide FM6 service on a permanent
basis following expiration of the STA. If
no interference is found and WVOA–LD
states it wishes to continue FM6
operations permanently, then WVOA–
LD will be permitted to continue FM6
operations on the same basis as the
other 13 stations discussed herein
without the need for an STA.
New Entrants and Other ‘‘Legacy’’
Analog FM6 LPTV Stations. In contrast,
the Commission cannot make similar
conclusions about legacy analog FM6
LPTV stations that ceased FM6
operations or LPTV channel 6 stations
that have never provided FM6 services.
In the FNPRM, the Commission
recognized that there may be a limited
number of legacy analog FM6 LPTV
stations that discontinued their FM6
operations at the time of the LPTV
digital transition in July 2021, but
intended to resume their FM6
operations once their new digital
facilities were completed. The
Commission asked if it should permit
these stations to begin providing FM6
operations under the same conditions as
existing FM6 LPTV stations. In
response, the Commission received
comments from two legacy FM6 LPTV
stations—WJMF–LD, Jackson,
Mississippi, licensed to KTL, and
KBFW–LD, Arlington, Texas, licensed to
Benavides. The Commission finds that
these stations are distinguishable from
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the 13 FM6 LPTV stations with active
FM6 STAs and WVOA–LD.
WJMF–LD terminated its analog
television operations in July 2021 to
comply with the LPTV digital transition
deadline and completed its conversion
to ATSC 1.0 digital operations in
January 2022. Although it was a legacy
FM6 LPTV station, the station, at a
minimum, has not provided FM6
service since at least July 13, 2021, nor
(unlike WVOA–LD) did it take steps to
preserve FM6 operations. As such the
Commission is unable to conclude that
there is an audience that relies on
WJMF–LD’s FM6 operations, in contrast
to the 13 existing operators that have
been providing service and submitting
periodic reporting demonstrating a lack
of interference from their operations.
There is also no record of FM6
operations upon which to determine if
the station could operate without
causing interference. While the station’s
current digital license largely mirrors
the contour of its former analog facility,
in May 2022 WJMF–LD was granted a
construction permit to increase its
coverage area. Such a modification
could significantly alter the potential
interference profile of the station and
remains unbuilt, unlike the 13 existing
operators about whose FM6 operations
the Commission does have a record of
non-interference. WJMF–LD also failed
to provide any circumstances, as in the
case of WVOA–LD, that prevented it
from taking steps to maintain its FM6
operations, as the 13 other stations did,
following the digital television
transition deadline. The Commission
finds that KTL had ample time
following the digital transition deadline
and prior to release of the FNPRM to
pursue steps to preserve its FM6
operations, but for its own independent
reasons chose not to take action.
As for KBFW–LD, it was a legacy
analog FM6 LPTV station that did not
convert to digital ATSC 1.0 until
September 1, 2021. Unlike WJMF–LD,
however, it continued its FM6 analog
operation, without Commission
authority, until sometime in May 2022
when the station was instructed by the
Enforcement Bureau to cease and desist
its FM6 analog operations. The station
did not seek to convert to ATSC 3.0
until July 2022. KBFW–LD has pending
before the Bureau an application to
convert its station to ATSC 3.0. The
Commission provides KBFW–LD 30
days following release of this R&O to
notify the Video Division (Division) of
its intent to proceed with transitioning
its facility to ATSC 3.0 operations. If
KBFW–LD intends to proceed with
transitioning to ATSC 3.0, it must
amend its pending application to
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identify its new transition date.
Alternatively, KBFW–LD may withdraw
its application. Should KBFW–LD fail to
amend its request or seek withdrawal of
its application within 30 days, the
Bureau is instructed to dismiss the
pending application. Benavides
contends that Bureau staff assured him
that he would be permitted to obtain an
FM6 STA. This appears to be an
inaccurate characterization of the
guidance provided. In a series of emails
dating back to August 2021, Bureau staff
provided both Benavides and his
counsel detailed instructions on how to
proceed with filing an FM6 STA.
Benavides and his counsel failed to
follow these instructions and instead
proceeded to continue to provide, at
minimum, analog FM service, without a
valid authorization. Notwithstanding
any potential misunderstanding about
obtaining an FM6 STA, Benavides still
was not prepared to convert to ATSC 3.0
and commence FM6 operations
pursuant to FM6 STA until July 2022.
Similar to WJMF–LD, the station has
not provided FM6 service for an
extended period of time—having last
engaged in authorized operations nearly
two years ago. As such, the Commission
is unable to conclude there is an
audience that has continued to rely on
KBFW–LD’s FM6 operations, as the
Commission has for the 13 FM6 stations
that have continued to provide FM6
service, with limited or no interruption.
Further, as was the case with WJMF–LD,
there is no record of the station
operating as an FM6 LPTV station
pursuant to an FM6 engineering STA
upon which to determine if the station
could operate without causing
interference. KBFW–LD did operate in
digital ATSC 1.0 with an FM6 operation
for several months but such operation
was not authorized and the Commission
will not recognize it for purposes of
determining the station’s operational
record. KBFW–LD also fails to provide
any circumstances truly beyond its
control, as in the case of WVOA–LD,
that prevented it from taking steps to
maintain its FM6 operations, as 13 other
stations did following the LPTV digital
television transition deadline. Like KTL,
Benavides had ample time following the
digital transition deadline and prior to
release of the FNPRM to pursue steps to
preserve its FM6 operations, but did not
take the necessary steps in time. In light
of all these facts, the Commission rejects
KTL and Benavides’ calls to be
permitted to provide FM6 services on
their channel 6 LPTV stations.
Likewise, channel 6 LPTV stations
that are seeking to be new entrants to
FM6 operations do not have similar
equities at play as the 13 FM6 LPTV
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stations, as they have no established
listener base that relies upon them, and
the Commission therefore finds that
there are insufficient public interest
reasons to outweigh the interference
concerns brought on by new FM6
operations. The Commission also finds
that WVOA–LD is distinguishable from
potential ‘‘new entrants’’ because
WVOA–LD had an established audience
prior to the digital transition and was
prepared to proceed with FM6
operations, but was prevented from
doing so because approval of its
application was pending international
coordination. Even to the extent that
there are licensees that obtained
channel 6 LPTV stations with the
expectation that they may be able to
provide FM6 operations, the public
interest rationale—maintaining service
on which an audience has come to
rely—does not apply to hypothetical
scenarios about service a licensee might
provide. In addition, these new entrant
stations have no record regarding
interference because they have not been
providing FM6 service, unlike the 13
existing FM6 operators which have an
established track record of no
interference. For the foregoing reasons,
the Commission also rejects these
stations’ requests to be permitted to
provide FM6 services in the future.
The Commission also rejects
arguments that its decision to limit FM6
operations to certain stations is arbitrary
and capricious. As discussed above, the
Commission concludes that the public
interest is served by maintaining
existing FM6 services provided by
stations that have actively taken steps to
ensure continuity of service to their
listeners. The Commission is also
limiting the class of stations based on
concerns of potential interference to
other licensed users in areas where FM6
services are not currently provided or to
their own digital channel 6 television
operations. The 13 existing FM6 LPTV
stations have a proven record of not
causing interference to either other
licensed FM station operations or to
their own digital channel 6 operations.
While the same cannot currently be said
for WVOA–LD, as discussed above
WVOA presents a unique circumstance
in which the station was prepared to
proceed with FM6 operations, but was
prevented from doing so due to reasons
truly outside of its control. It has
subsequently completed construction of
its facility and the Commission is
adopting requirements herein to
determine if the Station can establish a
track record of no interference to other
licensed operations. The Commission
has no such record of interference-free
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FM6 operations by new stations or
legacy FM6 stations no longer operating.
The Commission concludes that the risk
of upsetting the current, interferencefree environment outweighs the benefit
of permitting new FM6 LPTV stations
and is contrary to the public interest
rationale by which the Commission has
determined that continued operation of
current analog FM6 operations
following the stations’ digital television
transition is justified.
The Commission is not persuaded by
the argument that not all potential FM6
operators had the opportunity to convert
to digital operations and obtain an FM6
STA. As discussed above, the
Commission’s examination of whether
to permit the continuation of such
services has extended nearly a decade.
As such, the Commission believes that
all channel 6 LPTV stations have had
adequate notice of a potential change in
Commission rules. In fact, a significant
number of stations did take note and
have been providing FM6 service
following their conversion to digital,
thus undermining arguments by some
commenters that FM6 LPTV stations
were not able to continue operations in
the face of regulatory uncertainty.
Establishing Rules Governing FM6
Operations
Codifying Certain FM6 STA Conditions
Existing FM6 LPTV stations will be
permitted to continue their FM6
operations subject to a new rule the
Commission adopts that codifies certain
conditions that are currently contained
in the FM6 STAs. FM6 LPTV stations
will be required to keep current their
FM6 STAs until the rules the
Commission adopts become final. The
Commission disagrees with commenters
that suggest that no rules are necessary.
The Commission finds that rules are
needed to ensure that FM6 LPTV
stations continue to operate in a manner
that is consistent with the public
interest rationale for allowing FM6
operations to continue, to prevent
interference with other licensees, and to
prevent the derogation of their
television signal as required by the Act
and the rules.
The Commission codifies the
following requirements based the
current conditions set forth in the FM
STAs: (1) FM6 LPTV stations must
operate in ATSC 3.0 digital format; (2)
FM6 LPTV stations must provide their
FM6 operations on 87.75 MHz; (3) FM6
operations must be conducted on a noninterference basis to any other licensed
primary or secondary user; (4) FM6
LPTV stations must provide at least one
stream of synchronized video and audio
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programming on the ATSC 3.0 portion
of the spectrum at any time the station
is operating; (5) FM6 operations may not
exceed the coverage area of the FM6
LPTV station’s ATSC 3.0 synchronized
video/audio programming stream; and
(6) FM6 LPTV stations may make
modifications to their technical
facilities, as otherwise permitted under
Part 74 of the Rules, so long as the
contour of the station’s modified
facilities remains within its current
protected contour. The Commission
declines to require that FM6 LPTV
station licenses be prohibited from
being assigned or transferred or that
they be subject to periodic reporting
requirements, though the Commission
does require that FM6 LPTV stations
notify us of their intent to continue to
or cease to provide FM6 operations and
provide an ongoing certification as part
of their license renewal application.
Requirement to Operate in ATSC 3.0
Format. The Commission requires FM6
LPTV stations operate using the ATSC
3.0 digital standard. Commenters
unanimously support this requirement
as a condition of being able to provide
FM6 operations. The Commission
recognizes that this is a departure from
its policy of a voluntary transition for
television stations to the ATSC 3.0
digital format; however, the
Commission finds in this unique
circumstance it is a necessary
requirement in order to address
concerns that FM6 operations will
derogate the FM6 LPTV station’s
television service. LPTV stations may
choose to operate in ATSC 3.0 but are
not required to. Some commenters argue
that previous studies show the potential
for interference from FM6 operations to
the LPTV station’s own digital
operation. However, these studies were
conducted while FM6 LPTV stations
were operating in ATSC 1.0. As
evidenced by the ‘‘Perry Priestly’’ study
and more recently through real-world
operations under the FM6 STAs,
because the ATSC 3.0 digital format is
more configurable the existing FM6
LPTV stations have been able to make
their television signal narrower and/or
have the signals settings modified to
have increased error correction intended
to prevent co-channel interference
between the stations’ digital television
and analog radio signals. Accordingly,
in the case of the 13 existing FM6 LPTV
stations, operating in ATSC 3.0 appears
to have addressed concerns that FM6
operations will interfere with or
derogate their own digital television
operation. Therefore, in order to ensure
that FM6 LPTV stations comply with
the derogation standard set forth in the
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Act and the rules, the Commission will
require that they transmit their
television signal using the ATSC 3.0
standard.
Operation on 87.75 MHz. The
Commission requires FM6
transmissions to be conducted at 87.75
MHz. A majority of commenters
supported this requirement. This is the
frequency currently being used by all
current FM6 LPTV stations and as a
result it has been tested and shown by
the 13 existing FM6 LPTV stations
through their FM6 STAs to provide a
quality FM signal without causing
interference to other FM stations. As a
condition to their FM6 engineering
STAs, FM6 LPTV stations were required
to operate on 87.75 MHz and to report
any interference that occurred from
their operations. No such interference
has been reported to date. Absent
additional technical data supporting a
shift to 87.7 MHz, none of which has
been provided in the record, the
Commission finds taking the time now
to develop a record would only serve to
needlessly prolong an already complex
proceeding. In addition, it is not clear
what cognizable benefit to receivability
there would be based on the
documented experiences of FM6 LPTV
stations that have been providing FM
service over 87.75 MHz.
Operation of FM6 on a NonInterference Basis. The Commission
requires that FM6 operations be
conducted on a non-interference basis
‘‘to any other licensed user, including
but not limited to broadcast television
or radio users.’’ The Commission agrees
with commenters that FM6 LPTV
stations must operate without causing
any impermissible interference to other
licensed users, both users with primary
and secondary interference protection
rights. The Commission disagrees with
NAB that codification of this condition
is unnecessary if FM6 operations are
restricted to just a limited number of
stations. By codifying this condition, the
Commission seeks to continue to
prevent interference and make clear that
any interference to other licensed users
will not be permitted as these services
are being offered purely on an ancillary
or supplementary basis.
Synchronized Video and Audio. The
Commission further adopts the
requirement that FM6 LPTV stations
must provide at least one stream of
synchronized video and audio
programming on the ATSC 3.0 portion
of the spectrum at any time the station
is operating. The Commission concludes
that adoption of this operational
requirement will ensure that FM6 LPTV
stations remain dedicated to providing
the type of digital television service that
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viewers have come to expect from TV
stations in addition to their FM6
operations. This requirement will also
ensure that the spectrum, which has
been allocated for the provision of
television service, is being used in an
efficient manner and for its primary
purpose. A majority of commenters
support this requirement. The
Commission disagrees with the single
commenter that called this requirement
‘‘constitutionally dubious.’’ Its decision
to require one stream of synchronized
video and audio programming is
‘‘content neutral’’ in that it does not
reference or implement any
requirements regarding the content of
the speech. The D.C. Circuit has applied
a ‘‘heightened rational basis’’ standard
of review to content-neutral broadcast
regulation. Applied here, requiring one
stream of synchronized video and audio
programming is reasonably tailored to
satisfying the substantial governmental
interest in ensuring that frequencies
allocated for television service continue
to be used for the types of television
services viewers have come to expect
from TV stations.
The synchronized video and audio
programming condition was originally
imposed on the FM6 STAs to ensure
that digital LPTV stations providing
FM6 operations continued to provide
television service that meets viewers’
expectations. Prior to the LPTV digital
television transition in July 2021, when
FM6 operations were being conducted
as part of an LPTV station’s analog
channel 6 operation, most FM6 LPTV
stations were sacrificing the extent of
their television service by airing limited
video-only programming. Because the
audio signal for their analog TV station
was dedicated to providing the FM6
service, the video service contained
minimal video-only content, such as
community bulletin boards. FM6 LPTV
stations appeared to be focusing their
resources on their radio FM6 operation
over their television operation.
However, digital television provides
these stations a new opportunity to offer
more substantial, independent video
content synchronized with audio while
still preserving their FM6 operations.
Although other digital television
stations are required to provide only one
over-the-air video program signal at no
direct charge to viewers, and may offer
video only or separate video and audio
on their television operations, given
FM6 LPTV stations’ past practice
favoring their FM6 operations at the
expense of their television operations,
the Commission continues to believe it
is prudent to make clear that an FM6
LPTV station must offer at least one
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stream of synchronized video and audio
programming. This will ensure that FM6
LPTV stations provide the type of digital
television service that viewers have
come to expect from TV stations while
also preserving their FM6 operations.
The Commission also declines to
adopt the condition imposed in the
current FM6 STAs that the
synchronized audio and video
programming be provided on a full time
(24 × 7) basis. Because the rules provide
that LPTV stations are ‘‘not required to
adhere to any regular schedule of
operation,’’ the Commission finds it
more appropriate to adopt the revised
version of this condition proposed in
the FNPRM that requires that FM6 LPTV
stations provide at least one stream of
synchronized video and audio
programming on the ATSC 3.0 portion
of the spectrum ‘‘at any time the station
is operating.’’ There was no opposition
to this proposed revision. In order to
ensure that a station’s FM6 operations
are not prioritized over its television
service and that television remains its
primary purpose, the Commission will
consider a station to be ‘‘operating’’ any
time it is engaged in FM6 operations
over its channel.
LPTV and FM6 Operational Contours.
The Commission also adopts the
requirement that the service contour of
a station’s FM6 operation may not
exceed the protected contour of the
LPTV station. The Commission defines
‘‘service contour’’ as the service contour
provided for in § 73.313 of the rules.
The Commission defines ‘‘protected
contour’’ as the protected contour
provided for in § 74.792 of the rules. In
the FNPRM, it proposed that ‘‘the FM6
coverage area must be contained within
and may not exceed the coverage area of
the LPTV station’s synchronized video/
audio programming stream . . . .’’ To
more accurately describe the coverage
areas of the FM6 and TV operations and
to reflect the language used by the rules,
the Commission will use the term
‘‘service contour’’ to describe the FM6
station’s coverage area and ‘‘protected
contour’’ to describe the TV station’s
coverage area. A similar condition was
included in the FM6 STAs to prevent
FM6 LPTV stations from configuring
their LPTV station’s technical facilities
in a manner that would favor their FM6
operation over their digital television
operation, something that, as just
discussed, occurred while FM6 LPTV
stations were solely operating in analog.
The Commission finds that adopting a
similar provision here will help to
ensure that FM6 LPTV stations continue
to focus their attention on the operation
of their digital LPTV station—the
primary purpose of their station license.
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Further, it concludes that adoption of
this requirement will provide a
predictable coverage area for the FM6
signal. The Commission notes that
currently FM6 LPTV stations operate
with co-located television and FM6
facilities. FM6 LPTV stations operate
separate transmitters—one digital
television and one analog FM radio—
that are combined into one transmission
line and broadcast with a combined
antenna. The rules the Commission
adopts today permit only this type of
configuration.
Commenters are united in their
support for this requirement, however,
there is disagreement on how to
determine if the service contour of a
station’s FM6 operation is exceeding the
protected contour of its television
operation. After considering the record
and further technical analysis, the
Commission concludes that the best
approach is to require the service
contour of FM6 operations to be
contained within, and may not exceed,
the LPTV station’s protected contour.
The Commission finds the alternative
approaches suggested by commenters
are impractical and overly burdensome.
It would be difficult, if not impossible,
for an FM6 station to test all locations
where both the synchronized video/
audio and the analog FM signal can be
heard. Further, the rules recognize
different standards for measuring the
strength of a digital LPTV signal and an
FM audio signal. Rather than try to
reconcile those differences in a single,
‘‘one-size-fits-all rule,’’ the Commission
will allow FM6 LPTV stations to
demonstrate the service contour of their
FM6 operations and the protected
contour of their TV operations using
established methodologies for each
service in the rules. FM6 LPTV stations
have been using this approach in their
90-day and 180-day status reports filed
as a condition to their FM6 STAs. FM6
LPTV stations have been successfully
demonstrating in these reports that the
service contour of their FM6 operations
(as determined using the standard Part
73 methodology) does not exceed that of
the protected contour of their LPTV
operations (as determined using the
standard Part 74 methodology). The
Commission has no reason to question
either the methodologies or results of
these showings, especially as it has not
received any evidence to the contrary.
Technical Modifications. The
Commission will permit FM6 LPTV
stations to make modifications to their
technical facilities, as otherwise
permitted under Part 74 of the Rules, so
long as the protected contour of the
station’s modified television facilities
remains within its current protected
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contour and the service contour of the
station’s FM6 operations does not
exceed the protected contour of the
station’s television operation. For
example, LPTV stations on channel 6
are not authorized to operate with an
ERP greater than 3 kW. Initially, as a
condition in FM6 engineering STAs, the
Bureau restricted modifications in order
to ‘‘lock’’ the FM6 LPTV station
facilities operations in place while it
were evaluating the potential for
interference from FM6 operations to
other users. The condition stated:
‘‘[d]uring the term of this STA, the
technical facilities of (FM6 LPTV
station) may not be modified.’’ In the
FNPRM the Commission sought
comment on whether to maintain this
condition and whether to provide any
exceptions. Commenters felt that this
restriction was too stringent and
expressed their concerns that such a
condition could limit FM6 LPTV
stations from making modifications to
better serve their audiences.
Although the record reflects that there
have been no reports of interference
from the FM6 operations of the 13
existing FM6 LPTV stations, this has
been based on their current operations
which have been frozen for almost two
years. Therefore, in order to prevent
possible interference that could result if
an FM6 LPTV station were to modify its
facilities, the Commission finds it is
appropriate to limit modifications that
could expand an FM6 LPTV station’s
FM6 operations beyond the protected
contour of its television operations as of
the release date of this R&O. Allowing
such changes could potentially upset
the current interference free
environment that serves as one basis for
permitting continued FM6 operations.
FM6 LPTV stations may seek to alter
their protected contour if they can
demonstrate that the change is an
‘‘engineering necessity’’ or can meet the
Commission’s general waiver standard.
Assignment and Transfer of FM6
LPTV Stations. The Commission
concludes that FM6 LPTV stations
should be permitted to be assigned or
transferred. The FM6 STAs included a
condition that limited FM6 LPTV
stations from being assigned or
transferred while FM6 operations were
being conducted. While licensees of
FM6 LPTV stations were always free to
transfer their stations, such action
would have required the termination of
their FM6 operation. In the FNPRM, the
Commission questioned whether
inclusion of such a limit in its final FM6
rules would continue to serve the public
interest. The Commission now
concludes that it would not.
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The Bureau imposed a restriction on
transfers and assignments in an effort to
maintain the status quo during the
pendency of this proceeding and to
prevent speculative transactions. This
action stemmed from a concern that,
during the pendency of this proceeding,
parties could seek to obtain an FM6
station without any intention of
continuing FM6 operations and for the
sole purpose of immediately ‘‘flipping’’
the station to another party for a quick
profit if continued FM6 operations were
ultimately permitted. A small number of
commenters believe it should be
retained ‘‘in perpetuity’’ in order to
prevent future speculation of FM6 LPTV
stations. However, now that this
proceeding is complete and the
Commission has confined FM6 LPTV
stations to only a limited number of
stations that have demonstrated an
interest in maintaining their FM6
operations into the future, the
Commission concludes that there is no
longer a risk of parties speculating in
FM6 LPTV stations. As discussed above,
the steps taken by the remaining FM6
LPTV stations to complete their digital
television transition and quickly resume
FM6 operations shows their clear desire
to continue to provide FM6 service to
their listeners. Furthermore, the
Commission finds that prohibiting the
assignment or transfer of these stations
would undermine a key rationale by
which it has based its decision to permit
the continued operation of these
stations—the preservation of existing
service that listeners rely upon. To the
extent a current licensee no longer
wishes to operate its station it should be
permitted, like any other licensee, to
sell its station to someone that wants to
continue to offer its television
operations, along with its FM6
operations if they so choose.
Accordingly, the Commission finds the
limitation on transfers is no longer
necessary and it concludes that the
public interest would not be served
maintaining the restriction. To the
extent that an FM6 LPTV station is
assigned or transferred and the new
licensee intends to continue FM6
operations it must include a statement
to that effect in its assignment or
transfer application. The new licensee
will be required to meet all the
requirements in the rules for FM6
operations and should they choose to
discontinue FM6 operations, such
discontinuation is permanent.
The Commission finds that an FM6
LPTV station’s FM6 operation is not
severable from its digital television
license and may not be assigned or
transferred independently from the FM6
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LPTV station. The Commission bases
this conclusion upon the fact that it is
not separately authorizing FM6
operations, but rather are allowing them
as an ancillary or supplementary service
to the FM6 LPTV station’s main digital
television license. An FM6 LPTV station
is permitted to provide FM6 operations
only as a result of it offering a free overthe-air television service.
Reporting Requirements. The
Commission adopts its tentative
conclusion and will not require FM6
LPTV stations to undertake periodic
reporting requirements similar to those
contained in their FM6 STAs. The
periodic reporting requirement was
included as a condition to the FM6
STAs to monitor the ongoing STA
operations of FM6 LPTV stations for
reports of interference and to see if FM6
LPTV stations were complying with the
condition that their digital television
and analog FM radio operations were
serving similar populations. The
Commission agrees with the majority of
commenters that the periodic reporting
requirement is no longer necessary. In
this R&O, the Commission adopts
permanent rules to address the
circumstances that the reporting
requirement was established to monitor.
Failure to comply with these rules will
result in sanction and potentially loss of
the ability to continue providing FM6
service.
Other parties argue that the
submission of written reports is still
needed in order to confirm system
operation and to gather data to confirm
that the FM6 service can be
implemented and operated in the public
interest. The Commission disagree. The
record, which includes real-world
information collected over nearly the
last two years from FM6 LPTV stations’
FM6 STA operations demonstrates that
interference from the 13 existing FM6
LPTV stations is not likely to occur to
either adjacent-band FM radio
operations or to the host LPTV station’s
channel 6 operations. Further, there
have been no legitimate reports of
interference being caused by the 13 FM6
LPTV stations that have been operating
under STAs. In addition, FM6 LPTV
stations are permitted to make
modifications to their facilities only
under very limited circumstances. As a
result of these facts, the Commission
sees no basis for requiring FM6 LPTV
stations to continue to submit periodic
reports.
Required FM6 Operational Notices.
The Commission will require that, after
review and approval of the information
collection requirements adopted herein
by the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB), the Bureau will issue a
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Public Notice announcing the deadline
for all FM6 LPTV stations to notify the
Media Bureau whether they will
continue FM6 operations and confirm
their precise FM6 operational
parameters. Because the Commission is
not licensing FM6 operations separately,
this verification enables a confirmation
of which stations’ FM6 operations will
be ongoing and provide continued
certainty with regards to those
operations. FM6 LPTV stations will also
be required to include in this
notification the current operating
parameters of their FM6 operations.
Such information must include:
maximum effective radiated power
(ERP); radiation center above ground
level (RCAGL); radiation center above
mean sea level (RCAMSL); antenna
height above average terrain (HAAT);
antenna type (directional or nondirectional); directional antenna pattern
(if applicable); antenna make and
model; transmitter power output (TPO);
and a description of the transmission
system, including any transmission
lines, connectors, combiners, etc., and
their associated losses. Should any
technical parameters of the station’s
FM6 operations change, the licensee
must provide written notification to the
Media Bureau at least ten (10) days prior
to such modifications occurring. An
FM6 LPTV station that voluntarily
chooses to permanently discontinue
FM6 operations is required to notify the
Media Bureau within 30 days of
permanently ceasing FM6 operations. If
an FM6 station permanently ceases FM6
operations either voluntarily or is
deemed to have discontinued operations
pursuant to The Commission’s Part 73
rules, it will not be permitted to resume
FM6 operations in the future. All
actions with respect to the cessation of
FM6 operation will be final as with any
action to permanently discontinue a
broadcast operation. As part of its
finding below that FM6 LPTV station’s
requirement to comply with certain
analogous FM rules, the Commission
notes that pursuant to 47 CFR
73.1740(a)(1) FM6 LPTV stations’ FM6
operations must adhere to the minimum
operating schedule for FM stations.
Failure to do so absent valid special
temporary authority to operate at
variance, will result in sanction or other
actions, which could include
consideration at renewal of whether the
station has served the public interest.
One of the primary rationales by which
the Commission is permitting continued
FM6 operations is in order to provide
continuity service. The Commission
finds that failure by an FM6 LPTV
station to adhere to the minimum
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operating schedule for FM stations,
without valid special temporary
authority, is presumptively adverse to
the public interest. The Commission
also notes that should an FM6 LPTV
station’s digital television operation
temporarily cease operations, the station
will be required to also discontinue its
FM6 operation until such time as the
digital television operation resumes as
engaging in FM6 operations is
dependent upon it providing the digital
television service. Cessation of FM6
operations only shall not affect the
status of an LPTV station’s license or its
ability to continue to provide digital
television service. Finally, as an
additional measure to ensure that FM6
LPTV stations are continuing to serve
the public, the Commission will also
require that FM6 LPTV stations certify
in their license renewal application that
they have continued to provide FM6
operations in accordance with the FM6
rules during their prior license term.
The Commission delegates authority to
the Media Bureau to determine the most
appropriate means for these stations to
make such certification, be it by an
attachment to the renewal application or
some other reasonable means. All
notifications required by this paragraph
shall be made by written letter and
mailed to the FCC Office of the
Secretary, Attention: Chief, Video
Division, Media Bureau. An electronic
copy of any notification must also be
sent via electronic mail to the Chief of
the Video Division, Media Bureau. A
copy of all notifications shall be
uploaded by the Media Bureau to the
station’s LMS file.
Application of Part 73 FM Rules
Although FM6 operations are not
separately authorized or licensed, the
Commission concludes that the public
interest will be best served by requiring
FM6 operations to be subject to
appropriate Part 73 rules that currently
apply to full service FM radio stations,
including emergency alert and online
public file requirements. The
Commission also finds that application
of certain of the rules is consistent with
and required by section 336(b)(3) of the
Act. The Commission also concludes
that it adopts such rules and policies for
FM6 operations under its general Title
III authority. Furthermore, FM6 LPTV
stations, as they are licensed as LPTV
stations, must continue to comply with
all applicable Part 73 and 74 rules that
pertain to their digital television
operations.
Section 336(b)(3) of the Act provides
that, in prescribing the regulations
required by ancillary or supplementary
services, the Commission shall ‘‘apply
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to any other ancillary or supplementary
service such of the Commission’s
regulations as are applicable to the
offering of analogous services by any
other person . . . .’’ Based on this
statutory requirement, the Commission
concludes that certain rules that pertain
to full service FM radio stations should
be applied to FM6 LPTV stations since
FM6 LPTV stations offer services that
are ‘‘analogous’’ to full service FM radio
stations. A majority of commenters
support this approach.
As a practical matter, the Commission
agrees that listeners are not necessarily
able to distinguish between an FM6
LPTV station’s FM operations and a
traditional FM station. Further, viewers
watching an FM6 LPTV station’s digital
television programming may not be
simultaneously listening to the station’s
analog FM6 audio programming, and
vice versa. As a result, the Commission
finds it is important that FM6 LPTV
stations continue to comply with the
rules that are otherwise applicable to
FM radio operations, including but not
limited to the rules related to
advertising/commercials, programming,
and the Emergency Alert System (EAS).
In particular, in order to prevent
viewers and listeners from missing vital
EAS alerts, the Commission wants to
make clear that FM6 LPTV stations must
maintain the capability to separately air
EAS alerts on both their television and
their FM6 operations.
Further, although LPTV stations are
not required to maintain an online
public inspection file (OPIF), the
Commission finds it is appropriate to
require FM6 LPTV stations to maintain
one for their FM6 operations. While
some commenters argue that there is no
purpose to be served by requiring that
FM6 LPTV stations maintain an OPIF
solely for their FM6 operations, the
Commission agrees with commenters
maintaining that such a requirement
safeguards regulatory compliance with
regard to FM operations and provides
parity with other FM stations. To be
clear, the OPIF requirement will apply
only to the FM6 LPTV station’s FM6
operations. The Media Bureau will
create an OPIF for each FM6 LPTV
station in the Commission’s database for
all FM6 LPTV stations and to notify the
Stations by written letter once they are
able to file documents in their OPIF.
Compliance with the OPIF requirement
will take effect either upon effective
date of the rule or 30 days following
creation of the Stations’ OPIF,
whichever is later.
The Commission disagrees with the
argument that requiring FM6 LPTV
stations to comply with both LPTV and
certain Part 73 FM rules is unnecessary
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or inappropriate as a result of their
secondary status or because all relevant
regulations already apply by nature of
their status as an LPTV station. This
argument does not reflect how FM6
operations are actually conducted in the
digital context and would be
inconsistent with section 336(b)(3) of
the Act. First, the Act specifically
mandates that the Commission apply
regulations to ancillary or
supplementary services that are
analogous to other regulated services.
The secondary nature of LPTV stations
is irrelevant to whether the analogous
services provision of the Act should
apply. There is no exception in either
the Act or the rules from this
requirement for stations with secondary
status that are providing ancillary or
supplementary services. Second, while
LPTV and FM radio may have some
overlapping rules, they are distinct and
independent services with different
rules. For example, LPTV stations do
not have an OPIF requirement and have
different station identification
requirements. The record is clear that
the aim of these FM6 operations is to
provide an audio service that is
analogous to other FM radio service and
received using FM radio tuners.
Therefore, the Commission finds that
such FM6 operations provided by FM6
LPTV stations is analogous to those of
licensed FM radio operations and
should be regulated as such.
The Commission does, however, find
that specific Part 73 technical rules for
full service FM radio stations should not
apply to FM6 operations because FM6
LPTV stations are operating on
frequencies and subject to certain
conditions that make the application of
certain FM technical rules unnecessary
and impractical. Although FM6 LPTV
stations operate separate television and
radio transmission systems, pursuant to
the new rules the Commission has
adopted today, the FM6 operations will
be restricted in certain respects. For
example, FM6 LPTV stations are
permitted to make changes to their FM6
station facilities only under very limited
circumstances (without a showing of
‘‘engineering necessity’’ or a waiver), are
limited to operating on 87.75 MHz, may
offer FM6 service only within the LPTV
station’s protected contour, and may
operate only on a non-interference basis.
The Commission has also limited the
number of FM6 LPTV stations to a finite
group that have already proven they do
not cause the interference that many of
the Part 73 technical rules for FM
stations are intended to prevent.
Accordingly, the Commission finds that
applying the specific technical rules in
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§§ 73.201–73.277, 73.310–73.312, and
73.314–73.318 in the context of FM6
operations are not only unnecessary, but
could be contradictory to the specific
rules it has adopted governing FM6
operations.
Five Percent Fee For Ancillary or
Supplementary Services
Consistent with its determination to
allow FM6 operations to continue on an
ancillary or supplementary basis, the
Commission finds that FM6 LPTV
stations that offer feeable ancillary or
supplementary services are subject to
the five percent fee on the gross revenue
of such services and must submit an
Annual DTV Ancillary/Supplementary
Services Report. Commenters
unanimously agree that FM6 LPTV
stations offering feeable ancillary or
supplementary services should be
subject to this fee and reporting
requirement. The Commission also
notes that several FM6 LPTV stations
began making fee payments on their
FM6 operations.
As the Commission observed in the
FNPRM, its ancillary or supplementary
rules provide that digital television
stations (including digital LPTV
stations) must annually remit a fee of
five percent of the gross revenues
derived from all ‘‘feeable’’ ancillary and
supplementary services. The
Commission has defined ‘‘feeable’’
ancillary or supplementary services as
services for which payment of a
subscription fee or charge is required in
order to receive the service,’’ or if no
payment is required from consumers,
the licensee ‘‘directly or indirectly
receives compensation from a third
party in return for the transmission of
material provided by that third party
(other than commercial advertisements
used to support broadcasting for which
a subscription fee is not required).’’
Moreover, the rules provide that ‘‘[t]he
fee required by this provision shall be
imposed on any and all revenues from
such services, including revenues
derived from subscription fees and from
any commercial advertisements
transmitted on the service.’’ Given these
rules, any FM6 LPTV station that
provides ‘‘feeable services’’ is required
to comply with the Rules and both remit
the required fee and submit an Annual
DTV Ancillary/Supplementary Services
Report to indicate that they provided
feeable services, the amount of gross
revenues of such services, and whether
they have remitted the requisite five
percent fee.
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Licensing of Additional NCE FM
Stations
The Commission declines to adopt the
proposal discussed in the FNPRM to
repurpose TV6 spectrum (82–88 MHz)
for FM services nationwide in locations
where the channels are not being used
to provide television programming. In
July 2020, NPR argued FM6 is not an
efficient use of spectrum, the TV6
resource was not being fully utilized by
television broadcasters and much of the
spectrum was laying fallow, especially
in the rural parts of the country. The
Commission finds that the record does
not support such a plan to remove a
portion of the remaining spectrum
allotted for television use and
converting it to radio use. The
Commission finds that the plan is
neither feasible, because of the
possibility of interference; nor efficient,
because receivers are not capable of
receiving FM stations below 87.7 FM;
nor appropriate, because TV6 spectrum
is still needed for broadcast television
use.
First, the Commission agrees with
commenters that the interference
implications of NPR’s plan to reallocate
unused TV6 spectrum have not been
adequately considered. Further, the
Commission finds that NPR’s stated
efficiency goal of adding up to 30 new
FM channels cannot be achieved
because it would not be possible to use
all 30 channels in one place. Although
in theory 30 FM channels are available
in the band that comprises TV6, in
practice it would not be possible to use
all 30 channels in one place given
interference considerations. Practically
speaking, the number of channels for
use by new FM radio stations in any one
area would be significantly fewer.
The Commission finds that even in
places where there are available
allocations for FM stations under the
proposal, listeners would not be able to
receive most transmissions because FM
radio receivers receive only the topmost portion of the 82–88 MHz band
(87.7 or 87.9 MHz) of the 6 MHz
channel that comprises TV6. The
Commission agrees with commenter
concerns that FM radio receivers cannot
‘‘tune down’’ to the rest of the
spectrum—82.1–87.5 MHz. Therefore,
the Commission agrees that it would be
impractical to reallocate unused TV6
spectrum for use by new FM radio
stations when it is unlikely that
listeners would be able to receive most
of the broadcasts from these new FM
radio stations.
Finally, although some commenters
support NPR’s proposal by suggesting
that it is a better use of spectrum
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because TV6 is not ideal for digital
television broadcasting, the Commission
disagrees, and note that many TV
stations operate on TV6. According to
NAB, as of July 2022, 98 television
stations were authorized to operate on
TV6 in the United States. Some of these
stations serve large, sparsely populated
areas where the relatively low power
consumption of TV6 transmitters makes
it economical to provide television
service to rural Americans. Others serve
densely populated urban areas where no
alternative channels exist in more
desirable spectrum. Furthermore, ATBA
contends a number of TV6 stations
could also serve as ‘‘lighthouse’’ stations
for NextGen TV, providing a critical
transition path for television
broadcasters as they migrate to ATSC
3.0. The record persuades us that 82–88
MHz is still needed for television,
especially given that the UHF spectrum
available for broadcast television has
been dramatically reduced in recent
years. Therefore, the Commission
declines to repurpose TV6 spectrum in
areas where there are presently no TV6
stations to permit the construction of
new FM stations that, in many cases,
listeners will be unable to receive
because their receivers cannot ‘‘tune
down’’ to the lower portions of the 82–
88 MHz frequency (i.e., 82.1–87.5 MHz).
Elimination of Certain TV6 Interference
Protections
Although the Commission received
comments on this matter, it did not
receive sufficient technical studies and
analysis upon which to base any final
decisions to revise its TV6 interference
rules. Any changes to these rules, which
were originally adopted when television
was operating in analog, would need to
reflect the fact that all television is now
operating in digital. Despite asking in
the FNPRM for commenters to analyze
the existing digital television landscape
and suggest whether and how the
existing TV6 interference provisions
should be retained, revised or updated,
the Commission received little comment
to that effect. Therefore, given the
incomplete nature of the record, the
Commission declines to revise the TV6
interference rules at this time. The
Commission will seek additional
comment about this matter at a future
date. In addition, NPR proposed that the
Commission adopt a narrow rule change
to enable existing NCE FM radio
stations to modify their authorizations
to relocate to channel 200 (87.9 MHz).
As this change could impact the
revisions to the TV6 interference rules,
the Commission finds that it would be
more appropriate to consider NPR’s
proposal in conjunction with a future
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TV6 interference proceeding. The
Commission encourages interested
parties to continue to work together to
find a solution and develop
comprehensive technical studies to
support their position. REC Networks
(REC) included a petition for
rulemaking requesting that the
Commission consider the reallocation of
television channels 5 and 6 for use with
a new ‘‘WIDE FM’’ service. The
Commission concludes that REC’s
proposal is outside of the scope of this
proceeding and will not be considered
in this R&O.
Final Regulatory Flexibility Act Analysis
As required by the Regulatory
Flexibility Act of 1980 (RFA), see 5
U.S.C. 603, as amended, Public Law
104–121, Title II, 110 Stat. 847 (1996),
an Initial Regulatory Flexibility
Analysis (IRFA) was incorporated in the
(FNPRM) released June 7, 2022 at 87 FR
36440. The Commission sought written
public comment on the proposals in the
FNPRM, including comment on the
IRFA. No comments were filed
addressing the IRFA. This Final
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (FRFA)
conforms to the RFA, 5 U.S.C. 604.
Need For, and Objectives of, the Report
and Order
This Report and Order adopts rule
changes to allow channel 6 digital low
power television stations that have been
providing analog FM radio services, and
only those stations, to continue their
FM6 operations, subject to certain
conditions which will also be codified
in the rules. Continuing to allow
existing FM6 operations serves the
public interest and minimizes service
disruptions to programming on which
listeners have relied.
In the Report and Order, the
Commission adopts rules for FM6
operations, including that FM6 LPTV
stations must operate in ATSC 3.0
digital format, must transmit FM6 at
87.75 MHz, and FM6 operations must
not interfere with any other licensed
user. The coverage area of an FM6 LPTV
station’s analog FM radio operation may
not exceed the coverage area of the
LPTV station’s ATSC 3.0 synchronized
video/audio programming stream. FM6
LPTV stations must also provide at least
one stream of synchronized video and
audio programming on the ATSC 3.0
portion of the spectrum at any time the
station is operating. FM6 LPTV stations
may make modifications to their
technical facilities, as otherwise
permitted under Part 74 of the rules, so
long as the protected contour of the
station’s modified facilities remains
within its current protected contour.
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The Report and Order also adopts
reporting requirements, requiring that if
an FM6 LPTV station decides to
permanently discontinue FM6
operations, it must notify the Media
Bureau within 30 days of permanently
ceasing FM6 operations. FM6 LPTV
stations must also certify in an
attachment to their octennial license
renewal application that they have
continued to provide FM6 operations in
accordance with the FM6 rules during
their prior license term. Section
74.763(c) of the rules apply to FM6
operations, so that an FM6 LPTV station
that does not provide an FM6 operation
for a period of 30 days or more, absent
circumstances beyond its control, will
be deemed to have permanently
discontinued FM6 operations.
Additionally, FM6 LPTV stations must
include all of the items required by the
public inspection file (PIF) rule for full
service FM radio stations in their LPTV
station PIF.
The Report and Order also adopts
requirements for application of Part 73
and 74 rules to these stations and
services. FM6 LPTV stations will
continue to be subject to all applicable
Part 73 and 74 rules that pertain to their
television station operations, and their
FM6 operations will be separately
subject to those Part 73 rules to which
full service FM radio stations are
currently subject, as contained in its
new FM6 rule—74.790(o).
Finally, the Report and Order adopts
the fee requirements for FM6 LPTV
stations. Any FM6 LPTV station that
receives compensation for the
transmission of material by a third
party, other than commercial
advertisements used to support nonsubscription based broadcasting, on its
FM6 operation shall be subject to the
existing rule requiring a five percent fee
on gross revenues from such
compensation. FM6 LPTV stations that
do not receive such compensation shall
not be subject to the five percent fee.
Any FM6 LPTV station providing
feeable ancillary or supplementary
services must submit an Annual DTV
Ancillary/Supplementary Services
Report and report that they provided
such fee-based services, the amount of
gross revenues of such services, and
whether they have remitted the requisite
five percent fee.
Summary of Significant Issues Raised by
Public Comments in Response to the
IRFA
There were no comments filed that
specifically addressed the rules and
policies proposed in the IRFA.
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Response to Comments by the Chief
Counsel for Advocacy of the Small
Business Administration
Pursuant to the Small Business Jobs
Act of 2010, which amended the RFA,
the Commission is required to respond
to any comments filed by the Chief
Counsel for Advocacy of the Small
Business Administration (SBA), and to
provide a detailed statement of any
change made to the proposed rules as a
result of those comments.
The Chief Counsel did not file any
comments in response to the proposed
rules in this proceeding.
Description and Estimate of the Number
of Small Entities to Which the Rules
Will Apply
The RFA directs the Commission to
provide a description of and, where
feasible, an estimate of the number of
small entities that will be affected by the
rules adopted herein. The RFA generally
defines the term ‘‘small entity’’ as
having the same meaning as the terms
‘‘small business,’’ ‘‘small organization,’’
and ‘‘small government jurisdiction.’’ In
addition, the term ‘‘small business’’ has
the same meaning as the term ‘‘small
business concern’’ under the Small
Business Act. A small business concern
is one which: (1) Is independently
owned and operated; (2) is not
dominant in its field of operation; and
(3) satisfies any additional criteria
established by the Small Business
Administration.
Television Broadcasting. This
industry is comprised of
‘‘establishments primarily engaged in
broadcasting images together with
sound.’’ These establishments operate
television broadcast studios and
facilities for the programming and
transmission of programs to the public.
These establishments also produce or
transmit visual programming to
affiliated broadcast television stations,
which in turn broadcast the programs to
the public on a predetermined schedule.
Programming may originate in their own
studio, from an affiliated network, or
from external sources. The SBA small
business size standard for this industry
classifies businesses having $41.5
million or less in annual receipts as
small. 2017 U.S. Census Bureau data
indicate that 744 firms in this industry
operated for the entire year. Of that
number, 657 firms had revenue of less
than $25,000,000. Based on this data the
Commission estimates that the majority
of television broadcasters are small
entities under the SBA small business
size standard.
As of March 31, 2023, there were
1,375 licensed commercial television
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59467
stations. Of this total, 1,282 stations (or
93.2%) had revenues of $41.5 million or
less in 2021, according to Commission
staff review of the BIA Kelsey Inc.
Media Access Pro Television Database
(BIA) on April 7, 2023, and therefore
these licensees qualify as small entities
under the SBA definition. In addition,
the Commission estimates as of March
31, 2023, there were 383 licensed
noncommercial educational (NCE)
television stations, 381 Class A TV
stations, 1,887 LPTV stations and 3,119
TV translator stations. The Commission,
however, does not compile and
otherwise does not have access to
financial information for these
television broadcast stations that would
permit it to determine how many of
these stations qualify as small entities
under the SBA small business size
standard. Nevertheless, given the SBA’s
large annual receipts threshold for this
industry and the nature of these
television station licensees, the
Commission presumes that all of these
entities qualify as small entities under
the above SBA small business size
standard.
Description of Projected Reporting,
Recordkeeping and Other Compliance
Requirements for Small Entities
The Report and Order contains new
reporting, recordkeeping, and other
compliance requirements for the
licensing and certification for small
entity FM6 LPTV stations that provide
FM6 service.
While the Commission is not in a
position to determine whether small
entities will have to hire professionals
to comply with its decisions and cannot
quantify the cost of compliance for
small entities, the approaches, it has
taken to implement the requirements
have minimal or de minimis cost
implications for impacted entities
because many of these requirements are
part of an existing reporting process.
The Report and Order adopts four
new reporting requirements for FM6
LPTV stations that wish to continue to
or cease to provide FM6 service,
including the requirement that FM6
LPTV stations notify the Media Bureau
within 30 days if they decide to
permanently discontinue FM6
operations. FM6 LPTV stations must
certify in an attachment to their
octennial license renewal application
that they have continued to provide
FM6 operations in accordance with the
FM6 rules during their prior license
term. FM6 LPTV stations must also
include all of the items required by the
PIF rule for full service FM radio
stations in their LPTV station PIF.
Additionally, FM6 LPTV stations that
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provided feeable ancillary or
supplementary service must submit an
Annual DTV Ancillary/Supplementary
Services Report and report that they
provided feeable services, the amount of
gross revenues of such services and
whether they have remitted the requisite
five percent fee. These requirements
will result in a modified paperwork
obligation for small entities and other
licensees. The Commission will seek the
requisite approval, such as those
required to comply with the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Public
Law 104–13, to account for the
increased burdens resulting from this
modified reporting requirement.
Steps Taken To Minimize Significant
Impact on Small Entities, and
Significant Alternatives Considered
The RFA requires an agency to
provide, ‘‘a description of the steps the
agency has taken to minimize the
significant economic impact on small
entities, including a statement of the
factual, policy, and legal reasons for
selecting the alternative adopted in the
final rule and why each one of the other
significant alternatives to the rule
considered by the agency which affect
the impact on small entities was
rejected.’’
The actions taken by the Commission
in the Report and Order were
considered to be the least costly and
minimally burdensome for small and
other entities impacted by the rules. As
such, the Commission does not expect
the adopted requirements to have a
significant economic impact on small
entities. Below the Commission
discusses actions it takes in the Report
and Order to minimize any significant
economic impact on small entities and
some alternatives that were considered.
Among the alternatives considered to
minimize significant impact on small
entities, the Commission considered
whether FM6 programming could be
delivered via another delivery method
such as other broadcast methods or
internet only, and found that these
methods were less efficient and
potentially more costly to small entities
than maintaining the existing service.
The Commission also considered
whether to preserve or alter the service
contour for FM6 service. In deciding
that the service contour not exceed the
protected contour of the LPTV station’s
ATSC 3.0 synchronized video/audio
programming stream, the Commission
determined that alternative approaches
presented where impractical and overly
burdensome.
It is anticipated that some of the new
reporting requirements will likely result
in minimal additional costs because the
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Commission adopted requirements
which can be executed as part of an
existing process and within the
timeframe for certain other filing
requirements. This includes certifying
in an attachment to an existing
octennial license renewal application
that the station provided FM6 service
during the prior license term in
accordance with the FM6 rules. Further,
FM6 LPTV stations must adhere to the
requirements of licensed users
providing similar services, including the
PIF rule for full service FM radio
stations in their LPTV station PIF, and
submitting an Annual DTV Ancillary/
Supplementary Services Report if they
provide a feeable service, report
provision of feeable services, their gross
revenues, and whether they have
remitted the requisite five percent fee.
Report to Congress
Commission will send a copy of the
Report and Order, including this FRFA,
in a report to Congress pursuant to the
Congressional Review Act. 5 U.S.C.
801(a)(1)(A). In addition, the
Commission will send a copy of the
Report and Order, including this FRFA,
to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the
SBA. A copy of the Report and Order,
and FRFA (or summaries thereof) will
also be published in the Federal
Register. 5 U.S.C. 604(b).
List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 74
Communications equipment,
Education, Mexico, Radio, Reporting
and recordkeeping requirements,
Research, Telecommunications,
Television.
Federal Communications Commission.
Katura Jackson,
Federal Register Liaison Officer.
Final Rules
For the reasons discussed in the
preamble, the Federal Communications
Commission amends 47 CFR part 74 as
follows:
PART 74—EXPERIMENTAL RADIO,
AUXILIARY, SPECIAL BROADCAST
AND OTHER PROGRAM
DISTRIBUTIONAL SERVICES
1. The authority citation for part 74
continues to read as follows:
■
Authority: 47 U.S.C. 154, 302a, 303, 307,
309, 310, 325, 336 and 554.
2. Amend § 74.790 by adding
paragraph (o) to read as follows:
■
§ 74.790 Permissible service of digital TV
translator and LPTV stations.
*
*
*
*
*
(o) Provision of analog FM radio
operations by digital LPTV channel 6
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stations (FM6 LPTV stations). FM6
LPTV stations may provide analog FM
radio operations (FM6 operations) on an
ancillary or supplementary basis subject
to the following:
(1) The FM6 LPTV station must have
been providing FM6 operations
pursuant to an active engineering
special temporary authority on June 7,
2022, or as otherwise permitted by the
Commission.
(2) The FM6 LPTV station must be
operating in ATSC 3.0 digital format, as
authorized in § 74.782.
(3) FM6 operations may only be
conducted on 87.75 MHz.
(4) FM6 operations shall be conducted
on a non-interference basis to any other
licensed user, including but not limited
to broadcast television or radio users.
(5) The FM6 LPTV station’s FM6
service contour must be contained
within and may not exceed the
protected contour of the FM6 LPTV
station’s synchronized video/audio
programming stream. These contours
shall be determined using established
methodologies in § 73.313 of this
chapter (FM radio) and § 74.792 (LPTV).
(6) The FM6 LPTV station must
provide at least one stream of
synchronized video and audio
programming, at any time the station is
operating.
(7) FM6 LPTV stations may make
minor modifications to their technical
facilities, as otherwise permitted under
part 73 of this chapter or this part, so
long as the station’s proposed modified
‘‘protected contour,’’ as defined in
§ 74.792, does not exceed its protected
contour as it was authorized on July 20,
2023, or where the station can
demonstrate that such change is being
made due to an engineering necessity
such as the loss of a tower site or change
in equipment due to malfunction and
where the station can also demonstrate
that the modification will not cause any
interference to other licensed users.
(8) FM6 LPTV stations may be
assigned or transferred; however, an
FM6 LPTV station’s FM6 operation is
not severable from its digital license and
may not be assigned or transferred
separate from the FM6 LPTV station.
(9)–(10) [Reserved]
(11) FM6 LPTV stations shall
continue to be subject to all rules in part
73 of this chapter and this part
applicable to low power television
stations. In addition, the following rules
shall apply to FM6 LPTV stations with
respect to their FM6 operations:
(i) Part 11 of this chapter The
Emergency Alert System (EAS).
(ii) Section 73.293, Use of FM
multiplex subcarriers.
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Federal Register / Vol. 88, No. 166 / Tuesday, August 29, 2023 / Rules and Regulations
(iii) Section 73.295, FM subsidiary
communications services.
(iv) Section 73.297, FM stereophonic
sound broadcasting.
(v) Section 73.310, FM technical
definitions.
(vi) Section 73.313, Prediction of
coverage.
(vii) Section 73.319, FM multiplex
subcarrier technical standards.
(viii) Section 73.322, FM stereophonic
sound transmission standards.
(ix) Section 73.333, Engineering
charts.
(x) Section 73.1201, Station
identification.
(xi) Section 73.1206, Broadcast of
telephone conversations.
(xii) Section 73.1207, Rebroadcasts.
(xiii) Section 73.1208, Broadcast of
taped, filmed, or recorded material.
(xiv) Section 73.1209, References to
time.
(xv) Section 73.1211, Broadcast of
lottery information.
(xvi) Section 73.1212, Sponsorship
identification; list retention; related
requirements.
(xvii) Section 73.1216, Licenseeconducted contests.
(xviii) Section 73.1217, Broadcast
hoaxes.
(xix) Section 73.1250, Broadcasting
emergency information.
(xx) Section 73.1300, Unattended
station operation.
(xxi) Section 73.1635, Special
temporary authorizations (STA).
(xxii) Section 73.1740, Minimum
operating schedule.
(xxiii) Section 73.1750,
Discontinuance of operation.
(xxiv) Section 73.1940, Legally
qualified candidates for public office.
(xxv) Section 73.1941, Equal
opportunities.
(xxvi) Section 73.1942, Candidate
rates.
(xxvii) Section 73.1943, Political file.
(xxviii) Section 73.1944, Reasonable
access.
(xxix) Section 73.2080, Equal
employment opportunities (EEO).
(xxx) Section 73.3526, Online public
inspection file of commercial stations.
(xxxi) Section 73.4005, Advertising—
refusal to sell.
(xxxii) Section 73.4045, Barter
agreements.
(xxxiii) Section 73.4055, Cigarette
advertising.
(xxxiv) Section 73.4060, Citizens
agreements.
(xxxv) Section 73.4075, Commercials,
loud.
(xxxvi) Section 73.4095, Drug lyrics.
(xxxvii) Section 73.4097, EBS (now
EAS) attention signals on automated
programing systems.
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(xxxviii) Section 73.4165, Obscene
language.
(xxxix) Section 73.4170, Obscene
broadcasts.
(xl) Section 73.4180, Payment
disclosure: Payola, plugola, kickbacks.
(xli) Section 73.4185, Political
broadcasting and telecasting, the law of.
(xlii) Section 73.4190, Political
candidate authorization notice and
sponsorship identification.
(xliii) Section 73.4215, Program
matter: Supplier identification.
(xliv) Section 73.4242, Sponsorship
identification rules, applicability of.
(xlv) Section 73.4250, Subliminal
perception.
(xlvi) Section 73.4255, Tax
certificates: Issuance of.
(xlvii) Section 73.4260, Teaser
announcements.
(xlviii) Section 73.4265, Telephone
conversation broadcasts (network and
like sources).
■ 3. Delayed indefinitely, further amend
§ 74.790 by adding paragraphs (o)(9) and
(10) to read as follows:
§ 74.790 Permissible service of digital TV
translator and LPTV stations.
*
*
*
*
*
(o) * * *
(9) FM6 LPTV stations must notify the
Media Bureau within 30 days of
permanently ceasing FM6 operations.
Such notification hall be made by
written letter and mailed to the FCC
Office of the Secretary, Attention: Chief,
Video Division, Media Bureau. If an
FM6 LPTV station permanently ceases
FM6 operations, FM6 operations may
not resume.
(10) FM6 LPTV stations must certify
in an attachment to their license
renewal application that they have
continued to provide FM6 service in
accordance with the FM6 rules in this
section during the prior license term.
*
*
*
*
*
[FR Doc. 2023–17414 Filed 8–28–23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712–01–P
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
50 CFR Part 648
[Docket No. 221215–0272; RTID 0648–
XD279]
Fisheries of the Northeastern United
States; Atlantic Bluefish Fishery;
Quota Transfers From NJ to NC and RI
National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Commerce.
AGENCY:
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ACTION:
59469
Notification of quota transfers.
NMFS announces that the
State of New Jersey is transferring a
portion of its 2023 commercial bluefish
quota to the States of North Carolina
and Rhode Island. These adjustments to
the 2023 fishing year quotas are
necessary to comply with the Atlantic
Bluefish Fishery Management Plan
quota transfer provisions. This
announcement informs the public of the
revised 2023 commercial bluefish
quotas for New Jersey, North Carolina,
and Rhode Island.
DATES: Effective August 28, 2023,
through December 31, 2023.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Laura Deighan, Fishery Management
Specialist, (978) 281–9184.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Regulations governing the Atlantic
bluefish fishery are found in 50 CFR
648.160 through 648.167. These
regulations require annual specification
of a commercial quota that is
apportioned among the coastal states
from Maine through Florida. The
process to set the annual commercial
quota and the percent allocated to each
state is described in § 648.162, and the
final 2023 allocations were published
on December 21, 2022 (87 FR 78011).
The final rule implementing
Amendment 1 to the Bluefish Fishery
Management Plan (FMP), as published
in the Federal Register on July 26, 2000
(65 FR 45844), provided a mechanism
for transferring bluefish commercial
quota from one state to another. Two or
more states, under mutual agreement
and with the concurrence of the NMFS
Greater Atlantic Regional Administrator,
can request approval to transfer or
combine bluefish commercial quota
under § 648.162(e)(1)(i) through (iii).
The Regional Administrator must
approve any such transfer based on the
criteria in § 648.162(e). In evaluating
requests to transfer a quota or combine
quotas, the Regional Administrator shall
consider whether: the transfer or
combinations would preclude the
overall annual quota from being fully
harvested; the transfer addresses an
unforeseen variation or contingency in
the fishery; and the transfer is consistent
with the objectives of the FMP and the
Magnuson-Stevens Fishery
Conservation and Management Act
(Magnuson-Stevens Act). The Regional
Administrator has determined these
three criteria have been met for the
transfers approved in this notification.
New Jersey is transferring 45,000
pounds (lb) (20,412 kilograms (kg)) to
North Carolina and 15,000 lb (6,804 kg)
to Rhode Island, through mutual
SUMMARY:
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Agencies
[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 166 (Tuesday, August 29, 2023)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 59455-59469]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2023-17414]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
47 CFR Part 74
[MB Docket No. 03-185; FCC 23-58; FR ID 159756]
Digital Low Power Television and Television Translator Stations
AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission.
ACTION: Final rule.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: In this document, the Federal Communications Commission
(Commission or FCC) adopts rules to clarify for all stakeholders the
status of LPTV FM6 service and codify that these services may be
provided by a group of 14 existing FM6 stations, and only by those
stations.
DATES: Effective September 28, 2023, except for the amendments in Sec.
74.790(o)(9) and (10), which are delayed indefinitely. The Commission
will publish a separate document in the Federal Register announcing the
effective date of those amendments.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Shaun Maher, Video Division, Media
Bureau at (202) 418-2324 or [email protected], or, Mark Colombo,
Video Division, Media Bureau at (202) 418-7611 or [email protected].
For additional information concerning the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)
information collection requirements contained in this document, contact
Cathy Williams at 202-418-2918, or [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a synopsis of the Commission's R&O,
in MB Docket No. 03-185; FCC 23-58, adopted on July 20, 2023, and
released on July 20, 2023. The full text of this document is available
for download at https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/FCC-23-58A1.pdf. To request materials in accessible formats (braille, large
print, computer diskettes, or audio recordings), please send an email
to [email protected] or call the Consumer & Government Affairs Bureau at
(202) 418-0530 (VOICE), (202) 418-0432 (TTY).
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 Analysis
This document contains a new or modified information collection
requirement subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA),
Public Law 104-13. It will be submitted to the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB) for review under section 3507(d) of the PRA. OMB, the
general public, and other Federal agencies will be invited to comment
on the new or modified information collection requirement contained in
the proceeding. These new or modified information collections will
become effective after the Commission publishes a document in the
Federal Register announcing such approval and the relevant effective
date. In addition, the Commission notes that pursuant to the Small
Business Paperwork Relief Act of 2002, (Pub. L. 107-198), it previously
sought specific comment on how it might ``further reduce the
information collection burden for small business concerns with fewer
than 25
[[Page 59456]]
employees.'' (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(4)). The Commission described impacts
that might affect small businesses, which includes most businesses with
fewer than 25 employees, in the Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis
(FRFA), attached as Appendix C.
Congressional Review Act
The Commission has determined, and the Administrator of the Office
of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget,
concurs, that this rule is ``non-major'' under the Congressional Review
Act, 5 U.S.C. 804(2). The Commission will send a copy of this Fifth
Report and Order to Congress and the Government Accountability office,
pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A).
Synopsis
Authorizing FM6 Operations as Ancillary or Supplementary Services
In the R&O, the Commission concludes that both the Communications
Act of 1934 (Act) and its rules allow existing FM6 operations to be
provided on an ancillary or supplementary basis to a channel 6 LPTV
station's digital television operation, and that it is in the public
interest to preserve FM6 operations by existing FM6 LPTV stations. The
Act provides that ancillary or supplementary services must be
``consistent with the public interest, convenience, and necessity'';
must be ``consistent with the technology or method designated by the
Commission for the provision of advanced television services''; and
must ``avoid derogation of any advanced television services.'' The
Commission concludes that existing FM6 services meet all of these
requirements of the Act.
Existing FM6 Operations Serve the Public Interest as Required by
Section 336(a)(2)
The Commission concludes that existing FM6 operations are
consistent with the mandate of section 336(a)(2) of the Act that the
Commission allow digital television stations ``to offer such ancillary
or supplementary services on designated frequencies as may be
consistent with the public interest, convenience, and necessity.''
Specifically, the Commission notes the length of time that certain FM6
LPTV stations have been operating and efforts they undertook to convert
to digital operations to limit consumer impact. To preserve their
programming (especially public safety and emergency information) that
viewers have come to rely on, the Commission finds the public interest
will be served by continuing existing FM6 operations. Further, the
Commission finds that the benefits of preserving existing FM6 LPTV
stations outweigh concerns that FM6 operations are an inefficient use
of spectrum or could cause interference to their own television service
or other licensed users.
The Commission found that the record in this proceeding reflects
widespread recognition of the long history of public interest benefits
provided by existing FM6 LPTV stations' FM6 operations. Since the
1980s, FM6 LPTV stations have maintained a close connection with the
communities they serve through their FM6 programming. Listeners have
tuned to existing FM6 LPTV stations for foreign language, religious and
sports programming; programming intended to support historically
underserved populations such as native Spanish speakers, immigrant
populations; and programming designed for niche music audiences. In
addition, existing FM6 LPTV stations provide emergency and public
safety information that their listeners have come to rely upon in times
of disasters. Although some commenters contend that certain FM6 LPTV
stations are not serving the public interest because they are not
providing any programming designed specifically for their local
audiences but are merely airing music programming, the Commission does
not make distinctions based on format. Therefore, the Commission finds
that the record weighs in favor of the public interest benefits
provided by existing FM6 LPTV stations.
Although FM6 LPTV stations were required to discontinue analog
television operations and convert to digital in July 2021, there were
13 FM6 LPTV stations that were able to complete their digital
transition and resume their FM6 operations with an FM6 STA with
limited, if any, service interruptions. The Commission notes that more
than half of the 13 existing FM6 LPTV stations were able to convert to
digital and resume their FM6 operations within 2 months of terminating
their analog operations in July 2021. The remaining stations resumed
FM6 operations between 4 and 8 months after the July 2021 transition
deadline mainly due to supply chain delays in obtaining the necessary
FM6 equipment that were outside of their control. The Commission finds
that preserving the long-time audio programming offered by these
remaining FM6 LPTV stations aligns with one of the Commission's core
principles guiding the digital transition--minimizing service
disruptions. FM6 LPTV stations provide free, over-the-air synchronized
video and audio programming using a standard-compliant ATSC 3.0 signal
and supplement that programming with additional free, over-the-air
analog audio broadcast services. The availability of these additional
audio services has provided programmers with a platform on which to
invest in programming directed to unserved or underserved audiences
that may not be available on any other stations in their markets--all
while continuing to provide free over-the-air video programming
pursuant to their television licenses. To remove this service that
radio listeners have relied on for many years would contravene the
Commission's goal of preserving service.
The public interest benefits of preserving existing FM6 operations
also outweigh concerns about inefficient use of spectrum. Some analog
FM6 LPTV stations had a history of minimal video service. With analog
television operations, an FM6 LPTV station could not transmit a
separate audio stream for its video programming and for radio
reception. The rules the Commission adopted in the R&O address this
issue. FM6 LPTV stations will be required to transmit a dual digital
television and analog radio signal, thereby providing both new digital
television services while maintaining existing audio services. The
rules the Commission adopts ensure that FM6 LPTV stations are first and
foremost LPTV stations and that their video programming stream is
prioritized over any audio stream. Further, enhanced compression
technologies encompassed in the ATSC 3.0 standard provide broadcasters
even greater bandwidth capacity on their channel for television
services than under the ATSC 1.0 standard. Therefore, the Commission
believes the rules it adopts appropriately address previous concerns
that FM6 LPTV stations are using their spectrum inefficiently. The
Commission is not persuaded by commenters that suggest FM6 LPTV
stations will abandon their current programming thereby undoing the
public interest basis for allowing their continued FM6 operations. As
the Commission has previously recognized, offering additional services
on an existing television channel ``contributes to efficient spectrum
use and can expand and enhance use of existing spectrum.''
Further, the Commission concludes that the public interest benefits
of preserving existing FM6 operations offset concerns about existing
FM6 operations causing interference to an
[[Page 59457]]
FM6 LPTV station's own digital television service or to FM radio
licensees. To date, existing FM6 LPTV stations that have been operating
under the technical limitations in the FM6 STAs and using ATSC 3.0 for
their digital television signal have an established track record of not
causing interference to adjacent channel FM stations or their own
television signal. Existing FM6 LPTV stations have been operating for
almost two years via engineering STAs without any legitimate
interference complaints from either adjacent channel FM radio stations
or their own TV viewers. Moreover, the Commission notes that no
commenter has presented credible evidence in the record that any of the
existing FM6 LPTV stations have caused interference.
To the extent that there have been interference-free FM6
operations, the Commission observes that such record is limited to the
anecdotal history of the 13 existing FM6 LPTV stations. Based on co-
existence concerns raised throughout this proceeding, the Commission
has sought to develop a comprehensive record on the potential for FM6
operations to cause interference. One area of potential interference is
to the ``host'' channel 6 LPTV station's own digital operations. A
``host'' station is a channel 6 LPTV station that provides a digital
television service, but also provides an analog FM radio operation over
the same channel. The Commission has asked if an FM6 LPTV station would
be able to operate an analog transmitter without interfering or
derogating its co-channel digital operation. Some commenters argued
that an FM6 LPTV station operating in digital could experience so-
called ``host interference''--a phenomena where a new signal interferes
with a station's existing signal, in this case an LPTV station
operating both digital television and analog FM radio signals.
Similarly, the Commission sought comment on the potential of
interference to adjacent channel FM radio stations on 88.1 and 88.3
MHz. Some commenters raised concerns that higher power FM6 operations
on 87.75 MHz could interfere with lower power adjacent channel FM radio
stations operating on 88.1 MHz and 88.3 MHz. Despite repeated requests,
commenters have failed to produce detailed interference studies that
show that FM6 operations will not cause interference to either host
digital television operations or adjacent channel FM radio stations in
all circumstances. Therefore, because the Commission has only anecdotal
evidence involving specific unmodified stations, it is unable to
conclusively state that no interference will occur from prospective new
FM6 LPTV stations that do not have a track record of interference-free
operations.
For prospective new FM6 operations, such interference concerns
outweigh any benefits from adopting rules allowing new FM6 operations
to commence, thus leading us to conclude that adopting rules to allow
all channel 6 LPTV stations to offer new FM6 services would not serve
the public interest as required by section 336(a)(2) of the Act. Even
though some TV6 LPTV stations may have previously provided FM6 service
while operating in analog before the digital transition (i.e., legacy
analog FM6 stations), the Commission again does not have sufficient
technical analysis to say for certain that there would be no
interference to their own television operations or adjacent FM radio
stations were it to allow them to recommence FM6 operations.
Accordingly, the Commission believes it prudent to proceed cautiously
and establish rules in this Order only for existing FM6 stations, which
have an established track record of non-interference and a history of
providing FM6 service to the public. Commenters support limiting FM6
operations to the existing LPTV stations, provided the Commission take
steps to ensure that the existing stations (and WVOA-LD) will continue
to provide FM6 service without causing interference. To that end, the
Commission adopts specific FM6 operational rules, such as limiting
modifications and explicitly requiring that FM6 operations be conducted
only on a non-interference basis.
The Commission also concludes that the record in this proceeding
demonstrates that there are no reasonable alternatives for existing FM6
operations that provide the same level of accessibility to existing
audiences. The Commission is persuaded that the additional expense and/
or lack of access make other options impractical as reasonable
substitutes for established audiences and services. As commenters point
out, to receive a digital audio stream on an LPTV station's multicast
channel, the listener would need to purchase a digital television
receive antenna in order to access the audio stream. Further, listeners
would lose the portability of an existing FM6 LPTV station's audio
signal as it would only be available on a television set, which is
generally a fixed device. Instead of having to take these additional,
potentially costly steps to continue receiving this established audio
programming, permitting existing FM6 operations to continue as they are
currently offered will allow listeners to utilize existing FM radio
receivers, including in cars and using other portable radio devices,
and continue to obtain FM6 audio programming in the manner that radio
listeners are accustomed to receiving such audio content.
Similarly, the Commission finds that relocating FM6 programming to
digital subchannels on local FM or LPFM stations could also be a more
costly option because it too would potentially involve the purchase of
new equipment for some consumers instead of relying on existing
receivers. Additionally, FM6 LPTV stations would have to negotiate
programming agreements with FM and LPFM radio stations and pay to air
their programming on other stations instead of simply airing their
programming on their own station. Further, given the unique types of
programming often provided by FM6 LPTV stations, it may be difficult to
find an entity interested in carrying their streams that is different
from the entity's programming. As for making the programming available
through the internet, this would create significant barriers for
listeners who do not have internet access, may only have fixed internet
access (thus losing portability of the existing FM6 audio signal), or
may not have mobile internet access with sufficient data plans or a
device capable of streaming audio.
Finally, the Commission finds that obtaining a separate FM or LPFM
radio license provides an unlikely alternative. In particular, because
LPFM stations must be operated on a noncommercial educational basis,
they are not an option for FM6 LPTV stations that historically have
operated as commercial stations. The Commission believes most if not
all FM6 LPTV stations are operating on a commercial basis as evidenced
by the fact that most FM6 LPTV stations submitted Annual DTV Ancillary/
Supplementary Services Reports (LMS Form 2100--Schedule 317) indicating
that they have had revenues from their FM6 operations. Further, in the
case of either LPFM or full power FM, acquiring a station could be an
expensive and time consuming proposition for many FM6 LPTV stations,
especially for those in larger markets. Therefore, for all of the
foregoing reasons, the Commission concludes that the public interest is
best served by allowing existing FM6 operations to continue as an
ancillary or supplementary service.
[[Page 59458]]
Existing FM6 Operations Satisfy Section 336(b)(1)
As required by section 336(b)(1), the Commission concludes that
existing FM6 operations are ``consistent with'' the ``technology or
method designated by the Commission for the provision of advanced
television services . . . .'' As an initial matter, the Commission
interprets the phrase ``consistent with'' to allow for a degree of
flexibility by requiring ancillary or supplementary services to be
compatible with the technology or method for providing advanced
television services. A more narrow reading of the phrase ``consistent
with'' that affords less flexibility would unreasonably constrain the
types of ancillary or supplementary services stations can provide,
thereby frustrating Congressional intent to ``[p]ermit[ ] broadcasters
more flexibility in using their spectrum assignments [ ] consistent
with the public policy goal of providing additional services to the
public.'' The Commission has most recently interpreted this provision
of the Act broadly, observing that ``Congress recognized that the
transition from analog to digital broadcast technology would enable DTV
licensees to provide new and innovative services . . . over their
additional spectrum capacity and wanted to provide licensees with the
flexibility necessary to utilize fully that new potential.'' In
addition, the Commission interprets the phrase ``technology or method
designated by the Commission for the provision of advanced television
services'' to mean the transmission standards required for digital
television stations that have been adopted by the Commission and
incorporated in the rules. While the Commission's rules allow LPTV
stations to comply with either the ATSC 1.0 or 3.0 standard in
providing advanced television services, the Commission analyzes here
compatibility of analog FM6 with only ATSC 3.0 consistent with the
rules the Commission adopts below.
The Commission finds that existing analog FM6 radio operations are
compatible with the ATSC 3.0 standard, and therefore satisfy section
336(b)(1). The ATSC 3.0 standard allows for configurability, permitting
FM6 LPTV stations to make their television signal narrower and/or have
the signals settings modified to have increased error correction
intended to prevent co-channel interference between the stations'
digital television and analog radio signals. Existing FM6 LPTV stations
operating in ATSC 3.0 have been able to continue to deliver free over-
the-air ATSC 3.0 television signals configured to occupy approximately
5.5 MHz of their digital channel capacity while at the same time
providing analog FM6 on a frequency within their 6 MHz channel.
Television channel 6 encompasses the 82-88 MHz band. The Act and the
rules do not require a licensee to use its entire 6 MHz channel solely
for the provision of advanced television services. In fact, in adopting
the ancillary or supplementary provisions of the rules, the Commission
provided numerous examples of non-television services as being
permissible ancillary or supplementary services including: ``computer
software distribution, data transmissions, teletext, interactive
materials, aural messages, paging services, audio signals, subscription
video'' whether offered on a ``broadcast, point-to-point, or point-to-
multipoint basis.'' For these reasons, including the configurability
afforded by ATSC 3.0, the Commission finds that existing analog FM6
radio operations are compatible with the ATSC 3.0 standard.
The Commission disagrees with commenters suggesting that the
definition of ``advanced television services'' should apply to all
services that are incorporated into a digital television station's 6
MHz digital bitstream. Such a finding would be in complete
contradiction with the flexibility afforded to broadcasters under the
Act, and implemented by the rules, to offer ancillary or supplementary
services. A digital LPTV station may offer ancillary or supplementary
services on its assigned frequencies as long as such services are
``consistent with the technology or method designated by the Commission
for the provision of advanced television services'' and, as discussed
in greater detail below, ``avoid derogation of any advanced television
services . . . that the Commission may require using such
frequencies.'' Based on these facts, the Commission concludes that FM6
LPTV stations operations are consistent with the technology or method
designated by the Commission for the provision of advanced television
systems, as required by section 336(b)(1) of the Act and defined by the
rules.
The Commission rejects arguments that FM6 operations are precluded
by section 336(b)(1) of the Act because FM6 stations are providing
separate audio and visual offerings or that FM6 operations are not
``consistent with technology or method designated by the Commission for
the provision of advanced television services'' because neither the
ATSC 3.0 standard nor the rules specifically refer to analog audio
signals. As an initial matter, neither section 336 nor the rules
mandate that particular ancillary or supplementary services must be
specifically integrated into or mentioned within the pertinent digital
television transmission standard (in this case, ATSC 3.0) or in the
rules. Rather, the Commission's rules require only that a digital
television station transmit at least one over-the-air video program
signal at no charge to viewers as a precondition to offering ancillary
and supplementary services. The rules also permit digital LPTV
broadcasters to transmit separate aural and visual program material as
long as the visual signal can be viewed on a receiver based on the ATSC
standard. Here, FM6 stations comply with this rule by providing a
television signal while the analog audio stream is transmitted through
a separate analog audio carrier.
Existing FM6 Operations Satisfy Section 336(b)(2)
As required by section 336(b)(2), the Commission next finds that
existing FM6 operations do not ``derogat[e] any advanced television
services.'' One commenter claims that, by providing an FM6 operation
that uses a portion of an LPTV station's bandwidth, it is ``denying
advanced television services to the entire 6 MHz band as required by
statute'' and that this ``derogate[s] the NextGen ATSC 3.0 experience
and therefore does not meet the statutory test.'' The Commission
disagrees. The derogation prong of section 336(b)(2) prohibits
derogation of ``any advanced television services . . . that the
Commission may require using such frequencies.'' The derogation
standard does not address what hypothetical advanced television
services a station could offer; rather, it addresses the advanced
television services a station actually offers and are otherwise
required by the Commission. Under the rules broadcasters are only
required to provide one free over-the-air video programming stream.
Further, as discussed above, broadcasters are not required to utilize
their entire 6 MHz stream solely for television services and are
authorized by the Act and the rules to offer ancillary or supplementary
services over a portion of their spectrum. The record demonstrates that
the use of ATSC 3.0 to broadcast a station's television stream(s) is
intended to prevent interference between the station's digital
television and analog radio signals and thereby does not run afoul of
the derogation provision of section 336(b)(2) of the Act or Sec.
73.624(c) of the rules.
[[Page 59459]]
Limiting FM6 Operations to Existing Operators
The Commission adopts its proposal to allow only FM6 LPTV stations
with ``active'' FM6 STAs to continue to provide FM6 service. The
Commission will define ``active'' FM6 STAs to be initial FM6 STAs that
were either granted and unexpired, or a request for extension of an STA
that was granted or pending on June 7, 2022 of the release date of the
adopted Amendment of Parts 73 and 74 of the Commission's Rules to
Establish Rules for Digital Low Power Television and Television
Translator Stations, Fifth Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, MB Docket No.
03-185, FCC 22-40 (87 FR 36440) (Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
(FNPRM)). The Commission also requires that to be considered an
``active'' FM6 STA, the STA must remain unexpired (i.e., through grant
of subsequent extension(s)) or have a pending extension request on file
as of the effective date of this R&O.
Eligible FM6 LPTV Stations. The Commission concludes that the
public interest benefits of preserving the existing programming of the
13 FM6 LPTV stations with active FM6 STAs outweighs the risk of
potential interference to other licensed users by these 13 FM6 LPTV
stations. The Commission also finds that limiting the class of stations
eligible to provide FM6 services is consistent with both section
336(a)(2) of the Act, which states that the Commission shall adopt
regulations authorizing ancillary or supplementary services that ``may
be consistent with the public interest, convenience, and necessity,''
and section 336(b)(5) of the Act, which states that in adopting
regulations authorizing ancillary or supplementary services the
Commission shall ``prescribe such other regulations as may be necessary
for the protection of the public interest, convenience, and
necessity.'' These 13 stations (as well as WVOA-LD), present unique
circumstances that weigh in favor of permitting continued FM6
operations as an ancillary or supplementary service. Some commenters
maintain that limiting the class of entities that can provide FM6
service is inconsistent with the requirement under section 307(b) of
the Act to ``provide a fair, efficient, and equitable distribution of
radio service.'' As an initial matter, section 307(b) applies only when
the Commission is ``considering applications for licenses, and
modifications and renewals thereof.'' In this R&O, however, no
applications are before us; rather, the Commission establishes rules
for existing licensees to provide certain ancillary or supplementary
services, so section 307(b) does not apply. In addition, given their
lower power and secondary nature, the Commission has not considered the
mandate of section 307(b) of the Act when deciding how to allocate LPTV
stations.
The Commission finds the 13 FM6 LPTV stations with active FM6 STAs
are distinguishable from other channel 6 LPTV stations that have either
never provided FM6 service or were legacy FM6 stations when they were
operating in analog, but are no longer providing such service. As an
initial matter, the 13 FM6 LPTV stations with active FM6 STAs have a
history of providing consistent FM6 service both prior to and following
the July 13, 2021 LPTV digital television transition. These stations
not only promptly transitioned to digital operations, but they also
converted to ATSC 3.0 and obtained an FM6 STA within a reasonable
period following their digital transition. As a result, listeners have
maintained their reliance on these stations, and preserving access to
programming on which listeners have come to rely weighs heavily in
favor of permitting these 13 FM6 LPTV stations to continue their
existing FM6 operations. Second, permitting only the existing FM6 LPTV
stations to provide FM6 service presents a solution to the interference
concerns raised by adjacent-band FM stations. Existing FM6 LPTV
stations' facilities have been ``frozen'' in place and were not
permitted to be modified. While such stations have been operating
without any verified complaints of interference, the Commission has
established rules to ensure that such interference-free operations
continue into the future with no negative impact on other licensees or
their own digital television service. The same cannot be said of FM6
operations from prospective new FM6 LPTV stations for which the
Commission does not have a track record of non-interference since the
LPTV digital television transition.
WVOA-LD. The Commission concludes that WVOA-LD, Westvale, New York,
licensed to Metro TV, Inc., should be permitted to provide FM6
operations. The station previously provided FM6 service while an analog
station, and was prepared to operate an FM6 station prior to the
release of the FNPRM. However, the station was unable to complete its
conversion to ATSC 3.0 digital operations and initiate FM6 operations
pursuant to an FM6 STA due to a delay in grant of an application for
minor modification. Grant of the application was delayed because the
requisite international coordination clearance from Canada had not been
received by the Commission prior to release of the FNPRM. WVOA-LD
indicates that such minor modification was necessary in order to
adequately implement their digital television service and recommence
its FM6 operation. Because this proceeding was ongoing at the time of
the grant, the license was granted with a condition stating that WVOA-
LD was not permitted to conduct FM6 operations, subject to the outcome
of this proceeding. Given the Commission's decision to permit WVOA-LD
to offer FM6 services, the Commission instructs the Media Bureau to add
a notation to the WVOA-LD license indicating that FM6 operations are
permitted pursuant to Sec. 74.790(o) of the Commission's rules and
this R&O. The Commission finds the delay in obtaining international
coordination was truly outside of WVOA-LD's control, and good cause to
permit WVOA-LD to provide FM6 operations. The Commission has recognized
certain delays in international coordination as truly beyond the
control of the station. Here, WVOA-LD took all steps necessary to
secure Canadian approval and the delays in approval were truly outside
the control of WVOA. No commenter opposes this finding.
In order to confirm that no interference will occur, the Commission
requires that WVOA-LD initially commence FM6 operations under special
temporary authority and operate under such authority for a period of
one-year. Although WVOA-LD argues that such a requirement is
unnecessary, the Commission disagrees because unlike the 13 existing
FM6 LPTV stations, the Commission does not have a record of WVOA-LD
operating in digital while providing FM6 service. Therefore, within 85
days of the effective date of this R&O, the Commission requires WVOA-LD
to commence both ATSC 3.0 and FM6 operations by filing an application
to convert its facility to ATSC 3.0, and request for engineering STA.
The period of 85 days represents the amount of time WVOA-LD would have
had to resume FM6 operations in order to have been included in the
group of 13 FM6 LPTV stations with ``active'' FM6 STAs if its minor
modification application did not require international coordination and
was actionable upon filing when filed on March 11, 2022. WVOA-LD must
notify the Bureau no more than 10 days after it commences FM6
operations by filing a written letter with the Secretary's office, to
the attention of the Chief, Video Division, Media Bureau
[[Page 59460]]
and by providing an electronic version of that letter to the Chief of
the Video Division, Media Bureau. The letter must provide the date the
Station completed its transition to ATSC 3.0 and the date that it
commenced FM6 operations. During the one-year period the station is
operating pursuant to an FM6 STA, WVOA-LD will be required to comply
with all rules adopted in this R&O that would otherwise pertain to an
LPTV station conducting FM6 operations. In addition, WVOA-LD is
required to file status reports of interference, as required for FM6
STAs, disclosing whether it has received any complaints of
interference. During the initial six-month STA, status reports will be
required after 90 days and 180 days of operation. WVOA-LD's status
reports must be filed with the Secretary's office, to the attention of
the Chief of the Video Division, Media Bureau. An electronic copy must
also be sent via electronic mail to the Chief of the Video Division,
Media Bureau. Upon extension of its STA, if granted, WVOA-LD must file
one final status report disclosing whether it has received any
interference complaints within five days of expiration of the STA. It
must also state whether it intends to continue to provide FM6 service
on a permanent basis following expiration of the STA. If no
interference is found and WVOA-LD states it wishes to continue FM6
operations permanently, then WVOA-LD will be permitted to continue FM6
operations on the same basis as the other 13 stations discussed herein
without the need for an STA.
New Entrants and Other ``Legacy'' Analog FM6 LPTV Stations. In
contrast, the Commission cannot make similar conclusions about legacy
analog FM6 LPTV stations that ceased FM6 operations or LPTV channel 6
stations that have never provided FM6 services. In the FNPRM, the
Commission recognized that there may be a limited number of legacy
analog FM6 LPTV stations that discontinued their FM6 operations at the
time of the LPTV digital transition in July 2021, but intended to
resume their FM6 operations once their new digital facilities were
completed. The Commission asked if it should permit these stations to
begin providing FM6 operations under the same conditions as existing
FM6 LPTV stations. In response, the Commission received comments from
two legacy FM6 LPTV stations--WJMF-LD, Jackson, Mississippi, licensed
to KTL, and KBFW-LD, Arlington, Texas, licensed to Benavides. The
Commission finds that these stations are distinguishable from the 13
FM6 LPTV stations with active FM6 STAs and WVOA-LD.
WJMF-LD terminated its analog television operations in July 2021 to
comply with the LPTV digital transition deadline and completed its
conversion to ATSC 1.0 digital operations in January 2022. Although it
was a legacy FM6 LPTV station, the station, at a minimum, has not
provided FM6 service since at least July 13, 2021, nor (unlike WVOA-LD)
did it take steps to preserve FM6 operations. As such the Commission is
unable to conclude that there is an audience that relies on WJMF-LD's
FM6 operations, in contrast to the 13 existing operators that have been
providing service and submitting periodic reporting demonstrating a
lack of interference from their operations. There is also no record of
FM6 operations upon which to determine if the station could operate
without causing interference. While the station's current digital
license largely mirrors the contour of its former analog facility, in
May 2022 WJMF-LD was granted a construction permit to increase its
coverage area. Such a modification could significantly alter the
potential interference profile of the station and remains unbuilt,
unlike the 13 existing operators about whose FM6 operations the
Commission does have a record of non-interference. WJMF-LD also failed
to provide any circumstances, as in the case of WVOA-LD, that prevented
it from taking steps to maintain its FM6 operations, as the 13 other
stations did, following the digital television transition deadline. The
Commission finds that KTL had ample time following the digital
transition deadline and prior to release of the FNPRM to pursue steps
to preserve its FM6 operations, but for its own independent reasons
chose not to take action.
As for KBFW-LD, it was a legacy analog FM6 LPTV station that did
not convert to digital ATSC 1.0 until September 1, 2021. Unlike WJMF-
LD, however, it continued its FM6 analog operation, without Commission
authority, until sometime in May 2022 when the station was instructed
by the Enforcement Bureau to cease and desist its FM6 analog
operations. The station did not seek to convert to ATSC 3.0 until July
2022. KBFW-LD has pending before the Bureau an application to convert
its station to ATSC 3.0. The Commission provides KBFW-LD 30 days
following release of this R&O to notify the Video Division (Division)
of its intent to proceed with transitioning its facility to ATSC 3.0
operations. If KBFW-LD intends to proceed with transitioning to ATSC
3.0, it must amend its pending application to identify its new
transition date. Alternatively, KBFW-LD may withdraw its application.
Should KBFW-LD fail to amend its request or seek withdrawal of its
application within 30 days, the Bureau is instructed to dismiss the
pending application. Benavides contends that Bureau staff assured him
that he would be permitted to obtain an FM6 STA. This appears to be an
inaccurate characterization of the guidance provided. In a series of
emails dating back to August 2021, Bureau staff provided both Benavides
and his counsel detailed instructions on how to proceed with filing an
FM6 STA. Benavides and his counsel failed to follow these instructions
and instead proceeded to continue to provide, at minimum, analog FM
service, without a valid authorization. Notwithstanding any potential
misunderstanding about obtaining an FM6 STA, Benavides still was not
prepared to convert to ATSC 3.0 and commence FM6 operations pursuant to
FM6 STA until July 2022.
Similar to WJMF-LD, the station has not provided FM6 service for an
extended period of time--having last engaged in authorized operations
nearly two years ago. As such, the Commission is unable to conclude
there is an audience that has continued to rely on KBFW-LD's FM6
operations, as the Commission has for the 13 FM6 stations that have
continued to provide FM6 service, with limited or no interruption.
Further, as was the case with WJMF-LD, there is no record of the
station operating as an FM6 LPTV station pursuant to an FM6 engineering
STA upon which to determine if the station could operate without
causing interference. KBFW-LD did operate in digital ATSC 1.0 with an
FM6 operation for several months but such operation was not authorized
and the Commission will not recognize it for purposes of determining
the station's operational record. KBFW-LD also fails to provide any
circumstances truly beyond its control, as in the case of WVOA-LD, that
prevented it from taking steps to maintain its FM6 operations, as 13
other stations did following the LPTV digital television transition
deadline. Like KTL, Benavides had ample time following the digital
transition deadline and prior to release of the FNPRM to pursue steps
to preserve its FM6 operations, but did not take the necessary steps in
time. In light of all these facts, the Commission rejects KTL and
Benavides' calls to be permitted to provide FM6 services on their
channel 6 LPTV stations.
Likewise, channel 6 LPTV stations that are seeking to be new
entrants to FM6 operations do not have similar equities at play as the
13 FM6 LPTV
[[Page 59461]]
stations, as they have no established listener base that relies upon
them, and the Commission therefore finds that there are insufficient
public interest reasons to outweigh the interference concerns brought
on by new FM6 operations. The Commission also finds that WVOA-LD is
distinguishable from potential ``new entrants'' because WVOA-LD had an
established audience prior to the digital transition and was prepared
to proceed with FM6 operations, but was prevented from doing so because
approval of its application was pending international coordination.
Even to the extent that there are licensees that obtained channel 6
LPTV stations with the expectation that they may be able to provide FM6
operations, the public interest rationale--maintaining service on which
an audience has come to rely--does not apply to hypothetical scenarios
about service a licensee might provide. In addition, these new entrant
stations have no record regarding interference because they have not
been providing FM6 service, unlike the 13 existing FM6 operators which
have an established track record of no interference. For the foregoing
reasons, the Commission also rejects these stations' requests to be
permitted to provide FM6 services in the future.
The Commission also rejects arguments that its decision to limit
FM6 operations to certain stations is arbitrary and capricious. As
discussed above, the Commission concludes that the public interest is
served by maintaining existing FM6 services provided by stations that
have actively taken steps to ensure continuity of service to their
listeners. The Commission is also limiting the class of stations based
on concerns of potential interference to other licensed users in areas
where FM6 services are not currently provided or to their own digital
channel 6 television operations. The 13 existing FM6 LPTV stations have
a proven record of not causing interference to either other licensed FM
station operations or to their own digital channel 6 operations. While
the same cannot currently be said for WVOA-LD, as discussed above WVOA
presents a unique circumstance in which the station was prepared to
proceed with FM6 operations, but was prevented from doing so due to
reasons truly outside of its control. It has subsequently completed
construction of its facility and the Commission is adopting
requirements herein to determine if the Station can establish a track
record of no interference to other licensed operations. The Commission
has no such record of interference-free FM6 operations by new stations
or legacy FM6 stations no longer operating. The Commission concludes
that the risk of upsetting the current, interference-free environment
outweighs the benefit of permitting new FM6 LPTV stations and is
contrary to the public interest rationale by which the Commission has
determined that continued operation of current analog FM6 operations
following the stations' digital television transition is justified.
The Commission is not persuaded by the argument that not all
potential FM6 operators had the opportunity to convert to digital
operations and obtain an FM6 STA. As discussed above, the Commission's
examination of whether to permit the continuation of such services has
extended nearly a decade. As such, the Commission believes that all
channel 6 LPTV stations have had adequate notice of a potential change
in Commission rules. In fact, a significant number of stations did take
note and have been providing FM6 service following their conversion to
digital, thus undermining arguments by some commenters that FM6 LPTV
stations were not able to continue operations in the face of regulatory
uncertainty.
Establishing Rules Governing FM6 Operations
Codifying Certain FM6 STA Conditions
Existing FM6 LPTV stations will be permitted to continue their FM6
operations subject to a new rule the Commission adopts that codifies
certain conditions that are currently contained in the FM6 STAs. FM6
LPTV stations will be required to keep current their FM6 STAs until the
rules the Commission adopts become final. The Commission disagrees with
commenters that suggest that no rules are necessary. The Commission
finds that rules are needed to ensure that FM6 LPTV stations continue
to operate in a manner that is consistent with the public interest
rationale for allowing FM6 operations to continue, to prevent
interference with other licensees, and to prevent the derogation of
their television signal as required by the Act and the rules.
The Commission codifies the following requirements based the
current conditions set forth in the FM STAs: (1) FM6 LPTV stations must
operate in ATSC 3.0 digital format; (2) FM6 LPTV stations must provide
their FM6 operations on 87.75 MHz; (3) FM6 operations must be conducted
on a non-interference basis to any other licensed primary or secondary
user; (4) FM6 LPTV stations must provide at least one stream of
synchronized video and audio programming on the ATSC 3.0 portion of the
spectrum at any time the station is operating; (5) FM6 operations may
not exceed the coverage area of the FM6 LPTV station's ATSC 3.0
synchronized video/audio programming stream; and (6) FM6 LPTV stations
may make modifications to their technical facilities, as otherwise
permitted under Part 74 of the Rules, so long as the contour of the
station's modified facilities remains within its current protected
contour. The Commission declines to require that FM6 LPTV station
licenses be prohibited from being assigned or transferred or that they
be subject to periodic reporting requirements, though the Commission
does require that FM6 LPTV stations notify us of their intent to
continue to or cease to provide FM6 operations and provide an ongoing
certification as part of their license renewal application.
Requirement to Operate in ATSC 3.0 Format. The Commission requires
FM6 LPTV stations operate using the ATSC 3.0 digital standard.
Commenters unanimously support this requirement as a condition of being
able to provide FM6 operations. The Commission recognizes that this is
a departure from its policy of a voluntary transition for television
stations to the ATSC 3.0 digital format; however, the Commission finds
in this unique circumstance it is a necessary requirement in order to
address concerns that FM6 operations will derogate the FM6 LPTV
station's television service. LPTV stations may choose to operate in
ATSC 3.0 but are not required to. Some commenters argue that previous
studies show the potential for interference from FM6 operations to the
LPTV station's own digital operation. However, these studies were
conducted while FM6 LPTV stations were operating in ATSC 1.0. As
evidenced by the ``Perry Priestly'' study and more recently through
real-world operations under the FM6 STAs, because the ATSC 3.0 digital
format is more configurable the existing FM6 LPTV stations have been
able to make their television signal narrower and/or have the signals
settings modified to have increased error correction intended to
prevent co-channel interference between the stations' digital
television and analog radio signals. Accordingly, in the case of the 13
existing FM6 LPTV stations, operating in ATSC 3.0 appears to have
addressed concerns that FM6 operations will interfere with or derogate
their own digital television operation. Therefore, in order to ensure
that FM6 LPTV stations comply with the derogation standard set forth in
the
[[Page 59462]]
Act and the rules, the Commission will require that they transmit their
television signal using the ATSC 3.0 standard.
Operation on 87.75 MHz. The Commission requires FM6 transmissions
to be conducted at 87.75 MHz. A majority of commenters supported this
requirement. This is the frequency currently being used by all current
FM6 LPTV stations and as a result it has been tested and shown by the
13 existing FM6 LPTV stations through their FM6 STAs to provide a
quality FM signal without causing interference to other FM stations. As
a condition to their FM6 engineering STAs, FM6 LPTV stations were
required to operate on 87.75 MHz and to report any interference that
occurred from their operations. No such interference has been reported
to date. Absent additional technical data supporting a shift to 87.7
MHz, none of which has been provided in the record, the Commission
finds taking the time now to develop a record would only serve to
needlessly prolong an already complex proceeding. In addition, it is
not clear what cognizable benefit to receivability there would be based
on the documented experiences of FM6 LPTV stations that have been
providing FM service over 87.75 MHz.
Operation of FM6 on a Non-Interference Basis. The Commission
requires that FM6 operations be conducted on a non-interference basis
``to any other licensed user, including but not limited to broadcast
television or radio users.'' The Commission agrees with commenters that
FM6 LPTV stations must operate without causing any impermissible
interference to other licensed users, both users with primary and
secondary interference protection rights. The Commission disagrees with
NAB that codification of this condition is unnecessary if FM6
operations are restricted to just a limited number of stations. By
codifying this condition, the Commission seeks to continue to prevent
interference and make clear that any interference to other licensed
users will not be permitted as these services are being offered purely
on an ancillary or supplementary basis.
Synchronized Video and Audio. The Commission further adopts the
requirement that FM6 LPTV stations must provide at least one stream of
synchronized video and audio programming on the ATSC 3.0 portion of the
spectrum at any time the station is operating. The Commission concludes
that adoption of this operational requirement will ensure that FM6 LPTV
stations remain dedicated to providing the type of digital television
service that viewers have come to expect from TV stations in addition
to their FM6 operations. This requirement will also ensure that the
spectrum, which has been allocated for the provision of television
service, is being used in an efficient manner and for its primary
purpose. A majority of commenters support this requirement. The
Commission disagrees with the single commenter that called this
requirement ``constitutionally dubious.'' Its decision to require one
stream of synchronized video and audio programming is ``content
neutral'' in that it does not reference or implement any requirements
regarding the content of the speech. The D.C. Circuit has applied a
``heightened rational basis'' standard of review to content-neutral
broadcast regulation. Applied here, requiring one stream of
synchronized video and audio programming is reasonably tailored to
satisfying the substantial governmental interest in ensuring that
frequencies allocated for television service continue to be used for
the types of television services viewers have come to expect from TV
stations.
The synchronized video and audio programming condition was
originally imposed on the FM6 STAs to ensure that digital LPTV stations
providing FM6 operations continued to provide television service that
meets viewers' expectations. Prior to the LPTV digital television
transition in July 2021, when FM6 operations were being conducted as
part of an LPTV station's analog channel 6 operation, most FM6 LPTV
stations were sacrificing the extent of their television service by
airing limited video-only programming. Because the audio signal for
their analog TV station was dedicated to providing the FM6 service, the
video service contained minimal video-only content, such as community
bulletin boards. FM6 LPTV stations appeared to be focusing their
resources on their radio FM6 operation over their television operation.
However, digital television provides these stations a new opportunity
to offer more substantial, independent video content synchronized with
audio while still preserving their FM6 operations. Although other
digital television stations are required to provide only one over-the-
air video program signal at no direct charge to viewers, and may offer
video only or separate video and audio on their television operations,
given FM6 LPTV stations' past practice favoring their FM6 operations at
the expense of their television operations, the Commission continues to
believe it is prudent to make clear that an FM6 LPTV station must offer
at least one stream of synchronized video and audio programming. This
will ensure that FM6 LPTV stations provide the type of digital
television service that viewers have come to expect from TV stations
while also preserving their FM6 operations.
The Commission also declines to adopt the condition imposed in the
current FM6 STAs that the synchronized audio and video programming be
provided on a full time (24 x 7) basis. Because the rules provide that
LPTV stations are ``not required to adhere to any regular schedule of
operation,'' the Commission finds it more appropriate to adopt the
revised version of this condition proposed in the FNPRM that requires
that FM6 LPTV stations provide at least one stream of synchronized
video and audio programming on the ATSC 3.0 portion of the spectrum
``at any time the station is operating.'' There was no opposition to
this proposed revision. In order to ensure that a station's FM6
operations are not prioritized over its television service and that
television remains its primary purpose, the Commission will consider a
station to be ``operating'' any time it is engaged in FM6 operations
over its channel.
LPTV and FM6 Operational Contours. The Commission also adopts the
requirement that the service contour of a station's FM6 operation may
not exceed the protected contour of the LPTV station. The Commission
defines ``service contour'' as the service contour provided for in
Sec. 73.313 of the rules. The Commission defines ``protected contour''
as the protected contour provided for in Sec. 74.792 of the rules. In
the FNPRM, it proposed that ``the FM6 coverage area must be contained
within and may not exceed the coverage area of the LPTV station's
synchronized video/audio programming stream . . . .'' To more
accurately describe the coverage areas of the FM6 and TV operations and
to reflect the language used by the rules, the Commission will use the
term ``service contour'' to describe the FM6 station's coverage area
and ``protected contour'' to describe the TV station's coverage area. A
similar condition was included in the FM6 STAs to prevent FM6 LPTV
stations from configuring their LPTV station's technical facilities in
a manner that would favor their FM6 operation over their digital
television operation, something that, as just discussed, occurred while
FM6 LPTV stations were solely operating in analog. The Commission finds
that adopting a similar provision here will help to ensure that FM6
LPTV stations continue to focus their attention on the operation of
their digital LPTV station--the primary purpose of their station
license.
[[Page 59463]]
Further, it concludes that adoption of this requirement will provide a
predictable coverage area for the FM6 signal. The Commission notes that
currently FM6 LPTV stations operate with co-located television and FM6
facilities. FM6 LPTV stations operate separate transmitters--one
digital television and one analog FM radio--that are combined into one
transmission line and broadcast with a combined antenna. The rules the
Commission adopts today permit only this type of configuration.
Commenters are united in their support for this requirement,
however, there is disagreement on how to determine if the service
contour of a station's FM6 operation is exceeding the protected contour
of its television operation. After considering the record and further
technical analysis, the Commission concludes that the best approach is
to require the service contour of FM6 operations to be contained
within, and may not exceed, the LPTV station's protected contour. The
Commission finds the alternative approaches suggested by commenters are
impractical and overly burdensome. It would be difficult, if not
impossible, for an FM6 station to test all locations where both the
synchronized video/audio and the analog FM signal can be heard.
Further, the rules recognize different standards for measuring the
strength of a digital LPTV signal and an FM audio signal. Rather than
try to reconcile those differences in a single, ``one-size-fits-all
rule,'' the Commission will allow FM6 LPTV stations to demonstrate the
service contour of their FM6 operations and the protected contour of
their TV operations using established methodologies for each service in
the rules. FM6 LPTV stations have been using this approach in their 90-
day and 180-day status reports filed as a condition to their FM6 STAs.
FM6 LPTV stations have been successfully demonstrating in these reports
that the service contour of their FM6 operations (as determined using
the standard Part 73 methodology) does not exceed that of the protected
contour of their LPTV operations (as determined using the standard Part
74 methodology). The Commission has no reason to question either the
methodologies or results of these showings, especially as it has not
received any evidence to the contrary.
Technical Modifications. The Commission will permit FM6 LPTV
stations to make modifications to their technical facilities, as
otherwise permitted under Part 74 of the Rules, so long as the
protected contour of the station's modified television facilities
remains within its current protected contour and the service contour of
the station's FM6 operations does not exceed the protected contour of
the station's television operation. For example, LPTV stations on
channel 6 are not authorized to operate with an ERP greater than 3 kW.
Initially, as a condition in FM6 engineering STAs, the Bureau
restricted modifications in order to ``lock'' the FM6 LPTV station
facilities operations in place while it were evaluating the potential
for interference from FM6 operations to other users. The condition
stated: ``[d]uring the term of this STA, the technical facilities of
(FM6 LPTV station) may not be modified.'' In the FNPRM the Commission
sought comment on whether to maintain this condition and whether to
provide any exceptions. Commenters felt that this restriction was too
stringent and expressed their concerns that such a condition could
limit FM6 LPTV stations from making modifications to better serve their
audiences.
Although the record reflects that there have been no reports of
interference from the FM6 operations of the 13 existing FM6 LPTV
stations, this has been based on their current operations which have
been frozen for almost two years. Therefore, in order to prevent
possible interference that could result if an FM6 LPTV station were to
modify its facilities, the Commission finds it is appropriate to limit
modifications that could expand an FM6 LPTV station's FM6 operations
beyond the protected contour of its television operations as of the
release date of this R&O. Allowing such changes could potentially upset
the current interference free environment that serves as one basis for
permitting continued FM6 operations. FM6 LPTV stations may seek to
alter their protected contour if they can demonstrate that the change
is an ``engineering necessity'' or can meet the Commission's general
waiver standard.
Assignment and Transfer of FM6 LPTV Stations. The Commission
concludes that FM6 LPTV stations should be permitted to be assigned or
transferred. The FM6 STAs included a condition that limited FM6 LPTV
stations from being assigned or transferred while FM6 operations were
being conducted. While licensees of FM6 LPTV stations were always free
to transfer their stations, such action would have required the
termination of their FM6 operation. In the FNPRM, the Commission
questioned whether inclusion of such a limit in its final FM6 rules
would continue to serve the public interest. The Commission now
concludes that it would not.
The Bureau imposed a restriction on transfers and assignments in an
effort to maintain the status quo during the pendency of this
proceeding and to prevent speculative transactions. This action stemmed
from a concern that, during the pendency of this proceeding, parties
could seek to obtain an FM6 station without any intention of continuing
FM6 operations and for the sole purpose of immediately ``flipping'' the
station to another party for a quick profit if continued FM6 operations
were ultimately permitted. A small number of commenters believe it
should be retained ``in perpetuity'' in order to prevent future
speculation of FM6 LPTV stations. However, now that this proceeding is
complete and the Commission has confined FM6 LPTV stations to only a
limited number of stations that have demonstrated an interest in
maintaining their FM6 operations into the future, the Commission
concludes that there is no longer a risk of parties speculating in FM6
LPTV stations. As discussed above, the steps taken by the remaining FM6
LPTV stations to complete their digital television transition and
quickly resume FM6 operations shows their clear desire to continue to
provide FM6 service to their listeners. Furthermore, the Commission
finds that prohibiting the assignment or transfer of these stations
would undermine a key rationale by which it has based its decision to
permit the continued operation of these stations--the preservation of
existing service that listeners rely upon. To the extent a current
licensee no longer wishes to operate its station it should be
permitted, like any other licensee, to sell its station to someone that
wants to continue to offer its television operations, along with its
FM6 operations if they so choose. Accordingly, the Commission finds the
limitation on transfers is no longer necessary and it concludes that
the public interest would not be served maintaining the restriction. To
the extent that an FM6 LPTV station is assigned or transferred and the
new licensee intends to continue FM6 operations it must include a
statement to that effect in its assignment or transfer application. The
new licensee will be required to meet all the requirements in the rules
for FM6 operations and should they choose to discontinue FM6
operations, such discontinuation is permanent.
The Commission finds that an FM6 LPTV station's FM6 operation is
not severable from its digital television license and may not be
assigned or transferred independently from the FM6
[[Page 59464]]
LPTV station. The Commission bases this conclusion upon the fact that
it is not separately authorizing FM6 operations, but rather are
allowing them as an ancillary or supplementary service to the FM6 LPTV
station's main digital television license. An FM6 LPTV station is
permitted to provide FM6 operations only as a result of it offering a
free over-the-air television service.
Reporting Requirements. The Commission adopts its tentative
conclusion and will not require FM6 LPTV stations to undertake periodic
reporting requirements similar to those contained in their FM6 STAs.
The periodic reporting requirement was included as a condition to the
FM6 STAs to monitor the ongoing STA operations of FM6 LPTV stations for
reports of interference and to see if FM6 LPTV stations were complying
with the condition that their digital television and analog FM radio
operations were serving similar populations. The Commission agrees with
the majority of commenters that the periodic reporting requirement is
no longer necessary. In this R&O, the Commission adopts permanent rules
to address the circumstances that the reporting requirement was
established to monitor. Failure to comply with these rules will result
in sanction and potentially loss of the ability to continue providing
FM6 service.
Other parties argue that the submission of written reports is still
needed in order to confirm system operation and to gather data to
confirm that the FM6 service can be implemented and operated in the
public interest. The Commission disagree. The record, which includes
real-world information collected over nearly the last two years from
FM6 LPTV stations' FM6 STA operations demonstrates that interference
from the 13 existing FM6 LPTV stations is not likely to occur to either
adjacent-band FM radio operations or to the host LPTV station's channel
6 operations. Further, there have been no legitimate reports of
interference being caused by the 13 FM6 LPTV stations that have been
operating under STAs. In addition, FM6 LPTV stations are permitted to
make modifications to their facilities only under very limited
circumstances. As a result of these facts, the Commission sees no basis
for requiring FM6 LPTV stations to continue to submit periodic reports.
Required FM6 Operational Notices. The Commission will require that,
after review and approval of the information collection requirements
adopted herein by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the Bureau
will issue a Public Notice announcing the deadline for all FM6 LPTV
stations to notify the Media Bureau whether they will continue FM6
operations and confirm their precise FM6 operational parameters.
Because the Commission is not licensing FM6 operations separately, this
verification enables a confirmation of which stations' FM6 operations
will be ongoing and provide continued certainty with regards to those
operations. FM6 LPTV stations will also be required to include in this
notification the current operating parameters of their FM6 operations.
Such information must include: maximum effective radiated power (ERP);
radiation center above ground level (RCAGL); radiation center above
mean sea level (RCAMSL); antenna height above average terrain (HAAT);
antenna type (directional or non-directional); directional antenna
pattern (if applicable); antenna make and model; transmitter power
output (TPO); and a description of the transmission system, including
any transmission lines, connectors, combiners, etc., and their
associated losses. Should any technical parameters of the station's FM6
operations change, the licensee must provide written notification to
the Media Bureau at least ten (10) days prior to such modifications
occurring. An FM6 LPTV station that voluntarily chooses to permanently
discontinue FM6 operations is required to notify the Media Bureau
within 30 days of permanently ceasing FM6 operations. If an FM6 station
permanently ceases FM6 operations either voluntarily or is deemed to
have discontinued operations pursuant to The Commission's Part 73
rules, it will not be permitted to resume FM6 operations in the future.
All actions with respect to the cessation of FM6 operation will be
final as with any action to permanently discontinue a broadcast
operation. As part of its finding below that FM6 LPTV station's
requirement to comply with certain analogous FM rules, the Commission
notes that pursuant to 47 CFR 73.1740(a)(1) FM6 LPTV stations' FM6
operations must adhere to the minimum operating schedule for FM
stations. Failure to do so absent valid special temporary authority to
operate at variance, will result in sanction or other actions, which
could include consideration at renewal of whether the station has
served the public interest. One of the primary rationales by which the
Commission is permitting continued FM6 operations is in order to
provide continuity service. The Commission finds that failure by an FM6
LPTV station to adhere to the minimum operating schedule for FM
stations, without valid special temporary authority, is presumptively
adverse to the public interest. The Commission also notes that should
an FM6 LPTV station's digital television operation temporarily cease
operations, the station will be required to also discontinue its FM6
operation until such time as the digital television operation resumes
as engaging in FM6 operations is dependent upon it providing the
digital television service. Cessation of FM6 operations only shall not
affect the status of an LPTV station's license or its ability to
continue to provide digital television service. Finally, as an
additional measure to ensure that FM6 LPTV stations are continuing to
serve the public, the Commission will also require that FM6 LPTV
stations certify in their license renewal application that they have
continued to provide FM6 operations in accordance with the FM6 rules
during their prior license term. The Commission delegates authority to
the Media Bureau to determine the most appropriate means for these
stations to make such certification, be it by an attachment to the
renewal application or some other reasonable means. All notifications
required by this paragraph shall be made by written letter and mailed
to the FCC Office of the Secretary, Attention: Chief, Video Division,
Media Bureau. An electronic copy of any notification must also be sent
via electronic mail to the Chief of the Video Division, Media Bureau. A
copy of all notifications shall be uploaded by the Media Bureau to the
station's LMS file.
Application of Part 73 FM Rules
Although FM6 operations are not separately authorized or licensed,
the Commission concludes that the public interest will be best served
by requiring FM6 operations to be subject to appropriate Part 73 rules
that currently apply to full service FM radio stations, including
emergency alert and online public file requirements. The Commission
also finds that application of certain of the rules is consistent with
and required by section 336(b)(3) of the Act. The Commission also
concludes that it adopts such rules and policies for FM6 operations
under its general Title III authority. Furthermore, FM6 LPTV stations,
as they are licensed as LPTV stations, must continue to comply with all
applicable Part 73 and 74 rules that pertain to their digital
television operations.
Section 336(b)(3) of the Act provides that, in prescribing the
regulations required by ancillary or supplementary services, the
Commission shall ``apply
[[Page 59465]]
to any other ancillary or supplementary service such of the
Commission's regulations as are applicable to the offering of analogous
services by any other person . . . .'' Based on this statutory
requirement, the Commission concludes that certain rules that pertain
to full service FM radio stations should be applied to FM6 LPTV
stations since FM6 LPTV stations offer services that are ``analogous''
to full service FM radio stations. A majority of commenters support
this approach.
As a practical matter, the Commission agrees that listeners are not
necessarily able to distinguish between an FM6 LPTV station's FM
operations and a traditional FM station. Further, viewers watching an
FM6 LPTV station's digital television programming may not be
simultaneously listening to the station's analog FM6 audio programming,
and vice versa. As a result, the Commission finds it is important that
FM6 LPTV stations continue to comply with the rules that are otherwise
applicable to FM radio operations, including but not limited to the
rules related to advertising/commercials, programming, and the
Emergency Alert System (EAS). In particular, in order to prevent
viewers and listeners from missing vital EAS alerts, the Commission
wants to make clear that FM6 LPTV stations must maintain the capability
to separately air EAS alerts on both their television and their FM6
operations.
Further, although LPTV stations are not required to maintain an
online public inspection file (OPIF), the Commission finds it is
appropriate to require FM6 LPTV stations to maintain one for their FM6
operations. While some commenters argue that there is no purpose to be
served by requiring that FM6 LPTV stations maintain an OPIF solely for
their FM6 operations, the Commission agrees with commenters maintaining
that such a requirement safeguards regulatory compliance with regard to
FM operations and provides parity with other FM stations. To be clear,
the OPIF requirement will apply only to the FM6 LPTV station's FM6
operations. The Media Bureau will create an OPIF for each FM6 LPTV
station in the Commission's database for all FM6 LPTV stations and to
notify the Stations by written letter once they are able to file
documents in their OPIF. Compliance with the OPIF requirement will take
effect either upon effective date of the rule or 30 days following
creation of the Stations' OPIF, whichever is later.
The Commission disagrees with the argument that requiring FM6 LPTV
stations to comply with both LPTV and certain Part 73 FM rules is
unnecessary or inappropriate as a result of their secondary status or
because all relevant regulations already apply by nature of their
status as an LPTV station. This argument does not reflect how FM6
operations are actually conducted in the digital context and would be
inconsistent with section 336(b)(3) of the Act. First, the Act
specifically mandates that the Commission apply regulations to
ancillary or supplementary services that are analogous to other
regulated services. The secondary nature of LPTV stations is irrelevant
to whether the analogous services provision of the Act should apply.
There is no exception in either the Act or the rules from this
requirement for stations with secondary status that are providing
ancillary or supplementary services. Second, while LPTV and FM radio
may have some overlapping rules, they are distinct and independent
services with different rules. For example, LPTV stations do not have
an OPIF requirement and have different station identification
requirements. The record is clear that the aim of these FM6 operations
is to provide an audio service that is analogous to other FM radio
service and received using FM radio tuners. Therefore, the Commission
finds that such FM6 operations provided by FM6 LPTV stations is
analogous to those of licensed FM radio operations and should be
regulated as such.
The Commission does, however, find that specific Part 73 technical
rules for full service FM radio stations should not apply to FM6
operations because FM6 LPTV stations are operating on frequencies and
subject to certain conditions that make the application of certain FM
technical rules unnecessary and impractical. Although FM6 LPTV stations
operate separate television and radio transmission systems, pursuant to
the new rules the Commission has adopted today, the FM6 operations will
be restricted in certain respects. For example, FM6 LPTV stations are
permitted to make changes to their FM6 station facilities only under
very limited circumstances (without a showing of ``engineering
necessity'' or a waiver), are limited to operating on 87.75 MHz, may
offer FM6 service only within the LPTV station's protected contour, and
may operate only on a non-interference basis. The Commission has also
limited the number of FM6 LPTV stations to a finite group that have
already proven they do not cause the interference that many of the Part
73 technical rules for FM stations are intended to prevent.
Accordingly, the Commission finds that applying the specific technical
rules in Sec. Sec. 73.201-73.277, 73.310-73.312, and 73.314-73.318 in
the context of FM6 operations are not only unnecessary, but could be
contradictory to the specific rules it has adopted governing FM6
operations.
Five Percent Fee For Ancillary or Supplementary Services
Consistent with its determination to allow FM6 operations to
continue on an ancillary or supplementary basis, the Commission finds
that FM6 LPTV stations that offer feeable ancillary or supplementary
services are subject to the five percent fee on the gross revenue of
such services and must submit an Annual DTV Ancillary/Supplementary
Services Report. Commenters unanimously agree that FM6 LPTV stations
offering feeable ancillary or supplementary services should be subject
to this fee and reporting requirement. The Commission also notes that
several FM6 LPTV stations began making fee payments on their FM6
operations.
As the Commission observed in the FNPRM, its ancillary or
supplementary rules provide that digital television stations (including
digital LPTV stations) must annually remit a fee of five percent of the
gross revenues derived from all ``feeable'' ancillary and supplementary
services. The Commission has defined ``feeable'' ancillary or
supplementary services as services for which payment of a subscription
fee or charge is required in order to receive the service,'' or if no
payment is required from consumers, the licensee ``directly or
indirectly receives compensation from a third party in return for the
transmission of material provided by that third party (other than
commercial advertisements used to support broadcasting for which a
subscription fee is not required).'' Moreover, the rules provide that
``[t]he fee required by this provision shall be imposed on any and all
revenues from such services, including revenues derived from
subscription fees and from any commercial advertisements transmitted on
the service.'' Given these rules, any FM6 LPTV station that provides
``feeable services'' is required to comply with the Rules and both
remit the required fee and submit an Annual DTV Ancillary/Supplementary
Services Report to indicate that they provided feeable services, the
amount of gross revenues of such services, and whether they have
remitted the requisite five percent fee.
[[Page 59466]]
Licensing of Additional NCE FM Stations
The Commission declines to adopt the proposal discussed in the
FNPRM to repurpose TV6 spectrum (82-88 MHz) for FM services nationwide
in locations where the channels are not being used to provide
television programming. In July 2020, NPR argued FM6 is not an
efficient use of spectrum, the TV6 resource was not being fully
utilized by television broadcasters and much of the spectrum was laying
fallow, especially in the rural parts of the country. The Commission
finds that the record does not support such a plan to remove a portion
of the remaining spectrum allotted for television use and converting it
to radio use. The Commission finds that the plan is neither feasible,
because of the possibility of interference; nor efficient, because
receivers are not capable of receiving FM stations below 87.7 FM; nor
appropriate, because TV6 spectrum is still needed for broadcast
television use.
First, the Commission agrees with commenters that the interference
implications of NPR's plan to reallocate unused TV6 spectrum have not
been adequately considered. Further, the Commission finds that NPR's
stated efficiency goal of adding up to 30 new FM channels cannot be
achieved because it would not be possible to use all 30 channels in one
place. Although in theory 30 FM channels are available in the band that
comprises TV6, in practice it would not be possible to use all 30
channels in one place given interference considerations. Practically
speaking, the number of channels for use by new FM radio stations in
any one area would be significantly fewer.
The Commission finds that even in places where there are available
allocations for FM stations under the proposal, listeners would not be
able to receive most transmissions because FM radio receivers receive
only the top-most portion of the 82-88 MHz band (87.7 or 87.9 MHz) of
the 6 MHz channel that comprises TV6. The Commission agrees with
commenter concerns that FM radio receivers cannot ``tune down'' to the
rest of the spectrum--82.1-87.5 MHz. Therefore, the Commission agrees
that it would be impractical to reallocate unused TV6 spectrum for use
by new FM radio stations when it is unlikely that listeners would be
able to receive most of the broadcasts from these new FM radio
stations.
Finally, although some commenters support NPR's proposal by
suggesting that it is a better use of spectrum because TV6 is not ideal
for digital television broadcasting, the Commission disagrees, and note
that many TV stations operate on TV6. According to NAB, as of July
2022, 98 television stations were authorized to operate on TV6 in the
United States. Some of these stations serve large, sparsely populated
areas where the relatively low power consumption of TV6 transmitters
makes it economical to provide television service to rural Americans.
Others serve densely populated urban areas where no alternative
channels exist in more desirable spectrum. Furthermore, ATBA contends a
number of TV6 stations could also serve as ``lighthouse'' stations for
NextGen TV, providing a critical transition path for television
broadcasters as they migrate to ATSC 3.0. The record persuades us that
82-88 MHz is still needed for television, especially given that the UHF
spectrum available for broadcast television has been dramatically
reduced in recent years. Therefore, the Commission declines to
repurpose TV6 spectrum in areas where there are presently no TV6
stations to permit the construction of new FM stations that, in many
cases, listeners will be unable to receive because their receivers
cannot ``tune down'' to the lower portions of the 82-88 MHz frequency
(i.e., 82.1-87.5 MHz).
Elimination of Certain TV6 Interference Protections
Although the Commission received comments on this matter, it did
not receive sufficient technical studies and analysis upon which to
base any final decisions to revise its TV6 interference rules. Any
changes to these rules, which were originally adopted when television
was operating in analog, would need to reflect the fact that all
television is now operating in digital. Despite asking in the FNPRM for
commenters to analyze the existing digital television landscape and
suggest whether and how the existing TV6 interference provisions should
be retained, revised or updated, the Commission received little comment
to that effect. Therefore, given the incomplete nature of the record,
the Commission declines to revise the TV6 interference rules at this
time. The Commission will seek additional comment about this matter at
a future date. In addition, NPR proposed that the Commission adopt a
narrow rule change to enable existing NCE FM radio stations to modify
their authorizations to relocate to channel 200 (87.9 MHz). As this
change could impact the revisions to the TV6 interference rules, the
Commission finds that it would be more appropriate to consider NPR's
proposal in conjunction with a future TV6 interference proceeding. The
Commission encourages interested parties to continue to work together
to find a solution and develop comprehensive technical studies to
support their position. REC Networks (REC) included a petition for
rulemaking requesting that the Commission consider the reallocation of
television channels 5 and 6 for use with a new ``WIDE FM'' service. The
Commission concludes that REC's proposal is outside of the scope of
this proceeding and will not be considered in this R&O.
Final Regulatory Flexibility Act Analysis
As required by the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (RFA), see 5
U.S.C. 603, as amended, Public Law 104-121, Title II, 110 Stat. 847
(1996), an Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) was
incorporated in the (FNPRM) released June 7, 2022 at 87 FR 36440. The
Commission sought written public comment on the proposals in the FNPRM,
including comment on the IRFA. No comments were filed addressing the
IRFA. This Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (FRFA) conforms to the
RFA, 5 U.S.C. 604.
Need For, and Objectives of, the Report and Order
This Report and Order adopts rule changes to allow channel 6
digital low power television stations that have been providing analog
FM radio services, and only those stations, to continue their FM6
operations, subject to certain conditions which will also be codified
in the rules. Continuing to allow existing FM6 operations serves the
public interest and minimizes service disruptions to programming on
which listeners have relied.
In the Report and Order, the Commission adopts rules for FM6
operations, including that FM6 LPTV stations must operate in ATSC 3.0
digital format, must transmit FM6 at 87.75 MHz, and FM6 operations must
not interfere with any other licensed user. The coverage area of an FM6
LPTV station's analog FM radio operation may not exceed the coverage
area of the LPTV station's ATSC 3.0 synchronized video/audio
programming stream. FM6 LPTV stations must also provide at least one
stream of synchronized video and audio programming on the ATSC 3.0
portion of the spectrum at any time the station is operating. FM6 LPTV
stations may make modifications to their technical facilities, as
otherwise permitted under Part 74 of the rules, so long as the
protected contour of the station's modified facilities remains within
its current protected contour.
[[Page 59467]]
The Report and Order also adopts reporting requirements, requiring
that if an FM6 LPTV station decides to permanently discontinue FM6
operations, it must notify the Media Bureau within 30 days of
permanently ceasing FM6 operations. FM6 LPTV stations must also certify
in an attachment to their octennial license renewal application that
they have continued to provide FM6 operations in accordance with the
FM6 rules during their prior license term. Section 74.763(c) of the
rules apply to FM6 operations, so that an FM6 LPTV station that does
not provide an FM6 operation for a period of 30 days or more, absent
circumstances beyond its control, will be deemed to have permanently
discontinued FM6 operations. Additionally, FM6 LPTV stations must
include all of the items required by the public inspection file (PIF)
rule for full service FM radio stations in their LPTV station PIF.
The Report and Order also adopts requirements for application of
Part 73 and 74 rules to these stations and services. FM6 LPTV stations
will continue to be subject to all applicable Part 73 and 74 rules that
pertain to their television station operations, and their FM6
operations will be separately subject to those Part 73 rules to which
full service FM radio stations are currently subject, as contained in
its new FM6 rule--74.790(o).
Finally, the Report and Order adopts the fee requirements for FM6
LPTV stations. Any FM6 LPTV station that receives compensation for the
transmission of material by a third party, other than commercial
advertisements used to support non-subscription based broadcasting, on
its FM6 operation shall be subject to the existing rule requiring a
five percent fee on gross revenues from such compensation. FM6 LPTV
stations that do not receive such compensation shall not be subject to
the five percent fee. Any FM6 LPTV station providing feeable ancillary
or supplementary services must submit an Annual DTV Ancillary/
Supplementary Services Report and report that they provided such fee-
based services, the amount of gross revenues of such services, and
whether they have remitted the requisite five percent fee.
Summary of Significant Issues Raised by Public Comments in Response to
the IRFA
There were no comments filed that specifically addressed the rules
and policies proposed in the IRFA.
Response to Comments by the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small
Business Administration
Pursuant to the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010, which amended the
RFA, the Commission is required to respond to any comments filed by the
Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration (SBA),
and to provide a detailed statement of any change made to the proposed
rules as a result of those comments.
The Chief Counsel did not file any comments in response to the
proposed rules in this proceeding.
Description and Estimate of the Number of Small Entities to Which the
Rules Will Apply
The RFA directs the Commission to provide a description of and,
where feasible, an estimate of the number of small entities that will
be affected by the rules adopted herein. The RFA generally defines the
term ``small entity'' as having the same meaning as the terms ``small
business,'' ``small organization,'' and ``small government
jurisdiction.'' In addition, the term ``small business'' has the same
meaning as the term ``small business concern'' under the Small Business
Act. A small business concern is one which: (1) Is independently owned
and operated; (2) is not dominant in its field of operation; and (3)
satisfies any additional criteria established by the Small Business
Administration.
Television Broadcasting. This industry is comprised of
``establishments primarily engaged in broadcasting images together with
sound.'' These establishments operate television broadcast studios and
facilities for the programming and transmission of programs to the
public. These establishments also produce or transmit visual
programming to affiliated broadcast television stations, which in turn
broadcast the programs to the public on a predetermined schedule.
Programming may originate in their own studio, from an affiliated
network, or from external sources. The SBA small business size standard
for this industry classifies businesses having $41.5 million or less in
annual receipts as small. 2017 U.S. Census Bureau data indicate that
744 firms in this industry operated for the entire year. Of that
number, 657 firms had revenue of less than $25,000,000. Based on this
data the Commission estimates that the majority of television
broadcasters are small entities under the SBA small business size
standard.
As of March 31, 2023, there were 1,375 licensed commercial
television stations. Of this total, 1,282 stations (or 93.2%) had
revenues of $41.5 million or less in 2021, according to Commission
staff review of the BIA Kelsey Inc. Media Access Pro Television
Database (BIA) on April 7, 2023, and therefore these licensees qualify
as small entities under the SBA definition. In addition, the Commission
estimates as of March 31, 2023, there were 383 licensed noncommercial
educational (NCE) television stations, 381 Class A TV stations, 1,887
LPTV stations and 3,119 TV translator stations. The Commission,
however, does not compile and otherwise does not have access to
financial information for these television broadcast stations that
would permit it to determine how many of these stations qualify as
small entities under the SBA small business size standard.
Nevertheless, given the SBA's large annual receipts threshold for this
industry and the nature of these television station licensees, the
Commission presumes that all of these entities qualify as small
entities under the above SBA small business size standard.
Description of Projected Reporting, Recordkeeping and Other Compliance
Requirements for Small Entities
The Report and Order contains new reporting, recordkeeping, and
other compliance requirements for the licensing and certification for
small entity FM6 LPTV stations that provide FM6 service.
While the Commission is not in a position to determine whether
small entities will have to hire professionals to comply with its
decisions and cannot quantify the cost of compliance for small
entities, the approaches, it has taken to implement the requirements
have minimal or de minimis cost implications for impacted entities
because many of these requirements are part of an existing reporting
process.
The Report and Order adopts four new reporting requirements for FM6
LPTV stations that wish to continue to or cease to provide FM6 service,
including the requirement that FM6 LPTV stations notify the Media
Bureau within 30 days if they decide to permanently discontinue FM6
operations. FM6 LPTV stations must certify in an attachment to their
octennial license renewal application that they have continued to
provide FM6 operations in accordance with the FM6 rules during their
prior license term. FM6 LPTV stations must also include all of the
items required by the PIF rule for full service FM radio stations in
their LPTV station PIF. Additionally, FM6 LPTV stations that
[[Page 59468]]
provided feeable ancillary or supplementary service must submit an
Annual DTV Ancillary/Supplementary Services Report and report that they
provided feeable services, the amount of gross revenues of such
services and whether they have remitted the requisite five percent fee.
These requirements will result in a modified paperwork obligation for
small entities and other licensees. The Commission will seek the
requisite approval, such as those required to comply with the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Public Law 104-13, to account for the
increased burdens resulting from this modified reporting requirement.
Steps Taken To Minimize Significant Impact on Small Entities, and
Significant Alternatives Considered
The RFA requires an agency to provide, ``a description of the steps
the agency has taken to minimize the significant economic impact on
small entities, including a statement of the factual, policy, and legal
reasons for selecting the alternative adopted in the final rule and why
each one of the other significant alternatives to the rule considered
by the agency which affect the impact on small entities was rejected.''
The actions taken by the Commission in the Report and Order were
considered to be the least costly and minimally burdensome for small
and other entities impacted by the rules. As such, the Commission does
not expect the adopted requirements to have a significant economic
impact on small entities. Below the Commission discusses actions it
takes in the Report and Order to minimize any significant economic
impact on small entities and some alternatives that were considered.
Among the alternatives considered to minimize significant impact on
small entities, the Commission considered whether FM6 programming could
be delivered via another delivery method such as other broadcast
methods or internet only, and found that these methods were less
efficient and potentially more costly to small entities than
maintaining the existing service. The Commission also considered
whether to preserve or alter the service contour for FM6 service. In
deciding that the service contour not exceed the protected contour of
the LPTV station's ATSC 3.0 synchronized video/audio programming
stream, the Commission determined that alternative approaches presented
where impractical and overly burdensome.
It is anticipated that some of the new reporting requirements will
likely result in minimal additional costs because the Commission
adopted requirements which can be executed as part of an existing
process and within the timeframe for certain other filing requirements.
This includes certifying in an attachment to an existing octennial
license renewal application that the station provided FM6 service
during the prior license term in accordance with the FM6 rules.
Further, FM6 LPTV stations must adhere to the requirements of licensed
users providing similar services, including the PIF rule for full
service FM radio stations in their LPTV station PIF, and submitting an
Annual DTV Ancillary/Supplementary Services Report if they provide a
feeable service, report provision of feeable services, their gross
revenues, and whether they have remitted the requisite five percent
fee.
Report to Congress
Commission will send a copy of the Report and Order, including this
FRFA, in a report to Congress pursuant to the Congressional Review Act.
5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A). In addition, the Commission will send a copy of
the Report and Order, including this FRFA, to the Chief Counsel for
Advocacy of the SBA. A copy of the Report and Order, and FRFA (or
summaries thereof) will also be published in the Federal Register. 5
U.S.C. 604(b).
List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 74
Communications equipment, Education, Mexico, Radio, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Research, Telecommunications, Television.
Federal Communications Commission.
Katura Jackson,
Federal Register Liaison Officer.
Final Rules
For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Federal
Communications Commission amends 47 CFR part 74 as follows:
PART 74--EXPERIMENTAL RADIO, AUXILIARY, SPECIAL BROADCAST AND OTHER
PROGRAM DISTRIBUTIONAL SERVICES
0
1. The authority citation for part 74 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 47 U.S.C. 154, 302a, 303, 307, 309, 310, 325, 336
and 554.
0
2. Amend Sec. 74.790 by adding paragraph (o) to read as follows:
Sec. 74.790 Permissible service of digital TV translator and LPTV
stations.
* * * * *
(o) Provision of analog FM radio operations by digital LPTV channel
6 stations (FM6 LPTV stations). FM6 LPTV stations may provide analog FM
radio operations (FM6 operations) on an ancillary or supplementary
basis subject to the following:
(1) The FM6 LPTV station must have been providing FM6 operations
pursuant to an active engineering special temporary authority on June
7, 2022, or as otherwise permitted by the Commission.
(2) The FM6 LPTV station must be operating in ATSC 3.0 digital
format, as authorized in Sec. 74.782.
(3) FM6 operations may only be conducted on 87.75 MHz.
(4) FM6 operations shall be conducted on a non-interference basis
to any other licensed user, including but not limited to broadcast
television or radio users.
(5) The FM6 LPTV station's FM6 service contour must be contained
within and may not exceed the protected contour of the FM6 LPTV
station's synchronized video/audio programming stream. These contours
shall be determined using established methodologies in Sec. 73.313 of
this chapter (FM radio) and Sec. 74.792 (LPTV).
(6) The FM6 LPTV station must provide at least one stream of
synchronized video and audio programming, at any time the station is
operating.
(7) FM6 LPTV stations may make minor modifications to their
technical facilities, as otherwise permitted under part 73 of this
chapter or this part, so long as the station's proposed modified
``protected contour,'' as defined in Sec. 74.792, does not exceed its
protected contour as it was authorized on July 20, 2023, or where the
station can demonstrate that such change is being made due to an
engineering necessity such as the loss of a tower site or change in
equipment due to malfunction and where the station can also demonstrate
that the modification will not cause any interference to other licensed
users.
(8) FM6 LPTV stations may be assigned or transferred; however, an
FM6 LPTV station's FM6 operation is not severable from its digital
license and may not be assigned or transferred separate from the FM6
LPTV station.
(9)-(10) [Reserved]
(11) FM6 LPTV stations shall continue to be subject to all rules in
part 73 of this chapter and this part applicable to low power
television stations. In addition, the following rules shall apply to
FM6 LPTV stations with respect to their FM6 operations:
(i) Part 11 of this chapter The Emergency Alert System (EAS).
(ii) Section 73.293, Use of FM multiplex subcarriers.
[[Page 59469]]
(iii) Section 73.295, FM subsidiary communications services.
(iv) Section 73.297, FM stereophonic sound broadcasting.
(v) Section 73.310, FM technical definitions.
(vi) Section 73.313, Prediction of coverage.
(vii) Section 73.319, FM multiplex subcarrier technical standards.
(viii) Section 73.322, FM stereophonic sound transmission
standards.
(ix) Section 73.333, Engineering charts.
(x) Section 73.1201, Station identification.
(xi) Section 73.1206, Broadcast of telephone conversations.
(xii) Section 73.1207, Rebroadcasts.
(xiii) Section 73.1208, Broadcast of taped, filmed, or recorded
material.
(xiv) Section 73.1209, References to time.
(xv) Section 73.1211, Broadcast of lottery information.
(xvi) Section 73.1212, Sponsorship identification; list retention;
related requirements.
(xvii) Section 73.1216, Licensee-conducted contests.
(xviii) Section 73.1217, Broadcast hoaxes.
(xix) Section 73.1250, Broadcasting emergency information.
(xx) Section 73.1300, Unattended station operation.
(xxi) Section 73.1635, Special temporary authorizations (STA).
(xxii) Section 73.1740, Minimum operating schedule.
(xxiii) Section 73.1750, Discontinuance of operation.
(xxiv) Section 73.1940, Legally qualified candidates for public
office.
(xxv) Section 73.1941, Equal opportunities.
(xxvi) Section 73.1942, Candidate rates.
(xxvii) Section 73.1943, Political file.
(xxviii) Section 73.1944, Reasonable access.
(xxix) Section 73.2080, Equal employment opportunities (EEO).
(xxx) Section 73.3526, Online public inspection file of commercial
stations.
(xxxi) Section 73.4005, Advertising--refusal to sell.
(xxxii) Section 73.4045, Barter agreements.
(xxxiii) Section 73.4055, Cigarette advertising.
(xxxiv) Section 73.4060, Citizens agreements.
(xxxv) Section 73.4075, Commercials, loud.
(xxxvi) Section 73.4095, Drug lyrics.
(xxxvii) Section 73.4097, EBS (now EAS) attention signals on
automated programing systems.
(xxxviii) Section 73.4165, Obscene language.
(xxxix) Section 73.4170, Obscene broadcasts.
(xl) Section 73.4180, Payment disclosure: Payola, plugola,
kickbacks.
(xli) Section 73.4185, Political broadcasting and telecasting, the
law of.
(xlii) Section 73.4190, Political candidate authorization notice
and sponsorship identification.
(xliii) Section 73.4215, Program matter: Supplier identification.
(xliv) Section 73.4242, Sponsorship identification rules,
applicability of.
(xlv) Section 73.4250, Subliminal perception.
(xlvi) Section 73.4255, Tax certificates: Issuance of.
(xlvii) Section 73.4260, Teaser announcements.
(xlviii) Section 73.4265, Telephone conversation broadcasts
(network and like sources).
0
3. Delayed indefinitely, further amend Sec. 74.790 by adding
paragraphs (o)(9) and (10) to read as follows:
Sec. 74.790 Permissible service of digital TV translator and LPTV
stations.
* * * * *
(o) * * *
(9) FM6 LPTV stations must notify the Media Bureau within 30 days
of permanently ceasing FM6 operations. Such notification hall be made
by written letter and mailed to the FCC Office of the Secretary,
Attention: Chief, Video Division, Media Bureau. If an FM6 LPTV station
permanently ceases FM6 operations, FM6 operations may not resume.
(10) FM6 LPTV stations must certify in an attachment to their
license renewal application that they have continued to provide FM6
service in accordance with the FM6 rules in this section during the
prior license term.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2023-17414 Filed 8-28-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712-01-P